' horizon for expanding our horizon for decades. its high—energy physics research has helped reveal the secrets of our existence. and i have been allowed in to meet some of those at the cutting edge. 2500 people work year, 12,000 more pour over the results of the experiments. it pour over the results of the experiments.— experiments. it is a really uniuue experiments. it is a really unique community, - experiments. it is a really unique community, an - unique community, an international group of people so we are from all over the world. you cannot on the door of the mobile prize—winning scientist asked the question and they will say, comment, let's talk about another coffee. �* , ., let's talk about another coffee. �* ,, , let's talk about another coffee. �* ., h coffee. a young boy or girl's dream token _ coffee. a young boy or girl's dream token science, - coffee. a young boy or girl's dream token science, a - coffee. a young boy or girl's i dream token science, a dream coffee. a young boy or girl's - dream token science, a dream is to work— dream token science, a dream is to work here where it is buzzing _ to work here where it is buzzing with ideas. it to work here where it is buzzing with ideas.- to work here where it is buzzing with ideas. it is also buzzin: buzzing with ideas. it is also buzzing with _ buzzing with ideas. it is also buzzing with energy - buzzing with ideas. it is also buzzing with energy of- buzzing with ideas. it is also buzzing with energy of a - buzzing with energy of a different kind with giant laboratories that field all this ramshackle. they are not really though. 0ne this ramshackle. they are not really though. one thing i love about cern as they seem to have

the most supply of tinfoil in the most supply of tinfoil in the world. most famously cern is home to the largest was my biggest machine built to examine the universe's smallest particles. it splashes them together at almost the speed of light. the last time i was here, it made me cry. cern let us do science _ here, it made me cry. cern let us do science but _ here, it made me cry. cern let us do science but no _ here, it made me cry. cern let us do science but no individual| us do science but no individual country can do by itself. we can build fantastic machines, big, complex projects whether outcomes together to do it. the thing about _ outcomes together to do it. the thing about this place is the study don't like stuff that goes on here is highly theoretical and experimental and it kinda feels really abstract. not really relevant to our everyday lives. but plenty of stuff that's been developed she has filtered down to the real world. the

high—energy beams whizzing around cern are created by particle accelerators. big ones. there are many smaller ones. there are many smaller ones around the world and some of those are in hospitals. they are being used to treat something that will affect a great many of us during our lifetimes. cancer. this is the largest cairns hospital in europe, one of two places in the uk were cancer patients come to be treated with proton beam therapy, a special form of radiotherapy which normally uses radiation, high x—rays, to try to kill tumours in the body. but the christie has a particle accelerator and that means they can fire beams of protons cancer.— means they can fire beams of protons cancer. when radiation noes protons cancer. when radiation aoes into protons cancer. when radiation goes into a _ protons cancer. when radiation goes into a patient, _ protons cancer. when radiation goes into a patient, obviously i goes into a patient, obviously want to use it to kill the dumas but it goes through

normal healthy tissue that gives rise to the side—effects. protons being particles slow down as they enter the tissue and they stopped within the tumour and don't go any further. tumour and don't go any further-— tumour and don't go any further. . . , ., , further. that means that this form of radiotherapy - further. that means that this form of radiotherapy can - further. that means that this form of radiotherapy can be l form of radiotherapy can be used in really tricky parts of the body. used in really tricky parts of the body-— the body. for example, something _ the body. for example, something like - the body. for example, something like the - the body. for example, - something like the brainstem which we know is very sensitive to radiation, so it is very much putting the been precisely to the tumour are not going into the sensitive organ. gilii into the sensitive organ. all es of into the sensitive organ. all types of cancer treatment risk harming healthy tissue near to the tumour. research is ongoing around the world to try to minimise this collateral damage. there is been at least one recent, rather strange finding. it's to do with how quickly and how hard you deliver the dose of radiation. and it is called the flash aah effect. ,, ., and it is called the flash aah effect, effect. so you deliver the radiation _ effect. so you deliver the radiation in _ effect. so you deliver the radiation in a _ effect. so you deliver the radiation in a very - effect. so you deliver the radiation in a very tense l effect. so you deliver the| radiation in a very tense a burst— radiation in a very tense a burst of— radiation in a very tense a burst of the tumour. it goes on

for milliseconds. for a physicist, this should not make a difference but it seems like you deliver radiation, the tunwur— you deliver radiation, the tumour gets damaged, the healthy— tumour gets damaged, the healthy tissue does not get damaged and of course it could be game — damaged and of course it could be game changing because you could _ be game changing because you could forget everything about damaging to surrounding tissues. it is as if the particles know this is a healthy cell, this is a cancer ceii~ — healthy cell, this is a cancer cell. ~ ., ., . cell. we have got recent results. _ cell. we have got recent results, not _ cell. we have got recent results, not published . cell. we have got recent i results, not published yet, that seem to indicate that we do spare the normal tissue and we might do even more damage to the tumour so it might be even better than people say it is. flash is tremendously exciting and i think it is a bit watch this space. and i think it is a bit watch this space-— and i think it is a bit watch this space-— and i think it is a bit watch this sace. . ~' ., ., this space. back at cern i am visitin: this space. back at cern i am visiting proiect _ this space. back at cern i am visiting project looking - this space. back at cern i am visiting project looking for i this space. back at cern i am visiting project looking for a l visiting project looking for a different way to specifically

target cancer. this robot is handling the radioactive material created by cern's but assist experiment, looking at doing something really cool. they can attach it to specially engineered molecules that you can inject into the body and which will only stick to cancer cells. and when that happens, the radioactive material shines like a bigot and it can be picked up on scanners, suddenly you can see exactly cancer is. then you can do something that i think sounds even better. you can attach a different type of radioactive material to those engineered molecules and when they stick to the cancer cells, they stick to the cancer cells, the radioactive material only the radioactive material only the cancer cells. and they leave everything else around it unharmed. this combination of therapeutics and diagnostics is called theranos sticks, used in

the treatment of some prostate cancer is approved in the us in 2022. the peter maccallum cancer centre in australia told us their ongoing clinical trials have shown it can improve the quality of life and extend life for some men with aggressive prostate cancer. this is the love that attracts the heaviest metal. metallica, the heaviest metal. metallica, the pixies. _ the heaviest metal. metallica, the pixies, arcade _ the heaviest metal. metallica, the pixies, arcade fire - the heaviest metal. metallica, the pixies, arcade fire was - the pixies, arcade fire was here, my friend roger waters down here along the bottom. lise down here along the bottom. use was here. down here along the bottom. use was here- all— down here along the bottom. use was here. all the rock stars want to meetjeffrey packs, whose decades long project, obsession, could be about make him a legend. in this building they are making the rarest and

most expensive material in the known universe. anti— matter! it is the stuff of science fiction that turns out to be science fact. 0ur universe is made of tiny particles of matter and in theory every type of particle as an equivalent anti— particle. an evil twin thatis anti— particle. an evil twin that is the same in almost every way. but the thing is, there is almost none of it in there is almost none of it in the known universe. which is actually quite a good thing. because anti—matter and matter do not get along. so what happens when matter meets anti—matter? happens when matter meets anti-matter?— anti-matter? well, they are incompatible, _ anti-matter? well, they are incompatible, they - anti-matter? well, they are l incompatible, they annihilate each other and release the budget energy or other particles. it's a microscopically nasty business. yes, that's an understatement, can we say. the enormous release of energy when the two

has inspired science fiction writers to imagine it being used to create the ultimate weapon, to power entire civilisations, and bright enough fuel to explore the galaxy. 0ne enough fuel to explore the galaxy. one of the popular themes of science fiction is themes of science fiction is the use matter and anti—matter kamaka by the produce almost limitless energy. is that even possible? limitless energy. is that even ossible? ~ limitless energy. is that even possible?— limitless energy. is that even ossible? ~ , ., ~ possible? when you said it like that it is exactly _ possible? when you said it like that it is exactly true. - possible? when you said it like that it is exactly true. if - possible? when you said it like that it is exactly true. if you . that it is exactly true. if you had some anti—matter only used it to annihilate matter, you make an incredible amount of energy per kilogram. that's what marty mattner does. the problem is we don't have any. we have to make it and we kind of stuff making it in terms of how energy we need to put into it. it takes much more energy than you would ever get out again. it's a complete loser from the science standpoint so i can't help you out with the starship. i can't help you out with the starship-_ i can't help you out with the starshi -. a, ~ , ., , starship. makes me a little bit sad. nonetheless, _ starship. makes me a little bit

sad. nonetheless, here- starship. makes me a little bit sad. nonetheless, here at- starship. makes me a little bit sad. nonetheless, here at thej sad. nonetheless, here at the anti—matter factory, sad. nonetheless, here at the anti—matterfactory, yes, that anti—matter factory, yes, that its anti—matterfactory, yes, that its actual name, jeffrey has acceded to create the opposite of the simplest element in the universe. anti— hydrogen. 0nce universe. anti— hydrogen. once the anti— matter is created, it flies really, really fast around every that is behind all of these concrete blocks. and you know a thick concrete blocks in? you don't want to be near stuffed them. by looking at how antihydrogen behaves, geoffrey hopes to answer one of the universe's biggest mysteries. why is there no anti—matter left in the universe? shouldn't matter and anti—matter have been created equal amounts in the big bang and shouldn't all have just cancelled out, leaving nothing behind? geoffrey's project is looking for an explanation by testing to see if there is a

slight imbalance. if antihydrogen does not in fact behave the same as normal hydrogen. maybe gravity affects it ever so slightly differently.- it ever so slightly differently. it ever so slightly differentl . , , ., , it ever so slightly differentl. , , ., differently. this is the top of the alpha — differently. this is the top of the alpha g _ differently. this is the top of the alpha g machine - differently. this is the top of the alpha g machine were i the alpha g machine were anti—matter stands for the gravity —— g stands for gravity. it tries to as the question what happens to anti—matter if you drop it in the attic gravitational field. if you research found antihydrogen falls up is that of down, under gravity, what happens next?— of down, under gravity, what happens next? that would be su er happens next? that would be surzer cool. — happens next? that would be super cool, that _ happens next? that would be super cool, that would - happens next? that would be super cool, that would be - happens next? that would be super cool, that would be a i super cool, that would be a complete revolution insights. that they could quickly and it results and would mean new physics and probably a nobel prize for somebody happens to be involved. find prize for somebody happens to be involved.— be involved. and also me because _ be involved. and also me because i _ be involved. and also me because i helped - be involved. and also me because i helped bring i be involved. and also me | because i helped bring the be involved. and also me i because i helped bring the news to everyone, so could i get a bit of it? i to everyone, so could i get a bit of it?— bit of it? i will invite you. and that's _

bit of it? i will invite you. and that's all _ bit of it? i will invite you. and that's all we - bit of it? i will invite you. and that's all we have i bit of it? i will invite you. i and that's all we have time for in the shortcut of click at cern. check out the full—length version. there is more mind—boggling stuff there for you. thanks for watching and we will see you soon. wet and windy weather on the way for wednesday. more on that in a second. but first of all, we start off with the news that for northern ireland, we've had the wettestjuly on record, with over double the averagejuly rainfall. those records go back to 1836. it was also the wettestjuly on record for greater manchester, merseyside and lancashire as well. now, we've got more rain to come through wednesday. this area of low pressure continues to strengthen and we're going to see a swathe of particularly strong

winds just running to the south of this hook of cloud you can see just here. now, that is going to be working into the south—west of the uk, but already those winds are picking up across south west england, across southern parts of wales, as our band of rain gets driven northwards and eastwards across much of the country. and, ok, it's going to be a mild start to the day on wednesday, but those winds will continue to strengthen during the first part of the morning. the windiest weather works in across the south coast of england, where we're looking at gusts of around a0 to 55 miles an hour. even stronger for northern france and the channel islands, where we could see gusts of 60—odd miles an hour. now, winds that strong could bring down one or two trees, so you might find some localised disruption. you might also see the ferries running with even some cancellations or delays, so it might be worth checking before travelling if you have plans that way. there'll be plenty of heavy downpours for england and wales, some thunder mixed in, some really heavy downpours. but for northern scotland, well, this is probably where the brightest, driest weather is going to be. you'll manage a little bit of sunshine. it probably won't be too bad a day. now, through wednesday night,

the worst of the rain clears away eastwards, but you can still see some tightly packed isobars across the uk as we head into thursday. it will be a blustery day, with some of the strongest winds this time heading into northern ireland, driving in frequent showers here. there'll also be loads of showers for northern areas of scotland. but across inland areas, you probably have to wait, really, until the afternoon until we start to see those showers become really widespread and heavy. now, it's not going to be the warmest of days for for august, with temperatures generally high teens, maybejust about the low 20s. and that kind of weather pattern continues friday and into the weekend. we might even see some longer spells of rain across england and wales as the low pressure potentially moves its way in this weekend. but if you're fed up with being rained on over the last, what, six or seven weeks, better news for next week. it looks like we might have found the first signs of something that resembles summer late next week.

live from washington, this is bbc news. former us president donald trump has been indicted over his alleged efforts to overturn the results of the 2020 election. he's been charged on four counts, including conspiring to defraud the united states and conspiring against the rights of citizens. donald trump has called it "another fake indictment" and an attempt to interfere in the 2024 presidential election campaign.

hello, i'm sumi somaskanda. former president donald trump has been indicted over his efforts to overturn the results of the 2020 election — the most serious legal threat yet to the former president as he campaigns to return to the white house. he's charged with four counts in the 45—page indictment brought by special counseljack smith. the charges are: conspiracy to defraud the united states, conspiracy to obstruct an official proceeding, obstruction of and attempt to obstruct an official proceeding and conspiracy against the rights of citizens. special counseljack smith underscored the severity of the charges earlier. the attack on our nation's capital onjanuary six, 2021 was an unprecedented assault on the seat of american democracy.

described in the indictment that was fuelled by lies,