this week, we are going atomic at the european organisation for nuclear research, cern. we will look at the cutting—edge cancer treatments that are foxing the visit six. it cancer treatments that are foxing the visit six.- foxing the visit six. it does not talk — foxing the visit six. it does not talk to _ foxing the visit six. it does not talk to my _ foxing the visit six. it does not talk to my physics - foxing the visit six. it does i not talk to my physics brain. i am curious to see whether it will bring something or not. how does science become fiction? we will meet an author looking for disaster. we fiction? we will meet an author looking for disaster.— looking for disaster. we want conflict. we _ looking for disaster. we want conflict. we want _ looking for disaster. we want conflict. we want to - looking for disaster. we want conflict. we want to see - looking for disaster. we want i conflict. we want to see things falling apart. that is the interesting thing for a fiction writer. �* . , . , writer. and then a scientist with an experiment - writer. and then a scientist with an experiment that. writer. and then a scientist i with an experiment that could change our understanding of everything. it

change our understanding of everything-— everything. it is an unanticipated - everything. it is an l unanticipated result. everything. it is an - unanticipated result. physics and a — unanticipated result. physics and a nobel prize for somebody who happens to be involved. cern — who happens to be involved. cern is_ who happens to be involved. cern is one of the most famous centres for science in the world. on the border of switzerland and france, this place has been expanding our horizons for decades. it's high energy physics research has helped to reveal the secrets of our existence. and i have been allowed in it to meet some of those at the cutting—edge. 2500 people working. 12,000 more pour over the results of the experiments.— pour over the results of the experiments. pour over the results of the exeriments. . , experiments. here at cern it is a really unique _ experiments. here at cern it is a really unique community. - experiments. here at cern it is a really unique community. it . a really unique community. it is an international group of people so we are from all over the world. people so we are from all over the world-— the world. cern is a melting ot of the world. cern is a melting pot of ideas. _ the world. cern is a melting pot of ideas. you _ the world. cern is a melting pot of ideas. you see - the world. cern is a melting pot of ideas. you see people having — pot of ideas. you see people having tea with their friends and — having tea with their friends and they— having tea with their friends and they work on a myriad of different_ and they work on a myriad of different projects. you and they work on a myriad of different projects.— different pro'ects. you can knock on _ different projects. you can knock on the _ different projects. you can knock on the door - different projects. you can knock on the door of - different projects. you can knock on the door of a - different projects. you can i knock on the door of a nobel prize—winning scientist, ask them a question and they will say "let's talk about it and

have a copy." say "let's talk about it and have a cow-"— say "let's talk about it and haveaco ." �*, ., have a copy." everyone's dream to work in _ have a copy." everyone's dream to work in science _ have a copy." everyone's dream to work in science is _ have a copy." everyone's dream to work in science is to - have a copy." everyone's dream to work in science is to go - have a copy." everyone's dream to work in science is to go to . to work in science is to go to a town— to work in science is to go to a town of— to work in science is to go to a town of science and that is what — a town of science and that is what cern is — buzzing with ideas — what cern is — buzzing with ideas. it— what cern is - buzzing with ideas. , ., , ideas. it is also buzzing with ener: ideas. it is also buzzing with energy of — ideas. it is also buzzing with energy of a _ ideas. it is also buzzing with energy of a different - ideas. it is also buzzing with energy of a different kind i ideas. it is also buzzing with l energy of a different kind with giant laboratories that feel almost ramshackle. they are not really though. one thing i love about cern is they seem to have most of the world's supply of tinfoil here. most famously, cern is home to the large hadron collider, the world's biggest machine built to examine the universes smallest particles. it smashes them together at almost the speed of light. the last time i was here, it made me cry. cern let us do science _ here, it made me cry. cern let us do science that _ here, it made me cry. cern let us do science that no _ us do science that no individual country could do by itself, so we can build fantastic machines likely large hadron collider — big, complex

international projects where the world comes together to do what no individual country could do by itself. the stuff that on here _ could do by itself. the stuff that on here is _ could do by itself. the stuff that on here is highly - that on here is highly theoretical and experimental and it kind feels really abstract and not really releva nt to abstract and not really relevant to everyday lives, but plenty of stuff that has been developing a has filtered down to the real world. we will look at the medicine the benefits but in the early 70s this place already had touchscreens and cern was also the birthplace of the world wide web will stop have you heard of it? this computer was the first web server. ~ ., computer was the first web server. ~ . ., ., ., computer was the first web server. ~ . ., ., server. what we are good at in science is _ server. what we are good at in science is managing _ server. what we are good at in science is managing data - server. what we are good at in science is managing data so i science is managing data so science is managing data so science experiments manage lots of data. what the web was to do was to share data between collaborators.— was to share data between collaborators. that belief in shafinu collaborators. that belief in sharing knowledge - collaborators. that belief in sharing knowledge helps i sharing knowledge helps collaboratives like clara who when she is not doing physics is spreading the word on her

socials. ~ ., ., , ., socials. we want to understand how our universe _ socials. we want to understand how our universe works - socials. we want to understand how our universe works on i socials. we want to understand how our universe works on a i how our universe works on a very, very small scale. i went to a school without a physics teacher and so i know first—hand what it is like to not have direct access to that information, and so part of the motivation for me is to make sure that anybody who can get online can learn about what we're doing at cern. 50. online can learn about what we're doing at cern. so, what can this place _ we're doing at cern. so, what can this place do _ we're doing at cern. so, what can this place do more - can this place do more immediately for humanity? well, the high energy beams that are whizzing around cern are created by particle accelerators, big ones. but there are many smaller ones around the world and some of those are in hospitals and they are being used to treat something that will affect a great many of us during our lifetimes — cancer. this is the christie in manchester — europe's largest cancer hospital and it is one of two

places in the uk where cancer patients come to be treated with proton beam therapy. it is a special form of radiotherapy which usually uses radiation high energy x—rays to try and kill tumours in the body but the christy has a particle accelerator and that means they can fire beams of protons at the cancer. can fire beams of protons at the cancer-— can fire beams of protons at the cancer. ~ ., ., ., ., , the cancer. when radiation goes into a patient. — the cancer. when radiation goes into a patient, obviously - the cancer. when radiation goes into a patient, obviously you i into a patient, obviously you want to use it to kill the tumour but it goes through normal healthy tissue and that gives rise to the side effects. that is what makes patients ill, and if you cant reduce the side effects to the normal tissue then you can improve quality of life after the treatment. protons being particles slowed down as they entered the tissue and they stopped within the tumour and do not go any further. x—rays don't stop and so they damage the healthy tissue in front and behind the tumour. find the healthy tissue in front and

behind the tumour.— behind the tumour. and that means that _ behind the tumour. and that means that this _ behind the tumour. and that means that this form - behind the tumour. and that means that this form of i means that this form of radiotherapy can be used in really tricky parts of the body. really tricky parts of the bod . ~ .., really tricky parts of the bod . ~ ., , really tricky parts of the bod. ., body. we can often use protons in cases which _ body. we can often use protons in cases which would _ body. we can often use protons in cases which would be - body. we can often use protons in cases which would be very i in cases which would be very difficult to use conventional treatment where we are going very close to an organ which is radio sensitive. for example, something like the brainstem which we know is very sensitive to radiation. so, it is putting the been precisely into the tumour is not going into the sensitive organ. mil tumour is not going into the sensitive organ.— sensitive organ. all kinds of cancer treatment _ sensitive organ. all kinds of cancer treatment risk i sensitive organ. all kinds of. cancer treatment risk harming healthy tissue near the tumour and research is ongoing around the world to try and minimise this collateral damage. there has been at least one recent, rather strange, finding. it is to do with how quickly and how hard you deliver the dose of radiation, and it is called the flash effect. radiation, and it is called the flash effect-— flash effect. so, you deliver the radiation _ flash effect. so, you deliver the radiation in _ flash effect. so, you deliver the radiation in a _ flash effect. so, you deliver the radiation in a very i the radiation in a very intensive burst to the tumour

instead of on several seconds, for example. you condense it in milliseconds. fora for example. you condense it in milliseconds. for a physicist, this should not make any difference, but it is like when you deliver it like this, the tumour gets damaged, the healthy tissue does not get damaged and it could be game changing because you could forget everything about damaging surrounding tissues, etc, and it is as if the particles would no "this is a healthy cell, this is a cancer cell." . healthy cell, this is a cancer cell.“ ., ., , ., , cell." do we have any idea why it happens? — cell." do we have any idea why it happens? we _ cell." do we have any idea why it happens? we don't - cell." do we have any idea why it happens? we don't know i cell." do we have any idea why| it happens? we don't know the mechanisms. _ it happens? we don't know the mechanisms. we _ it happens? we don't know the mechanisms. we don't - it happens? we don't know the mechanisms. we don't fully i mechanisms. we don't fully understand how flash works. it understand how flash works. [it does understand how flash works. does not understand how flash works. it does not talk to my physics brain. ., . ., , ., does not talk to my physics brain. . . ., , brain. so, i am curious to see whether— brain. so, i am curious to see whether it — brain. so, i am curious to see whether it will _ brain. so, i am curious to see whether it will bring - brain. so, i am curious to see. whether it will bring something or not. ~ ., ., . or not. we have got recent results. — or not. we have got recent results, not _ or not. we have got recent results, not published i or not. we have got recent results, not published yet, that — results, not published yet, that seems to indicate that we do sparely normal tissue and we might— do sparely normal tissue and we might do— do sparely normal tissue and we might do even more damage to the tumour, so it might be even better— the tumour, so it might be even better than people it is. flash

is tremendously exciting and i think— is tremendously exciting and i think it — is tremendously exciting and i think it is _ is tremendously exciting and i think it is a bit "watch this space" _ think it is a bit "watch this sace.�* a . ., think it is a bit "watch this sace,�* . ~' ., think it is a bit "watch this sace.�* . . space." back at cern i am visitin: space." back at cern i am visiting a _ space." back at cern i am visiting a project _ space." back at cern i am visiting a project looking i space." back at cern i am | visiting a project looking at space." back at cern i am i visiting a project looking at a different way to specifically target cancer. this robot is handling a met radioactive material created by cern's experiment looking at doing something really cool with it. they can attach it to specially engineered molecules that you can inject into the body and that will only stick to cancer cells. now, when that happens, the radioactive material shines like a beacon and it can be picked up on scanners, so suddenly you can see exactly where the cancer is. then you can do something that i think sounds even better. you can attach a different type of radioactive material to those engineered molecules and when they stick to the cancer cells they stick to the cancer cells the radioactive material kills only the cancer cells. and they

leave everything around it unharmed. this combination of therapeutics and diagnostics is called theranostics and the peter maccallum cancer centre in australia told us that the ongoing clinical trials have shown that it can improve the quality of life and extend life for some men with aggressive prostate cancer. now, look, when you are dealing with high energy beams, you are going to end up with radioactive staff and environments that you really do not want people hanging around in for too long. so, how do you keep your equipment serviced and nice and clean in places like that? well, you use robots and cern has robots.

iam i am eloise matheson. i am eight mecca tronics engineer at cern. welcome to the cern robotics workshop. this is one of modular robots were useful tasks in the accelerator complex. it has wheels so that he can move side to side easily. we might send robots to an area where a human might not want to go either due to risk of some oxygen depletion or some gas leaks or even if there is presence of radiation. it has got sensors on it. mostly we use cameras to give tele— presence so the operator has a way of controlling and interacting with the robot. here you are looking at the beginning of the prototype of the fcc robot. this might be where the future of cern is going to build a new accelerator 100 kilometres in

circumference and robots will be important as tools you can use for inspection, maintenance and repair but also as first responders. this is a novel robotic system that will give acceleration to the beam and it is important that the inner surface is perfectly machined and so we built this robotic system to take thousands of close—up photos using a liquid lens camera. here you have crane bot and this is useful if we need to access an area that is cluttered so when you drop it down from a crane you are hanging off table so you have swayed momentum but you have these two arms and it is like when you are a human and using your arms to balance yourself so the arms can stop the swaying motion. i so the arms can stop the swaying motion.- so the arms can stop the swaying motion. i am alistair keane with — swaying motion. i am alistair keane with news. _ swaying motion. i am alistair keane with news. elon i swaying motion. i am alistair keane with news. elon musk|

swaying motion. i am alistair. keane with news. elon musk has rehranded — keane with news. elon musk has rebranded twitter as x. a new black— rebranded twitter as x. a new black and _ rebranded twitter as x. a new black and white logo replaces the bluebird on the desktop versions— the bluebird on the desktop versions of the site with twitter— versions of the site with twitter signage on the san francisco headquarters also partially removed. ange it is not a — partially removed. ange it is not a cute _ partially removed. ange it is not a cute animal. it is a different— not a cute animal. it is a different colour scheme. it will — different colour scheme. it will have a totally different appeal— will have a totally different appeal and i think they are throwing the baby out with the bathwater. throwing the baby out with the bathwater-_ throwing the baby out with the bathwater-— bathwater. spotify is raising the prices — bathwater. spotify is raising the prices of _ bathwater. spotify is raising the prices of its _ bathwater. spotify is raising the prices of its premium i bathwater. spotify is raising i the prices of its premium plans for the first time in a 12 years. in the uk individual premium plans will rise by £1 to £10 99 with the family plan cost rising. spotify says the increase will help it deliver more value for fans and artists. video sharing platform tiktok has announced it will and outlet uses creates textbased content. users will be able to upload text only post customised with sound, stickers and locations up to a limit of 1000 words. and the university of sheffield researchers have developed a robot which can venture into

high—risk environments to perform remote medical treatment. the robotic controlled brand vehicle can perform a critical initial assessment of a casualty within 20 minutes while streaming real—time data back to operators. i know how this sounds... but take me seriously. by the time you finish reading this, you might never have existed either. , ., ~ either. he used to think, he thinks that— either. he used to think, he thinks that dark _ either. he used to think, he thinks that dark matter- either. he used to think, he i thinks that dark matter would be the gateway to another universe. he used to think that one day within our lifetimes we would find a way through to whatever adventures might be waiting on the other side. these are the words and voices of a science project with a difference. we heard earlier how important it is for cern to

communicate what it does with the wider world and part of that plan is a book of short stories inspired by the work going on here and written by a variety of well—known authors. we paired up scientists and engineers and authors and they made a story out of it that was not just made a story out of it that was notjust really good fiction but was communicating the signs and what is being done at cern to the wider community. fine to the wider community. one airin: to the wider community. one pairing with _ to the wider community. one pairing with adam _ to the wider community. one pairing with adam and - to the wider community. one pairing with adam and andrea who is a story resulted in the discovery of a hidden world and hidden parts of ourselves sitting right on top of the path that we can see. if sitting right on top of the path that we can see. if there are other _ path that we can see. if there are other realities, _ path that we can see. if there are other realities, based i path that we can see. if there are other realities, based onl are other realities, based on other particles that we have observed so far, they are hiding in plain sight. when i read the description - hiding in plain sight. when i read the description of i read the description of everything that we know and can feel and — everything that we know and can feel and can interact with

might— feel and can interact with mightjust be 20% of feel and can interact with might just be 20% of what feel and can interact with mightjust be 20% of what is actually— mightjust be 20% of what is actually there and that 80% of reality— actually there and that 80% of reality might be completely unseen _ reality might be completely unseen to us, i wasjust totally— unseen to us, i wasjust totally excited by that idea and i— totally excited by that idea and i imagined what if our bodies, _ and i imagined what if our bodies, our biology, was only 20%— bodies, our biology, was only 20% of— bodies, our biology, was only 20% of what is actually there and that _ 20% of what is actually there and that 80% of us, of our organs. _ and that 80% of us, of our organs, might exist in this hidden _ organs, might exist in this hidden sector.— organs, might exist in this hidden sector. how happy to have you _ hidden sector. how happy to have you work _ hidden sector. how happy to have you work we _ hidden sector. how happy to have you work we give i hidden sector. how happy to have you work we give the i hidden sector. how happy to i have you work we give the fact check? i have you work we give the fact check? , , ., ., , check? i interpreted my role as bein: the check? i interpreted my role as being the pedantic _ check? i interpreted my role as being the pedantic one - check? i interpreted my role as being the pedantic one and i i being the pedantic one and i think i was doing that. i said "ok, first, check this out because this is not possible. check it out because it is cumbersome." and then "check this out because it is boring." there are no greater critics than experts in the field. purely scientific. some roof on ideas of connection, separation and reunification.—

and reunification. listen. i want you— and reunification. listen. i want you to _ and reunification. listen. i want you to have - and reunification. listen. ii want you to have something and reunification. listen. i- want you to have something i've held onto — want you to have something i've held onto for a while. she handed _ held onto for a while. she handed over a purple folder. "this— handed over a purple folder. "this is— handed over a purple folder. "this is your adoption file". she — "this is your adoption file". she put— "this is your adoption file". she put her hands on mine and pulled — she put her hands on mine and pulled me _ she put her hands on mine and pulled me into her chest. my body— pulled me into her chest. my body stayed rigid as ever. science—fiction is often dystopian, though. inspired by the times it is written in, and as adam explains, writers often look for how today's technology might take us in more fatalistic directions. i might take us in more fatalistic directions. i will ima . ine fatalistic directions. i will imagine how _ fatalistic directions. i will imagine how it _ fatalistic directions. i will imagine how it might i fatalistic directions. i will imagine how it might go | fatalistic directions. i will i imagine how it might go wrong, because as a fiction writer, i'm not an advertiser, we don't want to sell one of these projects, we want conflict, we want to see things falling apart, that is where the interesting thing is for a fiction writer.— interesting thing is for a fiction writer. ,., , ., ., fiction writer. does that mean most science-fiction, - fiction writer. does that mean most science-fiction, which i most science—fiction, which does feature stuff going wrong, we shouldn't pay too much

attention to it because the writers are naturally drawn to the dark side and we shouldn't be so pessimistic about how technology is going to ruin the world? �* world? but it might highlight thins world? but it might highlight things that — world? but it might highlight things that we _ world? but it might highlight things that we should - world? but it might highlight things that we should be i things that we should be worried about. down the line. as i like to think about science fiction writers as risk assessment offices for the future. we look at what is coming down the line and imagine what might be the consequences of this, and create a piece of fiction or a film about it. we know not to go there then.— go there then. adam, risk assessment _ go there then. adam, risk assessment officer - go there then. adam, risk assessment officer for i go there then. adam, riskj assessment officer for the future, best job assessment officer for the future, bestjob title i've ever heard. future, best 'ob title i've ever heard._ future, best 'ob title i've ever heard. �* , ., ever heard. beyond the viewport is fizzling. _ ever heard. beyond the viewport is fizzling, crackling _ ever heard. beyond the viewport is fizzling, crackling sliver - is fizzling, crackling sliver of light, _ is fizzling, crackling sliver of light, reaching - is fizzling, crackling sliver of light, reaching is fizzling, crackling sliver of li-ht, reachin- tendrils is fizzling, crackling sliver of light, reaching is fizzling, crackling sliver of li-ht, reachin- tendrils as of light, reaching tendrils as i of light, reaching tendrils as iwatch, _ of light, reaching tendrils as iwatch, one _ of light, reaching tendrils as i watch, one curls _ of light, reaching tendrils as i watch, one curls up- of light, reaching tendrils as i watch, one curls up wouldl i watch, one curls up would like — i watch, one curls up would like an— i watch, one curls up would like an organic— i watch, one curls up would like an organic plant- i watch, one curls up wouldl like an organic plant seeking light, — like an organic plant seeking light, how— like an organic plant seeking light, how are _ like an organic plant seeking light, how are —— _ like an organic plant seeking light, how are —— higher- like an organic plant seeking light, how are —— higherandj light, how are —— higherand higher— light, how are —— higherand higher into— light, how are —— higherand higher into the vacuum i light, how are —— higherand higher into the vacuum of. higher into the vacuum of space _ higher into the vacuum of space. millions _ higher into the vacuum of space. millions of - higher into the vacuum of space. millions of miles. higher into the vacuum of- space. millions of miles above its point — space. millions of miles above

its point of— space. millions of miles above its point of origin. _ space. millions of miles above its point of origin. find- space. millions of miles above its point of origin.— its point of origin. and that last except _ its point of origin. and that last except was _ its point of origin. and that last except was based i its point of origin. and that last except was based on i its point of origin. and that | last except was based on an experiment happening here at cern that could very soon change the world. it is something that i am about to come face—to—face with. this is a lab that attract the heaviest metal.— this is a lab that attract the heaviest metal. metallica, the -ixies, heaviest metal. metallica, the pixies. arcade _ heaviest metal. metallica, the pixies, arcade fire _ heaviest metal. metallica, the pixies, arcade fire was - heaviest metal. metallica, the pixies, arcade fire was here, | pixies, arcade fire was here, muse was here. bill pixies, arcade fire was here, muse was here.— pixies, arcade fire was here, muse was here. all of the rock stars want _ muse was here. all of the rock stars want to _ muse was here. all of the rock stars want to meet _ muse was here. all of the rock stars want to meet jeffrey, i stars want to meetjeffrey, whose decade—long project, no, obsession, could be about to make him a legend. in this building, they are making the rarest and most expensive material in the known universe. anti— matter. antimatter is the stuff of

science fiction, that turns out to be science fact. our universe is made of tiny particles of matter, and in theory, every type of particle has an equivalent anti— particle. an evil twin that is the same in almost every way. but the thing is, there is almost none of it in the known universe. which is actually quite a good thing — because anti— matter and matter did not get along. so what happens when matter meets anti— matter? thea;r matter meets anti- matter? they are incompatible, _ matter meets anti- matter? they are incompatible, they _ are incompatible, they annihilate each other and release a bunch of energy or other particles, it is microscopically nasty business. yeah, that is an understatement, shall we say. the enormous release of energy when the two meet has inspired science fiction writers to imagine it being used to create the ultimate weapon. to power entire civilisations, and to

provide enough fuel to explore the galaxy. one of the popular themes and science—fiction is we use matter and anti— matter, combine them to produce almost limitless energy. is that going to be possible?— limitless energy. is that going to be possible? when you stated like that, it's _ to be possible? when you stated like that, it's exactly _ to be possible? when you stated like that, it's exactly true. i like that, it's exactly true. if you have some anti— matter and used it to annihilate matter, you make an incredible amount of energy per kilogram. that is what anti— matter does. the problem is we don't have any, we have to make it. and we kind of suck at making it in terms of how much energy we need to put into it. so it takes much more energy than you would ever get out again, it is a complete loser from the science—fiction standpoint. so i can't help you out with the starship. i can't help you out with the starship— starship. that makes me a little bit — starship. that makes me a little bit sad. _ starship. that makes me a | little bit sad. nonetheless, here at the antimatter factory — yes, that's actual name — jeffrey has succeeded in creating the opposite of the simplest element in the universe. anti— hydrogen. once

the anti— matter is created, flies really fast around the ring that is behind all of these thick concrete blocks. and you know what thick concrete blocks mean, it means you really don't want to be anywhere near a to the stuff thatis anywhere near a to the stuff that is inside of it. at looking at how anti— hydrogen behaves, jeffrey is hoping to look at one of the universe's biggest mysteries. why is there no anti— matter left in the universe? shouldn't matter and anti— matter have been created in equal amounts at the big bang, and shouldn't all have just cancelled out, leaving nothing behind? jeffrey's project is looking for an explanation, by testing to see if there is a slight imbalance. if anti— hydrogen does not in fact behave the same as normal hydrogen. maybe gravity affects

it ever so slightly differently.- it ever so slightly differently. it ever so slightly differentl . , , ., , it ever so slightly differentl. , , ., differently. this is the top of the alpha — differently. this is the top of the alpha g _ differently. this is the top of the alpha g machine, - differently. this is the top of the alpha g machine, where| differently. this is the top of. the alpha g machine, where g stands for gravity. this is the device that we are using to try and answer the question of what happens to anti— matter if you drop it in the gravitational field of the earth. if drop it in the gravitational field of the earth.- field of the earth. if your experiment _ field of the earth. if your experiment found - field of the earth. if your experiment found that i field of the earth. if your i experiment found that anti- experiment found that anti— hydrogen falls up instead of down under gravity, what happens next?— down under gravity, what happens next? that would be su er happens next? that would be super cool- — happens next? that would be super cool. that _ happens next? that would be super cool. that would i happens next? that would be super cool. that would be i happens next? that would be super cool. that would be a i super cool. that would be a complete revolution in science. that is a completely unanticipated result and would mean new physics and probably a nobel prize for somebody who happens to be involved. i nobel prize for somebody who happens to be involved. i don't want to say _ happens to be involved. i don't want to say me, _ happens to be involved. i don't want to say me, because i i happens to be involved. i don't| want to say me, because i help bring the news to everyone, so do i get a bit of it? i bring the news to everyone, so do i get a bit of it?— do i get a bit of it? i will invite you. _ do i get a bit of it? i will invite you. maybe i do i get a bit of it? i will invite you. maybe that l do i get a bit of it? i will| invite you. maybe that is do i get a bit of it? i will- invite you. maybe that is why the rock legends _ invite you. maybe that is why the rock legends want - invite you. maybe that is why the rock legends want to - invite you. maybe that is why i the rock legends want to come here. mature stars wanting to witness the birth of a new one. would i be able to...

witness the birth of a new one. would i be able to. . ._ would i be able to... yeah, you are not technically _ would i be able to... yeah, you are not technically a _ would i be able to... yeah, you are not technically a rockstar i are not technically a rockstar but you are rockstar journalist, so do us the honour. i journalist, so do us the honour-— journalist, so do us the honour. ., �* , ., honour. i mean, there's not much to _ honour. i mean, there's not much to my _ honour. i mean, there's not much to my signature. - honour. i mean, there's not much to my signature. i'ml honour. i mean, there's not| much to my signature. i'm a little bit underwhelmed, - much to my signature. i'm a | little bit underwhelmed, i've got to admit. it little bit underwhelmed, i've got to admit.— got to admit. it does say permanent _ got to admit. it does say permanent marker, - got to admit. it does say permanent marker, i - got to admit. it does say| permanent marker, i was expecting you to give me a dry wipe so as soon as we argon... there is a chance that you at some point will make a discovery which changes science. ababiy a good thing for you personally? obviously eah, it for you personally? obviously yeah. it is _ for you personally? obviously yeah, it is what _ for you personally? obviously yeah, it is what we _ for you personally? obviously yeah, it is what we all - for you personally? obviously yeah, it is what we all bring l yeah, it is what we all bring about is to find something completely new that kind of upturns the applecart, it is a dream we all have. are upturns the applecart, it is a dream we all have.— dream we all have. are you ready for — dream we all have. are you ready for that, _ dream we all have. are you | ready for that, emotionally? absolutely! and that is it from click at cern. what a truly mind—boggling place this is. i hope you had half as much fun

watching it as i have had making it, it's been amazing. so much for watching and we will see you soon. hello, thanks for joining hello, thanks forjoining me. we will have a look at the webinarfor we will have a look at the webinar for the we will have a look at the webinarfor the next we will have a look at the webinar for the next ten days orso webinar for the next ten days or so and i am sure many of us would agree thatjuly has been very unsettled and indeed very wet in many parts of the country. if we look at the computer models for the next ten days, they are indicating further unsettled weather with a strong jetstream sweeping across the atlantic, pointing right at us. and further low pressures are expected to swing our way. this is the more recent bud light

teacher —— satellite teacher, further systems developing off the coast of canada. here is the coast of canada. here is the jetstream over the next few days. it is sweeping right across the atlantic and broadly speaking, according to the schematic here, does separate that cold air from the northern climates, from the warm air across the south and it is this temperature gradient, the difference that drives this jetstream, and of course the jetstream, and of course the jetstream sweeps in the weather systems, develops these low pressures and here is the rainfall pattern notjust across the uk but indeed europe, you can see how dry and sunny the weather is across the south, whereas here in central and northern parts of europe, we have the rain. some of the rainfall he will be from thunderstorms, across our neck of the woods it will be from weather system sweeping them away. we have had plenty of those. look at the rainfall until about 27july, in until about 27 july, in northern until about 27july, in northern ireland we have had 184% of northern ireland we have had 181i% of the average, in england

about 163%, 181i% of the average, in england about163%, but 181i% of the average, in england about 163%, but from one region to another, that actually varies greatly, the north—west of the country has been even wetter than that. let's look at the weather forecast for the weekend, sunny spells and scattered showers. here is the area of low pressure sweeping across the uk, that also means fairly blustery conditions, this is the picture around lunchtime. so let's start with the morning. not particularly cold, temperatures will be around 12— 15 degrees celsius and already in the morning some of us will be waking up to a scattering of showers, but also plenty of sunshine around as well. here is the low centre, brisk winds on the southern flank of this area of low pressure, quite gusty around some of these western coasts, the showers will form across northern ireland, parts of scotland and northern england, so if you live in the south and southeast i think that is where the best of the weather will be. but for the cricket, it does look as though there is a chance of showers pretty much every day and of course it is scheduled until monday. let's look at the forecast for

saturday, here is thejetstream once again and another area of low pressure waiting in the wings. this time i think extensive cloud sweeping into western and south—western parts of the country early on sunday morning, rain and drizzle, murky around the coast, not everywhere— in fact across scotland there will be sunshine in aberdeen, not looking bad for the borders and also the northeast, temperatures not far off 20 celsius. that is sunday, here is the outlook for the week ahead, next week that is. temperatures typically around the low 20s across the south of the low 20s across the south of the country, the high teens in the country, the high teens in the north and from the weather icons you gather that the weather will be quite changeable with frequent showers. as we head into early august, yes, briefly high pressure will pay us a visit, but does mean sunnier, warmer weather but quickly low pressure will once again sweep into the west with yet more unsettled weather.

there are no greater critics than experts in the field.

live from washington, this is bbc news. the nation of niger is in limbo as its democratically elected president has been overthrown in a military coup. for the first time donald trump and ron desantis will share the same stage in the us state of iowa. and nearly two—thirds of the us

is now under heat advisories, including texas, which has been gripped by excessive heat. i'm helena humphrey. good to have you with us. the nation of niger is grappling with the ramifications of a military coup. niger's democratically elected president mohamed bazoum was overthrown as part of the coup and detained. bazoum was first elected to office in april 2021 in niger's first peaceful democratic transfer of power. on friday, general abdourahamanay tchiani, who also goes by 0mar tchiani, appeared on state television, announcing himself as the country's new ruler. he was dressed in full military gear as he read a statement on behalf of niger's national council for the safeguarding of the homeland. he urged the population to remain calm. have a listen.

translation: