live from london. this is bbc news. 620 leaders meeting in brazil call for ceasefires in gaza and lebanon — and voice support for peace in ukraine. more than a0 of hong kong's pro—democracy campaigners — including joshua wong — have been sentenced to prison terms of up to 10 years following a controversial national security trial. thousands of farmers are expected to gather in central london to protest the government's planned changes to inheritance tax. and tens of thousands rally in new zealand s capital over a bill that seeks to reinterpret the country s founding document with the maori people.

hello. leaders of the 620 meeting in brazil have unanimously called for ceasefires in gaza and lebanon — and voiced support for what they called a comprehensive, just, and durable peace in ukraine. the statement comes after the us gave permission to ukraine to use long—range missiles against targets in russia — a decision welcomed by european leaders at the summit. meanwhile the kremlin has vowed a tangible response. it comes as ukraine marks 1,000 days since russia's invasion. we begin with this report we begin with this report from our diplomatic from our diplomatic correspondent james landale, who is at the 620 correspondent james landale, who is at the 620 summit in rio. summit in rio. bombardments in a war another day, another round of air strikes on ukraine. this time in the streets this time in the streets of 0desa on the black sea. of 0desa on the black sea. the devastating impact of the russian missile the devastating impact of the russian missile in a residential area, in a residential area, leaving ten dead, leaving ten dead, more than a0 wounded. more than a0 wounded.

just at the latest just at the latest bombardments in a war almost a 1,000 days old. a strike that could be resisted better now kyiv can use these american missiles against russian air bases across the border. but will the us permission mean britain and france will now allow ukraine to use their own storm shadow missiles in the same way? the prime minister, who is attending the 620 summit in brazil, said ukraine was his top priority but refused to say if he would allow british made missiles to be launched against targets in russia.

it's foreign minister sergei lavrov is here instead of president putin, who is facing arrest by an international court for alleged war crimes. neither has spoken, but the kremlin accuse the us of adding fuel to the fire. president biden had long resisted allowing ukraine to use us missiles in russia, fearing escalation, but he changed his mind, where his successor wants a fast end to the war. the united states strongly supports ukraine sovereignty and territorial integrity. everyone around this table as well. for mr biden and his fellow for mr biden and his fellow leaders know donald trump's leaders know donald trump's second presidency is coming second presidency is coming soon. soon. and his presence hangs and his presence hangs heavy over the summit. heavy over the summit. and it's notjust ukraine, and it's notjust ukraine, world leaders here are also world leaders here are also worried about the global worried about the global economy. economy. they fear that donald trump they fear that donald trump could trigger a devastating could trigger a devastating trade war if he imposes big trade war if he imposes big tariffs on chinese tariffs on chinese imports, with many other imports, with many other countries getting caught countries getting caught in the crossfire. in the crossfire.

that is one reason why sir keir starmer met president xi of china, the first british prime minister to do so for more than six years, seeking what he called a sensible and pragmatic relationship to boost trade and the economy at home. we want our relations to be consistent, durable, respectful, as we have agreed. avoid surprises where possible. these leaders have their own agenda. they want to discuss ending global hunger, boosting climate finance, and reforming international institutions so their interests are better represented. but once again, they are talking about ukraine and, yes, donald trump. james landale, bbc news, rio dejaneiro. ukraine's foreign minister has said the use of long—range missiles inside russia will have a positive impact on the battlefield.

for more on the difference they could make, here's our security correspondent 6ordon corera. they have a range of nearly 200 miles, more than other systems that will allow them to target positions behind russian fronts and hit concentrations of troops, including the north koreans, as well as ammunition and supply depots. one problem, though, is the supply of missiles may be limited, and the russians have had time to move aircraft out of range. let's speak to peter zalmayev, director of eurasia democracy initiative kyiv. lovely to see you again on bbc news. i wasjust lovely to see you again on bbc news. i was just telling my producer that we've been talking for

producer that we've been talkin: for , developments. we are seeing obviously a — developments. we are seeing obviously a positive _ obviously a positive development and we are still trying to unpack all of the political aspects of it, the military aspects and this particularly symbolic aspect i shall correspond suggested, it would be foolish and i had to expect the russians to be completely unprepared for this but having said that, once again we are faced with a situation where we are dealing with a dollar short on a day late and whether this will have a significant impact on the situation on the ground is very doubtful. russia is slowly but surely grabbing more and more of ukrainian territory and with every passing day the fighting is intensifying and it's very clear that vladimir putin knowing that donald trump has promised to bring a fast and

quick end to the war is trying to grab as much territory as possible so they can start talking about negotiations based on what the kremlin calls new territorial reality, meaning let's say, if russia captures donbas, he will insist on keeping it and have all of the parties involved sign off on this land grab.— the parties involved sign off on this land grab. given what ou on this land grab. given what you have _ on this land grab. given what you have just _ on this land grab. given what you havejust said, _ on this land grab. given what you have just said, time - on this land grab. given what you have just said, time is i on this land grab. given what you have just said, time is ofj you havejust said, time is of the essence here and what is going on between now and the organ operation of president electron, would you imagine what was on the mind of president biden and his advisers when they made the decision a couple of days ago to allow us long—range missiles to allow us long—range missiles to be used by ukraine inside russia. i to be used by ukraine inside russia. , . , ., russia. i believe the decision, my suspicion _ russia. i believe the decision, my suspicion is _ russia. i believe the decision, my suspicion is the _ russia. i believe the decision, my suspicion is the decision . my suspicion is the decision was made before the presidential election it's just a joe presidential election it's just ajoe biden did not want presidential election it's just a joe biden did not want to harm his protege's kamala

harris�*s chances but this decision had been in the making for some time in vladimir putin in the kremlin and his henchmen and allies, including from in the european union such as slovakia and hungary and the kimjong—un of slovakia and hungary and the kim jong—un of north slovakia and hungary and the kimjong—un of north korea, they are chiming in on the chorus of indignation and that this will lead to escalation. 0ur demay, russia are launching a missile on ukrainian cities, how much more escalation can you expect? what really worries me is that members of the incoming trump administration are chiming in with the same message that will lead to an escalation. that i think makes their role at least as independent neutral arbiters of this very doubtful. i'm very concerned as to what land they have for these negotiations and on which conditions ukraine oil, not say forced, to

negotiate.— oil, not say forced, to neuotiate. �* , ., negotiate. as i mentioned earlier, we _ negotiate. as i mentioned earlier, we started - negotiate. as i mentioned earlier, we started talkingj earlier, we started talking months before this war began, before russia invaded ukraine and it's had a huge impact on you personally, yourfamily. you personally, your family. talk you personally, yourfamily. talk us through the symbolic arrival at 1000 days. i mean, no one really _ arrival at 1000 days. i mean, no one really thought - arrival at 1000 days. i mean, no one really thought we - arrival at 1000 days. i mean, i no one really thought we would still be here a thousand days into it and it has defeated all of our worst case scenarios and expectations for how long this would go on and at the same time i think it has surprised the world, the ukrainian resilience. it is truly david against 6oliath and we are still there, hanging in and the potential perfidy we are staring into the dark and again appealing as a ukrainian

american i appeal to the incoming administration, just to make america great again is not by throwing rules of engagement out telling a window with every succeeding administration. that undercuts our trust and our credibility and stand by our allies. peter, thank you _ and stand by our allies. peter, thank you for— and stand by our allies. peter, thank you forjoining _ and stand by our allies. peter, thank you forjoining us - and stand by our allies. peter, thank you forjoining us this i thank you forjoining us this morning. now to some breaking news from the last couple of hours — 45 pro—democracy activists have been sentenced in hong kong — with jail terms spanning four to ten years — for their role in organising a vote to choose candidates for elections. many of those sentenced were already in prison. this is the scene outside the court. after the sentencing was announced, there was quick condemnation by both the us and australia. it marks the end of the biggest trial since the government in beijing imposed a national

security law on the territory in an effort to suppress dissent. we're hoping to speak to our correspondent who is outside the court later in the programme. just to say amongst those sentence we had any tai and joshua wong among the several sentence with any tai receiving ten years and joshua wong receiving more than four years —— benny tai. the last surviving military veterans of the uk s nuclear bomb tests of the 1950s are appealing to the prime minister to meet them, as part of their campaign for more recognition of what they say has been serious damage the test caused to their health. they've been speaking about their experiences in a bbc documentary, as dominic casciani reports the world doesn't know. i've been fighting this

battle for 63 years. for decades, the men who witnessed the british nuclear bomb tests have wondered whether they were part of a giant human experiment. it was really frightening. we thought we were going to die. this week, a special bbc documentary explores whether there was a cover—up. 22,000 military personnel watched the british explode bombs in australia and the south pacific. some of these men have suffered cancers and had children with genetic defects that they linked to the testing. john morris says his son may have been one of them. he was at the christmas island bomb tests in 1956. he told the bbc film that when his first born, stephen, died, he didn't accept the official explanation. if that little baby had got pneumonia when we put him to bed that night,

we would have known. he was perfectly healthy when we put him to bed. iwas numb. the only time i really, really understood was that when the undertaker came with his coffin. a little... a little white box. baby stephen was recorded as having died from pneumonia, but the family later obtained records of potential lung defects. they suspect that was linked to the nuclear tests. other documents suggest the military were monitoring the men through blood tests. this sheet for a pilot recorded gross irregularities in his blood. this summer, more documents were uncovered suggesting a special directive from ministers led to records being destroyed. the men have petitioned government after government and are raising funds to go back to court. three years ago they met

sir keir starmer, but both labour and conservative governments have maintained no records have been withheld. military chiefs say there is no link between the tests and the veterans ill health, but other nuclear states have compensated their veterans. the veterans want sir keir starmer�*s government to write what they believe has been an historical wrong, and they have many allies in the labour movement. the ministry of defence now says ministers are looking hard at the issue, including the question of records, but that doesn't reassure the men. time is not on their side. legal action to discover if records were secretly destroyed would take years, so the men want a one—off and limited tribunal to help them get answers. whatever the truth, ministers say, the men are now recognised by a medal remembered forever more for their contribution to national security. dominic casciani, bbc news. thousands of farmers

are expected to gather in central london today to protest at planned changes to inheritance tax included in the government's budget. the plan would introduce a tax on farms worth more than £1 million. the protesting farmers say they've been stabbed in the back by the labour government — which insists that few farms will be affected. and we'll have much more on this in our business today bulletin coming up in the next 15 minutes. around the world and across the uk. this is bbc news.

let's return to hong kong. and the news that 45 pro—democracy activists have been sentenced in hong kong — with jail terms spanning four to ten years. let's cross live to hong kong and speak to our reporter martin yip. martin, tell us more. yes, we

have been _ martin, tell us more. yes, we have been hearing _ martin, tell us more. yes, we have been hearing from - martin, tell us more. yes, we have been hearing from the i have been hearing from the courts that the defendants have been sad when they hear the sentence only panel did not read out the sentencing for everyone and it would take quite a while because there are 45 in total, they simply handed out the stats of written sentencing rationale to people in the dock and then they learned their fate in this very way. some of them waved to people, their loved ones in the public gallery. joshua wong shouted i love hong kong before they were all led away by prison guards. they are being processed before being sent to different prisons and then we saw some of the family members leaving, some in shock, some pretty calm and one of them was the wife of the defendants, a

well—known activist and legislator. she was chanting that even one day is too much for unjustjail time when she left the court with her companions.- left the court with her companions. left the court with her comanions. , ., ., companions. tell us more about what they _ companions. tell us more about what they have _ companions. tell us more about what they have been _ companions. tell us more about what they have been found - what they have been found guilty of. 50 what they have been found guilty of-— what they have been found uuil of. . ., , guilty of. so the charge is in official speak, _ guilty of. so the charge is in official speak, was - guilty of. so the charge is in l official speak, was conspiracy to commit subversion, centred on this primary election that the activists tried to organise or participated in back injuly 2020 and they organised well beforehand that was in the background of the anti—government protests and they wanted to send as many pro—democracy people into the legislator through the election which was then cancelled but beijing imposed the national security law injune 2020 and

they carried on with the primary and that this could be subversion in the national security police in hong kong saw dozens of them detained since then up to today, roughly three years and eight months, presumably these dates will be deducted from theirjail time so they might to come out relatively soon except for benny tai who's been sentenced to ten years, so will take some time before he will ever return to the free air.— to the free air. martin, thank ou to the free air. martin, thank you very _ to the free air. martin, thank you very much. _ to the free air. martin, thank you very much, outside - to the free air. martin, thank you very much, outside the l you very much, outside the courtroom in hong kong where the pro—democracy leaders been sentenced. thousands of people from across new zealand have gathered in the country's capital — wellington — at the end of a nine—day march against a controversial bill

seeking to reinterpret the country's founding treaty with the maori people. protestors gathered outside the country's parliament building argue the legislation would dilute the rights of the indigineous maori people — who make up nearly 20% of new zealand's population. the bill garnered international attention last week — when a clip of a maori opposition mp initiating a haka in protest in parliament went viral. 0ur correspondent katy watson is amongst the protestors on the streets of wellington — and sent this report. people are making their way to parliament. this is the culmination of a nine day hikoi, or peaceful march, that started right in the northern tip of new zealand's north island, and people have been making their way slowly down to here in the capital. now, at the heart of the issue is a bill that's trying to be pushed through by one of thejunior parties in the governing coalition, and that relates to the principles of the

treaty of waitangi. now, the treaty of waitangi is seen as the founding document here in new zealand. it's fundamental to race relations, effectively setting out the relationship and the sovereignty of the british colonisers and the maori people. but over time, the principles of the treaty have evolved, including protection, including partnership and redress. now the bill proposes this is a modern society, a modern new zealand that isn't just about maori people and the british crown, that it needs to be open to everyone. but the concern is, especially among maori people, that this is a treaty that was designed for the first nations of new zealand, and those need to be protected. and this comes in a much wider context of a government that many people here feel is trying to erode those hard fought rights of maori people. this is a country that is seen as a leader when it comes to indigenous rights, and many other countries with indigenous communities look to new zealand. but certainly here in the crown, people feel that they need to take a stand.

this is something that they're not going to stand for, and that they do not want this bill being pushed through. chinese state media say a number of people, including schoolchildren, have been injured after a car crashed into them outside a primary school in changde city, central hunan province. video on social media showed several people lying on the ground, while another video showed a passer—by breaking into the car with metal rods donald trump has nominated the republican congerssman scott duffy to be us transport secretary. mr duffy — a representative from wisconsin — is also currently a host on the fox business news channel, making him the second fox host to be nominated by the president—elect, for a cabinet position. if confirmed, mr duffy will oversee us transportation policies with a budget of over $100 billion. the deadline for countries to agree on the first—ever global treaty aimed at reducing plastic

pollution is approaching at the end of the year. advocates hope it will create a framework to reduce the use of plastics that pose a high—risk of pollution. it comes as plastic waste exports from mostly richer to poorer countries is on the rise. the bbc s leana hosea has been to malaysia to investigate just how safe the plastic trade is. this is where the world's plastic gets recycled in factories like this. the air is heavy with the smell of chemicals from melting plastic, and the workers have no protective clothing. many live in abandoned buildings near the factories. so there are lots of processes that can cause or create vaporised gases that is toxic to the human. and if these workers is not equipped with the proper protective equipment, such as gloves or masks, it will affect the workers. malaysia is now the top importer of foreign plastic waste since china closed their doors in 2018. most of the plastic is from ten rich nations, including japan, the netherlands,

the usa and the uk. made in uk. yeah, it's uk. yeah. however, much of the plastic coming to malaysia is not recyclable. we found a lot of non—recyclable plastic waste being sent to malaysia and it caused a terrible air pollution because those will be illegally burned in some rural areas like my community. south east asian countries became the dumping site of the developed country. 0nly around 9% of the world's plastic waste is actually recycled. it's just not feasible to recycle more, which is why the majority of it ends up in landfill orjust dumped out in nature, like here at this mountain of microplastics, which is at least 15m high and stinks of noxious chemicals. it's the burning of plastic that really worries local communities here. what am i supposed to tell you?

when i inhale the smoke from the burning plastic or cables, i suddenly collapse. i've been in and out of hospital five timesjust this year in the intensive care unit. but despite the pollution, malaysia's not going to ban foreign waste imports. a sizeable part of our plastic industry depends on imported plastics. partly it's legal and they have permits for imports, but some are also importing it illegally. eu, us, japan are among the countries that are responsible for including illegal exports. so the best way for me is that we still allow you to taper down the import of waste legally, but obviously to enforce, fully enforce the ban on illegal imports. business today next and we are looking — business today next and we are looking at — business today next and we are looking at the farmers who are gathering en masse near

parliament today in central london _ parliament today in central london and we will talk to one of the — london and we will talk to one of the leading protesters about their_ of the leading protesters about their view on the budget. i�*ll their view on the budget. i'll be back their view on the budget. be back in their view on the budget. i�*ll be back in a their view on the budget. l�*ll be back in a moment. hello. for some of us right now, there are some pretty tricky travel conditions out there — some snow, some ice — as cold air sinks its way across the uk. certainly a very cold feel to the weather on tuesday — more snow and ice for some. so what's going on? well, we've got this battleground, this dividing line between mild air still clinging on in the south, and something much colder surging down from the north. and along that dividing line, we've got a frontal system that has been bringing a mixture of rain, sleet, and snow. a lot of the snow over higher ground, but even seeing some to lower levels. parts of northern ireland, northern england, wales, the midlands starting the day with that wintry mix — some ice, as well. meanwhile, frequent snow showers in northern scotland — again, some ice to contend with here.

through the day, the zone of clouds, still a bit of patchy rain and hill snow pushing southwards across wales, the midlands, towards southern counties of england. another dose of heavy rain for the far southwest and the channel islands. further north you are, some spells of sunshine, but frequent wintry showers into the north and the northeast of scotland. and these are your afternoon temperatures, that cold air pushing southwards — 2—7 celsius at best. very cold indeed through tuesday night. still frequent wintry showers in areas exposed to this brisk wind. dry for many places inland with a bit of shelter. but it is going to be a cold start to wednesday morning with a widespread frost. quite a lot of sunshine around on wednesday, but some icy stretches and further wintry showers, again, in spots exposed to that northwesterly wind. it may be that we won't see quite as many showers at this stage on the east coast. the wind tending to push some

of those showers out to sea. talking of the winds — that wind will be pretty brisk, particularly up towards the north and the east. so those are your temperatures, 2—8 celsius at best — factor in the wind chill, it will feel colder than that. now, this little frontal system here may usher in some slightly less cold air from the north, but still some wintry showers as we head through thursday and friday. and then, for the weekend, signs of quite a big change. uncertainty about the detail, but it could be quite a deep area of low pressure pushes in from the atlantic. that would bring wind and rain, but something milder.

the straw that broke the camel's back — thousands of farmers expected in london to protest against the government's inheritance tax changes. counting the cost — uk retailers warn of inevitable job losses and closures over their mounting financial burdens from the budget. as 620 countries agree on the need to tax the super rich, there are fresh warnings the world is losing half a trillion dollars a year in lost taxes. plus, taking shape — president—elect trump picks fox business host sean duffy for transport secretary. live from london, this is business today.