pressure grows on the archbishop of canterbury to resign over failure to act against a prolific child abuser linked to the church. china's aviation industry takes center stage at one of the world's largest air shows in zhuhai. shell has welcomed the verdict of an appeals court in the netherlands which has dismissed a landmark judgement against the oil and gas company. in the original ruling in 2021, shell had been ordered to cut its absolute carbon emissions by 45% by 2030 — compared to 2019 levels — including those caused by the use of its products. shell argued the ruling would force it to shrink its business without any benefit to the fight against climate change, as customers would simply shift to other suppliers. the court did agree that shell has an obligation to cut its greenhouse gas emissions in order

to protect people from global warming. let's speak to our correspondent in the hague, anna holligan. just talk us through in layman's terms what has been decided. i layman's terms what has been decided. . , ., . layman's terms what has been decided. . , . . , decided. i was watching this judgment — decided. i was watching this judgment in _ decided. i was watching this judgment in touch _ decided. i was watching this judgment in touch so - decided. i was watching this judgment in touch so i - decided. i was watching this judgment in touch so i will. judgment in touch so i will translate into english and try to put it into lamens terms. you mentioned the response from shell, according to shah's interpretation of this appeals court decision we no longer have two reduce emissions, shall say, but we are doing. we remain committed, according to shell, to becoming a net zero business by 2050. this comes down to figures because according to the appeal court judges they said shell has an abs —— an obligation to limit c02 abs —— an obligation to limit co2 emissions and that obligation is based on the

human right to protection from climate change. but friends of the earth here in the netherlands had put a specific figure on this, saying it should be reduced by 45% by 2030 compared to 2019 levels. that is where this appeals court said that is not possible, they can't put a specific figure on it or compel shell to reduce emissions by a certain percentage because, it says, running down this immense judgment, basically there isn't a figure that exists worldwide that have stated the exact amount companies have two reduce emissions by two comply. because those figures don't exist, essentially, i hope this is lehmann enough, the court compared to a figure on it and it has rejected all the friends of the earth's requests. it is

so impressive _ of the earth's requests. it is so impressive you _ of the earth's requests. it is so impressive you translating from dutch into english what it's really technical and explaining it to us. friends of the earth netherlands has argued there was an international is that human rights of the protections against dangerous climate change, is that not the case now? let'sjust look change, is that not the case now? let's just look at what friends of the earth had said in response, that might help us to understand their position. friends of the earth really defensive on the shell ruling, they say, headline, we will keep fighting the big polluters. the court has ruled in shell's appeal that the oil and gas giant has a responsibility to reduce emissions but has not imposed a reduction of obligation. friends of the earth's directors here says this hurts, at the same time the case has ensured major polluters have a responsibility and it has

fuelled the debate about the responsibility in combating dangerous climate change. this is about a corporate responsibility when it comes to c02 responsibility when it comes to co2 emissions and we expect friends of the earth alongside the 17,000 citizens who supported them in bringing this case to appeal, so that would probably happen in the next three months, and it could be years before the supreme court here in the hague gives a final ruling in this case. studio: as always, thank you for bringing this to us, anna holligan on that landmark case, reporting from the hague. much more on our website and obviously this is all happening world cup 29 is all happening world cup 29 is happening and we will be back with that through the day. now to the uk. —— obviously this is all happening, cop 29 is happening.

the archbishop of canterbury is facing mounting pressure to resign over his handling of child abuse byjohn smyth, who ran christian children's camps associated with the church of england. a review found thatjustin welby should have reported the case to authorities when details were presented to him in 2013. graham satchell reports. in front of destructive evil. pressure is mounting on the archbishop of canterbury to resign for his handling of an abuse scandal that lasted more than 50 years. critics within the church of england sayjustin welby knew what was going on and didn't do enough soon enough to stop it. i'mjohn smyth. the abuse was carried out by this man, described as the most prolific serial abuser associated with the church of england. people matter to us very much. from the 19705, john smyth groomed boys and young men at christian summer camps and at schools like winchester college, gaining their confidence before attacking them. he subjected me to a terrible assault. he basically caned me so many times that i thought i was going to die. the first cases of abuse by smyth were in the mid—19705.

by the early �*80s, church officials knew what was happening, but the report says there was an active cover up. in 1984, smyth moved to zimbabwe and then south africa, where the abuse continued. justin welby was informed in an internal church report in 2013. smyth�*s abuses were finally exposed publicly in a channel 4 documentary in 2017, something justin welby said at the time was the first he knew ofjohn smyth�*s behaviour. smyth died in 2018 without ever facing justice. justin welby�*s critics say by not pursuing the allegations against smyth in 2013, he effectively allowed the abuse to continue. he's lost confidence. he's lost the confidence of clergy on the ground, he's lost the confidence of survivors. and the promise to see people which were never delivered. justin has a busy diary, but there are things he could canceljust to make time to actually do what he said.

justin welby and all those senior clergy that did nothing but knew what was going on, they need to stand down. they need to be replaced by people who have a proven passion for this. justin welby has said he's deeply sorry the abuse happened and that he's considered resigning. but despite the growing criticism, he says he'll stay as archbishop of canterbury. graham satchell, bbc news. if you have been affected by any of the issues that match reports, bbc action line has details of organisations which can help. —— if you have been affected by any of the issues in that report. the us president—elect, donald trump, is pressing ahead with key appointments to his administration following his election victory. rumours and reports are swirling around who could take some of the top jobs in his second administration. we already know, among

others that tom homan trump's, quote, "border czar". he was the acting director of immigrations and customs enforcement at the beginning of mr trump's last term. and stephen miller — a long—time trump advisor known for his strong anti—immigration views — will be trump's deputy chief of staff for policy, one of the most powerful positions in the white house. our north america correspondent, david willis has more. well, his appointment has yet to be formally announced. and, of course, donald trump could change his mind. but multiple media reports here are suggesting that the florida senator, marco rubio, is in line to be named donald trump's secretary of state. now, senator rubio lost out in the race to become vice president tojd vance. if he is named as secretary of state, he would be the first latino to hold that position. and he is known as a china hawk. he is also someone who shares donald trump's views in regards to a quick solution to the conflict in ukraine. he is as isolationist in foreign policy as donald trump is.

he voted against the provision of additional military aid to ukraine quite recently, and while there's been no formal confirmation of his appointment, the trump transition team has announced a couple of other key appointments. elise stefanik has been appointed ambassador to the united nations. she was the youngest woman ever to be elected to congress, and she is not a great fan of the agency, the united nations that she will be representing, much like donald trump himself. lee zeldin, former congressman from new york, has been named as the head of the us environmental protection agency and will be devoting his early days in office, it seems, to unscrambling a lot of the biden administration's curbs on the release of carbon emissions, and also reports

that stephen miller, a long time aide to donald trump, architect of the controversial immigration policy that separated thousands of mexican migrants from their children, is on course to be appointed deputy white house chief of staff. now, donald trump vowed to shake up the federal government, and he looks well on course to doing that. still no word, though, on who's to head key departments such as the treasury and the pentagon. and of course, we're still awaiting word of who is to be the leader of the fbi and the cia. more on all of those appointments on our website. our thanks to david willis. around the world and across the uk, this is bbc news.

welcome back.

new zealand's prime minister, christopher luxon, has made a "formal and unreserved" apology in parliament on tuesday for the widespread abuse, torture and neglect of hundreds of thousands of children and vulnerable adults in care over the past 70 years. christopher luxon told survivors that their mistreatment was heartbreaking. let's have a listen to some of what he had to say. today i'm apologising on behalf of the government to everyone who suffered abuse, harm and neglect while in state care. today i make this apology to all survivors on behalf of my own and previous governments. you deserved so much better and i am deeply sorry that new zealand did not do better by you. i'm sorry that you were not believed when you came forward to report your abuse. i am sorry that many bystanders, staff, volunteers and carers turned a blind eye and failed to stop or report abuse. today i'm announcing a national

remembrance day will be held on november 12th next year to mark the one—year anniversary of this apology, and this will provide us with an opportunity to stop and to reflect on what you have enjoyed, and to ensure that we are doing all that we can to prevent future abuse. —— and reflect on what you have endured. here's our correspondent, phil mercer on how important this apology is for the victims. well, it's been a very long time coming. earlier this year a royal commission, a huge public inquiry, the longest and largest and most complex in new zealand's history, detailed abuse in care institutions dating from 1950 to 2019, that royal commission estimated that there were more than 200,000 young vulnerable adults and other children who were the victims of physical and sexual violence in care institutions run by the state, churches and other religious organisations.

and today we've heard this rare apology from a new zealand leader, christopher luxon, the prime minister, saying that the abuse perpetrated over 70 years was both horrific and heartbreaking. phil mercer. all commercial flights to haiti's capital, port au prince, have been suspended after gunfire hit a plane trying to land. the us flight from florida was diverted to the dominican republic just hours before the swearing—in of the country's new prime minister, amid ongoing political turmoil in the country. china's aviation industry is flexing its muscles at the china international aviation and aerospace exhibition in zhuhai. the air show, one of the largest in the world, is watched closely by analysts and rival powers because it gives rare clues on beijing's military hardware development. the show will feature the debut

of the j—35a stealth fighter. upon its commissioning, china will become the second nation after the us to have two types of stealth fighterjets in service. key highlights include also the latest version of the chinese navy's fighter jets, that adds china's close ties with russia are also on display. moscow has brought its most advanced su—57 fighterjet to the airshow for its first overseas demonstration. our china correspondent stephen mcdonnell is in zhuhai with more on the air show. let's just look at this vehicle behind me, a driverless flying car, would you believe. hello, future coming here right now! would you believe you are driving along and this is the car park, this top section flies off thunderbirds style. we can look inside. we'll have

a look. you are not try it yourself, it is programmed by someone on the ground or by headquarters or whatever, and the company thinks it will be a while before these vehicles are being used by ordinary families, it is more likely to be companies or tourist sites, i imagine this top section taking people to see the great wall of china or something like that. but there is also lots of military equipment here, people wanting to see china's new stealth fighters, meaning the pla now has two types of stealth fighters as it tries to consolidate its power in this region with tensions over taiwan, the south china sea and the like. rocket launchers, there is equipment he to block signals, all manner of drones, you name it. apart from projecting power, military power, apart from showing china's economic might, it also

wants to sell some of these which is why we have a of ordinary people and even buyers from over have turned up wanting to see this latest tech that china has on offer. it is thought to be as good as some of the stuff made by for example the united states and other western countries but, although expensive, still cheaper, which is why you are getting these emerging economies coming the zhuhai airshow and looking for bargains. i think he enjoyed showing off that case. the planet uranus and its five biggest moons have been thought to be dead, sterile worlds on the outer reaches of our solar system — but new research suggests otherwise. analysis of data gathered by nasa's voyager 2 spacecraft almost a0 years ago suggests the possible presence of oceans, one of the elements key to sustaining life. here's our science correspondent pallab ghosh. uranus is an icy world in the outer reaches

of our solar system. it's among the coldest of all the planets. scientists are studying the first pictures - of the planet uranus. the public got its first close—up look in 1986, when nasa's voyager 2 spacecraft flew by and sent back these sensational pictures of the planet and its five major moons. the data it sent back suggested that the planet and its moons were inactive, and it also found that uranus's protective magnetic field was strangely distorted. but a new analysis shows that voyager 2 flew past on a bad day. this is the position of the magnetic field of uranus when voyager 2 flew past. the field should act like a bottle, capturing the gases that the worlds give off. voyager 2 found none, indicating that they were all dead, sterile worlds. it turns out that the readings were taken during a powerful solar storm, which might have blown the gases away.

the storm also distorted the magnetic field, which had really looked like this. all of which means that uranus and all five of its moons might be active and have oceans. so these results mean that the uranian system could be much more exciting than we previously thought. there could be moons there that have the conditions necessary for life. they might have oceans below the surface, which could be, i don't know, teeming with fish. one of the scientists working on the 1986 voyager flyby was delighted to hear about the new results, which have been published in the journal nature astronomy. i find the new results very fascinating, and i'm really excited to see that there is potential for life in the uranian system, and that so much is being done with the voyager data. that is really amazing, that scientists are going back and looking at this data collected in 1986 and finding new results and new discoveries.

it's been nearly a0 years since voyager 2 flew past the icy world and its moons. nasa plans to launch a new mission, due to arrive in 2045. scientists hope to find out then, whether the moons might have the possibility of being home to life. pallab ghosh, bbc news. the broadcaster gary lineker, the bbc presenter, is due to step down as host of flagship football programme match of the day at the end of the season. you can see journalists trying to catch up with him, but there was no comment. you are watching bbc news, much more on gary lineker on our website as well. in september, bbc has interviewed five women, who all say they were raped or sexually assaulted

by the billionaire businessman and former harrods owner mohamed al fayed whilst working at the department store. their interview followed a bbc investigation which exposed hundreds of allegations against al fayed — and the women we spoke to have told us that since joining forces they now have new found strength. our correspondent ellie price caught up with them. the things that we've shared over the last six weeks will bond us together, probably for the rest of our lives. we can stand up stronger and hold our heads high now instead of being carried in shame. and i feel that i've had a sort of cloak that's lifting off me. all this weight is coming off my shoulders and i'm feeling prouder of myself now. a friendship born out of shared dark experiences. three. two. one. as the number of women accusing former harrods boss of sexual abuse rises at 830, we will devote half an hour of the programme to speak to survivors live here in the studio. five women with their own stories of abuse at the hands of mohamed al fayed.

we arejoined here on breakfast right now byjen, nicole, lindsay, jemma and catherine. the bbc breakfast sofa was the first time we were all interviewed together. up until then, i think we all felt like we'd been through something very much on our own, and there's something just very comforting about being with each other and drawing strength from the fact that we're not the only ones that have gone through this. and we've talked about a kind of shorthand that we feel that we have, where we can talk about things without needing to explain ourselves, because we all lived in that same scenario with that despicable man. sharing their stories has not been easy. reliving those terrible moments. they enabled all these people, enabled this situation and left us like lambs to the slaughter. but in the weeks since, they've taken comfort in being able to do it together. you kind of

accepted what was going on and internalised that actually, you know, it was is itjust me? i still kind of feel like i'm in a bit of a surreal experience. it's something that for 15 years i've kept a really dark secret. i think it's been one of the most important things in this whole process is having the support from other women. we have days where it's difficult, but with the group of women that we've met, you all bring each other up. you have days when you're feeling less powerful and the other women just boost you up and you suddenly feel like you can conquer the world. the women are now part of a group of survivors who have come together to support each other. ijust don't think that we would be this far along in our recovery had we not got each other. and you know, our mottos are, you know, be kind and we're stronger together. so that's exactly what we do. and we all have so much to say. and we've all got, you know, quite feisty personalities and, you know, all quite boisterous. and we do have a lot of fun and laughs as well most days. but these five were part of the original documentary

and have taken comfort in the fact so many others have now spoken out about their abuse by a mohamed al fayed. a lot of people were too scared to come forward at the time of the making of the documentary. i mean, we were all terrified. but it's nice that people are seeing that there's a safe space now that they can come and join us. and, you know, they don't have to be on a documentary. they don't have to be on television. they can justjoin the group. they can get to know us and share their story, or not — if they don't want to, they can, you know, just have a safe space to be. we're definitely stronger together. but i think individually we're also very much stronger. and i think once you've realised that you do have that strength and you do... you are capable of moving mountains, as it were, together. you know, it... you do relax. and there there are

things to smile about. there is happiness on the horizon. people can start looking forward rather than constantly backwards or stuck in the same place. do you think he'd be really annoyed that you'd all come together? oh my god, yeah, he'd be absolutely incandescent with rage. we weren't allowed to talk to each other. to share things. we weren't allowed to share experiences. to become friends so that people didn't connect the dots of what he was doing. just... he'd be enraged, wouldn't he? so i think that's fantastic. what we really want to be able to do now is talk about the fact that there are also some positives that have come out of this terrible situation, one of those being that actually we have forged some amazing friendships, some amazing connections. it's time to be able to talk in maybe more positive terms now, and to talk about how empowered we feel, how much stronger we feel, and that maybe it's ok that we can start healing and smiling or something.

an improved anti—smoking pill is to be made available on the nhs in england. the new version of varenicline is taken once a day and is regarded as being as good as vaping when it comes to helping people to quit smoking — and more effective than nicotine patches or chewing gums. now carol kirkwood has the weather. it has been a chilly start to the day, some of us started with sunshine, some with fog, and over the next few days patchy fog is developing, lots of which in the west. dry for most of us, patchy light rain and drizzle at times but some sunshine and turning colder into the weekend. into the afternoon we have hazy sunshine, still some scattered showers in the south—east, some spreading further west and also getting into the channel islands, and we have all this cloud coming from the north—west. most of the fog

will left but were it lingers temperatures will be suppressed. this evening and overnight the weather makes progress south, fog reforms in very similar areas to last night and it will be chilly, particularly in the countryside, where we could see pockets of frost. tomorrow starts with fog in western areas again, it will be everywhere of course —— it won't be everywhere, of course, it is patchy, but some izco dog slow to clear. light rain and drizzle across scotland, northern ireland, eventually northern england and north wales. i had to be brighter skies, brighterskies wales. i had to be brighter skies, brighter skies following behind. into the middle of the week high pressure pushes out towards the atlantic and not much in the way i suppose on the charts, so thursday starts with mist and fog, a cloudy day generally, the odd spot of rain coming out of the clouds that we see a slice of drier and brighter weather across

northern england, potentially north wales