but also be able to tell you what sort of smoke that is. all right. these tests allow the team to build a vast bank of data and help spot real fires and avoid false alarms from things like cigarettes or exhaust emissions. but in lab conditions is one thing, but what about out in the wild? it was time to start our own forest fire. on the strict supervision of course. we can see is it a realfire or is it something else. the main cause of uncontrolled wildfires is us humans. it's often barbecues, cigarettes or glass bottles which start a fire. because of this dryad looks to put

the sensors every 100 meters in more remote areas and 15 meters near well walked paths. so it looks like quite a lot of smoke coming off there. would that be enough already for your sensors to to be able to detect? that is enough for our sensors. so this smoke needs to reach the sensors, that means if the sensor is close to the smoke, for example, on this tree, then you have it within seconds. but it's notjust the eye and the sensors that are innovative. there's another problem that needed solving. we're here in a forest, in a rural area where i imagine there isn't much mobile signal. how do you get the data from the sensors out to where it needs to go to? because mainly there is no internal telecommunication infrastructure in the forest, we bring our own telecommunication infrastructure to the forest. so this is the mesh gate. oh, wow. okay. yeah. these mesh gateways needs to hear over the air. if one of these sensors

in the forest has an alarm or a signal and so on, and then it receives the signal from the sensor and sends it to the next mesh gateway forest. it's like a relay. to hop as a relay. it's a border. we have the so—named border gateway. to connect to the internet. so is there a limit to the area the size that you could that you can use this system in? or is it simplyjust the number of relays you could go as big or as wide as you want? we can in theory, we can go as big as we want. so we have a range of approximately two kilometers. and then let's say every two kilometres you have here a mesh gateway. and then you can from hop to hop to hop. who are your customers or your potential customers, your target market for this? well, our customers, we currently have about 50 deployments in southern europe and north america predominantly are private forestry. to some extent, that needs

to protect the forest, understands that they have the value. but then municipalities that need to protect the areas and the people living in proximity of forest and utilities in particular, power line companies and in railroad organizations that actually face the problem that their products, their services may cause wildfires and they might be liable for the consequential damages. and we have them to protect against. but dryad is one of many solutions trying to tackle the wildfire problem. and it's still early days for this technology. now, the fishing industry is big business, but one of its big problems is something called bycatch. now, bycatch describes fish and other animals such as dolphins and sea turtles that get inadvertently hooked or entangled in fishing gear. this bycatch is then usually discarded, overboard, either dead or dying. environmental charities have been working with the fishing

industry to try to reduce the problem. but one fisherman in scotland hopes the technology can help. my name is ian wightman. i'm a langoustine fisherman on the west coast of scotland. i started fishing when i was 16, and i've been a skipper for 39 years. well, i've recently become involved with a company who have developed a camera we can put onto the net and it gives us footage that we never had any access to. led lights, pisces lights, another piece of technology that is called n key, which is a data collection system.

these are all things that we can use in our arsenal to try and catch more efficiently. usual monday morning routine. what we have here about the pisces lights, touch touches onto the net. you can have them flushing with, we've got five different colours which will either attract or repel fish, depending on the colors and the configuration of them. so we're now learning the behavior of fish to the different colors of lights, because sunlight does one thing to one fish and does another thing to another fish. we have the catch count, which is an underwater recording unit, which will give us visibility on the net and the water, which is something that we've never had access to.

the cameras are extremely easy to use that in purpose. made cartridge you lash out to the day. in the olden days, everything was done by experience. you would make adjustments and you could spend all day with your net on in one adjustment. you come out the next day, change it again, another two or three holes so it could take you three or four days to make your fish what you think is the most efficient way. whereas with catch count, you can see exactly what your gear is doing. so it takes the guesswork out it for us. so this is a key sensor for the benefit. but the key is you put these on next on the record data. ——nets they're measured in temperature and the water, which we use in fishing. when you get the growth in the water, you'll get better prawns and shallower water.

so we're targeting better quality prawns without the guesswork. i pull the strings and this stuff will come cascading down. oh, look at that. pennies from heaven. so part of the beauty behind the prices is for not only to repel fish, but to attract fish like the squid using the the lights on the squid nets to help attract

the squid and towards the gear. to help improve the catches, improve the efficiency. you can see how i feel by couch and the fish that is has been eaten by seal. we got one, two small fish. put these units on six or seven boats, probably for the cost it would take for a week's charter for a government boat. so the potential for gaining data is phenomenal. and as a fisherman, we have to be involved in the science. and that's it for the short version of the program. full length show can be found on iplayer. yeah. thanks for watching. we'll see you soon. bye.

hello there. for many of us, friday was a day to get out and enjoy some of the beautiful autumn colour. but at this time of year, clear skies by day, well, if we keep them through the night, it can cause other issues with frost and fog. and yes, those two components are going to play quite a major role in the weather story this weekend. saturday will be the driest of the two days. there's some rain around on sunday. more details on that

injust a moment. but it will be a chilly start. quite widely we'll see low single figures, particularly in sheltered central and eastern areas. this weather front will start to push in by the end of the day. but before it, we've got this brief ridge of high pressure which will keep things quite quiet and with light winds as well. so a few isolated showers on exposed coast, not amounting to much. frost and fog will lift away. sunny spells come through by the middle part of the afternoon and temperatures, well they will recover after that chilly start, we're expecting to see highs of 7 to 11 degrees. maybe 12 down to the southwest, but you can see that rain gathering perhaps into the isles of scilly by the end of the afternoon. so that weather front is going to start to push its way into cornwall and eventually into south wales. there's that weather front and ahead of it it will push in a little more moisture. so we're expecting more fog around for the start of sunday. remembrance sunday could be quite a drab, dreary affair with some widespread fog at times. the rain down to the south, but it may well stay dry at 11:00 in scotland. a murky morning certainly, but the rain light and patchy into northern ireland,

perhaps into northern england, heavier bursts through wales and south west england, perhaps for london to the cenotaph it should stay dry during the morning. but then we'll see outbreaks of showery rain drifting its way steadily northwards throughout the day. it'll stay dry for scotland here and seven or eight degrees underneath the cloud and the rain it's going to feel rather cool and disappointing, i'm afraid. then as we move out of sunday into monday, we start to see the wind direction swinging back to more of a westerly or a south—westerly, and that's going to introduce milder, but unfortunately, once again, it's going to introduce some wetter weather. so our week ahead, a little more unsettled with showers or longer spells of rain at times.

live from washington, this is bbc news. israeli troops now encircle gaza city amid reports that there is been firing outside of hospitals with patients and staff trapped inside. french president emmanuel macron says israel must stop killing civilians. i think this is the only solution we have — the ceasefire. because it is impossible to explain, we want to fight against terrorism by killing innocent people.

also tonight, proof of life, and elusive... for the first time. in an exclusive interview with the bbc has urged israel to stop killing women and babies in gaza. reiterating his call for a cease—fire in the war. he said there was no reason for vulnerable people to be bombed and killed, and that israel's actions had no legitimacy. he called on the us in the uk to support a cease—fire but france clearly condemns what he called the, quote, terrorist attacks of hamas. we've had weeks of aid organisation sounding the alarm about gaza. in humanitarian pauses in fighting aren't enough and there needs to be worked towards a cease—fire. are you disappointed that other

world leaders are not joining you in that call, like the us or the uk?