the last hour, few hours. just in the last hour, the met office has issued an amber weather warning. the met office has issued an amber weatherwarning. be the met office has issued an amber weather warning. be prepared for further disruption due to the strength of the winds, gusts in excess of 50 to 70 miles an hour along exposed coasts wales and south—west england. so a miserable to our saturday morning, but the low will push quickly eastwards, and then spiralling around the centre of then spiralling around the centre of the loan, we see a rash of sharp, thundery downpours. fewer showers into the afternoon for northern ireland and scotland, but look at these temperatures. pretty disappointing, i'm afraid, for august. as we move into sunday, that storm is as a way. a quieter start. there will be some sunshine around first thing. as few scattered showers and the afternoon, particularly the north and west as we get through the day. but with a bit more sunshine comes a bit more warmth, so a better second half of the weekend. that is still pretty disappointing for this time of year. sunshine or longer spells of rain as

we go through monday and tuesday, but here it is. this high pressure is set to build through the middle part of the week. we haven't had high pressure with us for quite some time, and that should allow a bit more in the way of dry settled and some sunshine to look forward to. thanks. and that's bbc news at ten. as new figures emerge about the temperature of the oceans, and whether this country's infrastructure is up to it, we'll pull apart our climate targets and how we might meet them. the chair of the world's top

body on the science — the intergovernmental panel on climate change — is with us in the studio. why afghan migrants trying to find homes in this country find themselves caught between a rock and a hard place. we're joined by an afghan refugee facing homelessness in southend and the chair of the local government association. things have changed. and as disney phases out dvds in australia, are physical media doomed as people switch to streaming, or do vinyl records show us the dangers of writing them off? good evening. we hear the jargon of climate change almost daily now, from net zero to carbon neutral. it makes many people anxious, mobilises others politically and of course there are many who reject the scientists�* models. at times, what ought to be a global consensus gets subsumed in national differences and culture wars.

so at what point does the rhetoric of groups like extinction rebellion, or suggestions that the world has already entered a climate emergency doom spiral exacerbate these differences rather than spurring action? we'll discuss that in a moment but first, kate's here to explain how the target of limiting global warming to 1.5 degrees has become central to the debate. so, whistle—stop history time. it's 2015. after years of climate talks failed to ensure global commitments to reducing emissions, the world is about to come together and have another go in paris. they already have a target in mind. five years earlier, countries signed up to the cancun agreement, promising to "hold the increase in global average temperature below 2 degrees above pre—industrial levels". but the alliance of small island states have another proposal. they worry that even at 2 degrees of warming, entire countries are still at risk of being completely engulfed by the ocean. their slogan is 1.5 to stay alive. it's effective.

the paris agreement, which set out the framework for international community to try and lower emissions ultimately, says countries will hold global average temperature rises to well below 2 degrees, and pursue efforts to limit the temperature increase to 1.5. as it's signed, the un's intergovernmental panel on climate change, the ipcc, are asked to produce a report on the difference between 1.5 and 2 degrees of warming. that came out in 2018. it found things like sea level rise is projected to be around 0.1 metres lower at 1.5 compared to 2 degrees. without adaptation, that could mean 10 million fewer people affected. the risk of irreversible ecosystem loss would also be lower. at 1.5 degrees, for example, a further 70?90% of coral reefs would be lost. at 2 degrees, it's more than 99%. and ice—free arctic summers would be kept to once a century rather than once a decade. to keep temperature rises below 1.5, it suggested emissions would need to be almost halved by 2030,

and reach net zero around 2050. this chance to avoid the worst climate consequences grabbed the public imagination. headlines announced there were 12 years to save the planet. activists like greta thunberg quoted from the report as they addressed politicians. by 2021, over 130 countries were considering a net zero commitment. 1.5 degrees became a totemic figure in the public imagination. this impact was partly because of the role of the ipcc. it brings together thousands of researchers to compile the best science. but remember, it stands not for international, but the intergovernmental panel on climate change. each ipcc report has a section called the summary for policymakers. and before that is published, government representatives and scientists get in a room and go over it word by word until everyone can agree. the intended benefit is that when politicians later turn up at big climate summits, no—one can come into the negotiations and say, actually, i don't think burning coal releases emissions, because they've already agreed on the science. when governments had acknowledged a 1.5 degree temperature

rise meant lower risk, activists could use that to try and press them into action. but while 1.5 stuck in people's minds, the science doesn't come with hard limits. it works on probability and risk. you can see that here, risks become higher, or darker, as temperature rises increase, but it's a continuum. 1.6 is more risky than 1.5, less risky than 1.7. every fraction of a degree makes a difference to the chance of negative events. this week, the new chair of the ipcc, jim skea, told german newspapers, "the world won't end at 1.5 degrees warming." in doing so, he wasn't saying anything unscientific. he added a 1.5 degree world would be more dangerous, and every action taken to mitigate risks would help. but the comments were interpreted by some as a blunt message for environmental campaigners, by others as underplaying the risks to vulnerable communities. attempts to hit the global 1.5 target are a delicate balance. as our efforts to communicate the climate. let's talk now tojim skea,

professor of sustainable energy at imperial college, who's just been appointed to chair the intergovernmental panel on climate change, which is the world's foremost authority on climate science. welcome and i suppose congratulations are in order for getting the chairmanship let's start with the basic question kate gave us the history of the 1.5 degrees target but is it achievable? it is still possible _ target but is it achievable? it 3 still possible to achieve that target in principle but as we have emphasised frequently, it needs really radical action to cut emissions substantially. kate mentioned nearly cutting emissions by half by 2030 and we need to start on it really quickly because we have been giving this message for five years now. fast and rapid and deep is really what we need to go to if we are going to keep 1.5 within reach. d0 we are going to keep 1.5 within reach. ,, ~ _ , reach. do you think the urgency is there, in western _ reach. do you think the urgency is

there, in western europe - reach. do you think the urgency is there, in western europe for- there, in western europe for example?— there, in western europe for examle? . ., . ., , there, in western europe for examle? ~ ., ., ., , ., example? we are waiting to see what ha ens. example? we are waiting to see what happens- we — example? we are waiting to see what happens- we had _ example? we are waiting to see what happens. we had predicted _ example? we are waiting to see what happens. we had predicted that - example? we are waiting to see what happens. we had predicted that on i happens. we had predicted that on the basis of current policies in place all around the world, we could be heading towards around three degrees warming by the end of this century, not1.5 degrees warming by the end of this century, not 1.5 degrees, and never mind 2 degrees. so there was a big gap between what we need to do and what we are actually doing at the moment. �* �* , , moment. right. and it's interesting ou cive a moment. right. and it's interesting you give a figure — moment. right. and it's interesting you give a figure of _ moment. right. and it's interesting you give a figure of three _ moment. right. and it's interesting you give a figure of three degrees l you give a figure of three degrees as a potential upside figure on this. some people have been critical of you for saying that we could live with 1.5 degrees for saying that it would not put human existence into doubt. how do you defend that? i think i would stand by that comment but lets just emphasise that the effects of climate change affects different people differently and frankly, for small island developing states, low lying islands, this is an existential, it affects their existence as nations. so it is

accidentalfor some people, perhaps accidental for some people, perhaps not for the accidentalfor some people, perhaps not for the human race as a whole, but there are groups of people within this world who are experiencing the dire effects of climate change already and we cannot avoid that. ~ ., , ., ,., climate change already and we cannot avoid that. ~ ., , ., ., avoid that. we do see a sort of counterargument _ avoid that. we do see a sort of counterargument building - avoid that. we do see a sort of counterargument building up l avoid that. we do see a sort of| counterargument building up of people saying come spending to save the island is either colossal or impossible. we should spend to adapt. the higher the walls, other kind of things that could be done to mitigate. what is your response? adaptation is honestly part of the picture but we demonstrated quite clearly in the last report that the benefits avoided impacts for any action are far higher than the costs of mitigation. at the cost benefit quite clearly points to more ambitious action at the moment. that it's notjust mitigation, we do have to look at the adaptation side as well because there are inevitable effects of climate change coming

along and we need to adapt and mitigate. it along and we need to adapt and mitiuate. , . . , ., ., mitigate. it is a false alternative, in other words? _ mitigate. it is a false alternative, in other words? it _ mitigate. it is a false alternative, in other words? it is, _ mitigate. it is a false alternative, in other words? it is, we - mitigate. it is a false alternative, in other words? it is, we need i mitigate. it is a false alternative, in other words? it is, we need to| mitigate. it is a false alternative, i in other words? it is, we need to do both. climate _ in other words? it is, we need to do both, climate action _ in other words? it is, we need to do both, climate action covers - in other words? it is, we need to do both, climate action covers both, i both, climate action covers both, and there are many actions that we can take that drink both mitigation and adaptation benefits at the same time. more green space in cities, more water in cities will help to call them, reduce air conditioning needs. there are many missions deliver quick measures like agricultural practices in the soil that can be both at the same time. we talked about the potential dangers of downplaying the risk to humanity but presumably on the other side of the adamant, if people say we are in an irreversible doom spiral warming now an irreversible climate change or momentum, that presumably has an effect on the public climate as well, the climate for taking tough action? we actually think there was _ for taking tough action? we actually think there was a _ for taking tough action? we actually think there was a delicate _ for taking tough action? we actually think there was a delicate balance i think there was a delicate balance to be struck between highlighting the very high risk of climate change that we are seeing already but also

emphasising the fact that human beings have the agency to do something about this. we have the tools, the technologies, the measures to get on with it and frankly, we want to get the message that we can counter some of the doom and despair by sending them messages of hope about what we can actually achieve to avoid the worst impacts of climate change.— of climate change. is despair in our of climate change. is despair in your mind. _ of climate change. is despair in your mind. is — of climate change. is despair in your mind, is it _ of climate change. is despair in your mind, is it a _ of climate change. is despair in your mind, is it a short - of climate change. is despair in| your mind, is it a short distance from their two denialism? is it that people don't want to contemplate just how awful some of these outcomes might be? we haven't thou~ht outcomes might be? we haven't thought about _ outcomes might be? we haven't thought about that _ outcomes might be? we haven't thought about that as _ outcomes might be? we haven't thought about that as much, - outcomes might be? we haven'tl thought about that as much, that despair is one step away from paralysis in not taking action and i think that would be the concern. that's why we are constantly trying to emphasise that our future is in our own hands, we have the tools and technologies to do it. we our own hands, we have the tools and technologies to do it.— technologies to do it. we started talkin: technologies to do it. we started talking about _ technologies to do it. we started talking about whether _ technologies to do it. we started i talking about whether governments were acting with sufficient urgency and i know you cannot in your position be critical of specific

governments but let's say a governments but let's say a government issued 100 oil and gas exploration licences somewhere not that far from your hometown, is that a positive step do you think in the context climate change? we a positive step do you think in the context climate change?— context climate change? we have actually sent _ context climate change? we have actually sent very _ context climate change? we have actually sent very clear _ context climate change? we have actually sent very clear messagesj context climate change? we have i actually sent very clear messages in the last report about that. we said to limit warming to 2 degrees, something like 30% of current oil reserves would need to stay in the ground so clearly, if you are adding to these reserves, gives choices to future decision—makers, do they leave even more in the ground or do they look to meeting the goals of they look to meeting the goals of the paris agreement, or 1.5 or 2 degrees? the paris agreement, or 1.5 or 2 decrees? �* , the paris agreement, or 1.5 or 2 decrees? �*, ., ., degrees? it's another delicate alliance. yes. _ degrees? it's another delicate alliance. yes. professor- degrees? it's another delicate alliance. yes. professorjim i alliance. yes. professorjim skea, thank ou alliance. yes. professorjim skea, thank you very — alliance. yes professorjim skea, thank you very much forjoining when it comes to the practical consequences of climate change, last month's record mediterranean temperatures and the resulting wildfires are still fresh in our minds. north africa has seen some of the worst damage. in the west of tunisia, fires lit up the mountains on the border with algeria. newsnight�*s emir nader remotely spent a day with the fire service,

and has watched as locals pick through the wreckage and are beginning to rebuild their lives. it is above a0 degrees in tunisia. we are out with the fire service. drafted in across the country, these firefighters have had a long week, tackling the wildfires that spread from neighbouring algeria to here, the green forests surrounding the towns of tabarka and maloula, at the very west of the country's mediterranean coast. translation: my name is captain mohammed, l head of the local fire brigade in tabarka. i was one of the first to arrive at the fires. i arrived with two vans and a car. in terms of our guys, the difficulty was there was no plan. for the first three days, we were just fighting with the fire everywhere. some of us were exhausted, some were choking,

but we continued to respond. we had three injuries in the team and took them to hospital. they were struggling to breathe and had body pains. the fire was huge — we couldn't put it out. in my whole career, it is the first time i've seen a fire like this in the tabarka area. let's not say it was out of control, but we are thankful to have come out of it without terrible injuries. we thank god local people weren't badly injured. now the clean—up operation, doing the little the firefighters can to prevent future blazes. the fire service paints a picture of a job well done. 5000 people removed from their homes. but in in maloula, it's not hard to find those who say they needed more help. mohammed and his mother aisha lost theirfamily home. translation: | took my |

sisters and ran with them. i couldn't save anything else, just my sisters. the house was furnished, fully furnished, the tv, everything was perfect. the firefighters didn't even come. how could they? they were only trying to say people. —— trying to save people. translation: we tried to save a few things but when we came back, everything was burned. wildfires ripped through at least ten mediterranean countries last week, causing havoc for european holiday—makers. for locals, destruction to homes and livelihoods. but here in north africa, resources and international media attention was in short supply. translation: the fire came from over there and it - reached untiljust here, that's what happened. some were saved, some were affected, the majority were hit. some died just from the heat.

see — from the heat. there is no trees anywhere to produce anything. i left these for the bees. food for them to eat, to reproduce. it was all honey, now burned. it was my only income. nearby, a family owned restaurant, mainly catering to tourists. adel�*s idyllic retreat was torn apart by the flames. translation: we had 15 staff, 13 women and two men. - they are all locals, mainly housewives. they came to work with us because they felt we were a big family. the space here, as you can see, has been completely destroyed. much of the mediterranean is dependent on tourist cash, especially so in tunisia's faltering

economy. as locals take in the charred remains of their livelihoods, the hope is they can build back. but the worry is that this is the new normal. two years ago, the taliban were closing in on kabul and the western—backed government was collapsing. the airlift followed, and since then, thousands more afghans have managed to get to the uk, including many who worked with the british military and intelligence agencies. there are nearly 9,000 afghans living in hotels, but as the government tried to shift them, for a variety of reasons, many afghans have found it impossible to get into the rental sector. they can be left with no choice but to join the homeless list. joining us now are amir hussain ibrahimi, who's 2a, and got to the uk just after the taliban takeover.

he's been living in a hotel in southend—on—sea, essex, but has to leave. and the chair of the local government association, councillor shaun davies. amir, if you can tell is a bit about your own personal situation, the government doesn't want you to carry on living in a hotel and i am sure you don't want to, so what outcome are you hoping for? it you don't want to, so what outcome are you hoping for?— are you hoping for? it will be two ears are you hoping for? it will be two years that _ are you hoping for? it will be two years that we _ are you hoping for? it will be two years that we are _ are you hoping for? it will be two years that we are in _ are you hoping for? it will be two years that we are in a _ are you hoping for? it will be two years that we are in a hotel - are you hoping for? it will be two years that we are in a hotel and l are you hoping for? it will be two i years that we are in a hotel and for me, a single person who left everything behind and came to a new country to start a new life, and spending two years of my life and there is no improving my life, they have been for most of the afghan families who are still here, they are thinking of the money they're spending but most afghan families are in a hotel still, thinking about the time they spent here, for

starting our life, the place that we want. it is not something too much and huge. most of them are looking for something to do, at their best to make their own life.— for something to do, at their best to make their own life. how do you think the home _ to make their own life. how do you think the home office _ to make their own life. how do you think the home office have - to make their own life. how do you | think the home office have handled this? , , , , this? they did their best. they tried to manage, _ this? they did their best. they tried to manage, but - this? they did their best. they tried to manage, but i - this? they did their best. they tried to manage, but i don't i this? they did their best. they i tried to manage, but i don't know what is going on because we don't know about the government plans because they are not sharing what is going on. every week we are meeting the home office and councillors but they don't have any clear question, answered. 50 they don't have any clear question, answered. , ., ., ., ~ , answered. so you have had weekly meetinas answered. so you have had weekly meetings with _ answered. so you have had weekly meetings with them _ answered. so you have had weekly meetings with them and _ answered. so you have had weekly meetings with them and despite i answered. so you have had weekly i meetings with them and despite that you have never really understood what they are intending to do or what they are intending to do or what they are intending to do or what the plan is for you? exactly. most of the _ what the plan is for you? exactly. most of the time _ what the plan is for you? exactly. most of the time we _ what the plan is for you? exactly. most of the time we meet - what the plan is for you? exactly. most of the time we meet they i what the plan is for you? exactly. | most of the time we meet they ask what is going on, when we are going to move, some houses are available but after next week or two weeks later those houses are gone, lost, i

don't know why. later those houses are gone, lost, i don't know why-— don't know why. lets bring in sean davis, because _ don't know why. lets bring in sean davis, because presumably- don't know why. lets bring in sean davis, because presumably this i don't know why. lets bring in seanl davis, because presumably this now is going to be in the hands of local authorities across the country as a home office phases at this hotel accommodation. the home office phases at this hotel accommodation.— home office phases at this hotel accommodation. ., ' . ., accommodation. the home office have made a commitment _ accommodation. the home office have made a commitment to _ accommodation. the home office have made a commitment to have _ accommodation. the home office have made a commitment to have hotels i made a commitment to have hotels by the end of— made a commitment to have hotels by the end of this month and it means those _ the end of this month and it means those afghans who are in those hotels — those afghans who are in those hotels don't have access to permanent accommodation at that point _ permanent accommodation at that point will— permanent accommodation at that point will be looking to local councils _ point will be looking to local councils for emergency temporary accommodation. those hotels are already— accommodation. those hotels are already closing. that is taking place — already closing. that is taking place right now and we are seeing one in_ place right now and we are seeing one in five — place right now and we are seeing one in five afghans turn to their local— one in five afghans turn to their local council asking for emergency temporary— local council asking for emergency temporary accommodation at a time when _ temporary accommodation at a time when people who are in temporary accommodation are at a 40 year high, we have _ accommodation are at a 40 year high, we have a _ accommodation are at a 40 year high, we have a huge housing crisis and the demand on housing services is incredibly— the demand on housing services is incredibly high because of the cost

of living _ incredibly high because of the cost of living pressures. what we are saying _ of living pressures. what we are saying to — of living pressures. what we are saying to them is we want to work with you — saying to them is we want to work with you. we agree hotels are not the best— with you. we agree hotels are not the best answer in the long term for these _ the best answer in the long term for these families but having an arbitrary_ these families but having an arbitrary deadline of the 31st of august— arbitrary deadline of the 31st of august doesn't help anybody if the accommodation isn't available. shaun, — accommodation isn't available. shaun, assuming the government pushes ahead, i know they have extended it once but assuming they push ahead with this, where do you think, given the record pressures that you have mentioned on accommodation, will they end up, where would people have to go? the last thing that councils will want is for— last thing that councils will want is for anybody who turns to them for help to _ is for anybody who turns to them for help to end — is for anybody who turns to them for help to end up in the streets. that is something that unfortunately does happen— is something that unfortunately does happen up— is something that unfortunately does happen up and down the country. there _ happen up and down the country. there is— happen up and down the country. there is also a real dilemma here which _ there is also a real dilemma here which is _ there is also a real dilemma here which is that councils will often turn _ which is that councils will often turn to — which is that councils will often turn to hotels to place people in temporary accommodation and that means— temporary accommodation and that means the — temporary accommodation and that means the cost burden will go from the home _ means the cost burden will go from the home office to local council tax

payers _ the home office to local council tax payers. that can't be right. you can't _ payers. that can't be right. you can't have — payers. that can't be right. you can't have a _ payers. that can't be right. you can't have a situation where councils _ can't have a situation where councils are being presented with people _ councils are being presented with people who are homeless with nowhere else to go _ people who are homeless with nowhere else to go and councils themselves are having — else to go and councils themselves are having to pay for hotel accommodations for these families at accommodations for these families at a time _ accommodations for these families at a time when, as i say, it is very difficult — a time when, as i say, it is very difficult indeed to get people into permanent accommodation at any point, _ permanent accommodation at any point, let— permanent accommodation at any point, let alone with a deadline of 27 days _ point, let alone with a deadline of 27 days which is what we are working to as _ 27 days which is what we are working to as local— 27 days which is what we are working to as local authorities opened in this country. | to as local authorities opened in this country-— this country. i will come back to amir now— this country. i will come back to amir now but — this country. i will come back to amir now butjust _ this country. i will come back to amir now butjust to _ this country. i will come back to amir now butjust to get - amir now butjust to get this straight it is either moving from one type of hotel accommodation paid for by central government to another type paid for by the local authority, or it is the streets? the hotels are often _ authority, or it is the streets? the hotels are often the way in which councils — hotels are often the way in which councils will use temporary, accommodation. but it is very difficult — accommodation. but it is very difficult when we have got a 40 year hi-h difficult when we have got a 40 year high of— difficult when we have got a 40 year high of demand of temporary accommodation across the country.

hearing _ accommodation across the country. hearing that, amir, that must be quite concerning. i have been in contact with another afghan who has come who i happen to know and he is talking about the tension in families, the fear of what i would see is being thrown out on the streets and it is clearly a possibility although it is more likely they might end up in a hotel paid for by the local authorities. that is not a clear option for afghan families because they are worrying a lot because they are just linking what will happen if they move from one place to another, or this is the issue they have, because the population of each family is a bit more, the members, and they worry about their children. most of them just got depressed right now. they are very nervous. they say to me. i am they are very nervous. they say to me. iam nervous. i don't they are very nervous. they say to me. i am nervous. i don't have anyone around me but they are worrying about the family's members that are around. they are like a treadmill, they are running a treadmill, they are running a treadmill with no movement. they

lost everything because they are just worrying that they haven't started their life yet and most of them thinking about what will happen next when they are moving, where is the new place they are moving? i am sor to the new place they are moving? i am sorry to say — the new place they are moving? i am sorry to say we _ the new place they are moving? i am sorry to say we have _ the new place they are moving? i am sorry to say we have to _ the new place they are moving? i am sorry to say we have to leave it there, but our mayor and shaun, thank you very much forjoining us on that topic. —— amir and shaun. we did invite a home office minister onto the programme to discuss the situation, but none was available. the home office provided us with a statement saying...

the sale of movies on dvds and blu—ray is being halted by disney in australia. a marketing necessity in a smallish territory? or, as one blogger called it this week, "a major blow against physical media"? the rise of online streaming makes it increasingly costly to offer this content in physical form. there's a suggestion also that the royalties payable in many streamed programmes are considerably lower than those covering the physical boxed set of film. archive: i'm on my way to find out about something which could represent the future of home entertainment and digital storage generally. it's called a digital video disc, or dvd. when it first hit uk shelves in 1997, the dvd was pioneering and, by the 20005, replaced the vhs as the main form of home—video entertainment.

then came the high definition blu—ray in 2006 and the start of a two—year battle for customers between the dvd and blu—ray, which the latter appeared to win, until... netflix start-up chime ..netflix, originally a website for renting dvds, launched a streaming service. subscribers could instantly watch a film or tv series, and others caught on — prime video, max, apple tv amongst the biggest. disney got in on the act, putting its sizeable back catalogue on disney+. in australia and new zealand, guardians of the galaxy vol 3 will be the final disney film released on dvd or blu—ray. they will still be available in the rest of the world, but for how long? we're joined now by the chief film critic at the metro, larushka ivan—zadeh.

welcome to newsnight and thank you forjoining us. is thisjust welcome to newsnight and thank you forjoining us. is this just an inevitable thing? like the transition from other forms of old—style media to new ones, people will gravitate toward streaming, won't they? i will gravitate toward streaming, won't they?— will gravitate toward streaming, won't the ? ~ . ., ., , won't they? i think that has already ha ened. won't they? i think that has already happened- it _ won't they? i think that has already happened. it was _ won't they? i think that has already happened. it was about _ won't they? i think that has already happened. it was about five - won't they? i think that has already happened. it was about five or - won't they? i think that has already happened. it was about five or six l happened. it was about five or six years ago, i wanted to take it with dvd to my goddaughter and her mother said we don't have a dvd player, looking at me like i was slightly insane. i think the revolution has already happened. i thinkjust hearing that news makes people cling to what they have and to treasure that kind of pass the way we do when a new format comes along. you that kind of pass the way we do when a new format comes along.— a new format comes along. you have obviously got — a new format comes along. you have obviously got your — a new format comes along. you have obviously got your collection - a new format comes along. you have obviously got your collection there, l obviously got your collection there, out and proud, obviously got your collection there, outand proud, or obviously got your collection there, out and proud, or perhaps a small part of it! what are the pleasures of having that tangible physical connection with your films? i think “ust connection with your films? i think just looking _ connection with your films? i think just looking at _ connection with your films? i think just looking at it, _ connection with your films? i think just looking at it, it _ connection with your films? i think just looking at it, it is _ connection with your films? i think just looking at it, it is a _ connection with your films? i think just looking at it, it is a bit - connection with your films? i think just looking at it, it is a bit like - just looking at it, it is a bit like mourning the decline of a book shop

or lively but it does furnish a room, it is a library in that sense. i think what you lose by everything going to streaming is the fact that you are curating your own collection whereas if you go into a streaming service they create things for you and tell you what to watch. there is that, and you can't go into a dvd shop any more in the same way you often can't go to a book shop. as a teenager i had many happy hours going through hmv or the equivalent and forming my film education and having a shared space, a collective space to do that and talk to other people in a way thatjust doesn't exist any more. people in a way that “ust doesn't exist any moreh people in a way that “ust doesn't exist any more. yeah, and i guess, --eole exist any more. yeah, and i guess, people say — exist any more. yeah, and i guess, people say with _ exist any more. yeah, and i guess, people say with music _ exist any more. yeah, and i guess, people say with music that - exist any more. yeah, and i guess, people say with music that they - exist any more. yeah, and i guess, | people say with music that they can get every song ever on spotify, but you can truly do that with films, can you, because there are multiple different streamers and there are some films simply not available anywhere online?— some films simply not available anywhere online? some films simply not available an here online? , ., ., anywhere online? exactly, although i have not anywhere online? exactly, although i have got an — anywhere online? exactly, although i have got an early _ anywhere online? exactly, although i have got an early thing _ anywhere online? exactly, although i have got an early thing you _ anywhere online? exactly, although i have got an early thing you couldn't i have got an early thing you couldn't get very easily on streaming

services or anywhere else. you can maybe get it on one streaming service would have to do is subscribe to another want to get another obscure one. if there was one universal streaming service you could perhaps log onto and find everything you wanted, that be something, but is that feeling that perhaps the small films, the cult films will get lost in the cracks, they won't be picked up by a streaming service whereas we had your physical dvds and you would always be able to watch it. stand i always be able to watch it. and i su ose always be able to watch it. and i suppose if— always be able to watch it. and i suppose if you — always be able to watch it. and i suppose if you wanted _ always be able to watch it. and i suppose if you wanted to - always be able to watch it. and i suppose if you wanted to be - always be able to watch it. and i suppose if you wanted to be a i always be able to watch it. and i suppose if you wanted to be a little bit more, to be less generous toward some of the studios, there are aspects with some of the way the business operates, either if they think some films are no longer worth carrying and just delete them and not make them available and also the way that purchase, apparently it is much cheaper to have everything streamed. ., , much cheaper to have everything streamed. . , ., , streamed. that is right. in the last writers strike _ streamed. that is right. in the last writers strike i _ streamed. that is right. in the last writers strike i think _ streamed. that is right. in the last writers strike i think in _ streamed. that is right. in the last writers strike i think in 2007 - streamed. that is right. in the last writers strike i think in 2007 that l writers strike i think in 2007 that was all about striking about residuals from dvds and now obviously it is about streaming. it is one less way to have to pay out

royalties to somebody. so it is a cheaper way, a cheaper model and i am sure there are good reasons for doing it. probably anotherformat will come along that will subsume streaming even, but it is another way of not having to pay out so much to the talent, to the content makers. ~ ., to the talent, to the content makers. ~ . , , , makers. we have seen hipster revivals of _ makers. we have seen hipster revivals of vinyl, _ makers. we have seen hipster revivals of vinyl, of _ makers. we have seen hipster revivals of vinyl, of wet - makers. we have seen hipster revivals of vinyl, of wet film, i makers. we have seen hipster- revivals of vinyl, of wet film, some people apparently even put cassette tapes into walkmans, i can't imagine why but do you think your collection might still turn out to be a good nest egg? might still turn out to be a good nesten? , ., _ .,�* might still turn out to be a good nesten? , ., .y ~' ., nest egg? obviously i don't know if dvds are so _ nest egg? obviously i don't know if dvds are so loved _ nest egg? obviously i don't know if dvds are so loved in _ nest egg? obviously i don't know if dvds are so loved in that _ nest egg? obviously i don't know if dvds are so loved in that way. - nest egg? obviously i don't know if dvds are so loved in that way. i i dvds are so loved in that way. i think the crackle of vinyl or when you watch a proper celluloid film, the crackle on screen and a feeling of handmade tangible product, i think we all remember if you get a scratch on the dvd you try and push it a bit but that is it, it has glitched. i don't think it will have quite fitful because of vinyl but i don't think i am giving up on the collection yet.—

collection yet. you very much indeed. collection yet. you very much indeed- i _ collection yet. you very much indeed. i am _ collection yet. you very much indeed. i am afraid _ collection yet. you very much indeed. i am afraid this - collection yet. you very much indeed. i am afraid this dvd. collection yet. you very much | indeed. i am afraid this dvd is over. that's all from us tonight. victoria is back from her hols on monday. until then, have a great weekend. breaking news from around the world 24 hours a day, this is bbc news. and it has just reached a new peak, 20.96 degrees celsius, the highest global average sea temperature ever recorded. the world's warming waters are a dangerous trend, say experts. people's perspective is that the ocean is so big, so vast, that it can buffer anything that humanity can throw at it. and the reality is

that's not the case. everything has its niche within the ocean, and it's