let's get more now on a defeat for the british government this morning at the court of appeal. it's plan to deport asylum seekers to rwanda has been ruled unlawful by the court of appeal in london. three seniorjudges ruled, by a majority, that rwanda could not be treated as a safe third country. the judgment is a setback to prime minister rishi sunak and the home secretary suella braverman. the prime minister rishi sunak has said he fundamentally disagrees with the court of appeal conclusion on the court of appeal conclusion on the government's rwanda policy, but respects the court's decision. the uk has paid the rwandan government £140 million for the scheme, although no migrants had been sent

to the country. the plan was announced over a year ago. enable 2022, the british _ announced over a year ago. enable 2022, the british government - 2022, the british government announced plans to send some asylum seekers to orlando. this was the announcement by the then home secretary pretty patel. those who come by the channel may be relocated to rwanda where they will have their asylum claims considered. the first flight carrying asylum seekers was cancelled just minutes before take—off. that was after intervention from the european court of human rights, but sex was later in december 2022, the high court ruled it was lawful —— but six months later. however, thejudges

gave the go—ahead to several individual asylum seekers and a charity to challenge their decision, this is whyjudges at the court of appeal had been looking into the issue. in march the home secretary was in rwanda's capital and was given a tour of potential migrant housing. it said it could have 1000 asylum seekers during a trial period, but it would potentially have capacity for more. earlier this week the home office published an economic assessment of the plan. let's take a look at the figures. sending each asylum figure would cost on average 100 city £9,000, including a payment to rwanda —— £69,000. the british government argues the policy would also have a deterrent effect which would possibly lead to

savings. but first, jeremy brier kc is a barrister and legal commentator. thank you forjoining us. can you take us through the legals of this, why the appeal courtjudges decided in the way they did? this was not a unanimous decision. it in the way they did? this was not a unanimous decision.— unanimous decision. it wasn't a unanimous _ unanimous decision. it wasn't a unanimous decision, _ unanimous decision. it wasn't a unanimous decision, it - unanimous decision. it wasn't a unanimous decision, it shows l unanimous decision. it wasn't a i unanimous decision, it showsjust unanimous decision, it shows just how split thejudiciary unanimous decision, it shows just how split the judiciary can be when they look at evidence and they reach their own independent verdicts. what we hear today was the lord chief justice himself, the most senior judge in this country, giving the judgment, but he was in the mile charity —— minority. he was outvoted by the two otherjudges, who found it was not. it all turned on one critical ground, really, and that

ground was whether rule under was this safe third country that could process asylum seekers and ensure there was no risk of asylum seekers being returned to countries such as syria or afghanistan, where they might face a risk of persecution. we heard the rwandan government say there was no chance of that happening, that was there evidence, that was the british government's evident, and that evidence wasn't accepted by the court of appeal, who preferred the evidence of the unhcr, which was part of the high court proceedings. the court of appeal have looked at the evidence, they've come to a different conclusion by a majority than the high court reach, and now i suppose the question is, and now i suppose the question is, and wejust heard and now i suppose the question is, and we just heard this announcement

from the prime minister, will the supreme court gave permission, and if so, what will be outcome bequest rock i'm just going to bring in professor catherine i think the ruling is an indication of human rights and the rule of law. i think it was allowing the secretary of state to allow, to rely on what were paper assurances without really looking into the evidence about the real conditions in rwanda. what the court of appeal has done, very unequivocally, is to assert rwanda is not a safe third country based on the evidence, the past evidence and the very strong submissions made by unhcr. they've come to the right conclusion but they've set out, reasserted

principles about the conditions that need to be in place before one state, in this case the uk, can treat another one as a safe country. what options are there now for the uk government, bearing in mind one of their key policies has been deemed unlawful? i of their key policies has been deemed unlawful?— of their key policies has been deemed unlawful? i think there's a ossibili , deemed unlawful? i think there's a possibility. and _ deemed unlawful? i think there's a possibility, and i— deemed unlawful? i think there's a possibility, and i don't _ deemed unlawful? i think there's a possibility, and i don't put - deemed unlawful? i think there's a possibility, and i don't put it - deemed unlawful? i think there's a possibility, and i don't put it any i possibility, and i don't put it any higher— possibility, and i don't put it any higher than that, that they could but some — higher than that, that they could but some primary legislation through to get— but some primary legislation through to get around the judgment. that might— to get around the judgment. that might be — to get around the judgment. that might be difficult. the more obvious route _ might be difficult. the more obvious route is— might be difficult. the more obvious route is to _ might be difficult. the more obvious route is to try and to appeal to the supreme _ route is to try and to appeal to the supreme court. my own view, and you can hold _ supreme court. my own view, and you can hold this— supreme court. my own view, and you can hold this against me if i get it wrong, _ can hold this against me if i get it wrong, it— can hold this against me if i get it wrong, it is— can hold this against me if i get it wrong, it is likely the supreme court _ wrong, it is likely the supreme court wiii— wrong, it is likely the supreme court will give them permission. it may even— court will give them permission. it may even adopt a reasonably expedited appeal because it is a matter— expedited appeal because it is a matter of— expedited appeal because it is a matter of public importance. of

course — matter of public importance. of course also, because there has been the lord _ course also, because there has been the lord chiefjustice going one way, _ the lord chiefjustice going one way, the — the lord chiefjustice going one way, the master of the roles going the other, — way, the master of the roles going the other, and the supreme court will want — the other, and the supreme court will want to be the final arbiter of this decision. watch this space because — this decision. watch this space because i_ this decision. watch this space because i imagine there will be another— because i imagine there will be another important case on this matter— another important case on this matter shortly.— another important case on this matter shortly. catherine, do you auree matter shortly. catherine, do you agree with _ matter shortly. catherine, do you agree with it _ matter shortly. catherine, do you agree with it and _ matter shortly. catherine, do you agree with it and can _ matter shortly. catherine, do you agree with it and can you - matter shortly. catherine, do you agree with it and can you see - matter shortly. catherine, do you agree with it and can you see thisj agree with it and can you see this law ever coming into force? the government can sleep saying it is one of their key planks, how they want to stop the boats. i one of their key planks, how they want to stop the boats.— want to stop the boats. i think it is a misguided _ want to stop the boats. i think it is a misguided policy, _ want to stop the boats. i think it is a misguided policy, and - want to stop the boats. i think it is a misguided policy, and if- want to stop the boats. i think it is a misguided policy, and if it. is a misguided policy, and if it came is in force, it would be unenforceable. it is ill—fated, a respected of what the judiciary do. if there is an appeal and it goes to the supreme court, i would find it difficult to imagine the supreme court coming to a different view based on the weight of evidence. pope on the principles in

international law that should guide how the safety of states is to be as assessed, the evidence that rwanda is not a safe country for refugees. thank you very much for your insight. we will happen to leave it there. 40,000 police officers will be deplpoyed on the streets of france this evening following unerest over the fatal police shooting of a teenager during a traffic stop in a paris suburb. it's the third such death so far this year. it follows a record number of fatal traffic stops in france last year. 0fficial police figures show 13 people were killed in 2022 after not complying during a traffic stop. this follows a change in the rules in 2017, which allowed firearms to be used by police in five scenarios — all of which include a likely threat to life or physical safety. the change has been widely criticised by rights groups, who say the law dangerously widens the legal framework

of when police can use firearms. included in the five scenarios is to stop a vehicle whose driver or occupants are likely to pose a risk to their life or physical safety. a tally by the reuters news agency found that since 2017, the majority of those killed during traffic stops were either black or arab. the mother of the teen who was killed has been talking about her son. he killed has been talking about her son. ., , , killed has been talking about her son, , ., killed has been talking about her son. . . , ., . son. he was still a child, he needed his mother- — son. he was still a child, he needed his mother. he _ son. he was still a child, he needed his mother. he kissed _ son. he was still a child, he needed his mother. he kissed goodbye - son. he was still a child, he needed his mother. he kissed goodbye and | his mother. he kissed goodbye and said i love you, mum. an alan sir i was told someone shot my son —— one hour later. he was my life, everything to me. live now to david chazan, a journalist who covers france.

thank you forjoining me. what do you make two events of what has happened in paris over the last couple of days? notjust paris, there's been unrest in towns across france. . ., , , there's been unrest in towns across france. . . , , ., france. there clearly been an exalosion _ france. there clearly been an exalosion of— france. there clearly been an explosion of rage _ france. there clearly been an explosion of rage in - france. there clearly been an explosion of rage in what - france. there clearly been an explosion of rage in what we | explosion of rage in what we generally refer to as the mainly immigrant some suburbs. many people are for generation immigrants, they are for generation immigrants, they are french but we've been hearing this morning from people who live in those suburbs, representatives of n60, those suburbs, representatives of ngo, who look after, who try to put the young people who live there on a path to get better education and life chances. they've been saying one problem is for people in the suburbs, the fatal shooting, the

most fatal rooted in shooting isn't an isolated incident, they say it was the tip of the iceberg. they think they are victimised by the police, they feel like second—class citizens in france, and they feel that no matter how long they stay here, they will never be fully accepted. i think that has a lot to do with the unrest we saw last night. do with the unrest we saw last ni . ht. ., do with the unrest we saw last ni i ht. ., . do with the unrest we saw last niuht. ., . ., do with the unrest we saw last nitht. ., . ., ,., ~ night. david, how much do you think the chance night. david, how much do you think the change to _ night. david, how much do you think the change to the _ night. david, how much do you think the change to the law _ night. david, how much do you think the change to the law in _ night. david, how much do you think the change to the law in 2017 - night. david, how much do you think the change to the law in 2017 has - the change to the law in 2017 has had to do with this? those figures that came out on the number of people killed or staggering. thea;r people killed or staggering. they are uuite people killed or staggering. tie: are quite staggering. the people killed or staggering. ti9:1: are quite staggering. the 13 people killed or staggering. ti91 are quite staggering. the 13 people who were killed in similar incidents last year, most of them were black or of arab descent. that would seem to bear out what people living in

the suburbs are saying. the change in the law gave police a little bit more leeway to use their firearms, but it didn't give them total carte blanche. in the last couple of hours we've heard from the public prosecutor dealing with this case, and he says that the police officer who allegedly fired certainly did not fire legally, that the conditions to take a legal shot were not met, as he put it. but rights organisations have been critical of that change in the law, and it wouldn't be, it is quite likely the government will take a second look at it after the legal process surrounding this recent death is concluded. just to remind people, this is a law introduced in 2017, a

few months before president macron was elected president. but! few months before president macron was elected president.— was elected president. and he is holdin: a was elected president. and he is holding a crisis _ was elected president. and he is holding a crisis meeting - was elected president. and he is holding a crisis meeting today, | holding a crisis meeting today, talking about calling for calm, the next few hours are a time for reverence and respect. but clearly concern in france that after two nights of violence, more may be to come. ., , , , come. that is right, this is reviving — come. that is right, this is reviving memories - come. that is right, this is reviving memories of - come. that is right, this is| reviving memories of 2005 come. that is right, this is - reviving memories of 2005 when come. that is right, this is _ reviving memories of 2005 when riots erupted across france after the deaths of two teenagers was fleeing from police. they were hiding in an electrical substation and electrocuted, but many people blamed the police for chasing them. there riots went on for weeks, and there is a lot of concern in government that they don't want to see that happening again. yesterday, the appeals and language we were hearing from government were essentially

calls for calm, so they were hoping things were not going to blow up and turned violent again, but they did. today, we've been hearing, particularly from the interior minister, a significant toughening of the tone. the interior minister has been saying the state will react with firmness and that in his words, hooligans will not be allowed to continue to cause unrest or trouble. 0k, david, thank you for your time. around the world and across the uk, this is bbc news. bbc news bringing you different stories. nights out supposed to be fine, but that isn't always the experience of women and vulnerable groups. in colchester, money has been used to try and make the night—time economy safer. businesses

have been offering training for bar staff to look out for those needing help. the police and crime commissioner hopes the new £4 million fund will mean other areas can benefit. karen helped set up this charity. her research shows women more than men feel unsafe in public areas. brute women more than men feel unsafe in public areas-— public areas. we still need to focus on hardware. _ public areas. we still need to focus on hardware, so _ public areas. we still need to focus on hardware, so things _ public areas. we still need to focus on hardware, so things like - public areas. we still need to focus on hardware, so things like cctv i public areas. we still need to focus i on hardware, so things like cctv and lighting because people report those things make them feel safer. we need to also focus on prevention. the things make them feel safer. we need to also focus on prevention.— to also focus on prevention. the aim is not 'ust to also focus on prevention. the aim is not just to — to also focus on prevention. the aim is notjust to reduce _ to also focus on prevention. the aim is notjust to reduce crime _ to also focus on prevention. the aim is notjust to reduce crime but - to also focus on prevention. the aim is notjust to reduce crime but make| is notjust to reduce crime but make sure women and other vulnerable groups feel safer. for more stories across the uk, head to the bbc news website. you are live with bbc news.

there is an inquiry into the special demonstration squad. in the first report he is critical of the methods used by the squad, which included officers taking their children's names as part of their cover. he said the end result was not justified by the means used. with more on the background, gene kelly. london 1968, and a huge demonstration at the american embassy against the vietnam war. involved in gathering intelligence and uniformed undercover police unit, the special demonstration squad. forthe unit, the special demonstration squad. for the next 40 years, officers infiltrated left and progressive groups on a long—term basis. passing back information to scotland yard and mi5. their targets included anti—apartheid campaigners, including peter, now lord hayne, who went on to become a labour cabinet

minister. he is one of those who gave evidence of the first phase of the public inquiry into undercover policing. another political activist discovered in the 1970s, he was befriended by a police by. i felt he had betrayed _ befriended by a police by. i felt he had betrayed us, _ befriended by a police by. i felt he had betrayed us, basically, - befriended by a police by. i felt he had betrayed us, basically, but. befriended by a police by. i felt he had betrayed us, basically, but i i had betrayed us, basically, buti didn't know until the inquiry and all it has emerged just how personal details he had conveyed to mi5 about me, and also my friends and family. the inquiry opened in 2020. it currently involves nearly 250 participants and so far it has cost over £64 million. it has emerged down the decades, as well as taking part in protests, the undercover officers spied on bereaved families, usernames of dead children as part

of their cover, and in some cases had sexual elation ships with the women they were targeting. that was jim kelly reporting. scientists say they've found the first evidence of low—frequency gravitational waves that are thought to be constantly rolling through space. the leading theory is that the waves are caused by the merger of supermassive black holes at the heart of distant galaxies, as our science correspondent, pallab ghosh reports. up in space, at the heart of every galaxy is thought to be a gigantic black hole. here's a real picture of the one at the centre of our own milky way. it's four million times the mass of our sun. it became that big by colliding with other huge black holes inside other galaxies. astronomers atjodrell bank and across the world think they've detected some of these cataclysmic events. pulsars, which are like nature's clocks, really. 0n the dish of the giant lovell

telescope, dr hannah middleton tells me that ideas on how galaxies merge and grow have all been theoretical — until maybe now. we believe that galaxies and the black holes at the centre of them grow over time by mergers. but we haven't got evidence for this as yet. so if this is the signature of these mergers, it teaches us about the formation of galaxies throughout the universe. astronomers have made the detections by measuring the signals coming from spinning objects in space called pulsars, which are flashing stars at the end of their lives. pulsars are the lighthouses of the universe, sending out bursts of radio waves at regular intervals. the researchers noticed that something was changing their speed ever so slightly. they think that it's caused by gravitational waves constantly bombarding the earth. and the source, they believe, is giant black holes

in orbit around each other, all across space. these are at the heart of distant galaxies orbiting each other. the forces between them are so powerful that they distort time and space and send ripples of gravitational waves across the universe. the lovell telescope is among a network of observatories that have picked up these gravitational waves. astronomers want to use them to study the black holes. currently, the signal that we're seeing is a noisy background from all over space. it's a bit like being in a noisy restaurant with people talking all around you. what we hope is that in the near future, we'll be able to zoom in and listen to some individual conversations, take the measurements from individual black holes and be able to really zoom in and study them. the researchers now have a new way to study the cosmos. they hope to learn how galaxies formed and discover new things that may reveal how the universe first came into existence. pallab ghosh, bbc news, at the

lovell telescope atjodrell bank. with us now is professor michael kramer from the max planck institute for radio astronomy in bonn, germany. he leads one of the groups that made the discovery — the european pulsar timing array consortium. that is quite a title. thank you so much forjoining us. i must admit, i'm not an expert, but i find it fascinating. i'm not an expert, but i find it fascinating-— i'm not an expert, but i find it fascinatina. , ., , fascinating. tell me why it matters. thank you- — fascinating. tell me why it matters. thank you- of _ fascinating. tell me why it matters. thank you. of course, _ fascinating. tell me why it matters. thank you. of course, it _ fascinating. tell me why it matters. thank you. of course, it is - fascinating. tell me why it matters. thank you. of course, it is a - thank you. of course, it is a collaboration of many. we tried to observe these pulses to open up a new window to space. we have gravitational waves detected at high frequency, is now we have constructed the galaxy —sized detector to open up another frequency window, giving us access

to new sources that we didn't see. we try to understand how these galaxies were, we try to understand how our own galaxy form. if it happens, they are still mysteries. this knowledge today gives us some clue towards these processes and try to understand where our galaxy came from. , to understand where our galaxy came from. . ., to understand where our galaxy came from. , ., , ., to understand where our galaxy came from. , ., y., from. tell us how you came upon the discove . from. tell us how you came upon the discovery- we _ from. tell us how you came upon the discovery. we have _ from. tell us how you came upon the discovery. we have been _ from. tell us how you came upon the discovery. we have been doing - from. tell us how you came upon the discovery. we have been doing this i discovery. we have been doing this experiment — discovery. we have been doing this experiment for _ discovery. we have been doing this experiment for many _ discovery. we have been doing this experiment for many years, - discovery. we have been doing this experiment for many years, 25 - discovery. we have been doing this. experiment for many years, 25 years long in europe. we are watching what you just heard about and monitor to see what the squeezing and stretching of space—time, what the wave passes in the system, changes, how they arrive here. and the arrival times of these pulses, they

measure in microseconds. by comparing different arrival times against the other sources in the sky, we are able to find the subtle differences. sky, we are able to find the subtle differences-— sky, we are able to find the subtle differences. now you've discovered these really — differences. now you've discovered these really subtle _ differences. now you've discovered these really subtle differences, - these really subtle differences, what does that now allow you to have a greater understanding? what what does that now allow you to have a greater understanding?— what does that now allow you to have a greater understanding? what we try to do is try to — a greater understanding? what we try to do is try to understand _ a greater understanding? what we try to do is try to understand what - a greater understanding? what we try to do is try to understand what is - to do is try to understand what is the process that makes these monster black holes, the biggest ones in the universe you can think of, make them finally emerge and grow in size? we don't understand the process. we hope to understand it in the future. furthermore, we will be able soon to identify single black hole pairs that are in certain directions. 0nce that are in certain directions. once we have localised time, we can use our standard telescopes to watch them closely. a further step into them closely. a further step into the future, we may be able to

understand the theories of gravity better. we try to understand the universe, dark matter and so on, and this may give us a hint into the future, whether gravity is still described by einstein's theory. there are more steps of knowledge we can achieve by favouring this experiment. can achieve by favouring this experiment-_ can achieve by favouring this experiment. can achieve by favouring this exeriment. ., , . ,, ,., can achieve by favouring this exeriment. ., . ,, experiment. professor, thank you so much. fascinating _ experiment. professor, thank you so much. fascinating stuff. _ fans of the us singer, madonna, will have to wait a bit longer to see her back on stage. the 64—year—old, material girl singer, has postponed her world tour after a stay in intensive care. her representatives say she suffered from a serious bacterial infection, but is expected to make a full recovery. do stay with us, we will return to the streets of paris. there is a

peace march due this afternoon. all the detail there on the live page of the detail there on the live page of the bbc news website, so you can keep up with the details on that. also on the website, lots of details about the rwanda ruling, the government's plan to deport migrants to rwanda deemed unlawful. stay with us on bbc news. hello again. we had some much needed rain crossing the southeast of england this morning and it will continue to pull away onto the new continent, leaving us with a dry and a bright and sunny afternoon with just a few showers. also going to feel fresher today across england and wales and the fresh air is following in behind this cold front which will move away onto the continent. we've also got this weather front across the west, that's introducing thicker cloud and some showers. it's going to be crossing eastwards. not all of us will catch a shower in scotland, though. that could be heavy and also thundery. but a lot of dry weather, a fair bit of sunshine.

and as the cloud bubbles up through the day, that in itself could produce the odd isolated shower here and there. breezy across the north west of scotland. breezy across the south west of england, with highs up to about 22. now through this evening into overnight, there'll be clear skies for a time, but further showers crossing the north of scotland could also be heavy and thundery by the end of the night and other fronts coming into the west with its cloud, showery outbreaks of rain and it's going to turn more humid in the west. so here's the front in the west. it will be moving eastwards through the course of tomorrow, bumping into this ridge of high pressure. that means to start the day, many central and eastern areas will be dry with some sunshine. but our weather front moving in from the west towards the east will bring in some rain, the heaviest of which will be across northern ireland, central in southern scotland and also northern england. it will be lighter and more patchy farther south, but it's going to be quite a murky afternoon with temperatures 15 to about 20 degrees. now, friday night, that front

crosses us and early on saturday we've got a second front which is moving away, taking its rain with it, its overnight rain. and then behind that, a lot of dry weather, a fair bit of sunshine, but we'll have some heavy showers once again moving across the north of scotland, some of them merging. and here, too, it is going to be windy potentially. we could see some gales across the far north of scotland and it's all tied in with this area of low pressure, which will be with us on sunday as well. look at the squeeze on those isobars. so not only are we going to see some prolonged spells of rain in the far north of scotland, we could well see some gales, some heavy rain coming into the west, push farther south, a drier day, but some showers coming in in the westerly wind with highs of 22.

there is a real risk that persons sent to rwanda would be returned to their home countries where they face persecution or other inhumane treatment, when in fact they have a good claim for asylum. the government is to appeal the decision. also on the programme: