against alzheimer's after the results of a major trial were published. the drug was found to slow cognitive decline by about a third among patients in the early stages of the disease. it still needs to be approved by regulators. here's our medical editor, fergus walsh. hello. are you all right, mr colley? hi, yes. yes. i've got your donanemab here for you... mike colley has alzheimer's disease, yet the 80—year—old feels incredibly fortunate. i'm one of the luckiest people you'll ever meet. just for this. that's because he's been on the global trial of donanemab for two years. he's come with his son for his monthly infusion, at this clinic in london. i seem to get more confident every day. and i'm sure this is going to be successful. they'll get all the rubbish off the top of my brain and i'll be back to normality. i'm very confident about that.

i never thought that i would see my dad just so full of life again. you know, now we have hope and, two years ago, we didn't. and, you know, that'sjust an incredible difference. i'd like you to subtract seven - from 100, and keep subtracting seven from each answer until i tell you to stop. - so what is 100, take away seven? 93. despite mike's optimism, donanemab is not a cure. his memory and ability to process information are still impaired. 86... but full results of the trial show the drug slowed cognitive decline by about a third, enabling many patients to continue leading independent lives for longer. 60... he chuckles i've forgotten already now. i've lost the plot, sorry. that's ok. in alzheimer's, a rogue protein called amyloid builds up around neurons, destroying connections.

donanemab is an antibody which binds to amyloid. this prompts immune cells to attack and clear amyloid from the brain. so, lots of toxic amyloid protein... you can see it clearly in these scans. this patient starts with a lot of amyloid — shown in green, yellow and red — but after six months on donanemab, most of the amyloid has been removed. this is really significant. i mean, this is one of the biggest breakthroughs, insomuch as this disease is a pandemic. it's getting more and more common. and being able to both remove the amyloid protein and demonstrate that that correlates with the slowing, or hopefully steadying of symptoms, is life—changing. so a moment of hope? a moment of enormous hope. this is fantastic. hello. are you ready to come through? yes. all right. donanemab could be licensed here within a year, butjanet north is hoping to get it sooner,

as part of the next stage of trials. could you tell me what year it is? oh, dear. she sighs no. 2004, i was going to say, but it's 2020—something, isn't it? 2024? 0k... janet, who's 76, says alzheimer's means she no longer remembers how to use a computer or how to cook. i can't make things nice. i can't cook as i want to cook. i have no timing ability, and that's crucial. erm, itjust drives me potty, because i can't do it. but before any patient gets donanemab, they have to have one of these — a pet scan, a specialised type of brain scan. the problem is, there aren't nearly enough scanners. currently, hardly any

alzheimer's patient has one. there's another hurdle. donanemab has potentially serious side effects. it can cause swelling and bleeding in the brain, so patients will need to be aware of the risks and be carefully monitored. but despite safety concerns, there will be huge demand for this new drug, which mike will continue to receive as long as it helps him. after decades of failed trials, the era of alzheimer's treatment is upon us. i spoke to david thomas, head of policy at alzheimer's research uk, who shared his thoughts on this progress in alzheimer�*s and dementia research. this is a turning point in dementia research, to have this treatment which has shown that it shows the progress of all summers disease in a

building on the back of another treatment had results of quite recently, so that is quite exciting. we know the benefits of these drugs are modest, they are only four people in the early stages of old—timers disease, so there is a long road ahead of us, but this is fantastic and a good first step —— alzheimer's disease. fantastic and a good first step -- alzheimer's disease.— fantastic and a good first step -- alzheimer's disease. what issues do thin . alzheimer's disease. what issues do thing there'll — alzheimer's disease. what issues do thing there'll be _ alzheimer's disease. what issues do thing there'll be on _ alzheimer's disease. what issues do thing there'll be on that _ alzheimer's disease. what issues do thing there'll be on that long - alzheimer's disease. what issues do thing there'll be on that long road i thing there'll be on that long road ahead? i thing there'll be on that long road ahead? ~ , , . ahead? ithink, first, it is for regulators — ahead? ithink, first, it is for regulators to _ ahead? ithink, first, it is for regulators to decide - ahead? ithink, first, it is for regulators to decide whether ahead? i think, first, it is for - regulators to decide whether the benefits of the drug outweigh the safety issues that we have seen in clinical trials. we will need to monitor very carefully and we know that the company that manufactures donanemab, eli lilly, has said they will take this forward for regulatory consideration quite soon so we will be interesting to see what the regulators say. after that point, health care systems need to decide whether they can afford these kind of drugs. we know they will be expensive and potentially for quite a large population of people, so

thatis a large population of people, so that is in a port party process, or the cost benefit is weighted by the health systems. and after that, a really find a mental one, this will involve fundamentally change the way we diagnose and treat people with alzheimer's disease, ensuring the right diagnostic capacity to match people in the early stages of alzheimer's disease to these medicines is going to be a big challenge for the nhs and for health services around the world. what challenge for the nhs and for health services around the world.— services around the world. what is the timeframe _ services around the world. what is the timeframe on _ services around the world. what is the timeframe on this, _ services around the world. what is the timeframe on this, do - services around the world. what is the timeframe on this, do you - services around the world. what is i the timeframe on this, do you think? we know if it is put a0 regular —— put forward to regulars imminently, we look forward to next year, and would move forward to england, deciding the cost effectiveness, so we would be looking at early 2025, very earliest, for this. so there is a road ahead, but we think it is creating real momentum in the field and a platform to build on, and we hope there is a range of treatments behind this development. here in the uk, the head of a public

inquiry into the post office scandal has called for action and legal changes to help those involved receive full and fair compensation. hundreds of sub postmasters were wrongly accused of stealing money because of a faulty computer system. sir wyn williams said there was no valid legal reason for the delay in payouts. the post office has apologised but denies deliberately delaying proceedings. joining me now is someone who knows this case inside out — nick wallis, journalist and author of the great post office scandal. for those who have not read your book, could you just expand first of all, nick annoyed exactly happened here in this scandal? yes. all, nick annoyed exactly happened here in this scandal?— here in this scandal? yes, at the turn of this _ here in this scandal? yes, at the turn of this century, _ here in this scandal? yes, at the turn of this century, the - here in this scandal? yes, at the turn of this century, the post - turn of this century, the post office automated its accounting systems for its 20,000 branches all around the uk, by biting through a private finance initiative deal a computer system, a bespoke computer system, from the uk arm of the japanese computing giant called it

horizon. this horizon accounting system did not work very well. it's real polls in —— it's real polls in sub postmaster�*s accounts, but because they are legally responsible for their accounts, the post office decided they had been stealing money and rather than look to see if there were errors in the computer system, they went after sub postmasters on industrial scale. many hundreds were criminally prosecuted, but many hundreds more were forced to pay back money that they should not have done the many were sacked and suspended, and suffer the shame and the stigma of being very visible people within their communities about whom a cloud of suspicion dissented, and has ruined many, many lives, causing mental health breakdowns, people went to prison, and this has not been sorted out in terms of compensation for putting those wrongs right. what terms of compensation for putting those wrongs right.— terms of compensation for putting those wrongs right. what has l mac is this delay —

those wrongs right. what has l mac is this delay about, _ those wrongs right. what has l mac is this delay about, then? - those wrongs right. what has l mac is this delay about, then? i - is this delay about, then? i am callin: is this delay about, then? i am calling the _ is this delay about, then? i am calling the third _ is this delay about, then? i am calling the third phase - is this delay about, then? i am calling the third phase of - calling the third phase of this scandal. the first phase was when the prosecution was happening, then there was a cover a period when the post office and government was in denial about what was going on. then when it came out in the courts, the post office and the government should have been all they can to sort out the compensations of the people were put back to where they should be, had they not come into contact with this dreadful it system. unfortunately, the compensation scheme and there were multiple compensation schemes, have been creating piecemeal without any unified into bowls, some of them have been created badly and they have been created badly and they have had misleading information in them. postmasters who apply, and the chair of the public inquiry, which started last year, has been essentially running this many parallel inquiry into compensation because it is so important. more than 61 people, we think, have died of applicants to these compensation

schemes, without getting full and fair compensation, and teacher himself said today that what we got is a patchwork quilt of compensation schemes with holes in them, rather than one unified scheme. he had the option of saying, right, left from it all out and start again and lets eckley start from the first principles, but he decided not to do that —— right, let's started all over and actually start. he decided to work from the least worst option we have got at the moment. but there is still a huge long way go, because we have three essentially different he runs schemes, with different owners. some run by the government, summer by the post office —— some run by. this was to tidy up the loose ends and inject some urgency into it. i think it is significant that the developments in these, tatian schemes have only come when the chair of the public inquiry has held compensation hearings. documents are often only filed the night before these hearings, decisions are only announced two or

three days before these composition hearings. in essence he is leading the way with his report and with his hearings into the compensation issue, but as many people have been saying, this should not be a third phase of the scandal of vision have been something that was sorted out in 2019, early 2020, when the post office lost its high court battle and the court of appeal started taking an interest in quashing the convictions of so many of these sub postmasters. convictions of so many of these sub postmasters-— postmasters. nick, it is good to have yeli programme _ postmasters. nick, it is good to| have yeli programme explaining things so clearly. nick wallis, thank you so much. —— have you on the programme. around the world and across the uk, this is bbc news. bbc news — bringing you different stories from across the uk. tony has been using hackney food bank for two years and says it has been a lifeline at a time when the cost of groceries has been rocketing. cost of groceries has been rocketing-— cost of groceries has been rocketinu. . ., , ., , cost of groceries has been rocketinu. ~ ., , ., , ., , cost of groceries has been rocketin. . ., , ., , ., rocketing. what i used to be able to rive her rocketing. what i used to be able to give her £50. _ rocketing. what i used to be able to give her £50, now _ rocketing. what i used to be able to give her £50, now you _ rocketing. what i used to be able to give her £50, now you only - rocketing. what i used to be able to give her £50, now you only get half| give her £50, now you only get half as much. �* ., ., , as much. and for volunteers here, things are — as much. and for volunteers here, things are expected _ as much. and for volunteers here, things are expected to _ as much. and for volunteers here, things are expected to get - as much. and for volunteers here,

things are expected to get a - as much. and for volunteers here, | things are expected to get a whole lot busier as the summer approaches. we are currently seeing massive demand — we are currently seeing massive demand for hackney food bank. in june this — demand for hackney food bank. in june this year we fed twice as many people _ june this year we fed twice as many people as _ june this year we fed twice as many people as we did injune last year. we are _ people as we did injune last year. we are expecting to feed over 500 children_ we are expecting to feed over 500 children this summer, and we are providing — children this summer, and we are providing emergency food parcels for around _ providing emergency food parcels for around 650 people a week. more donations and _ around 650 people a week. more donations and voluntary - around 650 people a week. ire donations and voluntary support is desperately needed to meet this growing demand. is notjust here in hackney where there is an issue. families all across london are facing the big challenges due to the cost living crisis. it is like places like this are so vital for so many. —— it this is why. for more stories from across the uk, head to the bbc news website. iam maryam i am maryam moshiri and you are watching bbc news. supporters of the prominent afghan education activist matiullah wesa have called for his release more than 100 days after he was detained without charge. mr wesa, a well known campaigner for girls' education in afghanistan,

was arrested by the taliban government in march. our reporter zari kargar has spoken to mr wesa's brother and has this report. today, it has been 115 days since matiullah wesa, one of the most prominent education activists of afghanistan, was arrested by the taliban. it was the 27th of march. matiullah came out of a mosque after his prayer in kabul and he was taken by gunmen. later, the taliban confirmed that he is arrested by them and that he is under investigation. today, i spoke to his brother and he sent me this message via whatsapp. translation: we wantjustice. we want basic human rights. and we wantjustice according to the international human rights. we know he has been transferred from the intelligence department to the interior ministry. we don't know what the case is against him. we're asking all the world leaders to call for his release. all he has done is work for an education. why should he be in prison?

this is a violation of his rights. matiullah launched pen path, a charity that promoted education, in 2009. he travelled across afghanistan, from province to province, to promote education for girls and boys in the country. but since the taliban took power in 2021, they banned secondary school girls from education or from going to school. matiullah became a clear voice for promoting education for girls. his family and friends now say that he's been detained without no clear cause and that he's been given no right to speak for himself or to defend himself. what impact will artificial intelligence have on our lives in years to come? there've been plenty of warnings about the potential dangers it poses as well as the opportunities it presents. but how much control do we have over how it'll be used? the prime minister has recently appointed the uk's first—ever "ai tsar".

his task is to manage those risks and rewards. our technology editor zoe kleinman has been speaking to him about the challenges he faces. the world is waking up to the potential and the dangers of the most advanced forms of artificial intelligence. across the globe, countries are racing to try to both harness and regulate this technology. here, ian hogarth, a tech entrepreneur, is the man appointed by the prime minister to lead the charge on al in the uk to ensure that it's developed safely. if we keep feeding these systems more and more computing resource, more and more data and we keep having stronger and stronger incentives for the private sector to accelerate this stuff, when do we cross a line, when these systems become dangerous in a new way? where they become closer to human intelligence or exceed human intelligence? and no—one can tell you a definitive answer for when that's going to be. there's another threat, isn't there, which isjobs? there will be winners and losers on a kind of global basis in terms of where the jobs

are as a result of ai. we've got to think about how to protect british jobs. artificial intelligence is developed in a computing system that is the view of the ai tsar. live now to sean 0 heigeartaigh, programme director of ai: futures and responsibility at cambridge university. it is so good to talk to you especially off the back but we heard there. do you you agree with his assessment that there are dangers if we cross that line? i do assessment that there are dangers if we cross that line?— we cross that line? i do agree with his assessment _ we cross that line? i do agree with his assessment and _ we cross that line? i do agree with his assessment and i _ we cross that line? i do agree with his assessment and i think- we cross that line? i do agree with his assessment and i think he - we cross that line? i do agree with his assessment and i think he has| his assessment and i think he has been very good choice for the leader of the foundation model's task force. there are range of issues, from very much concrete present—day issues, including our careless use of ai exacerbating bias or be applied in an equal way where it benefits some people and leaves out others, and then there are some longer—term concerns about, if we develop very powerful systems that

interact with the world in unexpected ways, have a neck spec capabilities, where maintaining control over the systems might be more difficult, and as ian said the fact that we see... we don't entirely understand how these systems work under the hood and we see unexpected capabilities emerge as we scale up the systems of and these are issues that we need to make a lot of progress on. let’s make a lot of progress on. let's talk about _ make a lot of progress on. let's talk about what _ make a lot of progress on. let's talk about what another - make a lot of progress on. let's talk about what another leading figure in the world of ai has said, the co—founder of the leading ai firm has said the uk should encourage more risk—taking if it wants to become an ai superpower. do you think that is the case? do you think that we need to go the other way and take more risks, to be able to get out ahead of the us and europe in terms of rivalry of who gets this technology further along? i think you could find risk—taking in very different rates. if what he

means is we should encourage people to embrace the positive uses of the technology as it exists, i certainly agree. i think if you plan to be involved in coding or web design or many other things, your time one hand behind your back if you do not explore how this technology can be useful to you. if we are talking about taking really, pushing ahead on underlying research and development, to try and gain some sort of local leadership position, i would be more hesitant —— global leadership. i would like to see us look to international collaboration on these and to avoid what i sometimes refer to as a race dynamic, where we push forward for progress at all costs rather than figure and how to go cautiously and carefully and collaboratively. there have been several cases of models police that then got withdrawn again because they had very problems,

sometimes the systems make up facts, sometimes the systems make up facts, sometimes they go a bit haywire when they interact with people, which happened with a language model that was released earlier this year, as we develop more powerful generations of these technologies, the idea we can just release them and then see what goes wrong and then withdraw them, and when i say we i mean the technology companies, i just them, and when i say we i mean the technology companies, ijust don't think that is going to be ok. let’s think that is going to be ok. let's talk about jobs. _ think that is going to be ok. let's talk about jobs. they _ think that is going to be ok. let's talk about jobs. they were briefly talk aboutjobs. they were briefly mentioned by the ai tsar and i think it is what most people watching this potentially are worried about. i have heard from people saying their jobs are to risk because of ai. what do we do about that? where does the answer lie? that do we do about that? where does the answer lie? . , do we do about that? where does the answer lie? ., , ., _, , answer lie? that is a complicated ruestion. answer lie? that is a complicated question- one — answer lie? that is a complicated question. one is _ answer lie? that is a complicated question. one is come _ answer lie? that is a complicated question. one is come explore i answer lie? that is a complicated l question. one is come explore how answer lie? that is a complicated - question. one is come explore how we can use these technologies, another is making sure that we have proper participator he governance, from the various communities going to be effected by the technology, including representatives of the

trade unions. a third aspect is making sure that people whose work is already feeding into these systems, for example graphic art and a lot of the reason the systems work so well is because there is not a lot of art on the internet that is effectively used as data trainee systems, but the people who are developing the art of not being compensated for it. if it is our work feeding these advancements, we need to think about how to support and compensate the people making this possible. ok. and compensate the people making this possible-— this possible. ok, is really good to talk to you — this possible. ok, is really good to talk to you on _ this possible. ok, is really good to talk to you on this. _ this possible. ok, is really good to talk to you on this. thank - this possible. ok, is really good to talk to you on this. thank you - this possible. ok, is really good to talk to you on this. thank you very j talk to you on this. thank you very much indeed. now it is time to say goodbye to our international viewers. those of you here in the uk, though, stay with us on bbc news. scientists are carrying out tests to try to establish why more than 50 pilot whales died yesterday

after being stranded on the isle of lewis in the western isles. it was the largest mass stranding in scotland for decades. the pilot whales, part of the dolphin family, are known to form very strong social bonds. it's thought they came into shallow waters after following one whale which got into difficulties. james shaw reports. a desperately sad scene on a windswept beach on the far north—western edge of the british isles. after they stranded over the weekend, expert teams and local volunteers tried to save those that were still alive. finally, they were euthanised to end their suffering. now there is a huge effort to clear the beach. well, i'm hoping that if things go smoothly at the landfill site today, i'm hoping it will take us sort of two to three days to process all these animals. essentially, once we've taken all the samples and we get them to the lab, that's when things start to process, so it will be a couple of weeks to months, depending on what sort of tests we end up doing. whale strandings are not unusual around the coast of scotland. there are dozens every year.

this was a particularly large one, so the question is, why did it happen? it may have been because one of the pod was having problems at the end of a pregnancy, a situation which has occurred before. an animal was having difficulty giving birth, all the other animals came around it — to protect it, we assumed — but in the process of doing that, the entire pod came into shallow waters and got left by the receding tide. and examining some of the pod should help experts understand whether pollution or other human activity at sea was in any way responsible. james shaw, bbc news. a famous feature of the wiltshire countryside, the westbury white horse, is being fully restored for the first time in 20 years. english heritage is giving it a steam clean and a special paint job, to bring this 182—feet—high hill figure back to its

18th—century glory. from westbury, duncan kennedy reports. in wiltshire, it's time. time for something special. time to renew. time to cleanse. because when it comes to cleaning, there is one horse that needs some serious horsepower. this is the westbury white horse. and it's getting its biggest restoration of this century. the steam will kill any bacteria, and special nontoxic paint, friendly to wildlife, will return it to its original brilliance.

the difference is going to be absolutely dramatic. i mean, already from quite grey that it was, and black, to what we are seeing now, is a huge transformation, and then on top of that, it's actually going to be decorated in quite bright white paint, so it's going to be a dramatic change to the landscape and for westbury. 33 metres — or 108 feet — from nose to tail, it was carved from the chalk hill in 17112 but later covered with concrete. historians believe it may have commemorated a nearby battle. the only fight now is to get rid of the algae to preserve it long—term. it's just such an important icon to people today. not just for the people of westbury, but nationally, everybody knows about this horse, it's just incredibly important historically. yes, we may have forgotten what the battle that it commemorated was about, but it is just such a living part of our heritage in this wonderful landscape. the five—strong team say it should take about eight weeks to complete these works. they say then, if it gets an occasional clean—up,

this splendour should last another 20 years. amid the white hills of wiltshire, a true equine extravaganza. duncan kennedy, bbc news, westbury. lovely. now the weather with ben rich. good evening. there is no sign of any of the heat that's been affecting southern europe heading our way any time soon. but that is probably a good thing when you look at the temperatures that affected large parts of the south of europe and indeed the north of africa during today, temperatures into the middle 40s celsius. but that heat is being trapped in southern europe and north africa. thejet stream is running just about here to the south of it, to the south of it, a persistent area of high pressure feeding in that warmth. to the north of it, an area of low pressure which today has been bringing us north westerly winds, quite a cool feel to the weather

and also quite a few showers, as you can see on our earlier satellite and radar picture. but those showers are now fading in many places. so overnight we're going to be largely dry with some clear spells, although you can see behind me, cloud getting back into northern ireland, parts of wales, maybe the south—west of england later in the night, ahead of some outbreaks of rain. a rather chilly night in north—east scotland, maybe down to four or five degrees. and for tomorrow, well, here's our weather maker — this weather system, an area of low pressure pushing its way in from the west. and this is going to bring some outbreaks of rain. in fact, some quite heavy rain in places to start the day across northern ireland, some of that rain getting into parts of north—west wales. it's going to turn very wet across northern england and also in southern scotland. i think south—west scotland may see some of the wettest weather of all, but to the south of that, some hazy sunshine, and with more of a southerly wind, actually a warmer feel, 23 to 2a degrees. stuck under the cloud and rain, maybejust14 or 15, a slightly drier day than it has been today in the north of scotland. and then as we head through tuesday night, well, that rain could persist for a while in parts of southern scotland, north—east england,

then tending to pull away into the north sea. some clear spells elsewhere. and these are the starting temperatures for wednesday, generally between8 and 1a degrees. now, as we head deeper into the week, we'll see that weather system running away eastwards. high pressure trying to build from the west, but not making a lot of progress. and actually later in the week, it could well be that low pressure starts to return. so what does that mean for our weather? well, it means it is going to stay quite changeable, quite showery and rather cool for the time of year as well. temperatures as we get into the weekends between 16 and 22 degrees. bye for now.

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translation:— blow for russian forces in crimea. translation: another terrorist act