of miles of the atlantic ocean. and an expert on deep—sea exploration and a man who led the team that discovered the titanic discuss rescue efforts. hello, i'm sumi somaskanda, welcome to the show. we begin with the intensifying search and rescue operation for the missing submersible with five people onboard in the north atlantic ocean. the search has entered a new stage of urgency as the us coastguard says the vessel probably has enough oxygen to last until thursday morning local time. the us coastguard also confirmed that more tapping noises were picked up by a canadian team overnight, but locating its source is proving to be extremely difficult. the submersible was on its way to visit the site of the titanic wreck, which lies some 12,500 feet beneath the ocean surface. the international rescue

operation for the sub is being coordinated in boston. with urgency growing to rescue those onboard, there are now dozens of vessels scanning thousands of miles of ocean for any signs of the vessel. joining the search, a french vessel, the atalante. it has specialist equipment for searching the extreme depths and is nearly at the scene. we'll be looking in more detail at the technical challenges involved. our correspondent carl nasman is in boston. has there been at this point any updates on the search? many of those updates _ any updates on the search? many of those updates came _ any updates on the search? plan; of those updates came earlier today, this press conference by the us coast guard and he mentioned the key detail, those noises that have been picked up by canadian planes and these sonar buoys, they immediately redeployed some vehicles to the

scene and began intensifying their search stop they have also said that they don't know what or who could have been making those noises, they don't have an exact location either, they have sent that audio data to us navy specialists and it is now being analysed to try to pick up any pattern or understand what was making that noise. it has injected even more urgency into the search. it is also getting much wider today, yesterday we heard it was about the size of connecticut and today it is twice the size of connecticut. it's very broad net being cast and you can imagine this being and you can imagine this being a lot like finding a needle in haystack, they looking utterly at the top of the haystack but all the way down below, 2.5 miles down under the surface of the ocean, there are some remote operated vehicles that are capable of reaching those depths and they are looking high and low for this missing vessel as time is running short. it vessel as time is running short. , ., , , ., short. it is urgent, as you said, short. it is urgent, as you said. what— short. it is urgent, as you said, what our— short. it is urgent, as you

said, what our officials i short. it is urgent, as you | said, what our officials are saying at this point about the chances of finding this crew safe and sound?— chances of finding this crew safe and sound? , ., ,~' safe and sound? they were asked many times _ safe and sound? they were asked many times similar _ safe and sound? they were asked many times similar questions - many times similar questions about whether or not they thought that there was any hope of finding this vessel in time and they said, there's always hope, you have to have hope on a search and rescue mission. so thatis a search and rescue mission. so that is the motto they are with but we know that air is running low, you mention is probably about half a day or less, looking towards tomorrow morning local time and we think the air on board may begin to be running out, but already because of that short amount of time we are seeing some rescue materials and equipment being put into place, there isn't time to wait to do that once they find the vessel, they have to get them in place now. included in that crucial equipment is a crane or a winch that can reach miles down into the ocean, designed by the us navy to retrieve small vessels like this submersible, to pull it back up. you also mentioned

the french robot, this is crucial as well, it has movable arms and it can go deep to the very bottom of the ocean, it can potentially untangle the vessel if it happened to be caught in some sort of debris. at this point a lot of questions are being asked about the company oceangate who are behind the sabic also the risks taken in this expedition, what have we learned about that? backin have we learned about that? back in 2018 there were some court documents filed here in the us and it had to do with a lawsuit that involved a former employee who has alleged that there were some concerns regarding safety not only at the company 0ceangate but also recording the vessel itself, having to do with the carbon fibre construction, this employee had raised some concerns and had called for outside verification and later that employee was let go by the company. we also know via the new york times that there was an outside body of deep sea

experts who had written a letter to the ceo stockton rush saying they had concerns about the experimental nature of it. the ceo has said many times that the innovative approach is necessary in order to create something new and that pushing the boundaries of these regulations is something he was willing to do. regulations is something he was willing to da— regulations is something he was willing to lie-— willing to do. before you go, 'ust willing to do. before you go, just looking _ willing to do. before you go, just looking ahead, - willing to do. before you go, just looking ahead, get - willing to do. before you go, just looking ahead, get the l just looking ahead, get the search continues through the night, we reported that there are fears that oxygen might last only until thursday morning?— last only until thursday morninu? ., v ' ~ last only until thursday morninu? '~ ., , morning? that's right. 96 hours of air or oxygen _ morning? that's right. 96 hours of air or oxygen believed - morning? that's right. 96 hours of air or oxygen believed to - morning? that's right. 96 hours of air or oxygen believed to be l of air or oxygen believed to be on that submersible. when it began its descent on sunday morning, a lot of people looking towards a thursday morning as potentially the end of this 96 hours but other experts say depending on the behaviour, how relaxed these five people could be in that vessel, it could potentially last longer, slower breathing,

resting, that can stretch a supply longer and we certainly heard of other cases where people survived far longer than we thought they might given the resources they had. the us coastguard here, which is coordinating the mission, has not said how long they will continue to search, they will not give us any time and on that. ., not give us any time and on that. . . , . not give us any time and on that. . ., ., �* ., that. carl nasman in boston, thank you — that. carl nasman in boston, thank you so _ that. carl nasman in boston, thank you so much. - we will bring you any updates on the search here on bbc news, and we have continuing live coverage on the bbc news website and app — where our team is tracking every development — with full background and analysis. more vessels are joining the international search and rescue mission for the titan submersible. nomia iqbal is in newfoundland with the latest. vessels we saw doctor here yesterday have headed out to see into the atlantic ocean where they have joined this huge international rescue mission. this is the closest city to the titanic wreckage

and teams are continuing to come. tonight a plane is expected from new york carrying aid for the rescuers, also a french vessel is due to arrive carrying more specialist underwater kit including a robot that can reach 20,000 feet below sea level, that will be a contribution to what looks now to be the deepest search and rescue mission ever attempted. but bear in mind, the teams have to find the titan and when they do find it, they then have to somehow get they then have to somehow get the team out and get them to safety. let's take a look at what we know about the titan. the missing submersible weighs about 23,000lbs, or roughly 10,400kg. the titan is about 22 feet long — or 6.7 metres. it's also capable of reaching depths of up to 13,123 feet below sea level — roughly 4,000 meters. and with the help of four electric thrusters, the titan can reach speeds of about three

knots, or three miles per hour. live now to david marquet. he's a retired united states navy captain who served as a submarine commander. this you joined us in the programme last night, great to have your back with us. we have been talking about the hopes that have been raised by these tapping sounds that have been described, recorded over by a canadian team, what do you think we can glean from this information? indie think we can glean from this information?— think we can glean from this information? ~ .., , ., , information? we can be hopeful. there is a _ information? we can be hopeful. there is a chance, _ information? we can be hopeful. there is a chance, i _ information? we can be hopeful. there is a chance, i think- information? we can be hopeful. there is a chance, i think it - there is a chance, i think it is a small chance but there is a chance that these sounds did come from the sub, the kinds of sounds that the people in the submarine would be making to lead their presence be known and that the world know that they are still here and still alive and this is where they are, they can help us locate them. ., ., , ., them. so that would be a good sin them. so that would be a good sign possibly. _ them. so that would be a good sign possibly, but— them. so that would be a good sign possibly, but we - sign possibly, but we understand that these are signs that could come from any number

of sources?— of sources? right, so they sound man-made - of sources? right, so they sound man-made in - of sources? right, so they sound man-made in the i of sources? right, so they - sound man-made in the sense sound man—made in the sense that they are rhythmic, tapping, banging, that kind of sound. in nature there are all kinds of sites out there. that deep, cold, dense port is really good at carrying noise. —— right dense water. a subterranean volcano thousands of miles away, wales, shrimp, waves breaking on the shore, surface noise, all these things contribute to the noise, so maybe nature is temporarily filling us. but another possibility is that it is man—made noise but it is coming from the fleet that is now assembling. it's a bit suspicious to me that we didn't hear the noises when they were not there are many ships there are now the ships are starting to show up, we are starting to hear noises. as a nuclear

submarine that we are always asking, what is the worst, how can nature be tricking us? so our minds tend to go paths like this. but i imagine there could be some true remaining on a sub like this, banging on a pychova that gets detected and we do realise that's what it is and be sent in our 0p out to find it, we don't find the submarine because of course it's not there watts so many different vessels now gathering for the search and rescue mission. indie search and rescue mission. we have heard _ search and rescue mission. we have heard from the us coastguard commander leading the search from boston. we always have to have hope. but from your assessment, what are the chances at this point of finding this crew alive and safe? i finding this crew alive and safe? ~ , ., ,., finding this crew alive and safe? ~ , ., , safe? i think it is about 296. i used to say _ safe? i think it is about 296. i its chair said more rate hikes used to say it _ safe? i think it is about 296. i used to say it was _ safe? i think it is about 296. i used to say it was 196. - safe? i think it is about 296. i i used to say it was 196. because used to say it was 1%. because i think there is a high might be or it "re horizon. its chair said more rate hikes might be or it was >rizon. probability that the malfunction which caused them to lose communication one hour and 45 minutes into the descent

to the titanic was catastrophic for the entire ship. but if it wasn't, what i was worried about was, we have to find them and we have to get the map. the getting up but i think we have solved. equipment has been flown by the united states navy and air force to newfoundland, it has been loaded on a ship, that set out last night and should be either near or very close to the site. so i'm confident that if it is found we will be able to get the equipment down there. it consists of our own fees and cables, it is designed exactly for this. cables, it is designed exactly forthis. —— it cables, it is designed exactly for this. —— it consists of rovs. they should be able to get it up out of the bottom but we have to find it first. that's really interesting about the retrieval process, can you

tell us how long that takes? if they were to locate on the surface around where the vessel might be, how long would it take to bring it up from the bottom of the ocean? i don't know exactly _ bottom of the ocean? i don't know exactly but _ bottom of the ocean? i don't know exactly but i _ bottom of the ocean? i don't know exactly but i would - bottom of the ocean? i don't know exactly but i would say| bottom of the ocean? i don't i know exactly but i would say it is probably measured in hours. when you are bringing a submarine up, you don't need to worry about the decompression times, like if it was a diver. a diver would have to come up very slowly because their body will have been subjected to a lot of pressure, the lungs would be contracting, the air in the blood vessels would be very small and as they come up it expands and it gives them problems if you don't do it in a controlled way. and it gives them problems if you don't do it in a controlled way. inside the submarine, if they are still there, they are simply experiencing the same pressure that we are. they have depleted oxygen and probably a higher level of c02 which makes it unpleasant but in terms of the pressure it is the same. we could bring them up as fast as we could run the school and

left the map. so maybe that is an hour. . , left the map. so maybe that is an hour. ., , , ., an hour. really interesting to net our an hour. really interesting to get your expertise _ an hour. really interesting to get your expertise on - an hour. really interesting to get your expertise on that. i get your expertise on that. before we let you go, as we mentioned, there are so many vessels involved, it is an international effort, tell us what you make of this search and rescue mission we have seen come together in a short amount of time. �* , . come together in a short amount of time. �*, ., ., come together in a short amount oftime. �*, ., ., , ., , ., of time. it's a great story of heroism _ of time. it's a great story of heroism and _ of time. it's a great story of heroism and people - of time. it's a great story of heroism and people coming j of time. it's a great story of i heroism and people coming to the aid of other people, mariners come to the aid of stricken mariners. you've got multiple us government agencies cooperating, you got at least four countries, the us, france, the uk and canada cooperating, you are creating these connections, and you have the commercial entities because we are using, commercial oil industry ships or cabling ships which have the ability to send these rovers down. so whatever

happens, we hopefully will find them, but all these connections, they will really help us in case something like this happens in the future. because we will know the contacts and the people to call to make this happen. it's wonderful to see it. david, . reat wonderful to see it. david, great to — wonderful to see it. david, great to speak _ wonderful to see it. david, great to speak to - wonderful to see it. david, great to speak to you - wonderful to see it. david, | great to speak to you again wonderful to see it. david, - great to speak to you again on our programme and to have your expertise, thank you very much. around the world and across the uk, this is bbc news. these paintings by ukrainian artist of a very special place in this north yorkshire art gallery. they are being proudly displayed by his daughter lara who finds it a comfort to help jockeys work by her dad as well as other ukrainians and local artists. i as other ukrainians and local artists. ., ., ., , , artists. i have two artists from the _ artists. i have two artists from the ukraine - artists. i have two artists from the ukraine and - artists. i have two artists| from the ukraine and one artist, _ from the ukraine and one artist, a _ from the ukraine and one artist, a professional artist,

he fled _ artist, a professional artist, he fled the war in his 705 and he fled the war in his 705 and he was — he fled the war in his 705 and he was here for several months and he — he was here for several months and he was _ and he was painting a lot, just talking — and he was painting a lot, just talking about his mind, feeling absolutely devastated, and i absolutely deva5tated, and i couldn't_ absolutely devastated, and i couldn't say that i have a free minute — couldn't say that i have a free minute when i'm not thinking about— minute when i'm not thinking about my— minute when i'm not thinking about my country. my parents who _ about my country. my parents who are — about my country. my parents who are there at the moment. how— who are there at the moment. how current exhibitions including work by her dad will be on display all summer. —— her current exhibitions. you're live with bbc news. ships and vessels from across the globe have joined the extraodinary search for the titan sub and its five passengers. the us navy and canadian coastguard are sending seven additional assets including a c—130 and deep sea vehicles. victoria gill has more on this incredibly complex hunt. the desperate search for the submersible now has a focus. the banging sounds that were picked up at the sea

surface by detectors deployed by the rescue teams. they think that the sound is coming from the sea floor and relatively close to the wreck location. now, one of the things that this indicates is that the submersible is stationary and on the sea floor, and this drastically narrows down the possible locations. if the sub can be located, it could mean a rescue attempt at extraordinary depth. military submarines operate at about 300 metres. if titan is stuck at the depth it was heading to, 3,800 metres, it will be in pitch darkness. a major concern is that undersea currents could have swept the sub into wreckage, which then trapped it. one of the safety systems on submersibles like titan is weights that can be jettisoned if something goes wrong, causing the vessel to float back up to the surface on its own. that weight release system might have failed. there's now a french research vessel approaching the site that's equipped with a remotely operated undersea vehicle

called victor 6000, one of the few vessels in the world that can operate at these extreme depths. that could be deployed in the search and in a possible rescue, but even that robot has limits to its capabilities. it might detangle or cut or help free the 5ubmer5ible if it was hooked into the environment on the sea floor, but victor would not be able to help bringing this directly... getting the 5ubmer5ible to the surface. it is not strong enough. this remotely operated vehicle was used last year to retrieve a us fighterjet that sank in the south china sea after the pilot safely ejected. the recovery was at a similar depth to the titanic, and the vehicle fastened rigging and lift lines to the aircraft from a support ship. but any potential rescue of titan is likely to be technically complicated. the hope is that the tiny

vessel can be located with enough time left to carry it out. victoria gill, bbc news. live now to ocean explorer tom dettweiler, who led the team that found the wreckage of the titanic. good evening to you, thanks for joining us. you are a close friend of ph naja lei who is about the titan, he is called mr titanic, about the titan, he is called mrtitanic, he about the titan, he is called mr titanic, he was part of the first expedition to visit the wreck. what did he tell you about this expedition before going right? i about this expedition before going right?— going right? i was talking to ph 'ust going right? i was talking to ph just a — going right? i was talking to ph just a few _ going right? i was talking to ph just a few weeks - going right? i was talking to ph just a few weeks ago - going right? i was talking to i ph just a few weeks ago about this exhibition. we serve and a committee together, and there was an online meeting for that committee, and we always talked about before the meeting because we both have the interests in titanic, we have both been there multiple times, he has been there much more

than i have, so it's always a discussion as to what changes have occurred on the titanic since the last visit. we have an extreme interest in that. so something we had in common, i worked with ph on multiple projects before, but the titanic was always the focus of what our conversations led to. did he express any concern at all about this expedition with mikey very experience. he all about this expedition with mikey very experience.- mikey very experience. he is very experienced, _ mikey very experience. he is very experienced, and - mikey very experience. he is very experienced, and with l very experienced, and with multiple submersible programmes. i trust his judgment and i think he would not have gone into that submarine if it wasn't safe, i don't think he would have, you know, supported their programme if he had not felt pretty good about it. so i would trust his judgment on that. i about it. so i would trust his judgment on that.—

judgment on that. i would certainly _ judgment on that. i would certainly hope _ judgment on that. i would certainly hope that - judgment on that. i would certainly hope that he - judgment on that. i would certainly hope that he is l judgment on that. i would - certainly hope that he is safe. what do you think about the tapping or banging sound is that we've been hearing about that we've been hearing about that have been reported by some of the search crews? you had said that for experienced explorers like ph this would be along the lines of what they would do?— along the lines of what they would do? , , , , would do? yes, this is exactly what they _ would do? yes, this is exactly what they would _ would do? yes, this is exactly what they would do, - would do? yes, this is exactly what they would do, if - would do? yes, this is exactly what they would do, if it - would do? yes, this is exactly what they would do, if it is . would do? yes, this is exactly what they would do, if it is as| what they would do, if it is as described. you have to consider that we are hearing reports about what was actually heard might be on the horizon. second and third hand. and from multiple sources. so it could be mixed up a little bit. but if he was tapping on the hull of the vessel and then doing it every 30 minutes, that's exactly what you would do to distinguish it from an outside sound. but in the ocean there are lots and lots of sounds and i've heard mechanical sounds before that you would swear were coming from something you are looking for and then you

find it is just a are looking for and then you find it isjust a random are looking for and then you find it is just a random sound that's travelling a very long distance. that is one trouble, the aeroplanes are dropping boys mac —— buoys. it could be noise from the other ship. it is suspicious that noises didn't occur until yesterday, because the aeroplane have been either since this happened on sunday. i either since this happened on sunda . ., ., ., ., sunday. i want to ask about the exoedition _ sunday. i want to ask about the expedition in _ sunday. i want to ask about the expedition in general, - sunday. i want to ask about the expedition in general, we - sunday. i want to ask about the | expedition in general, we spoke to david maki and he told us there are real risks to deep sea exploration as you know yourself. he said in speaking to us that this team of explorers might have pushed the boundaries a bit too far. what do you think of that? is boundaries a bit too far. what do you think of that?- do you think of that? is very possible- — do you think of that? is very possible. this _ do you think of that? is very possible. this is _ do you think of that? is very possible. this is a _ do you think of that? is very possible. this is a new - do you think of that? is very| possible. this is a new group and i don't want to say anything bad about them because i really don't know their programme all that well. if you

look at the space programme as an example, it is privately the funded, using off—the—shelf technologies, really pushing innovation and getting us into space at a much cheaper cost and deploying systems that are going to serve us well into the future. so i don't think it is a bad thing that we have a private group that is sending a submersible down this deep. i would hope that they follow all the rules that have been set up over the previous programmes that were state run. those programmes have operated for decades quite safely. this could have beenjust the failure of a single component and that sort of thing happens when you're going down to these extensive pressures in the ocean, vast changes in temperature as well. things happen, things fail. you said

ou happen, things fail. you said you were _ happen, things fail. you said you were speaking _ happen, things fail. you said you were speaking with - happen, things fail. you said you were speaking with ph i happen, things fail. you said you were speaking with ph a| happen, things fail. you said - you were speaking with ph a few weeks ago about going down to visit the titanic wreckage, what is it you think still draws people to the wreck and make it so fascinating for people? make it so fascinating for eo - le? . �* , make it so fascinating for neale? ., �*, ., make it so fascinating for --eole? . h ., make it so fascinating for --eole? . v . , ., people? that's a good question. i once people? that's a good question. i once asked _ people? that's a good question. i once asked jim _ people? that's a good question. i once asked jim cameron, - people? that's a good question. i once asked jim cameron, and i j i once askedjim cameron, and i think he had the best answer, he said if a screenwriter sat down to write the story, he couldn't write a more perfect story. it has all the elements that really seem to grasp us. and i haven't really heard anybody point out that we are almost experiencing a mini titanic right now with the loss of the titan. but everybody wants to see a good outcome. we have people who have quite a bit of money on board, we have companies whose future might be changed because of what happens. certainly there is going to be new procedures and rules applied to submersible

operations. so it's very similar in a lot of ways to titanic and i think that is why it has gripped the world's attention and the really cool thing is that everybody wants to see a good outcome, everybody is cheering for the same thing. everybody is cheering for the same thing-— same thing. that is certainly the case- — same thing. that is certainly the case. as _ same thing. that is certainly the case. as the _ same thing. that is certainly the case. as the search - same thing. that is certainly the case. as the search and | the case. as the search and rescue continues, whatever happens, how do you think this incident and what has happened so far to the titan will change the deep sea exploration community? this is a community you part of. community? this is a community you part of-_ you part of. yes, it will definitely _ you part of. yes, it will definitely have - you part of. yes, it will definitely have an - you part of. yes, it will i definitely have an impact. you part of. yes, it will. definitely have an impact. i think there will be a huge forensic examination after the submarine is located and recovered. there will be a huge programme to evaluate what went wrong exactly. the supervisor from the us navy is out there

now and that's what they specialise in, finding out what caused an accident. whether there are rules that were broken or procedures that were not followed. all those kinds of things. then they will look at all the other programmes and make sure that they are following it and that the procedures have been applied. so it will be a bit burdensome on our other programmes but it is for everybody�*s safety and good. is for everybody's safety and aood. ., ., ~' ,, is for everybody's safety and aood. ., ., ~ i. is for everybody's safety and aood. ., ., ,, . good. tom, thank you so much for speaking — good. tom, thank you so much for speaking with _ good. tom, thank you so much for speaking with us _ good. tom, thank you so much for speaking with us tonight. i for speaking with us tonight. you're welcome, thank you. we are following the latest on the search for this missing submersible and we have our correspondence still on the ground in boston, we will bring you the latest at the top of the next hour. thanks for watching bbc news. hello. wednesday brought plenty of summer warmth and sunshine. but there were some showers too, not least in the north of scotland. take a look at what

happened in wick. these thunderstorms really lined up and delivered 58 millimetres of rain. that is more rain than wick would normally expect to see in the whole of a typicaljune. now for thursday — high pressure is going to be building its way in across the uk. you might think that that would mean completely dry weather. well, actually, in spite of that building area of high pressure, there will still be some scattered showers, but this time mostly across england and wales. and in between the showers, some very warm sunshine. many places will spend the day dry and certainly most will start the day dry. there'll be some early mist which will clear away, some spells of sunshine, but we will see showers developing, particularly across england and wales. and with light winds, those showers are likely to be quite slow moving — not as many showers for northern ireland and the bulk of scotland will stay completely dry. temperatures north to south, 15 to maybe 28 degrees celsius. and then through thursday night, we'll see increasing humidity, more cloud and some rain

splashing its way and particularly to northern ireland, perhaps western parts of scotland as well by the end of the night. those higher temperatures, 10 to 15 degrees, an increasingly muggy feel, which certainly will continue to be the case into friday. more cloud across the north and the west of the uk with some outbreaks of rain even down towards the south—east, a bit more cloud in the mix. still some spells of sunshine, but with that extra cloud, temperatures a little bit lower, 20 to 25 degrees, a very warm and muggy night on friday night. and on saturday, we will start the day with a fair amount of cloud, perhaps some mist and murk here and there, some spots of drizzle. things should brighten up as the day wears on, some spells of sunshine. and if you get enough sunshine, it will feel very warm indeed, perhaps up to 28 or 29 degrees in the south east, but glasgow, belfast, still up to 24. that wedge, a very warm and humid air between these weather fronts here. but as this cold front swings its way eastwards as we get into sunday, well, that will change things. the timing is a little bit uncertain, but it looks

like that cold front will bring some quite heavy and perhaps thundery rain eastwards across the uk. so that wet weather sweeping its way eastwards and with it some cooler, fresher conditions.

a hawkish tone from the us federal reserve.

its chair said more rate hikes