cold winter in northern scotland but at least there will be some of the day that is going to be a bit drier here. temperature is below average across the board. the saturday, the strong winds will be working a little further eastwards. these wins will be strong enough to bring some localised disruption, strong enough to bring down a few tree branches but rather than the persistent heavy rain many of us will see on friday, saturday is a day of sunshine and showers but there will be loads of those showers was not heavy with hail and thunder and a day where i think many places will see two or three showers during the course of the day the step temperature is still a little below par for the time of year. any change from sunday into next week? not really, unsettled. it won't be raining all the time, there will be some world in spells of sunshine per step you could get a downpour that could catch you out. could get a downpour that could catch you out-— could get a downpour that could catch you out. thank you, chris. that is the _ catch you out. thank you, chris. that is the sac— catch you out. thank you, chris. that is the bbc news _ catch you out. thank you, chris. that is the bbc news at - catch you out. thank you, chris. that is the bbc news at ten. i catch you out. thank you, chris. i that is the bbc news at ten. there is more analysis of the day's main stories on newsnight with kirsty are just getting under way on bbc two. the news continues here on bbc one, as now it is time to join the news continues here on bbc one, as now it is time tojoin our colleagues across the nations and

regions for the news where you are. from the ten i don't know, but i've been told. our government is mighty cold. from london to leeds to liverpool, more than 2a,000 junior doctors have begun a five—day long strike, rejecting 6% in pursuit of 35%. but rishi sunak has had enough. today's offer is final. there will be no more talks on pay. we will not negotiate again on this year's settlements and no amount of strikes will change our decision. as the prime minister reaches a deal with thousands of public sector workers in england,

the doctors say they won't settle. so with no more government negoitations, will there be more strikes instead? we'll be speaking to a junior doctor, the chief operating officer of a hospital trust and a health expert. also tonight, are we about to find out what's in those whatsapps sent to borisjohnson at the height of the pandemic, as tonight his elusive missing pin number emerges. we'll be joined by someone who just might be able to explain what's going on. and with southern europe suffering almost ubearable temperatures. how well is our housing stock designed when it comes to coping with searing heat? we'll ask a cambridge professor how to future proof our houses against the great global warming. good evening. the deal today in front of the majority of the more than a million public sector workers in england, could be spun as a win for both the trades union's negotiators and the government, but the extra pay has to be funded from within individual departments' existing budgets — that means they'll have to dig deep

to find savings to pay for the settlements. but it seems there is a possible path ahead. tonight however, we're going to focus on a much more intractable problem. junior doctors in england. today they made nhs history when they began the longest ever continuous strike — they'll be out for five days. the 6% they've been offered falls far short of the 35% phased increase they are demanding, but rishi sunak made it clear — pay negotiatons are over. so what happens next? we'll discuss that in a moment but first here's nick. first of all, what happened to get this over the line today? $5 first of all, what happened to get this over the line today?- this over the line today? as you sa , this over the line today? as you say. rishi _ this over the line today? as you say, rishi sunak _ this over the line today? as you say, rishi sunak announced - this over the line today? as you l say, rishi sunak announced today that he is accepting recommendations from the independent pay review bodies for various sectors and public sector workers, from 5% to 7%. the treasury had agreed to fund 3.5%. jeremy hunt the chancellor said you have to find the extra funding and they'll do that in two ways. 2 billion this year and 3 billion next year, coming from existing government departments

budgets and 1.4 billion over two years will come from raising visa fees for migrant workers and access to the nhs for migrant workers. i spoke to a minister at the heart of this and they said they had absolutely no choice but to accept these recommendations. the view was that we cannot, as ministers come at the start of the strike and say that the start of the strike and say that the body is sacrosanct. that wouldn't have worked but i'm told they were shocked. they'd expected they were shocked. they'd expected the recommendations would begin with five and as we saw it was six, six .5 and in one case, 7%.— five and as we saw it was six, six .5 and in one case, 7%. you have extra information _ .5 and in one case, 7%. you have extra information about - .5 and in one case, 7%. you have extra information about how - .5 and in one case, 7%. you have extra information about how this| .5 and in one case, 7%. you have - extra information about how this has been worked out.— been worked out. there are mixed feelinus been worked out. there are mixed feelings about _ been worked out. there are mixed feelings about this. _ been worked out. there are mixed feelings about this. in _ been worked out. there are mixed feelings about this. in the - feelings about this. in the education world they are quite happy because the money has to come from the education department, school budget protected. the nhs confederation aren't sure, they don't think areas are protected so where is it coming from in existing departments? as i understand it in

some departments they will go in and take money from the capital budget, budgets for long—term projects. that's four buildings. you wouldn't normally use capital budgets to fund day—to—day spending. that's quite a big thing. they're going to use under spence, a department not spending all of its allocation, they will use that. this is permanent spending, these pay rises are forever so you are finding permanent spending through underspending which is quite a legacy to hand over to whoever maybe in government next year. the view in government is that they think they've been generous this year and the pay settlement next year, i'm told, will not be generous because they hope by then inflation will be under control. we'll hear from you later, thank you. there were thousands of doctors on picket lines all over england today. some will be passionately commited to staying here, working in the nhs. others will be wondering if it's time for a sojourn in a hospital

in australia, some may leave medicine behind altogether. we'll be joined by one in a moment, but first here's our insights editor, joe pike. i don't know but i've been told... our government is mighty cold. at 7am, the five—day strike started, but by lunchtime a lot had changed. more than a million public sector workers in england and wales will now get a pay rise of 6% or more. i can confirm today that we are accepting the headline recommendations of the pay review bodies in full. education unions are preparing to call off industrial action. and ministers are piling the pressure on junior doctors to scrap their strikes. industrial action, strikes, make it far harderfor us to cut the backlogs. we've already had 500,000 people's outpatient appointments cancelled. i would urge consultants and junior doctors to accept the recommendations of the independent pay review body. but the bma says

this pay offer fails staff and industrial action will continue. the sense of anger and frustration in the doctor workforce, i think has been underestimated. 98% of doctors have voted yes to going on strike action. they're making plans to leave the country, leave the profession if we don't get a credible pay offer. we are acutely aware this is the very last chance of saving our profession in this country. it's the last roll of the dice. it's the last chance saloon. it's every single one of those cliches, because it's true. raj arora knows the high pressure and low morale of the job. she says she burnt out as a junior doctor. the actualjob itself is fun, you know, it's high pressured. you learn a lot. you have really good banter with your colleagues, a real nice spirit and culture in the a&e department. but obviously it's very pressurizing and there are moments where you are understaffed. if you've got a backlog of waiting hours and you've got lots of patients waiting, you're starting a shift quite quickly. that doom can set in because,

you know, you've got eight or 10 hours shift ahead of you. you might not get a break, you might not have time to eat something, you know. so you're already thinking, oh gosh, and when you're doing that night after night, it can take a toll. she argues she now has a better quality of life, by balancing work as an nhs gp with private practice. quite proud to say that we have an nhs here in the uk. so i would continue to work for the nhs and i still do now. but having said that, after my period of physical burn—out and not being very well, i had to look and reflect on my life. maybe the choices that i made after that were a little bit more selfish, so they were based on time flexibility. what do i enjoy doing? morale keeps on finding new levels of low. and even some experts in the sector are struggling to see a way out of this deadlock between government and unions. not good for these staff in terms of their well—being, having these difficult industrial relations. so i think most parties are looking for some sort of resolution. the offer on the table is perhaps more than some might have expected. and compared to some groups. it doesn't represent the pay restoration that the unions were asking for.

so we just don't know how this is going to pan out. while avoiding tax rises will help rishi sunak keep his party onside, and avoiding borrowing may help him meet his target of halving inflation, another one of the pm's five pledges is cutting nhs waiting lists, and now that looks increasingly difficult to achieve. in scotland, the strikes are off with junior doctors offered a 17.5% pay rise over two years. but in england, the unprecedented industrial action continues, meaning more appointments and more operations cancelled. i'm joined now by scott mcclean, coo of university hospitals of morecambe bay, junior doctor and comedian michael akadiri, and dr layla mccay, nhs confederation policy director. we did invite the government and the bma on to the show, but they declined. we are of course happy to have you here. five days, 24,000 doctors and

more today, presumably we expect them to be out for the next four days. is there a danger that after that and the impact it actually has as they go on for the next few months, you lose public support? it's very difficult to know where we'll go. i think currently the public is behind us with our decision to strike. i think that they saw with covid, they appreciate that doctors make but that must be followed up with true appreciation, with ideally a full pay restoration. your calculation on that is 35%? yes, 35%. rishi sunak was absolutely adamant that there is no more negotiation. it's a case of, well you have to continue striking? that's what we've got available to

us to fight this back, only striking. it's interesting, there is reluctance from the government to meetjunior doctors with the pay restoration of 35%. let mps wages has gone up 36% from 2008 until 2023. junior doctors are asking for parity with the people who represent us in government.— us in government. prison guards, teachers, police, _ us in government. prison guards, teachers, police, six _ us in government. prison guards, teachers, police, six or— us in government. prison guards, teachers, police, six or 7% - us in government. prison guards, teachers, police, six or 7% and i us in government. prison guards, l teachers, police, six or 7% and you are insisting on this 35%. you talk about pay restoration but it looks like an extreme imbalance. it may seem like that _ like an extreme imbalance. it may seem like that but _ like an extreme imbalance. it may seem like that but it _ like an extreme imbalance. it may| seem like that but it demonstrates the severity of the cuts that we've had in our wage compared to 2008. what's it like being a junior doctor at the moment? we heard evidence that someone had left and gone into gp practice and a mixture of private and the nhs. it is the burn—out across the piece, do you hear that

more from junior doctors or our people thriving on it?— more from junior doctors or our people thriving on it? people become a doctor because _ people thriving on it? people become a doctor because you _ people thriving on it? people become a doctor because you want _ people thriving on it? people become a doctor because you want to - people thriving on it? people become a doctor because you want to help - a doctor because you want to help people but the problem is that the system around you is crumbling and its staff to do a good job when the system isn't there to support you and burn—out is a genuine thing. people are leaving to pursue other endeavours, people are going to australia and the like and i think the government need to be careful about their inflexibility.— about their inflexibility. turning to ou, about their inflexibility. turning to you. scott. _ about their inflexibility. turning to you, scott, you _ about their inflexibility. turning to you, scott, you are - about their inflexibility. turning to you, scott, you are joining i about their inflexibility. turning | to you, scott, you are joining us to you, scott, you arejoining us from morecambe bay hospital. describe the impact on the hospital and i want you to pick up this recognition, do you recognise that a lot ofjunior doctors are burnt out? good evening. so, the impact is significant _ good evening. so, the impact is significant. this is the longest period — significant. this is the longest period of— significant. this is the longest period of industrial action we've seen _ period of industrial action we've seen in — period of industrial action we've seen in the nhs. that's important, it affects_ seen in the nhs. that's important, it affects each patient, it affects

their_ it affects each patient, it affects their life. — it affects each patient, it affects their life, their social life and family— their life, their social life and family life so it is wrong to say it isn't _ family life so it is wrong to say it isn't impactful. the message is that the nhs _ isn't impactful. the message is that the nhs is — isn't impactful. the message is that the nhs is open for business. the urgent _ the nhs is open for business. the urgent and — the nhs is open for business. the urgent and emergency care remains in place _ urgent and emergency care remains in place the _ urgent and emergency care remains in place. the consultants... | urgent and emergency care remains in place. the consultants. . ._ place. the consultants... i want to ask ou, place. the consultants... i want to ask you. do _ place. the consultants... i want to ask you. do you — place. the consultants... i want to ask you, do you think _ place. the consultants... i want to ask you, do you think the - place. the consultants... i want to ask you, do you think the junior i ask you, do you think the junior doctors have a case for pay restoration? i doctors have a case for pay restoration?— doctors have a case for pay restoration? i think the pay restoration _ restoration? i think the pay restoration is _ restoration? i think the pay restoration is between - restoration? i think the pay restoration is between the | restoration is between the government and trade unions. i would say there _ government and trade unions. i would say there is— government and trade unions. i would say there is no nhs without our junior— say there is no nhs without our junior and — say there is no nhs without our junior and senior doctors, they work in a stressfui— junior and senior doctors, they work in a stressful environment and we support— in a stressful environment and we support their right to take industrial action but ourjob is to keep— industrial action but ourjob is to keep the — industrial action but ourjob is to keep the population safe and keep the service running and that's what we're _ the service running and that's what we're doing. the service running and that's what we're doing-— we're doing. what you're saying is that a&e is _ we're doing. what you're saying is that a&e is working, _ we're doing. what you're saying is that a&e is working, acute - we're doing. what you're saying is that a&e is working, acute is - that a&e is working, acute is working but what is the cumulative impact of this? after five days it's going to be, there is presumably

going to be, there is presumably going to be a massive impact on planned operations, on scheduled procedures. and that's adding to a backlog that exists already. it is. backlog that exists already. it is, without a doubt. _ backlog that exists already. it is, without a doubt. we've _ backlog that exists already. it is, without a doubt. we've heard there are many— without a doubt. we've heard there are many hundreds of thousands of people _ are many hundreds of thousands of people over this period of industrial action who have had appointments or operations postponed. in my organisation over these _ postponed. in my organisation over these seven days that will be 700, 800 people and that is significant. do you _ 800 people and that is significant. do you think that even 6% is affordable? i do you think that even 6% is affordable?— do you think that even 696 is affordable? , , , ., , affordable? i guess the question is, where's the — affordable? i guess the question is, where's the money _ affordable? i guess the question is, where's the money coming - affordable? i guess the question is, where's the money coming from? i affordable? i guess the question is, i where's the money coming from? we know— where's the money coming from? we know the _ where's the money coming from? we know the government _ where's the money coming from? we know the government has _ where's the money coming from? we know the government has committedj where's the money coming from? we . know the government has committed to a certain— know the government has committed to a certain amount, — know the government has committed to a certain amount, the _ know the government has committed to a certain amount, the 3.5%_ know the government has committed to a certain amount, the 3.5% that - know the government has committed to a certain amount, the 3.5% that the - a certain amount, the 3.5% that the original— a certain amount, the 3.5% that the original committee _ a certain amount, the 3.5% that the original committee took— a certain amount, the 3.5% that the original committee took and - a certain amount, the 3.5% that the original committee took and now i a certain amount, the 3.5% that the | original committee took and now we are seeing _ original committee took and now we are seeing them— original committee took and now we are seeing them committing - original committee took and now we are seeing them committing to- original committee took and now we are seeing them committing to the i are seeing them committing to the new amount, — are seeing them committing to the newanrount, it— are seeing them committing to the new amount, it really— are seeing them committing to the new amount, it really isn't - are seeing them committing to the new amount, it really isn't clear i new amount, it really isn't clear where _ new amount, it really isn't clear where it's— new amount, it really isn't clear where it's coming _ new amount, it really isn't clear where it's coming from - new amount, it really isn't clear where it's coming from but- new amount, it really isn't clear where it's coming from but i'll. new amount, it really isn't clear . where it's coming from but i'll tell you where — where it's coming from but i'll tell you where it — where it's coming from but i'll tell you where it needs— where it's coming from but i'll tell you where it needs to _ where it's coming from but i'll tell you where it needs to not - where it's coming from but i'll tell you where it needs to not come i where it's coming from but i'll tell- you where it needs to not come from, it nrustn't_ you where it needs to not come from, it mustn't come — you where it needs to not come from, it mustn't come from _ you where it needs to not come from, it mustn't come from parts— you where it needs to not come from, it mustn't come from parts of- you where it needs to not come from, it mustn't come from parts of the - it mustn't come from parts of the nhs where — it mustn't come from parts of the nhs where it— it mustn't come from parts of the nhs where it would _ it mustn't come from parts of the nhs where it would stripped - it mustn't come from parts of the nhs where it would stripped outl it mustn't come from parts of the i nhs where it would stripped out the nroney_ nhs where it would stripped out the money being — nhs where it would stripped out the money being used _ nhs where it would stripped out the money being used to _ nhs where it would stripped out the money being used to deliver- nhs where it would stripped out the| money being used to deliver services to the _ money being used to deliver services to the patients, _ money being used to deliver services to the patients, where _ money being used to deliver services to the patients, where it's—

money being used to deliver services to the patients, where it's being - to the patients, where it's being used _ to the patients, where it's being used for— to the patients, where it's being used for capital, _ to the patients, where it's being used for capital, where - to the patients, where it's being used for capital, where it- to the patients, where it's being used for capital, where it is- to the patients, where it's being. used for capital, where it is being used _ used for capital, where it is being used to— used for capital, where it is being used to mend _ used for capital, where it is being used to mend ceilings. _ used for capital, where it is being used to mend ceilings. there - used for capital, where it is being used to mend ceilings. there is l used for capital, where it is being used to mend ceilings. there is a| used to mend ceilings. there is a £10 hiiiion — used to mend ceilings. there is a £10 billion capital— used to mend ceilings. there is a £10 billion capital backlog - used to mend ceilings. there is a £10 billion capital backlog at - used to mend ceilings. there is a £10 billion capital backlog at the| £10 billion capital backlog at the moment — £10 billion capital backlog at the moment. there's— £10 billion capital backlog at the moment. there's all— £10 billion capital backlog at the moment. there's all sorts - £10 billion capital backlog at the moment. there's all sorts of. £10 billion capital backlog at the| moment. there's all sorts of real chatienges — moment. there's all sorts of real chatienges in _ moment. there's all sorts of real challenges in the _ moment. there's all sorts of real challenges in the nhs. _ moment. there's all sorts of real challenges in the nhs. when- moment. there's all sorts of real challenges in the nhs. when we| challenges in the nhs. when we spoken to — challenges in the nhs. when we spoken to members, _ challenges in the nhs. when we spoken to members, leaders - challenges in the nhs. when we . spoken to members, leaders across the nhs, _ spoken to members, leaders across the nhs, they— spoken to members, leaders across the nhs, they feel— spoken to members, leaders across the nhs, they feel very— spoken to members, leaders across the nhs, they feel very anxious - spoken to members, leaders across the nhs, they feel very anxious to i the nhs, they feel very anxious to be clear— the nhs, they feel very anxious to be clear on— the nhs, they feel very anxious to be clear on where _ the nhs, they feel very anxious to be clear on where the _ the nhs, they feel very anxious to be clear on where the money- the nhs, they feel very anxious to be clear on where the money is i be clear on where the money is coming — be clear on where the money is coming from _ be clear on where the money is coming from-— be clear on where the money is coming from. be clear on where the money is comin: from. ., ., �* ., ., coming from. you don't want to get into a political— coming from. you don't want to get into a political conversation - coming from. you don't want to get into a political conversation but - coming from. you don't want to get into a political conversation but if. into a political conversation but if i ask you about the problem of 6% and how you find it, what would 36, 35% do? it and how you find it, what would 36, 3596 do? , . ., , and how you find it, what would 36, 3596 do? ,. ., _, and how you find it, what would 36, 3596do? ,. ., ,.,, 3596 do? it is clearly a significant amount of _ 3596 do? it is clearly a significant amount of money _ 3596 do? it is clearly a significant amount of money and _ 3596 do? it is clearly a significant amount of money and that's - 3596 do? it is clearly a significant amount of money and that's forl 3596 do? it is clearly a significant i amount of money and that's for the government— amount of money and that's for the government and _ amount of money and that's for the government and trade _ amount of money and that's for the government and trade unions - amount of money and that's for the government and trade unions to - government and trade unions to figure _ government and trade unions to figure out— government and trade unions to figure out between— government and trade unions to figure out between them. - government and trade unions to figure out between them. right| government and trade unions to - figure out between them. right now, we recognise — figure out between them. right now, we recognise we _ figure out between them. right now, we recognise we are _ figure out between them. right now, we recognise we are in _ figure out between them. right now, we recognise we are in a _ figure out between them. right now, we recognise we are in a challengingl we recognise we are in a challenging place _ we recognise we are in a challenging place economically. _ we recognise we are in a challenging place economically. we _ we recognise we are in a challenging place economically. we also- we recognise we are in a challengingj place economically. we also realised that it's _ place economically. we also realised that it's incredibly— place economically. we also realised that it's incredibly important- place economically. we also realised that it's incredibly important for- that it's incredibly important for the peopie _ that it's incredibly important for the people within _ that it's incredibly important for the people within the _ that it's incredibly important for the people within the nhs - that it's incredibly important for the people within the nhs to i that it's incredibly important for- the people within the nhs to receive fair pay _ the people within the nhs to receive fair pay it— the people within the nhs to receive fair pay. it is— the people within the nhs to receive fair pay. it is essential— the people within the nhs to receive fair pay. it is essential for— the people within the nhs to receive fair pay. it is essential for things - fair pay. it is essential for things like recruitment— fair pay. it is essential for things like recruitment and _ fair pay. it is essential for things like recruitment and retention. i fair pay. it is essential for things i like recruitment and retention. the workforce like recruitment and retention. workforce plan hasjust been workforce plan has just been announced, and part of that was recruitment and retention. this may

blow a hole in it ifjunior doctors are going to carry on striking. your sense, scott, of the public�*s support for thejunior sense, scott, of the public�*s support for the junior doctors and how elastic is it? for those of us that run health services, it is not something we get a sense. what we do get a sense of is the disruption and anxiety that causes patients and the public. there is no doubt that there is a sense of anxiety and distress and those who are postponed. so sense of anxiety and distress and those who are postponed.- sense of anxiety and distress and those who are postponed. so we are a situation now. — those who are postponed. so we are a situation now, five _ those who are postponed. so we are a situation now, five days, _ those who are postponed. so we are a situation now, five days, rishi - situation now, five days, rishi sunak adamant there will be no further negotiation, so could there be a change of tactic, what might that tactic be? joe brolly not want to tell as much about that, but presumably of you have thought this will happen. i presumably of you have thought this will ha en. .. ., _ presumably of you have thought this willhauen. ., , will happen. i cannot say exactly what mode _ will happen. i cannot say exactly what mode of— will happen. i cannot say exactly what mode of attack, _ will happen. i cannot say exactly what mode of attack, so - will happen. i cannot say exactly what mode of attack, so to - will happen. i cannot say exactly i what mode of attack, so to speak, the bma— what mode of attack, so to speak, the bma are going to undertake, but i’ili'it the bma are going to undertake, but right now— the bma are going to undertake, but

right now the feeling is very much that we _ right now the feeling is very much that we are — right now the feeling is very much that we are not happy with the offer that we are not happy with the offer that is— that we are not happy with the offer that is on— that we are not happy with the offer that is on the table. but that we are not happy with the offer that is on the table.— that is on the table. but if you look at what _ that is on the table. but if you look at what happened - that is on the table. but if you look at what happened in - that is on the table. but if you - look at what happened in scotland, 17 point 5/2 years, does that seem something that is a workable proposition? —— 17.5 over two years. at least a government in scotland are willing — at least a government in scotland are willing to meet, willing to look at an— are willing to meet, willing to look at an increase which is at least douhie — at an increase which is at least double digits.— at an increase which is at least double digits. lets talk about the workforce plan. _ double digits. lets talk about the workforce plan, staff _ double digits. lets talk about the workforce plan, staff retention, i workforce plan, staff retention, more doctors being trained. what you think the impact of these strikes is on people who are considering their future in the nhs? we know there is this great exodus to places like brisbane just now. what are you hearing from other doctors about what they might do if there is no resolution to this? it is what they might do if there is no resolution to this?— resolution to this? it is almost like if you _ resolution to this? it is almost like if you are _ resolution to this? it is almost like if you are looking - resolution to this? it is almost like if you are looking to - resolution to this? it is almost like if you are looking to rent i resolution to this? it is almost| like if you are looking to rent a property— like if you are looking to rent a property and you go to the tenets that are _ property and you go to the tenets that are currently in the property, how is— that are currently in the property, how is the — that are currently in the property, how is the landlord, who is the property? _ how is the landlord, who is the property? they tell you it is not really _ property? they tell you it is not really a — property? they tell you it is not really a place to stay, you're not

to -- _ really a place to stay, you're not to -- going _ really a place to stay, you're not to —— going to want to stay there. that— to —— going to want to stay there. that is— to —— going to want to stay there. that is something the government are overlooking _ that is something the government are overlooking. if the current doctors are not— overlooking. if the current doctors are not happy, why would you expect peopie _ are not happy, why would you expect people that are being trained to be happy _ people that are being trained to be happy. what you're also a comedian, but presumably being a comedian will not pay— but presumably being a comedian will not pay your wages the same way doctor— not pay your wages the same way doctor well at the not pay your wages the same way doctor well at th— not pay your wages the same way doctor well at the moment, so will ou sta ? doctor well at the moment, so will you stay? very _ doctor well at the moment, so will you stay? very difficult _ doctor well at the moment, so will you stay? very difficult to - doctor well at the moment, so will you stay? very difficult to be - you stay? very difficult to be definitive. _ you stay? very difficult to be definitive. the _ you stay? very difficult to be definitive. the way _ you stay? very difficult to be definitive. the way the - you stay? very difficult to be - definitive. the way the government are treating doctors right now, it is not _ are treating doctors right now, it is not looking very appealing. doctor— is not looking very appealing. doctor mccay, can you explain how, when there are such entrenched positions, how is there any walking back from this? that positions, how is there any walking back from this?— back from this? at the moment industrial action _ back from this? at the moment industrial action is _ back from this? at the moment industrial action is causing - back from this? at the moment | industrial action is causing huge disruption — industrial action is causing huge disruption across— industrial action is causing huge disruption across the _ industrial action is causing huge disruption across the nhs. - industrial action is causing huge disruption across the nhs. it i industrial action is causing huge disruption across the nhs. it isl disruption across the nhs. it is taking — disruption across the nhs. it is taking up— disruption across the nhs. it is taking up a _ disruption across the nhs. it is taking up a lot _ disruption across the nhs. it is taking up a lot of— disruption across the nhs. it is taking up a lot of planning i disruption across the nhs. it is. taking up a lot of planning time, for those — taking up a lot of planning time, for those people _ taking up a lot of planning time, for those people would - taking up a lot of planning time, for those people would others i taking up a lot of planning time, | for those people would others be working — for those people would others be working on — for those people would others be working on transformation, i for those people would others be| working on transformation, trying for those people would others be i working on transformation, trying to working on transformation, trying to work out _ working on transformation, trying to work out how — working on transformation, trying to work out how to _ working on transformation, trying to work out how to improve _ working on transformation, trying to work out how to improve services, l work out how to improve services, they are _ work out how to improve services, they are having _ work out how to improve services, they are having to _ work out how to improve services, they are having to apply— work out how to improve services, they are having to apply quite i work out how to improve services, they are having to apply quite a i work out how to improve services, | they are having to apply quite a lot of their— they are having to apply quite a lot of their time — they are having to apply quite a lot of their time to _ they are having to apply quite a lot

of their time to this. _ they are having to apply quite a lot of their time to this. we _ they are having to apply quite a lot of their time to this. we are - they are having to apply quite a lot| of their time to this. we are seeing moraie _ of their time to this. we are seeing morale and — of their time to this. we are seeing morale and ebbing, _ of their time to this. we are seeing morale and ebbing, we _ of their time to this. we are seeing morale and ebbing, we are - of their time to this. we are seeing morale and ebbing, we are seeingl morale and ebbing, we are seeing genuine _ morale and ebbing, we are seeing genuine costs _ morale and ebbing, we are seeing genuine costs of— morale and ebbing, we are seeing genuine costs of industrial - morale and ebbing, we are seeing genuine costs of industrial action. j genuine costs of industrial action. we need — genuine costs of industrial action. we need to— genuine costs of industrial action. we need to see _ genuine costs of industrial action. we need to see it— genuine costs of industrial action. we need to see it come _ genuine costs of industrial action. we need to see it come to - genuine costs of industrial action. we need to see it come to an- genuine costs of industrial action. | we need to see it come to an end. when _ we need to see it come to an end. when you — we need to see it come to an end. when you take _ we need to see it come to an end. when you take the _ we need to see it come to an end. when you take the inventory, i we need to see it come to an end. l when you take the inventory, record lists —— waiting lists at a record high, the amount of operations cancelled during strike days. the juggernaut of accumulated problems from this, is it going to break the nhs? ,, , ~ ., ., , ., , nhs? the nhs is known for being able to manaue nhs? the nhs is known for being able to manage all — nhs? the nhs is known for being able to manage all sorts _ nhs? the nhs is known for being able to manage all sorts of— nhs? the nhs is known for being able to manage all sorts of challenges i to manage all sorts of challenges that come — to manage all sorts of challenges that come its— to manage all sorts of challenges that come its way. _ to manage all sorts of challenges that come its way. everybody i to manage all sorts of challenges that come its way. everybody is i that come its way. everybody is working — that come its way. everybody is working so _ that come its way. everybody is working so hard _ that come its way. everybody is working so hard to _ that come its way. everybody is working so hard to make - that come its way. everybody is working so hard to make this i that come its way. everybody is i working so hard to make this work, doing _ working so hard to make this work, doing the _ working so hard to make this work, doing the planning, _ working so hard to make this work, doing the planning, managing i working so hard to make this work, doing the planning, managing the i doing the planning, managing the patient _ doing the planning, managing the patient safety, _ doing the planning, managing the patient safety, but _ doing the planning, managing the patient safety, but honestly - doing the planning, managing the patient safety, but honestly the l patient safety, but honestly the more _ patient safety, but honestly the more the — patient safety, but honestly the more the continues, _ patient safety, but honestly the more the continues, the - patient safety, but honestly the more the continues, the more i more the continues, the more disruptive _ more the continues, the more disruptive it— more the continues, the more disruptive it becomes, - more the continues, the more disruptive it becomes, the i more the continues, the more i disruptive it becomes, the further you get— disruptive it becomes, the further you get from _ disruptive it becomes, the further you get from delivering _ disruptive it becomes, the further you get from delivering the - disruptive it becomes, the further. you get from delivering the services you get from delivering the services you are _ you get from delivering the services you are trying — you get from delivering the services you are trying to _ you get from delivering the services you are trying to deliver. _ you get from delivering the services you are trying to deliver. it - you are trying to deliver. it is really — you are trying to deliver. it is really challenging, _ you are trying to deliver. it is really challenging, but - you are trying to deliver. it is i really challenging, but everybody will keep — really challenging, but everybody will keep on _ really challenging, but everybody will keep on working, _ really challenging, but everybody will keep on working, keep - really challenging, but everybody will keep on working, keep on. will keep on working, keep on finding — will keep on working, keep on finding every— will keep on working, keep on finding every way— will keep on working, keep on finding every way to _ will keep on working, keep on finding every way to maintainl finding every way to maintain patient — finding every way to maintain patient safety, _ finding every way to maintain patient safety, but _ finding every way to maintain patient safety, but we - finding every way to maintain patient safety, but we need i finding every way to maintain l patient safety, but we need to finding every way to maintain i patient safety, but we need to be honest _ patient safety, but we need to be honest about _ patient safety, but we need to be honest about it, _ patient safety, but we need to be honest about it, it _ patient safety, but we need to be honest about it, it is _ patient safety, but we need to be honest about it, it is going - patient safety, but we need to be honest about it, it is going to i honest about it, it is going to affect— honest about it, it is going to affect services. _ honest about it, it is going to affect services.— honest about it, it is going to affect services. thank you all very much indeed. _ affect services. thank you all very much indeed. just _ affect services. thank you all very much indeed. just to _ affect services. thank you all very much indeed. just to clarify, i affect services. thank you all very | much indeed. just to clarify, junior much indeed. just to clarify, junior doctors have been offered a 6% pay rise and a one—off payment of at

least 1250 payment as a rise and a one—off payment of at least1250 payment as a consolidated payment. southern europe is having an extreme weather event with an area of high pressure sitting stubbornly over europe. in southern spain temperatures have been exceding a0 celsius. extremadura recorded a [and temperature of 60 celsius, and there are warnings that athens could hit 60 celsius. and research published in nature sustainability today found that while central africa will see the most extreme temperatures, overall northern europe has the greatest relative increases in uncomfortably hot days. i'm joined by professor emily shuckburgh, director of cambridge zero, university of cambridge. thank you very much forjoining us. what exactly is happening in southern europe? figs what exactly is happening in southern europe?— what exactly is happening in southern europe? what exactly is happening in southern euroe? �* , , southern europe? as you said, but we are seeinu southern europe? as you said, but we are seeing at — southern europe? as you said, but we are seeing at the _ southern europe? as you said, but we are seeing at the moment _ southern europe? as you said, but we are seeing at the moment is - southern europe? as you said, but we are seeing at the moment is a - are seeing at the moment is a weather system, a high—pressure weather system, a high—pressure weather system, a high—pressure weather system which is sat over southern europe, and the temperatures are increasing and increasing, heading towards the high

40 increasing, heading towards the high a0 celsius temperatures, which is really reaching deadly levels in terms of the temperature. people will... we saw last summer when they were very hot temperatures throughout europe, over 60,000 throughout europe, over 60 , 000 people throughout europe, over 60,000 people died by heat —related conditions. people died by heat -related conditions.— people died by heat -related conditions. , ., ~ ., ~ , conditions. there is talk of athens auoin to conditions. there is talk of athens going to 60 _ conditions. there is talk of athens going to 60 celsius, _ conditions. there is talk of athens going to 60 celsius, which - conditions. there is talk of athens going to 60 celsius, which would. conditions. there is talk of athens i going to 60 celsius, which would be extraordinary. it would be unbearably... presumably people could not even go outside. indeed. it is a combination _ could not even go outside. indeed. it is a combination of— could not even go outside. indeed. it is a combination of the _ could not even go outside. indeed. it is a combination of the heat - could not even go outside. indeed. it is a combination of the heat and| it is a combination of the heat and humidity that starts to become particularly deadly. hang humidity that starts to become particularly deadly.— humidity that starts to become particularly deadly. how much is this to do with _ particularly deadly. how much is this to do with climate _ particularly deadly. how much is this to do with climate change? | particularly deadly. how much is| this to do with climate change? it is to do with climate change obviously, but how much? we have seen globally _ obviously, but how much? we have seen globally the _ obviously, but how much? we have seen globally the hottest _ obviously, but how much? we have seen globally the hottest june - obviously, but how much? we have seen globally the hottest june on i seen globally the hottestjune on record. it was also the hottestjune in the uk on record. we have seen increasing temperatures and with increasing temperatures and with increasing temperatures and with increasing temperatures it means the extremes also become that much more extreme. so this is absolutely consistent with climate change. it is notjust seeing record

temperatures in europe at the moment, but if you look from pole to pole, there is extreme melting happening in greenland and record levels of low sea ice in antarctica. lets just be clear, even if we were able to reach our climate targets right now, moving forward, you could not go back from this, this is where we are now and this is where we will stay and indeed go on from if we do not deal with climate change is a state of emergency? absolutely. and there is two critical _ state of emergency? absolutely. and there is two critical applications - there is two critical applications of that for policy. the first is that we have to produce —— reduce our emissions globally and as a country as rapidly as possible. that is the only way we limit this from getting worse and worse in terms of the impacts of climate change. the second thing which is equally important is that we have to start looking at how we can protect ourselves from the climate changes that we are starting to see roll out, whether that is in terms of

these extreme heat waves we have been seeing recently or indeed in terms of flooding events. we need to be looking at how we address that in terms of our infrastructure, our homes, our energy infrastructure, our transport infrastructure, but also in terms of nature. nature... we are going to talk about housing here, actually, and the impact of climate change on that. can ijust ask you, this idea, do we have any idea how much we will have to change our lives? ., , a, idea how much we will have to change our lives? ., , ., our lives? clearly some of the response _ our lives? clearly some of the response to — our lives? clearly some of the response to climate _ our lives? clearly some of the response to climate change i our lives? clearly some of the i response to climate change is in terms of technological developments and some of it is in terms of changing our lifestyles. it is by changing our lifestyles. it is by changing our lifestyles. it is by changing our diets, changing how we travel, but none of that needs to be in a way that actually is somehow living in a cave. this is about moving to a different, cleaner, healthier future. moving to a different, cleaner, healthierfuture. many moving to a different, cleaner, healthier future. many of the changes are about things that can

actually improve our lifestyles in multiple different ways. walking and cycling more instead of taking your car, it is a healthierform of transport. eating less red meat in your diet we know is also healthier. many of these changes, it is not about somehow changing your lifestyle in a somehow detrimental way, this is about creating a future thatis way, this is about creating a future that is better for everyone.- that is better for everyone. thank ou ve that is better for everyone. thank you very much — that is better for everyone. thank you very much for _ that is better for everyone. thank you very much forjoining - that is better for everyone. thank you very much forjoining us. - now, as we've been hearing, the consequences of this weather can be serious. research out this week suggested last summer's european heat waves caused more than 61,000 heat attributable deaths. almost 3,500 were in the uk. but if cool spaces are vital to people's health, how prepared is the uk? here's kate. traditional to modern. this 1970s house has been insulated and automated to make it not just warm in winter, but cool in summer too.

for those of us who struggled to sleep in the a0 degree heat last summer, this home remained around 25. blinds are automated. they automatically come down or go up to allow maximise the light in but keep most heat out. so if it's very hot outside or the direct sun, they'll come down. we've got the underfloor cooling, which is like underfloor heating, but in reverse. yeah. so it takes cold water again from the heat pump and passes it through the underfloor heating pipes, which makes the floor nice and cold. this approach it's thought we'll need more of as our climate changes. in oxford, scientists have been researching just how much cooling we're likely to need. in a new paper out today, they've looked at so—called cooling degree days, basically the average daily temperature minus a baseline of 18 degrees. and how that will change as the world moves from 1.5 to 2 degrees of warming.

the unep gap emissions report said that there is no credible pathway left where we're going to limit warming to 1.5. we're already at 1.1 degrees of warming. and so we need to understand what this means for populations around the world as we move from 1.5 closer towards two degrees, and who is going to suffer the most and where. they found the biggest absolute rise in cooling need will be around the equator. the top ten countries affected are all in africa, but the largest relative rise belongs to northern temperate countries. the uk comes third with a 30% increase. the relative change matters because it's an indicator of how prepared we are to be able to respond to this extreme heat. i think it's a wake up call for countries like the uk, for countries in europe, for countries that are not traditionally hot or near the tropics, and a wake up call for them to recognise that their populations, particularly vulnerable populations, which are the elderly, children, outdoor workers and others, are going to be

under extreme threat. and their health, their mobility, their mortality and their productivity is going to be affected. british homes, for example, were built to keep the heat in during cold winters, not block out the scorching sun. some places are already adapting. the designers of this retirement housing in london were asked to keep cooling in mind to protect vulnerable residents. so the first thing, probably the biggest thing is we've got the screening on the outside and that's stopping the sun getting on to the homes that in the start. and the second thing is the deck, the deck access. so that's providing, again, shading, but also is a really lovely space, a very cool space, for for residents sit up and enjoy the outside. and then the third thing is we've got dual aspects of windows on both sides of the building. so that allows natural ventilation, much easier and natural ventilation, for the homes. new building regulations designed to prevent overheating were introduced in england and wales last year. this opens and then that

goes all the way out... guidance details, limits for glazing and the importance of ventilation. but tom points out we still see flats constructed across the country with a single side of vast windows. i think it's great that we do have regulation now, but the detail of it is is really not there and it's not clear enough and it needs to go further and it needs to look at making shading mandatory, and also possibly looking at banning single aspect flats, looking at mandating dual aspect ventilation, looking at more natural ventilation methods instead of going straight to mechanical. air conditioning risks increasing our energy need, making our climate targets harder. now, new builds alone can't fix this issue. one in six homes in england was built before 1900, and there's been about one degree of global warming since then, which means it's perhaps no surprise that research indicates by 2018, roughly one in five homes had bedrooms which were already overheating. with small city flats

in the south east most at risk. refurbishment will have to be an essential part of cooling britain's homes. back in hertfordshire, emma's refurbishment costs hundreds of thousands of pounds, certainly out of reach for most. but its architect suggests the principles can be applied much more easily. those sort of basic premise is you want to try and stop as much sunlight coming in as possible. so whether or not you've got blinds, curtains that you can pull if they're external, even better, but don't have the windows open on the hot side of the house, if you've got windows that can be opened on a cool side, that's going to help. and if you've got things like roof lights, particularly overnight, if you can have those open with a window cracked open, just to give you a difference in height, it's going to help you purge that hot air right out. windows and blinds aren't high tech. the problem with keeping everyone cool lies in the detail. overcrowding, streets safe and quiet enough for open windows, and regulation tough enough to ensure developers don't put cost first.

the uk covid inquiry requested all of borisjohnson communications during the pandemic. at first the government refused, but borisjohnson agreed to hand everything over, and the cabinet office lost a legal challenge to the demand for the information. except there's now a problem. he said he couldn't hand over all his whatsapp messages because he wasn't100% sure of the passcode to his old phone. the phone has been locked away since he stopped using it in may 2021. nick has an update tonight. well, kirsty, we maybe about to solve the mystery of the silent prime ministerial phone that is sitting in the offices of boris johnson's lawyer. the key thing for accessing a phone that's been sitting there for nearly two years is that you need the right pin code. if you put multiple entries of the wrong number into the iphone it could wipe the data and the inquiry

the two at the date of the inquiry wants to see, it wouldn't get it from that phone. borisjohnson thinks he knows what the code is but he can't be sure so the government technicians appointed by the government to look at this have been a bit nervous. it turns out that the government in the cabinet office had a written record of the number. in a drawer! in — a written record of the number. in a drawer! in a — a written record of the number. in a drawer! in a drawer _ a written record of the number. in a drawer! in a drawer somewhere - a written record of the number. in a drawer! in a drawer somewhere and the in drawer! in a drawer somewhere and the pin has — drawer! in a drawer somewhere and the pin has been _ drawer! in a drawer somewhere and the pin has been provided _ drawer! in a drawer somewhere and the pin has been provided in - drawer! in a drawer somewhere and the pin has been provided in the - the pin has been provided in the last 2a hours and it looks like a government technicians are going to try and access the phone and that could happen over the next 2a hours. it may happen tomorrow. another reason they are nervous is because this was a prime ministerial phone where there were security concerns and it had higher security settings so they been nervous about it. this information has been reported in the last few hours at the ft and newsnight have confirmed it. if this access through the known pin doesn't work there is a second option called

the brute force approach. you'd connect the phone to a computer and you would basically bombard it with a lot of pin numbers in a way that spies would at gchq if they were going after a hostile telephone and they may well do that. the crucial thing as far as borisjohnson is concerned, as i understand it, every step of the way, he's going to the inquiry and saying, is is all right and he is getting their approval. in the borisjohnson camp they are rather irritated, the idea that he's been withholding his phone. they think the government has held it up ljy think the government has held it up by a month because they tried to challenge the inquiry by saying, let's not provide this information not redacted and the high court said you will provide it. technical issues have held up his phone and the view in the borisjohnson camp is that if the information is released they will hand it to the inquiry in an unredacted form. i'm joined now by michael veale,

lecturer in digital rights and regulation at ucl. thanks forjoining us. with this news tonight, there are two options, the government either has the right pin or let's hope they haven't transposed the figures or there's the nuclear option, which will explode the phone. tell me what you think is going on here.— think is going on here. thanks, a -hone, think is going on here. thanks, a phone. the _ think is going on here. thanks, a phone, the core _ think is going on here. thanks, a phone, the core problem - think is going on here. thanks, a phone, the core problem here i think is going on here. thanks, a phone, the core problem here is| phone, the core problem here is encryption that we are thinking about. it isn't really a problem, it is technology we use every day but one reason, working out how to get to the messages, when you put a pin into the phone it will decrypt what is on the phone so you can't access it directly from the drive inside. if you set up a phone with tie security it could —— with hi security it could —— with hi security that is only one way to get to it. the trouble with getting a lot of pins is what security services used to do but apple restricted that in 2019 with a operating system update that put in

a big challenge for doing that into the main companies providing the service so it is very difficult to guess the pain because the phone is going to slow down and doesn't let you enter many numbers and it takes a long time to do that. there are other ways to get the information as well which we might be able to talk about. , .. , ._ , about. tell me, because we maybe -arovidin about. tell me, because we maybe providing information _ about. tell me, because we maybe providing information now - about. tell me, because we maybe providing information now to - about. tell me, because we maybe providing information now to the i providing information now to the cabinet office, they may have got it wrong. cabinet office, they may have got it wronr. �* , . cabinet office, they may have got it wronr. �*, ., , ., ., wrong. there's a couple of other wa s. wrong. there's a couple of other ways- you _ wrong. there's a couple of other ways- you can — wrong. there's a couple of other ways- you can go _ wrong. there's a couple of other ways. you can go after- wrong. there's a couple of other ways. you can go after the - wrong. there's a couple of other- ways. you can go after the back-ups ways. you can go after the back—ups of the messages. for a long time governments around the world, and especially the uk and the us, have liked the idea that messages are encrypted between phones like on whatsapp and they put a lot of pressure on companies like meta to limit the encryption and the tacit agreement they came to is that they wouldn't encrypt the back—up of the messages, so while we send messages to each other encrypted, people would have automatic back—ups on the phone and unless they chose to turn them off they would send the

information to apple or google where it wouldn't be as encrypted. so you could go to the companies directly and get back—ups. there is another option as well. and get back-ups. there is another option as well-— option as well. what's the other 0 tion? option as well. what's the other option? you _ option as well. what's the other option? you look _ option as well. what's the other option? you look at _ option as well. what's the other option? you look at where - option as well. what's the other option? you look at where the l option? you look at where the messages _ option? you look at where the messages was _ option? you look at where the messages was sent _ option? you look at where the messages was sent to - option? you look at where the messages was sent to other i option? you look at where the - messages was sent to other phones. for instance meta would have a record of borisjohnson's contacts and uk law may require it under the regulatory powers act in certain situations so those phones could be accessed and hopefully those people do know their pins.— do know their pins. hopefully no excuse for _ do know their pins. hopefully no excuse for them _ do know their pins. hopefully no excuse for them being _ do know their pins. hopefully no excuse for them being found - do know their pins. hopefully no i excuse for them being found after all this information. a week today there will a by—election bonanza in england, each of them tory—held seats under strong labour attack. they will be the first litmus test of rishi sunak�*s record at number 10. there are three next thursday, including the former prime minister borisjohnson's seat of uxbridge and south ruislip, which nick reported from last month, somerton and frome — the seat being vacated by the disgraced

david warburton — where he'll be next week, tonight, and selby and ainsty yorkshire where borisjohnson's brother—in—arms nigel adams quit, but not as he might have expected, en route for the house of lords. in selby, the tories are defending a majority of 20,137, and if labour were to win it, it would be a record for the size of a majority overturned by labour in a by—election. we asked all the parties featured in nick's film if we could interview their candidates, but we had mixed results on that front. here's nick. organ music. a timeless haven, a place to reflect. a retreat in challenging times. selby abbey in the heart of a large rural constituency overlooked by an energy giant in an era of deep economic uncertainty.

and voters here will soon give us a taste of the nation's mood. the rolling fields and byways of north yorkshire, a natural tory heartland, but an ill wind is blowing for the conservatives. annoyance with the mp who abruptly stood down after a peerage granted on the nod of borisjohnson failed to materialise. and then there's concern over rising prices. all of that adds up to an almighty challenge for a party that's been in powerfor 13 years and an opportunity for the opposition that would never have dreamt of having a toehold in this current constituency. and so the two big parties are slugging it out. labour is pinning its hopes on a 25—year—old oxford graduate and throwing the proverbial kitchen sink at the by—election, with multiple visits

by seniorfigures. well, this is a really important election, that's clear, and it's obviously neck and neck. what we see in places like selby and ainsty is something that people are experiencing up and down the country. they and their families' lives are just getting harder. they started to get harder for many years. you know, for many of them, since 2010, they've not seen living standards improving. they've seen them going backwards. and the question that i often ask people on the doorstep is whether they feel better now compared to before 2010. and almost universally, people say no. the tories are resting their hopes on a nearby councillor. many mps on the stump, with one playing down the significance of by—elections. what is the monumental significance of a by—election? it matters not, because when the general election comes back, comes around, all the evidence suggests that the political equilibrium, if i can put it that

way, tends to come back. now, you've got to earn that as a government. but in the middle of a of a term where a government are behind in the polls, shock, horror, there are some issues that that that that we face in a by—election shock, horror. but we can't stop that from us putting forward our policy platform. and, you know, if we... i am really positive about this. but win, lose or draw, it matters not. it matters that we care about selby and ainsty. a pollster who recently found the tories in trouble in the constituency sees familiar themes at play. i think voters in selby again might pick up on themes that we're seeing around the country. so, what we noticed was that voters are very concerned about the cost of living, about the nhs, about waiting lists. selby in particular, there is a concern over buses and local transport routes. we do see that the conservative 2019 voters are most concerned about immigration. however, those who've made the switch to labour are much more concerned about the cost of living, as is the rest of the labour vote. so what we're seeing, i think,

is those conditions that you're you know, lots of people often say, you know, how do we break through?