hello, i'm lewis vaughanjones. you're watching the context on bbc news. the uk is failing on a major climate pledge to help struggling nations, according to a memo seen by the bbc. the uk government looks set to break its flagship climate and nature funding promise for developing countries — this is according to an internal government document seen by the bbc. let's remind ourselves of the pledge itself. in 2019, borisjohnson committed to double the uk's spending on international climate finance to £11.6 billion by 2026. but the document seen by the bbc suggests that the government is so far behind on delivering on that promise that it would have to spend 83% of the total foreign

aid budget by 2026 to reach it. earlier, i spoke with michael wilkins, executive director of the centre for climate finance and investment at imperial college london. it's a little bit of a surprise if indeed it's true that the government will be remeasuring on its previous commitments of international climate finance, especially given that we're in the run—up to the next climate change summit taking place in november, in the united arab emirates where this topic is bound to come up. and the uk's commitments, which were hopeful in glasgow only two years ago at cop26, will be looked into question. so it was a bit surprising when i saw it this morning. what kind of difference is this money do to make? —— due to make? well, you have to put into context,

really, in terms of the amount of funding required to tackle the causes and the effects of climate change in the developing world. the poorer countries need massive amounts of investment, and they are just not getting it. you know, only a fraction of the $100 billion per annum has actually been transferred from the rich countries of the world to the poorer countries to tackle climate change. and the pledge by the uk government, which was put before only in 2019 under the conservative manifesto back then, was to use the international climate finance to tackle renewable energy investment infrastructure, and also to help deforestation in developing countries. just also, what's the logic of making this commitment public in the first place, and some of the thinking behind this transfer of money from richer countries to poorer countries

in this way? yeah, the logic stems from the fact that climate change is down to the stock of greenhouse gas emissions in the atmosphere. and over the past 150—200 years or so, the majority of that greenhouse gas emissions stock has come from the richer countries of the world, including the uk. but it is the poorer countries of the world, especially those in the global south, which are experiencing the worst impacts of climate change. that lays out some of the issues. let's put this forward to our panel. justine greening, former conservative cabinet minister, and haygar shumali, former us government adviser —

and now host of the political satire series oh my world. justine, what do you make of this memo, unconfirmed of course, but this memo seeming to suggest the government is a long way off? i’m government is a long way off? i'm not surprised _ government is a long way off? in not surprised in a way, because you had these two contradictory things happen in back—to—back years. in 2019, then prime minister boris johnson made a significant commitment, as we've heard, on climate finance — but then the following year, his then chancellor, rishi sunak, also made a significant statement which was that the uk would back away from its pledge on 0.7% gni, which we should reached, down to 0.5%. so at the very time the prime minister was increasing our commitment, the same time, the chancellor was reducing the budget to pay for it. so i think it is ironic that the same chancellor is now the prime minister and having to confront the reality of that

decision to cut back on the aid budget, and therefore this will be reputation only damaging for the uk if it does turn out to be the case that we won't be able to honour a commitment we made, a key international climate conference —— at a key international. but at the same time, we have to recognise that it will, the cost of some hugely important programmes on girls education, water and sanitation, health, education, all sorts of work that really helps support people in development across the world, and of course the humanitarian budget that we have to be able to support countries that suddenly find themselves hit by typhoons, earthquakes, and the like, humanitarian work that the uk does thatis humanitarian work that the uk does that is truly world leading and hugely impactful.— that is truly world leading and hugely impactful. these are huge issues, hugely impactful. these are huge issues. the _ hugely impactful. these are huge issues, the us _ hugely impactful. these are huge issues, the us is _ hugely impactful. these are huge issues, the us is absolutely - issues, the us is absolutely instrumental to the success or failure of any of this?-

instrumental to the success or failure of any of this? well listen, the four major— failure of any of this? well listen, the four major emitters _ failure of any of this? well listen, the four major emitters of- the four major emitters of greenhouse gases include china first, _ greenhouse gases include china first, most currently, the us historically and in general, the eu and indie — historically and in general, the eu and india. and nobody is on track to meeting _ and india. and nobody is on track to meeting their goals, the eu is the one that _ meeting their goals, the eu is the one that fares the best. and in general, — one that fares the best. and in general, from the us, i've always found _ general, from the us, i've always found that — general, from the us, i've always found that the leaders in europe in general— found that the leaders in europe in general and the found that the leaders in europe in generaland the uk found that the leaders in europe in general and the uk have always been stronger— general and the uk have always been stronger on— general and the uk have always been stronger on this and more united politically— stronger on this and more united politically on these efforts the end we have _ politically on these efforts the end we have been here in the us, where we have been here in the us, where we face _ we have been here in the us, where we face a _ we have been here in the us, where we face a divide. that said, we also in the _ we face a divide. that said, we also in the us— we face a divide. that said, we also in the us are — we face a divide. that said, we also in the us are not on track to make the pledge — in the us are not on track to make the pledge we made in 2005 to reduce greenhouse gases in half by 2030. president — greenhouse gases in half by 2030. president biden, and passing a bill called _ president biden, and passing a bill called the — president biden, and passing a bill called the inflation reduction act last fall, — called the inflation reduction act last fall, has put in place all sorts— last fall, has put in place all sorts of— last fall, has put in place all sorts of measures to cut greenhouse -as sorts of measures to cut greenhouse gas emissions to net zero by 2050. so we _ gas emissions to net zero by 2050. so we will— gas emissions to net zero by 2050. so we will see if that works, for all of—

so we will see if that works, for all of it. — so we will see if that works, for all of it. i— so we will see if that works, for all of it, i think the lesson we are learning — all of it, i think the lesson we are learning is— all of it, i think the lesson we are learning is that given increasing economy— learning is that given increasing economy and industry, given the ukraine — economy and industry, given the ukraine warand trying economy and industry, given the ukraine war and trying to cut out dependence on russian oil, there have _ dependence on russian oil, there have been— dependence on russian oil, there have been a lot of setbacks obviously in this effort. and if there's— obviously in this effort. and if there's one thing — and i don't think— there's one thing — and i don't think i— there's one thing — and i don't think i would ever say that — a lesson— think i would ever say that — a lesson that _ think i would ever say that — a lesson that can be learned here from china, _ lesson that can be learned here from china, white — lesson that can be learned here from china, while it is the worst admit are by— china, while it is the worst admit are by far— china, while it is the worst admit are by far right now, they apparently will reach their peak soon _ apparently will reach their peak soon and — apparently will reach their peak soon and start going downhill because — soon and start going downhill because of how much they invested in renewable _ because of how much they invested in renewable energy, and will start shifting — renewable energy, and will start shifting away from coal. so this is the lesson— shifting away from coal. so this is the lesson for all of us. interesting, thank you both, we'll be back with you in just a moment. we're going to look at encryption — super—secure messaging. the uk's landmark 0nline safety bill is progressing to the next stage on its way to potentially outlawing that level of encryption. childrens' charity the nspcc says it's survey shows people want tech firms like meta to build in ways for private messages to be read

in order to protect children. but an open letter has been written by nearly 70 academics that argues any tampering will effectively break encryption and harm the privacy for billions of users around the world. to help explain it all, i spoke with drjanis wong, postdoctoral research associate at the alan turing institute — a research group working on data science and artificial intelligence. i'm a strong advocate for complete encryption, and one thing i think is useful to understand in this context is that either everyone has a safe and secure means of communicating with this help of encryption, or nobody does. so it's fairly black—and—white... so talk us through that, because that's really clear, it's black and white, either it's encrypted and secure, nobody can see it, or everyone can. why is that, why can't there be a system where it's just police

or certain regulators in certain limited circumstances where they're worried about criminal activity or whatever, that they can see it but no—one else can? yes, exactly, so with a back door to encryption, as was explained earlier, there's no way in which we can separate the good actors — so speaking about police and law enforcement authorities — to separate from the bad actors, like hackers, because it requires companies to essentially have a copy and access to everyone's messages all the time. so when there are bad actors that come into play, it makes things tricky in terms of where we allow access. but can you see the worry of many parents, for example, their children, potential whatever it is, criminal contact from adults, they'll want a way of tracing that and being able to hand out over

so police can prosecute? —— hand that over. yes, absolutely, i think that of course, the protection of children is paramount and fundamental to our societies and our communities. but, if having and being able to break encryption or removing and outlawing encryption was the solution, there would be a separate bill for that for example, as opposed to itjust being one part of the 0nline safety bill. and these tech companies and nonprofit organisations that have been critical of removing encryption have suggested amendments be made to the bill that explicitly says that there are methods — or methods should be employed to so we can allow for the same protections without having to break encryption. so it is a very tricky issue, we will bring our panel back in. justine, let's start with you,

where'd you sit on this? i think there are _ where'd you sit on this? i think there are some _ where'd you sit on this? i think there are some principles - where'd you sit on this? i think| there are some principles here, which is that nobody has perfect freedom. if we want to live in an ordered society that has rules to protect all of us, and actually that necessarily curtails our freedoms, then i think we have to accept that — for me, this extends onto what we've been talking about, and i do think governments need to have ways in which they can set some rules around this end to end encryption, meaning it is literally an open door for all sorts of child abuse and potential terrorism issues to flourish. and i recognise that this is usually complex, and i do not put myself forward as a tech expert on this, but on two points — one, if i want to have someone accountable on

this, i'd rather it be a government because some of them are democratically elected, then a big corporation where we have no control — we've onlyjust seen the change of ownership in twitter, for example. and two, we've had these sorts of issues with technology — prince harry has been caught up against uk newspapers because he alleges they've hacked his phone. so all technologies will be susceptible to people who have bad intentions, but that doesn't mean it can suddenly be off—limits to government who have laws in place to protect all of us as a society. laws in place to protect all of us as a society-— as a society. and 'ust briefly, what side of the _ as a society. and 'ust briefly, what side of the fence — as a society. and just briefly, what side of the fence are _ as a society. and just briefly, what side of the fence are you _ as a society. and just briefly, what side of the fence are you on? - as a society. and just briefly, what side of the fence are you on? i - side of the fence are you on? i thinkjustine was more diplomatic than i _ thinkjustine was more diplomatic than i an — thinkjustine was more diplomatic than i an i— thinkjustine was more diplomatic than i am, i agree with her, and i think— than i am, i agree with her, and i thinkthe— than i am, i agree with her, and i think the commentator you had before was naive _ think the commentator you had before was naive and dangerous, the idea of

complete _ was naive and dangerous, the idea of complete and utter privacy is a dangerous idea, and you're talking about— dangerous idea, and you're talking about living in a society where people — about living in a society where people should have the freedom to use technology or what's up to communicate freely as criminals, then— communicate freely as criminals, then why— communicate freely as criminals, then why not let them use bank accounts — then why not let them use bank accounts to do the same thing? i worked _ accounts to do the same thing? i worked in — accounts to do the same thing? i worked in counterterrorism for a long _ worked in counterterrorism for a long time — worked in counterterrorism for a long time and might 12 years at the us government, and had we not had access— us government, and had we not had access to _ us government, and had we not had access to certain conversations or intelligence, we wouldn't have been able to— intelligence, we wouldn't have been able to track down or prevent terrorist _ able to track down or prevent terrorist attacks. and that's just a terrorism — terrorist attacks. and that's just a terrorism piece, i'm not even going into the _ terrorism piece, i'm not even going into the child peace. if tech firms feel so— into the child peace. if tech firms feel so strongly about end to end encryption and everybody should be able to _ encryption and everybody should be able to use it, then perhaps they should _ able to use it, then perhaps they should place more rules against allowing — should place more rules against allowing criminals of all kind to abuse — allowing criminals of all kind to abuse and exploit their platforms for their— abuse and exploit their platforms for their nefarious behaviour. . so i'm for their nefarious behaviour. . so im on— for their nefarious behaviour. . so im on the — for their nefarious behaviour. . so i'm on the side ofjustine here and i'm on the side ofjustine here and i'm a— i'm on the side ofjustine here and i'm a bit— i'm on the side ofjustine here and i'm a bit more blunt about it. thank ou i'm a bit more blunt about it. thank you very much _ i'm a bit more blunt about it. thank you very much to — i'm a bit more blunt about it. thank you very much to you _ i'm a bit more blunt about it. thank you very much to you both. - around the world and across the uk, this is bbc news.

bbc news — bringing you different stories from across the uk. i ended up runntng a vineyard at the age of 20 kind of by chance. before me and my family moved here, i had no experience with farming or vintage culture. i think the most rewarding part of thejob, which i've experienced quite a lot lately, is people smiling when they try my wine. all the blood, sweat and tears i've put into it, turning into this moment where people try a wine and they sort of think, "yeah, that's really nice." wine—growing really has become all—consuming — but i love it. it's an industry that doesn't have a lot of young people. it doesn't have a lot of young people who, like, sort of, i don't know, rock music and have a funny mullet. winning an award at winegb gold is fantastic for me, because i feel i deserve it — i don't mean that in an arrogant way, it's just nice for people to finally recognise all the hard work you're putting in.

you're live with bbc news. taking you live, we have these pictures coming in to hearfrom tel aviv, and israel. these are protests, people out on the street right now — i want to make absolutely clear, this is not to do with the military operation in that we've been covering over the last few days, this is a separate issue. people on the streets here in tel aviv protesting after the city's police commander said on wednesday that he was quitting the police force. the reason he gave was that the political intervention by members of prime minister netanyahu's cabinet, right—wing neta nyahu's cabinet, right—wing cabinet netanyahu's cabinet, right—wing cabinet whom he wanted excessive force used against antigovernment

protesters. so that police chief quit on wednesday — the reason given saying that it was impossible to do the job with political intervention by prime minister benjamin netanyahu's cabinet, and as a result of that, protesters have now come out onto the streets, as you can see there, in tel aviv. we will keep monitoring those pictures for you, and keep you across any developments. now it's time for the panel. this is the part of the programme where our panelists get to talk about something they want to talk about, within reason, i should stress. so the story that's really caught my attention— so the story that's really caught my attention is that hong kong authorities are issuing bounties, paying _ authorities are issuing bounties, paying individuals around the world

$120,000 us for information on exiled _ $120,000 us for information on exiled dissidents. and i've been feeling — exiled dissidents. and i've been feeling very strongly about human rights _ feeling very strongly about human rights in _ feeling very strongly about human rights in general and have followed very closely what's happened in china _ very closely what's happened in china and — very closely what's happened in china and hong kong, and other dictatorships. and i don't know what made them — dictatorships. and i don't know what made them cross the threshold from a ruthless— made them cross the threshold from a ruthless dictatorship to a bounty hunter _ ruthless dictatorship to a bounty hunter - — ruthless dictatorship to a bounty hunter — and it's absurd, but it highlights _ hunter — and it's absurd, but it highlights to you how threatened the chinese _ highlights to you how threatened the chinese government and hong kong authorities are by these brave and loud dissidents and democracy activists — loud dissidents and democracy activists. months ago in the us, we had a _ activists. months ago in the us, we had a secret— activists. months ago in the us, we had a secret chinese police station set up _ had a secret chinese police station set up in new york to essentially spy set up in new york to essentially spy on and — set up in new york to essentially spy on and threaten dissidents. sol thought i_ spy on and threaten dissidents. sol thought i might highlight the story because it really pushes things to another realm when you're talking about _ another realm when you're talking about a dictator trying to carry out its oppression around the world. if i had _ its oppression around the world. if i had a chinese dissident sitting in

my house. — i had a chinese dissident sitting in my house, there's literally no way i would _ my house, there's literally no way i would accept any amount of payment to give _ would accept any amount of payment to give information on them. it�*s to give information on them. it's certainly a _ to give information on them. it�*s certainly a story that the recent history of hong kong, of course the connections to the uk, if many people follow closely as well. justine, let's come to you and your topic, what do you want to talk about? , ' , ., , about? very different story actually. — about? very different story actually, this _ about? very different story actually, this is _ about? very different story actually, this is about - about? very different story actually, this is about the l about? very different story i actually, this is about the long tail of covid and the impact it's having right into the centre of london, in canary wharf. back in the 19805, london, in canary wharf. back in the 1980s, a big regeneration plan from margaret thatcher's government to really regenerate that bit of london, many of the biggest businesses in the city, like hsbc, have been stable parts of that neighbourhood — but now post—covid, they're finding out that they just don't need the office space, so that same hsbc is now saying it'll leave the canary wharf, giving up its lease so it'll be out by 2027, so

other countries are already following suit. 0ne other countries are already following suit. one thing margaret thatcher also said was that you can't buck the market, but the market you can't buck is the talent market. people will stay working, and if she were here now, she'd probably be telling whoever the london mayor is after the next election that they need to get ahead of that curve and start doing a bit of that curve and start doing a bit of city planning, rather than just seeing this drip of what's happening in canary wharf. seeing this drip of what's happening in canary wharf-— in canary wharf. fascinating stuff, really interesting _ in canary wharf. fascinating stuff, really interesting stories, - in canary wharf. fascinating stuff, really interesting stories, thank. really interesting stories, thank you both very much, justine greening and hager s raleigh, former us governor adviser, thank you both. a bit of breaking news that's come into us just in the last few minutes, i'm afraid it's a bit distressing — we don't have any details, but i want to bring what i do have, this is coming from our

correspondent saying 2a people have been found dead following gas inhalation in south africa. so 2a people, including women and children, have died as a result of a suspected nitrate gas inhalation. emergency services officials there have told the bbc that the gas leak could be linked to illegal mining activity near an informal settlement on the east ofjohannesburg — so this is east ofjohannesburg, south africa, 2a people have died as a result of a suspected nitrate gas inhalation. that is the full detail we have at the moment, but we will of course work to bring you more details on that. at the moment, i'm a lewis vaughanjones, this is bbc

news. hello from the bbc sport centre, i'm marc eedwards. let's start with the cricket. england's women have kept their ashes hopes alive with a thrilling three—run victory over australia in the must—win second t20 at the 0val. danni wyatt's 76 from 46 balls propelled england to 186—9, their highest—ever t20 total against the world champions. the spinners then had the lion's share of the wickets, with sophie ecclestone picking up her 100th in t20 internationals the fastest bowler to do so. australia needed an unlikely 22 to win from the final over and fell short on 183—8, despite ellyse perry's two sixes from the last two balls. it's australia's first t20 defeat since the spring of 2021, but it still means that england trail 6—2 in the multi—format series, and need a total of nine points in order to regain the ashes.

let's go to wimbledon, where it's been an action packed day following tuesday�*s wash—out. 23—time grand slam winner novak djokovic is through to the third round, while top seed on the women's side, iga swiatek, continued her pursuit of a maiden wimbledon title with victory on centre court. chethan pathek rounds up the day's play for us. wednesday saw more rain delays here at wimbledon, as well as two separate protests that took place on court 18 next to me. the first saw a man and woman running out onto that court, throwing confetti and jigsaw pieces. they're environmental protesters who belong tojust stop 0il, and a few hours later in a separate match, a man ran out and repeated the same actions. three people have been arrested, we've seen increased security checks from the start due to fears that this could happen with other british sporting events having been targeted recently. in terms of the tennis itself, it was business as normal for novak djokovic, no stopping him

at the moment, through to the third round goes the favourite for roger federer, equalling eight wimbledon singles titles. his opponent causing him some trouble at times, but nothing to worry djokovic to round. also through his iga swiatek, hoping to win her first wimbledon title. and the match of the day was arguably on court two, seeing stefanos tsitsipas beating dominic thiem beating in a final set tie—break. it is andy murray who awaits tsitsipas in that second round on thursday. there were also winds on wednesday for daniel medvedev, francis tiafoe, young ben shelton behind me, sloane stephens, whilst maria sakkari was beaten in three sets by ukraine's marta kostyuk.

there's a new leader of the tour de france after a hard day of racing in the pyrenees. australia's jai hindley has taken the yellow jersey from britain's adam yates, who's now in fifth place. hindley leads the race by 47 seconds from defending champion jonas vingegaard. drew savage has been watching the action for us. adam yates and his co—team leader, tadej pogacar, had impressed so far, started the day first and second, but this was their first big test in the high mountains. they had to use all their team's resources to chase down two breakaway groups, and they had almost made it when jai hindley attacked. the results wre instant — yates began to lose his grip on the yellowjersey, dropping out of his group, and then the defending champion launched himself up the road after hindley.

at the head of a four—man chasing group, jonas vingegaard got the australian's lead but couldn't catch him. hindley picked up four stage win in his first tour de france, jakes and podge car had lost over a minute and a half. another hard day in the mountains, but for now, a moment to savourforjay in the mountains, but for now, a moment to savour forjay hindley. drew savage, bbc news. mason mount has completed his transfer from chelsea to manchester united for an initial £55 million. the 24—year—old midfielder, who came through chelsea's academy, is united's first signing of the summer and has joined on a five—year contract. england have reached theirfirst european under—21 championship final since 2009 after beating israel 3—0 in georgia. morgan gibbs—white opened the scoring in the 42nd minute having missed an earlier penalty. manchester city forward cole palmer made it two before substitute cameron archer made sure of the win

as he smashed in england's third. the young lions, who are still yet to concede a goal in the tournament, will play either ukraine or spain in saturday's final, as they look to win the competition for the first time since 1984. and that's all the sport for now. from me and the rest of the team, bye—bye. hello there. wednesday on the whole has been a quieter day with some sunny spells. there have been a few scattered showers. so from time to time, looking up in the sky, some threatening—looking shower clouds, as you can see from this weather watcher picture sent in from luce, in kent. but tuesday's heavy, persistent rain moved off into the near continent. today has been a quieter story, as you can see from that satellite picture. a few scattered showers which will gradually fade through the night. we'll have some clearing skies and temperatures falling away. so it'll be a comfortable night for getting a good night's sleep. 8—11 celsius to greet us first thing on thursday morning. 0n the whole, thursday will continue to be dry,

settled, and sunny for most. but we have got this area of low pressure pushing in from the west. winds will strengthen ahead of it, gusts perhaps in excess of 40mph. and there will be some wetter weather moving towards northern ireland, and gradually by the end of the afternoon into western fringes of scotland. potentially clouding over with a few isolated showers into wales and southwest england. best of the sunshine in the southeast with highs of 22 celsius. so that bodes well for wimbledon. there's plenty of sport to look out for at the moment. thursday, dry, warm, and humid on friday. could trigger some thunderstorms on saturday. and we've got another test, starting this time in headingley, in leeds. a beautiful start, but there could be some sharp showers into the weekend. let's take a look at those in more detail. on thursday, the rain will be moving out of northern ireland and into the early hours of friday morning, it'll be pushing through scotland. so we start off on friday morning with some showery outbreaks of rain to the north and west, but further south we'll once again see some clearer skies.

but this frontal system will tend to lingerfor a time. it's going to tap into some very warm and humid air as we move into friday. hence the reason we'll see this northwest—southeast divide. so some showery outbreaks of rain into northern ireland and western scotland. eastern scotland, england, wales dry, settled, sunny and increasingly hot and humid, 28—29 celsius can't be ruled out by the middle of the afternoon. that runs the risk of more thunderstorms as we move into the weekend, hence the reason for those showers for both wimbledon and for headingley. those fronts will push in and move steadily north and east. so into the weekend, sunny spells and scattered showers and a little bit fresher.

tonight at ten... we're in edinburgh where the king has been presented with the crown jewels of scotland.