voice—over: this is bbc news. we'll have the headlines for you at the top of the hour, which is straight after this programme. this week, lara is feeling the pressure in her eyes. find this week, lara is feeling the pressure in her eyes.- pressure in her eyes. and of those eyes _ pressure in her eyes. and of those eyes are _ pressure in her eyes. and of those eyes are feeling - pressure in her eyes. and of those eyes are feeling the l those eyes are feeling the cold, how about some antifog sunglasses?— sunglasses? talking of headwear, _ sunglasses? talking of headwear, here - sunglasses? talking of headwear, here is - sunglasses? talking of headwear, here is a i

sunglasses? talking ofi headwear, here is a 3d sunglasses? talking of- headwear, here is a 3d into it headwear, here is a sd into it for a queen. headwear, here is a sd into it for a queen-— for a queen. and when is elephant _ for a queen. and when is elephant ivory _ for a queen. and when is elephant ivory not - for a queen. and when is elephant ivory not from i for a queen. and when is i elephant ivory not from an elephant?— elephant ivory not from an elehant? ~ , ., ., elephant? when it is from a 10,000 -year-old _ elephant? when it is from a 10,000 -year-old fossil. i elephant? when it is from a i 10,000 -year-old fossil. chris has the tech _ 10,000 -year-old fossil. chris has the tech to _ 10,000 -year-old fossil. chris has the tech to tell _ 10,000 -year-old fossil. chris has the tech to tell the - has the tech to tell the difference. if has the tech to tell the difference.— has the tech to tell the difference. if you are 'ust handed that, i difference. if you are 'ust handed that, could h difference. if you are just handed that, could you i difference. if you are just i handed that, could you tell? no, — handed that, could you tell? no, not _ handed that, could you tell? no, not immediately. yes, it's going to be a mammoth show. those of us who wear glasses know exactly how annoying they can be when they fog up. everything goes somewhere. so here comes the technical bit. condensation occurs when water vapour from your sweat, breath

or the environment around you lands on a cold surface. as it cools, it changes into tiny drops of liquid, forming a film that looks a bit like fog. so how do you stop this? you could use a spray. or a lens cloth. this could help for a little while, but what if there was a more permanent solution? they are relatively cool compared to your breath, especially when outside areas cold. so in order to see things properly, we need to see things properly, we need to go outside. we are heading to go outside. we are heading to the stunning alps to meet the team from eta zurich to get hands—on with the glasses. , eth. this solar—powered innovation aims to end fog up

lenses and we are here to see it in action. traditionally surfaces coasted, coated with water attracting molecules which attracts an even spread of condensation. this is how regular antifog systems work. this new method heats the surface, preventing condensation from humidity forming in the first place. eg�*s forming in the first place. 5096 ofthe forming in the first place. 5096 of the sunlight _ forming in the first place. 5096 of the sunlight is _ forming in the first place. “i:% of the sunlight is invisible and we're not seeing it with our human eye. it is infrared, and we designed a coding that absorbs this infrared energy, heats up the service and then can stop fog. the whole mission behind our coding is to make something that is durable and in comparison with existing antifog solutions which you always have to reapply, you use plastic bottles and we provide a durable one—stop solution that lasts. 50 a durable one-stop solution that laste— that lasts. so this coating absorbs radiation, - that lasts. so this coating absorbs radiation, but i that lasts. so this coating l absorbs radiation, but how that lasts. so this coating i absorbs radiation, but how do you ensure it is absorbing enough radiation and not too much heat with so it is practical? it much heat with so it is practical?— much heat with so it is practical? it is a subtle balance- _ practical? it is a subtle

balance. obviously i practical? it is a subtle balance. obviously the i practical? it is a subtle - balance. obviously the energy is limited to a certain extent, you cannot heat up to 100 celsius but we can tune actually how much infrared coating absorbs and also change the effect on the temperature. the coating is extremely in. it is perfectly clear but behind the scenes it is busy warming up the scenes it is busy warming up to block fog. no fog, no fuss. but how does it work, you ask? well, it is in layers. each of this coating is a logo. the party in the middle contains gold and has the importantjob of soaking up all that radiation. one amounted boosts the absorption, keeping the precious metal safe from wearing out. tasty, right? maybe we should have made burgers rather than muffins. oh, well. we are also looking into another sector because on the one hand you have the windshields that fog up and it always takes on while before

they default but you'll have sensory radar systems in medical devices when you have human breath that can deteriorate a signal. this sunlight _ deteriorate a signal. this sunlight powered - deteriorate a signal. this sunlight powered coating could change the way we see things, quite literally. so could this be the solution we have been waiting for? the future could look a whole lot clearer, powered by a little bit of sunshine and a dash of gold. . wearables have been trying to help us be our best selves for years. now though it might be time to dig deeper. not my usual attire. time to dig deeper. not my usualattire. now time to dig deeper. not my usual attire. now there is plenty of technology out there to help us track our health with an increasing focus on ways to either prevent disease

or identified early, i've come to visit one company that is hoping to provide low—cost scans, so instead of the thousands of pounds that they can cost, the full body once overfor can cost, the full body once over forjust a few hundred quid. but how useful are they? nico helped was co—founded by spotify founder daniel eric, so unsurprisingly has tech at its core. , , , ., core. first we will be standing with a body — core. first we will be standing with a body scanner. - core. first we will be standing with a body scanner. it - core. first we will be standing with a body scanner. it is i core. first we will be standing with a body scanner. it is not| with a body scanner. it is not what i was — with a body scanner. it is not what i was expecting, - with a body scanner. it is not what i was expecting, it i with a body scanner. it is not| what i was expecting, it looks like a dance floor. this will of cameras is responsible for over 2000 2d and sd images which will be able to map all the moles and lesions you may have on your body and the ai system will flag anything of interest alongside an actual doctor checking. the scanner is also looking for information with its thermal imaging cameras. with its thermal imaging cameras-— with its thermal imaging cameras. ~ ., , ., , cameras. we are trying to bring in 21st-century _ cameras. we are trying to bring in 21st-century technology i cameras. we are trying to bring in 21st-century technology and | in 21st—century technology and use data to create a very personalised help experience.

who better to sort of guide us through that and daniel has done that with this information.- done that with this information. ., , . ~ ., ., information. robe back on. that was bright _ information. robe back on. that was bright and _ information. robe back on. that was bright and quick. _ information. robe back on. that was bright and quick. then i was bright and quick. then bloods are taken and zoomed off in a tube. i pressure is track, along with blood pressure and grip strength, which they consider as a marker of how you're expected to recover from serious disease. —— i pressure is tracked. then there are a load of cardiovascular checks, and ecg plus some fancy machines that we were not allowed to film in action. we want to get _ allowed to film in action. we want to get as _ allowed to film in action. - want to get as much health information in as short amount of time as possible in the cheapest way possible, so we use any technology we can find to deliver that. 50 use any technology we can find to deliver that.— to deliver that. so that as the laser redial _ to deliver that. so that as the laser redial machine. - to deliver that. so that as the laser redial machine. , i to deliver that. so that as the laser redial machine. , radarl laser redial machine. , radar machine _ laser redial machine. , radar machine. you measure parts of the body— machine. you measure parts of the body in _ machine. you measure parts of the body in that philosophy. it

also _ the body in that philosophy. it also helps with cardiovascular health — also helps with cardiovascular health. last but not least, we have — health. last but not least, we have a — health. last but not least, we have a tissue scanner and you have — have a tissue scanner and you have the _ have a tissue scanner and you have the micro circulation beneath _ have the micro circulation beneath your skin. by using light— beneath your skin. by using light waves in different frequencies and wavelengths. then— frequencies and wavelengths. then you _ frequencies and wavelengths. then you meet the doctor in a pod who presents you with a lot of data, advice and your avatar. apart from my grip strength needing some work i had a screen of optimal readings. then came a good nose inside my veins. on hearing this. it inside my veins. on hearing this. , ~' this. it sounds like thunder. those are — this. it sounds like thunder. those are some _ this. it sounds like thunder. those are some strong i this. it sounds like thunder. i those are some strong healthy heart sounds. there are specialists in further available on—site for anything that needs escalating. i want to help and that might happen. we went through all of the scans we did in ourfirst year in sweden and we published our accounts. what we found was

that one in 100, i%, we had a life—threatening condition. with about 10% we have something seriously going on which was undiagnosed. one series two we have the ability of full body scans, not nico specifically bit any of the best solution.— specifically bit any of the best solution. you can't go fishin: best solution. you can't go fishing which _ best solution. you can't go fishing which is _ best solution. you can't go fishing which is put - best solution. you can't go i fishing which is put somebody through the machine and hope for the best. you have to be looking for something, looking for a disease that is important. it for a disease that is important. for a disease that is imortant. ., , , , , for a disease that is imortant. ., ,, , , important. it happens is you ick u- important. it happens is you pick up coincidental- important. it happens is you | pick up coincidental findings. you end up having more tests and more tests. what we should be promoting is the scans but people getting wearables to start understanding their body. if someone is healthy it is unnecessary checking things.

helping — unnecessary checking things. helping these people stay healthy, that is actually the most — healthy, that is actually the most important thing in future. this fusion— most important thing in future. this fusion of ai taken human doctors appeared to do the bits it did well, but on the flipside of overdiagnosis, how about what it cannot save. digestive issues, women's health, may be other cancers. warning signs much of him blood tests or be raised in a consultation, but amidst what aims to be a comprehensive once over there are still limitations. . ok, time to look at this week's tech news now. ai assistance with really good long—term memory is about a year away according to microsoft's head of ai missed officer lehman. he says products that can recall several things will encourage users to invest more time and share more of their personal

history. some critics have concerns about this level of integration including privacy, and the possibility of the ai tools giving wrong information with inbuilt bias towards the user. scientists at the university of montreal our new ways to help cats suffering from chronic pain. instead of having to sedate the felines, they been able to scan the brains while they are awake, using electrodes hidden under specially knitted hats. in the past the cats tended to shake off what you are wide electrodes used in testing. they are cats, that is what they do. but now the cats in hats are accusing cosy. and it is happy birthday to comic sans. this font has been around for s0 years. it was originally designed as part of microsoft bob. these are software designed to make windows more user—friendly. it was released in 1994 and unbelievably it is still around today. a dead

smart and elephant, its tasks removed. poachers are suspected. to protect elements, the transnational trade in modern ivory is bound by international commercial, got they have that prohibited because they came from extinct ice age relatives. the woolly mammoth. tons of ancient tasks are extracted from the frozen ground every year. telling the difference between illegal elephant ivory was a real problem for border security and is even a challenge for mammoth experts at the natural history museum in london. adrian, lovely to see you. in his office, the professor gathered together lots of examples of mammoth ivory. they are closely

related to living elephants but they are adapted to the cold conditions of the ice age, and they had a huge distribution. it's been estimated there were probably as many as 10 million mammoths at their peak. how hard is it to tell a difference between mammoth ivory and elephant ivory? once a piece has been carved like this little mammoth model which is made of mammoth ivory however, if i didn't know that, i couldn't tell.

secondly, it's expensive and would take time — weeks — before you got the result. and if you're a border security guard, you know, trying to stop the trade in illegal elephant ivory, a tough job to try and tell the two apart. yes. i mean, you can't do it. you couldn't, really. - there's not really any way of knowing. i mean, we've got a piece of elephant ivory here. how easy would it be to disguise this as mammoth ivory? very, very easy. you see this piece of elephant ivory that's been in the museum for years. here's an equivalent tusk tip from a mammoth, and all you would have to do would be to stain this a brown colour and you couldn't tell the difference. so this is a school of anatomy. you'd never guess, would you? laughter take care at bristol university, dr rebecca shepherd, with help from professor lister and others, has found a quick way to tell different types of ivory apart using lasers.

there's a piece of equipment at airports around the world called a raman spectrometer, and this is already used in the identification of materials for things like drugs and unidentified liquids, so we're trying to repurpose this to tell the difference between elephant and mammoth ivory. essentially, it shines a laser at a sample, and the way that laser bounces back to the detector can tell you really detailed information about what a material is made of. there are people running legitimate businesses carving mammoth ivory, and presumably your technique will be useful for them because it gives them a way of proving, look, this is legal mammoth ivory. absolutely. it can be used tojust prove that a sample is what it says it is. is there a lot of interest from law enforcement in this new technique? there is. i've been talking to people within border force in the uk and the uk wildlife crime agency, and there is potential use for this in law enforcement in the uk. you're also thinking about

different types of things that you could identify using this tech. i had a really interesting conversation with somebody from homeland security recently who said that it's a bit of a problem people trying to smuggle eggs of endangered bird species across the border from mexico. so the next project i'd like to get started is to see if we can tell the difference between eggs of different species. since she published her results, dr shepherd's work has attracted international interest. so, i'm currently in hong kong, and i'm here to present my research at a workshop that's designed to get together people involved in preventing wildlife crime from across all of asia. so there's people from wwf, people from border force, people from homeland security, and everyone with an interest in wildlife crime. well, the mammoths are extinct, helped on their way by human beings. some people fear elephants might go the same way. mammoths only went extinct

4,000 years ago and we think that the reason for that was a kind of double whammy of climate change that was happening at that time and hunting by people. and when we look at modern elephants, they are faced by the same combination of factors. so the mammoth, if you like, is a kind of a lesson from the past that if we don't do something about it, the living elephants may go the same way. i have seen gods fly. spencer: in the heart of africa lies the top secret, high—tech nation of wakanda, the setting for marvel�*s two iconic black panther movies and ruled over by angela bassett�*s queen ramonda. my son, it is your time. much of the movie was created

using suitably advanced technology, and that includes the queen's wardrobe, the most elaborate parts of which — her crown and neckwear — were sd printed. more complex geometries, more innovative designs, and also in a more sustainable way. julia koerner is an austrian designer and architect who specialises in sd printing high fashion pieces and products, couture dresses, bags, accessories and ornaments. but it was queen ramonda's fabulous attire that caught our eye and also those of the oscars judges. both black panther films won their costume designer, ruth e carter, academy awards. the design process for black panther was looking at the traditional zulu patterns, which traditional african women would wear and taking those african

patterns and digitising them in the computer to represent the regal attire of the queen. there are many different sd printing techniques, and the crown was created using something called laser sintering, where lasers melt together particular parts of a box of powder, leaving the rest as dust. the end product is then dug out and the remaining powder reused. one of the great things about it is that you can realise very filigreed, very fine structures which you cannot make with any other technology. how did you get involved with black panther, and did you even know who you were working for? at the beginning, i didn't know who i was working for. i started the design process, then the actress was cast. i literally put into google, "angela bassett, film star, film technology," and then realised it was for marvel and black panther. so that's how you found out who you were working for? exactly. when i first time watched the film, i think one of the most overwhelming things was to actually see the work

on the big screen, to see how many people in the world were able to see this. and i had friends come to me and say, "julia, ifinally know what you're actually doing!" over the years, julia has collaborated with several haute couture houses. her designs are unique, inspired by nature, with a focus on using sustainable materials in the sd printing process. a prime example of this isjulia's setaejacket, which was shown in philadelphia's museum of art. i was inspired by the madagascan sunset butterfly moth, because it has thousands of different colours in its wing, and it was the first jacket made in this technique that a printer, like in an ink—jet printing process, puts the material layer

by layer onto the jacket. because it's printed in little dots and points, there's a certain flexibility which stays within the fabric. sd printing is a technology which seems to be finding its place at either end but not the middle of the market — amongst those who need expensive bespoke items, and the hobbyists. cue toybox. we make it accessible. if you remember, like, eight years ago, everyone was telling you that sd printing was going to take over the i world...- ..and it didn't. and the reason it didn't is cos it's really difficult to do. and that's why the founders of this company created toybox. what differentiates this printer is all of the technical stuff,

the mumbojumbo behind the scenes, all of that is done for you and you just press print. toybox is a small, personal sd printer that's trying to — ahem — break the mould. it's connected to an app with 15,000 designs to choose from, many of which are free. the printing process can take anything from six minutes to several hours, depending on the complexity of the design and the resolution — the number of lines per centimetre that you're happy to print at. this chap took nine minutes. a little cat. and amazing how intricate you can get. one of the things that's always intrigued me about sd printing is the idea you can create objects impossible to manufacture in any other way, s they're so complex and weird and they've got bits inside and outside other bits. now you can also make things which are flexible, but print them all in one go. so this comes out of the printer as a oner and then you just give the joints a little wiggle and it snaps the little supporting struts between each one, and you get something bendy like this hammerhead shark. multicoloured toys are printed in their constituent coloured components and then snapped

together afterwards. but hang on — how do you preventjust anyone from churning out loads of these copyrighted toys without permission? so, let's say you were to going to print spongebob's head. you would press spongebob's head, it would send a message up to the cloud, the cloud would encrypt that file and send it directly to your printer to only print once. so it never hits your phone, your computer, or your tablet — it only goes to your printer and it's only encrypted to work on your printer once. but here's a question that's always bothered me — aren't sd printed objects always going to be more expensive to make than those identical, mass produced, injection moulded items that we're all used to? well, julia koerner has a thought on that too. i think in today's time, where we focus on personalisation and mass customisation, the sd printing technology brings advantages in these aspects where you

can have your unique design personalised in your unique colour, maybe with your initials designed into it. also, i think in today's time, do we really need to produce a million pieces where we end up not knowing if we actually will sell those? it is an interesting thought, isn't it? but if sd printing is to be a sustainable alternative to mass production, if we really want to reap the benefits of this technology, well, we do have to be able to afford it. anyway, that's it from us for this week. thank you very much for watching and we will see you soon.

hello. for many of us, friday

was a pretty mild day thanks to the south to southeasterly winds. the best of the sunshine was across england and wales. we had a top temperature of 18 degrees around the london area but for scotland and northern ireland, there was a lot more cloud than there has been, bringing outbreaks of rain over recent hours. now, on the satellite picture, you can see the weather front that's bringing in that zone of cloudier weather over the north—west of the uk. a strong jet stream continues to develop this weather system and it's going to be bringing some very heavy rain into the republic of ireland, where there's probably going to be some flooding across southern areas. the front itself is very slow—moving, so over the next few hours, it's going to keep the largely clear skies across england and wales. one or two fog patches possible in the east, where temperatures could dip as low as about s or 4 degrees in the coldest spots. but across the north—west of the uk, temperatures staying up into double figures because we've got that cloud. there's a fair breeze around here, but we also have a bit of rain to come as well. now, heading into the first part of saturday, there will be some pulses of heavy rain that

works into northern ireland. the rain tending to come and go so there might be some brighter spells for the afternoon here. rain at times too for western and northern areas of scotland, but away from that, for eastern and southern scotland, for the bulk of eastern wales and all of england, really, it should be a fine and a dry day with plenty of sunshine. it's going to be another mild one. top temperatures could hit 18 degrees once again. now, these weather fronts will then push eastwards through saturday night, weakening as they run into our area of high pressure to the east, so just a few patches of light rain. there will be some damp weather then for some as we start off sunday morning, but we've got a more pronounced band of heavier rain that, through the afternoon, will spread into northern ireland, this time wales

and south—west england getting a bit of a soaking too. the south to southeasterly winds continue to drive up the mild air, so temperatures above average for most, looking at around 17 in london and cardiff and about 14 for edinburgh. meanwhile, a low pressure, perhaps to our south, contains the remnants of hurricane kirk. well, that could bring some very strong winds to parts of western europe. but in the uk, an unsettled—looking week, quite windy at times, with showers or longer spells of rain next week.

live from washington, this is bbc news. israel says its forces have hit more than 2000 targets in lebanon since it began ground operations on tuesday. this is the scene live in beirut after reports of more explosions in the south of the lebanese capital. kamala harris and donald trump step up campaigning in key swing states across the us with a month until election day. the world health organization approves the first diagnostic test for mpox in its effort to ease the crisis in central africa. hello, i'm helena humphrey. glad you could join me. there are reports of more explosions and strikes