this is bbc news, the headlines... israel is calling up two additional army brigades to its border in the north, as it carries out further air strikes against hezbollah in lebanon. large numbers of people are continuing to flee the areas close to the border,

as fears of war between hezbollah and israel grow. hezbollah launches a ballistic missile towards tel aviv — israel says it's the first time the group has targeted the city. president zelensky in his address to the un general assembly says russia is planning attacks on ukraine nuclear plants. recently i received yet another alarming report from our intelligence. now putin does seem to be planning attacks on our nuclear power plants and their infrastructure. polling stations have closed in indian—administered kashmir — in the first elections to take place there in more than ten years. now with all the latest sport, here's olly.

some significant injury news for two of the biggest clubs in europe, manchester city have confirmed that their midfielder rodri has suffered ligament damage in his right knee. the spaniard had to come off in the 21st minute of their draw with arsenal on sunday. he has been seeing a specialist in barcelona and the club say that he will continue to be assessed to ascertain the full extent of the injury and expected prognosis. the recovery time from an acl tear is usually a minimum of nine months which would rule him out for the rest of the season. just when his real madrid career was taking off, kylian mbappe could be out for a number of weeks after picking up a thigh problem in their win over alaves on tuesday. he scored for the fifth consecutive match in their 3—2 win but was substituted in the last 10 minutes and appeared to be in some discomfort. the club didn't give a time frame for mbapp �*s recovery, but he is set to miss sunday's

derby at atletico madrid and he could be ruled out of next month's international break with france playing israel and belgium in the nations league. also injury related, rafael varane has announced his retirement at the age of 31. the french world cup winner injured his knee last month on his debut for newly promoted como in serie a, and it's forced him call time on his career. he won the fa cup with manchester united last season, but the defender will be most closely associated with real madrid before that, a 10 year spell the spanish giants that saw him win 18 trophies — including three la liga titles and four champions leagues. he was capped 93 times for his country, winning the world cup in 2018. manchester united start their europa league campaign later. they face dutch side fc twente at old trafford. it's the club where the united manager erik ten hag made his name as a player and then cut his teeth as a coach under steve mclaren at the time. ten hag says he still has

a soft spot for his former side and would rather not be playing them but knows the competition offers a path to champions league if they win it. it is an opportunity, and more roads to achieve the target you want and this is also a road. it is the most difficult probably because in the tournament of 32, you have to be the best. but it is a target and it is a road we want to go. with growing concerns around the financial reliance of women's football on the men's game, a new global investment group believes it has the solution and has told the bbc it is ripping up the rule book on football ownership. the mercury 13 group bought theirfirst club, fc como women, in italy earlier this year, and has pledged to spend more than £80m building up a multi—club portfolio exclusively in women s football.

they say investment in england is an absolute priority. we believe there is an incredible opportunity to give these clubs the fuel they need to ride a big wave we are seeing in women's sport and cement themselves as the world's super clubs. the atp tennis tour continues its far—east swing. the first round of the japan open is underway in tokyo. second seed hubert hurkacz is through after beating marcos giron in three sets, it's his first match since losing to the australian jordan thompson in the second round of the us open last month. he'll face eitherjack draper or mattia bellucci. there were also wins for ugo humbert, mariano navone and matteo berrettini.

and that's all the sport for now. there's more on naomi osaka's win at the china open on the bbc sport website — it was her first since starting a new partnership with serena williams�* former coach patrick mouratoglou. for now, i'll pass you back to kasia. as always, good to see you. lots more export on our website. we are returning to the escalating crisis in the middle east, those rocket attacks between hezbollah in lebanon and israel. air strikes between the two across the border. we can talk to the former national security adviser of israel. yaakov amidror israel. on this notion, the reports that israel is culling up to

additional armour brigades to its border with lebanon, are we seeing a precursor of a ground invasion? , seeing a precursor of a ground invasion?— invasion? yes, what we see is that israel— invasion? yes, what we see is that israel is _ invasion? yes, what we see is that israel is taking _ invasion? yes, what we see is that israel is taking very - that israel is taking very seriously the obligation to defend itself. the attack on the 8th of october with no provocation on the israeli side, and what they are doing now is defending ourselves. we think the frame of defending ourselves, we are preparing the ground forces. we are not sure if we need them, but we want to be very well—prepared. part of the preparation is to the reserve brigades into service. that will happen in the next few days, and then be there to help the idf to do the job inside lebanon. help the idf to do the “ob inside lebanon.i help the idf to do the “ob inside lebanon. what does the end . ame inside lebanon. what does the

endgame look _ inside lebanon. what does the endgame look like _ inside lebanon. what does the endgame look like for - inside lebanon. what does the endgame look like for israel. endgame look like for israel when it comes to hezbollah? d when it comes to hezbollah? li hezbollah forces will not be located along the border, according to a decision of the united nations stop they should not exist in lebanon, no other military force other than the lebanese army should be there. what israel will do, based on the achievements of this operation, is to not let them be in the south. the other goal of the war is to restrict has been that wide from its capabilities to launch rockets —— hezbollah. we might achieve

a huge achievement by reducing its abilities to deliver so it is not such a big threat to israel as it was before the war. ~ . ., ., war. what extent would that look like? — war. what extent would that look like? what _ war. what extent would that look like? what we - war. what extent would that look like? what we are - war. what extent would that i look like? what we are seeing within gaza and hamas is a complete destruction and a flattening of that region and that area. is that what you want to see when it comes to getting those hezbollah targets? getting those hezbollah taraets? , . getting those hezbollah taraets? ,, ,, getting those hezbollah taruets? , . , , ~i . targets? israel is seeking a iece, targets? israel is seeking a piece. but _ targets? israel is seeking a piece, but hezbollah - targets? israel is seeking a i piece, but hezbollah attacked israel. part of what we might do in the future is going to lebanon and killed the members of hezbollah and to destroy the infrastructure. in those areas the idf will fight against hezbollah. it will probably be

very like gaza, it depends on how far has is prepared to go to fight from these areas. if it will fight in these areas like hamas in gaza, the same results. there is no other way to fight terrorists. what you saw in gaza, if someone has any secret, to fight terrorist organisations acting within areas in a different way, we would be happy to learn it. no one has any other way to do it. we have learned experience with the americans and the brits and the americans and the brits and the french in africa and afghanistan, with iraq. nobody has another solution to terrorist fighting. i wonder

where this _ terrorist fighting. i wonder where this ends _ terrorist fighting. i wonder where this ends because l where this ends because hezbollah is better armed and better equipped and has more resources than hamas. we have seen what is happening in gaza in terms of the destruction of infrastructure there. where does it end? and if israel does approach that border, israel will be in breach of the un security council resolution 1701 which is calling a cessation of fighting between israel and lebanon. it cessation of fighting between israel and lebanon.— israel and lebanon. it will not, because _ israel and lebanon. it will not, because the - israel and lebanon. it will not, because the decision j not, because the decision included demand that has been will be dismantled and it didn't. no fighter will be self, it was piloted by hezbollah. israel is defending itself. the war was initiated by hezbollah with no provocation by the israeli side. they are violating the

decision and launching rockets into israel. israel is not violating any decisions with the international community in this case. how it can be ended? why should the world allow a terraced organisation —— terraced organisation —— terraced organisation —— terraced organisation in lebanon? we have to leave it there. thank you for your time. much more on our website. we do have a life page, updating us on all the latest development is because this is a fast—moving story. around the world and across the uk. this is bbc news.

the indian election commission says more than half of voters have cast their ballots in the second phase of elections in indian—administered kashmir. polling for 26 seats in the local assembly has now ended. the phased vote, which is being held amid tight security, is the first since narendra modi's government scrapped kashmir�*s semi—autonomous status in 2019. the bbc�*s arunoday mukharji is in srinagar. thank you, voting wrapped up a couple of hours ago in the second of the three phase elections in indian administered kashmir in one of the new issues registering with the new issues registering with the voters is autonomy been taken away in 2019 by the central government. this is the first assembly elections in the last ten years since 2018 when the last state government collapsed, since then people have not had an elected assembly representatives, which

is why whoever we speak to, they say this is finally a chance for them to register their voice and be heard by using the ballot to send a message. with me this evening is a member of parliament from the national conference, a very prominent regional party of india administered kashmir. it is this an vacant election, a lot of expectations, the first one in ten years, people are feeling voiceless for a long time. dash are important election. it time. dash are important election-— time. dash are important election. , . ., election. it is to connect and represents- _ election. it is to connect and represents. people - election. it is to connect and represents. people feel- election. it is to connect and represents. people feel let i represents. people feel let down — represents. people feel let down by what happened in 2019. they— down by what happened in 2019. they need a hand to give them the sense _ they need a hand to give them the sense of recovery, and make them _ the sense of recovery, and make them feel— the sense of recovery, and make them feel they are not, it is not — them feel they are not, it is not the _ them feel they are not, it is not the end of the world for

them — not the end of the world for them if_ not the end of the world for them. if you understood the psyche — them. if you understood the psyche at the moment, it is a sense — psyche at the moment, it is a sense of— psyche at the moment, it is a sense of defeat and we need to recover — sense of defeat and we need to recover from the sense of defeat _ recover from the sense of defeat and give them some hope to recoveh — defeat and give them some hope to recover. kashmir is a story of betrayal— to recover. kashmir is a story of betrayal is, it has been betrayed badly since the 1950s, the first— betrayed badly since the 1950s, the first betrayal in 1953 and the first betrayal in 1953 and the ultimate nail in the coffin. _ the ultimate nail in the coffin. i_ the ultimate nail in the coffin, i am the ultimate nail in the coffin, lam not the ultimate nail in the coffin, i am not saying the final— coffin, i am not saying the final neit— coffin, i am not saying the final nail in the coffin, came in 2019 _ final nail in the coffin, came in 2019 iii— final nail in the coffin, came in 2019. in terms of this relation _ in 2019. in terms of this relation with the best of the nationsm _ relation with the best of the nations- - -— nations... your election manifesto _ nations... your election manifesto mentions - nations... your election j manifesto mentions the nations... your election - manifesto mentions the article 370 which granted autonomy to the region for decades. how are you planning to deliver on all the promises you are making to the promises you are making to the voters, given the fact this is no longer a state, now a union territory, federally administered by the centre? the

powers of the government, government forms will be significantly clipped. how optimistic are you of actually getting work done and delivering on the promises you are making? the delivering on the promises you are making?— delivering on the promises you are making? the only optimism in this process _ are making? the only optimism in this process is _ are making? the only optimism in this process is to _ are making? the only optimism in this process is to register - in this process is to register our— in this process is to register our assent for this institution. to the rest of the nation, — institution. to the rest of the nation, the decisions taken did not have — nation, the decisions taken did not have the people behind it. this_ not have the people behind it. this is— not have the people behind it. this is how we express herself democratically and take the message to the world, that the country— message to the world, that the country which... i mean calls itsetf— country which... i mean calls itself the _ country which... i mean calls itself the largest democracy in the world, we do not come out in violence _ the world, we do not come out in violence. we do it through the means of democracy to the institutions of democracy. the optimism. _ institutions of democracy. the optimism, as i said, in this process— optimism, as i said, in this process is— optimism, as i said, in this process is that we get a chance to express _ process is that we get a chance to express democratically. and

then— to express democratically. and their atso— to express democratically. and then also through this institution which has degraded, we seek— institution which has degraded, we seek the dignity it had. the status— we seek the dignity it had. the status that this institution had, — status that this institution had, we _ status that this institution had, we seek to restore it. and for that— had, we seek to restore it. and for that restoration, this is the — for that restoration, this is the first— for that restoration, this is the first step. we need to finalise _ the first step. we need to finalise to the best of the country— finalise to the best of the country those who are like—minded and want a stronger federal— like—minded and want a stronger federal industry. like-minded and want a stronger federal industry.— federal industry. these are all very well. _ federal industry. these are all very well. and _ federal industry. these are all very well, and promises, - federal industry. these are all very well, and promises, butl federal industry. these are all very well, and promises, but i come back to my point. when the appointment of bureaucracy and law officers, the sanction to prosecute, when these sensitive subjects alight with the approval of the governor who essentially appointed, then aren't you going to have trouble delivering on those? yes, we are going to have trouble _ yes, we are going to have trouble. it is more than governance, it is about the political _ governance, it is about the political existence of this state _ political existence of this state. how do you expect us to express— state. how do you expect us to express dissent? if we take to the streets, we are called

people _ the streets, we are called people who are terrorists. so how — people who are terrorists. so how do — people who are terrorists. so how do we express? this institution, this exercise is more — institution, this exercise is more about the political existence and reshaping and re—emerging from tobacco we had~ — re—emerging from tobacco we had. alongside, yes, we want the right— had. alongside, yes, we want the right to decide, to come back— the right to decide, to come back to _ the right to decide, to come back to the people, this bureaucracy that should be run by the — bureaucracy that should be run by the institution which is democratically elected, and this is— democratically elected, and this is for the world to see. the — this is for the world to see. the union. _ this is for the world to see. the union, which believes in upgrading a union territory has degraded a state to a union territory~ _ degraded a state to a union territory. | degraded a state to a union territory-— territory. i wanted to keep back, since _ territory. i wanted to keep back, since kashmir- territory. i wanted to keep i back, since kashmir acceded territory. i wanted to keep - back, since kashmir acceded to india, your party at the national conference has been the party which has ruled for the party which has ruled for the maximum number of years of a year. when your party was in power, hundreds were killed because of separatist insurgency is, hundreds were also detained. the same arguments and allegations are

being levelled by your party against the government in new delhi. wouldn't some people accuse you of double standards? we can do the maths, the national— we can do the maths, the national conference has not done — national conference has not done the maximum amount of governance. for most of the time — governance. for most of the time the _ governance. for most of the time the space was governed by parties — time the space was governed by parties other than the national conference. there was some incidents— conference. there was some incidents like 2010 and many other— incidents like 2010 and many other incidents, i cannot justify— other incidents, i cannot justify whatever happened. we don't _ justify whatever happened. we don't have a justification, but the thing _ don't have a justification, but the thing is, we need to learn from — the thing is, we need to learn from the _ the thing is, we need to learn from the mistakes. yes, there was _ from the mistakes. yes, there was security forces operating underground, they did not have the fear— underground, they did not have the fear of accountability at the fear of accountability at the hands of the elected government. they worked as they wished, _ government. they worked as they wished, but those are the mistakes we should learn from, and that— mistakes we should learn from, and that does not mean we repeat— and that does not mean we repeat the mistakes. and if

somebody else, that entity is doing — somebody else, that entity is doing those mistakes, we under those _ doing those mistakes, we under those governance but those mistakes happened, it doesn't mean — mistakes happened, it doesn't mean they should be repeated. so you — mean they should be repeated. so you are _ mean they should be repeated. so you are omitting that. i will have to leave it there. thank you so much. —— admitting that. while we are talking about how much power the government of this region will have, there is still a lot of hope that people have expressed in the democratic process and these elections because they finally get a sense of empowerment, that they will have a buffer in the form of their elected assembly weather centre sits between the leadership in new delhi and the leadership in new delhi and the leadership you where they can go to their representatives with their problems, something they feel and tell me they had not been able to do for the last ten years. i thanks to you and your— last ten years. i thanks to you and your guests _ last ten years. i thanks to you and your guests joining - last ten years. i thanks to you and your guests joining us - and your guests joining us live. a third of children worldwide are now short—sighted, according to new research. the study, published in the britishjournal of ophthal—mology, examined data from five million children

and teenagers in 50 countries. it showed a dramatic increase in cases of myopia over the last 30 years, with experts blaming time spent inside, particularly during covid lockdowns, as well as strain from using screens at a young age. denise voon, is the clinical advisor for the college of optometrists. short—sightedness, seeing things that are close clearly but not far has been increasing but particulalry notable since covid. does that make you link it directly, staying inside, looking at smart screens increases your chances of being short—sighted? increases your chances of being short-sighted?— short-sighted? thank you for havin: short-sighted? thank you for having me — short-sighted? thank you for having me on. _ short-sighted? thank you for having me on. we _ short-sighted? thank you for having me on. we have - short-sighted? thank you for l having me on. we have noticed short-sighted? thank you for - having me on. we have noticed a change since covid, and we are not entirely sure what the reason is but we can guess that it could be due to a number of factors. firstly, we know from the evidence that spending lots

of time outdoors, at least two hours a day does reduce your risk of developing mightier and progressing it. during covid that wasn't possible. we also know that a lot of times, spent within the close confines of a room if they are doing on schooling and things like that, that may have been a contributing factor. but we have noticed a change. there were geographical _ have noticed a change. there | were geographical differences as well because a shower, younger kids are starting school higher and there the number of young people is seven times higher than in countries within the african continent where children spend more time outside. ., , ~ ., outside. that is right. we note uenetics outside. that is right. we note genetics and — outside. that is right. we note genetics and ethnicity - outside. that is right. we note genetics and ethnicity plays i outside. that is right. we note genetics and ethnicity plays a l genetics and ethnicity plays a part in it. we have all this known that those with east asian or south asian ethnicities are prone to developing myopia, so we knew that already. but in japan developing myopia, so we knew that already. but injapan and korea they have some of the highest rates of myopia. it's

5% in japan, highest rates of myopia. it's 5% injapan, compared to uganda or paraguay which is much lower at 1%. it could be that those children in the east asian countries are not spending as much time outdoors. they tend to start school a little bit earlier and those contributing factors may cause a rise in myopia. factors may cause a rise in my0pia-— factors may cause a rise in moia. ., , , ., myopia. can you help us to understand _ myopia. can you help us to understand why _ myopia. can you help us to understand why the - myopia. can you help us to| understand why the concern myopia. can you help us to - understand why the concern over myopia? why should we be worried and is there a way of reversing it?— worried and is there a way of reversing it? one of the things we are worried _ reversing it? one of the things we are worried about - reversing it? one of the things we are worried about is - we are worried about is especially evident is undiagnosed, people are not going to be able to see as well as they can, that is one of the problem. although it is rare, people with very short sight, they are more prone to conditions such as retinal detachment which could be sight threatening. this is rare, but it does make sense that the more people who are short—sighted, the more people that may develop these conditions going on. there are

a number of things that parents can do. the first thing and probably most important thing is that children are encouraged to be outside. the college of optometrists recommend two hours a day but also this either, twist regularly so if there are any problems this can be picked up. there are some treatments for it myopia that are available, but your atomic test will be able to recommend whether they are suitable for you. fix. whether they are suitable for ou. �* . ., , whether they are suitable for ou. �* , ., whether they are suitable for you. a couple of hours outside a aood you. a couple of hours outside a good start- _ you. a couple of hours outside a good start. one _ you. a couple of hours outside a good start. one in _ you. a couple of hours outside a good start. one in three - a good start. one in three children short—sighted according to that study. lots more on our website including a full article on this story. hello. we saw intense rainfall and flooding for many on monday. tuesday brought a slightly drier day for some of us. but now, wednesday, we are seeing the arrival of more rain. it's going to last on and off for many of us over the next few days.

the winds are going to be strengthening too. so a fairly unsettled spell of weather, certainly until friday. let's take a look at the rainfall that we're expecting to accumulate over the next few days. some places, particularly northeast england, but also central and southern england and into wales, could see up to about 80mm of rain and some of that is falling on very saturated ground. so i think we're going to see some further problems with localised flooding later in the week. so low pressure is driving our weather at the moment. it's slowly moving its way in from the west, so for the rest of today, we're seeing rain across central and northern parts of england into northern ireland, some heavy showers rattling into wales and southwest england overnight as well. now, this rainfall across the north east of england is going to be particularly persistent, blown in by that fairly brisk easterly wind as well. so a pretty damp start to your thursday, i think, for many areas, with some heavy showers, perhaps some thunderstorms towards the south. temperatures 10 or 11 in the south. we're going to see single figures across the north of scotland, which is seeing some of the drier and clearer weather at the moment. now through tomorrow, then, we've still got persistent rain pushing in across parts of northern england, particularly heavy in the northeast. also northern ireland

seeing some heavy rain. wales, central and southern england is going to see a mix of some sunshine, but also some scattered heavy showers and some thunderstorms as well. it is again the north of scotland that is drier but also cooler — temperatures there only around 11 degrees. the teens further south because we've got this colder air as we move towards the end of the week. it's going to be filtering its way in from the north. by the time we get to friday, still a weather front bringing some heavy rain initially for central, southeastern parts of england. that should tend to ease away through the day. so we're into the clearer skies, but colder conditions. the winds coming in from the north, so temperaturesjust around about 9—11; degrees for most of us north to south. perhaps just a little bit milder towards the far south west. but by first thing saturday morning scenes like this, i think — quite a frosty start. even in our towns and cities, temperatures 2 or 3 degrees first thing saturday. colder than that, though, in the more rural spots. so into the weekend then, we have got high pressure that's going to be keeping the weather fronts at bay, at least for a time. so largely dry and settled. but with that cold air in place, some frosty nights to come. but for most of us,

it is looking drier with some sunny spells. perhaps a bit more rain in the north west later in the weekend.

live from beirut, this is bbc news. israel is calling up two additional army brigades to its border in the north — as it carries out further airstrikes against hezbollah in lebanon. large numbers of people are continuing to flee the areas close to the border, as fears of war between hezbollah and israel grow.

hezbollah launches a ballistic missile towards tel aviv — israel says it's the first time the group has targeted the city. i am kasia madera in london. in other news... here in uk, winterfuel vote dominates final day of labour party conference. ukraine's president, volodymyr zelensky, has warned the world that russia is preparing a serious escalation of its war against his country. recently, i received yet another alarming report from our intelligence. now putin does seem to be planning attacks on our nuclear power plants and the infrastructure. iam i am live at the united nations in new york, where president zelensky is seeking strong support from world leaders gathered here before he heads

to the white house for a meeting