new data suggests the concentrations of carbon dioxide has risen more quickly than ever on record last year. spacex's upgraded starship rocket has exploded minutes into its latest test flight. tributes are paid to american film—maker david lynch, who made the cult classic twin peaks, who has died at the age of 78. donald trump's team shared his new official portrait ahead of the inauguration on monday and it mightjust look familiar. hello, welcome to bbc news. israel and hamas have officially signed a ceasefire and hostage release deal, after overcoming last—minute disputes. israel's security cabinet is due to meet later to ratify the agreement. some ministers, including the far—right security minister itamar ben—gvir, have threatened to resign if it is approved, calling it a reward for hamas.

the civil defence agency in gaza says more than 80 palestinians have been killed by israeli strikes since the deal was first announced on wednesday. the ceasefire is meant to begin on sunday, with the release of the first three israeli hostages. simonjones reports. "we want an end to the war, we're broken." that was a message from some of the families of the israeli hostages still being held in gaza, as they took to the streets in tel aviv. the first phase of the ceasefire would see 33 hostages, including women, children and elderly people, exchanged for palestinian prisoners in israeli jails. we really hope and pray that these efforts will be fruitful and we can get all our hostages back as soon as possible. this has been a tremendous amount of pressure on the families, and we just hope this period will be over.

but opponents of the deal have also been making their feelings clear. injerusalem, israeli protesters blocked the road. the ceasefire agreement can't be implemented until it is approved by the israeli cabinet. that is now expected to happen today, after last minute disputes with hamas were overcome. but the far right security minister is in no mood to compromise. translation: if this reckless deal is approved and implemented, - the jewish power party will give the resignation letter to the prime minister. thejewish power party will not be part of the government and will withdraw from it. the deal would allow displaced palestinians to return to their homes. hamas insists it's committed to the ceasefire. despite the agreement, huge blasts have been seen over the gaza skyline from southern israel. the international community is calling for calm on all sides. on the ceasefire, yes, i am confident and i fully expect that implementation will begin,

as we said, on sunday. look, it's not exactly surprising that in a process, in a negotiation, that has been this challenging and this fraught, you may get a loose end. the ceasefire would see hundreds of aid lorries allowed into gaza each day. but if the deal comes in this weekend as planned, and holds, the reconstruction of the territory will still take years. simon jones, bbc news. our corresondent, jon donnison, is in jerusalem. let's speak to yossi mekelberg, senior associate fellow of the middle east and north africa programme at chatham house. thank you forjoining us. we have this israeli cabinet meeting expected later, do you expect them to approve the deal despite their splits with some on the far right? good morning. yes, i do. ithink the agreement is going to pass, i think there is also even a bigger majority

in the parliament because the opposition parties support this agreement, there is a general wide agreement, there is a general wide agreement within the israeli public for a very long time, the public says for a long time that they support a deal that will see the hostages also returning even if it means an end of war. at the same time, some of the far right oppose it idea logically. they want to see this war continue almost indefinitely. some of them tried to position themselves best in case of action but it's worth mentioning, one or two of them might resign from the cabinet, it doesn't mean that they leave the coalition and they bring the fall of the government. 50

bring the fall of the government. so assuming we get the ceasefire beginning on sunday, it's really the second phase that is crucial in these negotiations, isn't it? essen these negotiations, isn't it? even these negotiations, isn't it? even the first phase. — these negotiations, isn't it? even the first phase, the _ these negotiations, isn't it? even the first phase, the implementation, is going to not be easy because of a lot of many logistical sectors. there are still disagreements for instance about which palestinian prisoners are going to be released. we don't know the state of many of the hostages, physically, mentally, and who is going to be released on the israeli side. but you are absolutely right, the second phase is going to be very, very difficult to negotiate. for the same reason that uc the opposition in israel, from the far right, within the coalition and the government. even one ministerfrom likud threatened

yesterday to resign if they leave the philadelphi corridor. but also hamas are not going to make it easy to have any agreement because from their point of view as cruel as it is, they see hostages as an insurance policy.— is, they see hostages as an insurance policy. is, they see hostages as an insurance oli . ., ., , insurance policy. how important is donald trump _ insurance policy. how important is donald trump in _ insurance policy. how important is donald trump in all _ insurance policy. how important is donald trump in all of _ insurance policy. how important is donald trump in all of this? - donald trump in all of this? probably at this point he is the most crucial element in these negotiations. we know are very similar agreement, almost identical, was on the table back in may of 2023, and it was rejected, coming with all sorts of pretexts and new conditions by both sides, mainly by netanyahu. now i think, when trump enters into the fray, this has changed, because he has a very

different agenda. and i think the sides are worried on his response in case they are refused. despite everything the deal was still signed and it will be approved by the israeli cabinet. it is the sort of pressure we did not see under the biden administration in order to reach an agreement on the second phase, but also to look at the day after, the reconstruction. and for trump is my point of view, there is a bigger engender, possibly a two state solution, and further work. thank you very much for your insight, yossi mekelberg. our corresondent, jon donnison, is in jerusalem. just outline what we expect to happen today. just outline what we expect to happen today-— just outline what we expect to happen today. just outline what we expect to hauentoda . ~ , . happen today. well, we expect there are auoin happen today. well, we expect there are going to — happen today. well, we expect there are going to be _ happen today. well, we expect there are going to be two _

happen today. well, we expect there are going to be two meetings - happen today. well, we expect there are going to be two meetings here i happen today. well, we expect there are going to be two meetings here in israel possibly this morning. the first will be the security cabinet who will need to appeal this deal —— approve this deal and then the full government needs to approve it. we do expect the deal to be approved but you will know that there are two hardline right—wing ministers who will say they will quit the government if this deal goes ahead, they said this deal is letting her mass the hook and accuse the government of doing a deal with the devil, in other words with hamas in the view. they have touched things a bit, those ministers, and really backed down. they have said although they will resign their position as ministers within the government, they will not vote with the opposition to bring the government down yet. they say, as long as the war continues, when the first phase of the ceasefire deal is over in six weeks' time, they will not vote with the opposition forcing elections here in israel. so it buys prime minister netanyahu another six

weeks. and obviously things could look quite different in six weeks' time if we have got 33 hostages out of gaza as planned. that is of his are going to go down pretty well here in israel. i’m are going to go down pretty well here in israel.— here in israel. i'm interested in that, the _ here in israel. i'm interested in that, the politics, _ here in israel. i'm interested in that, the politics, what - here in israel. i'm interested in that, the politics, what in - here in israel. i'm interested in that, the politics, what in the l that, the politics, what in the normal street of israel, what do normal street of israel, what do normal people think about this deal? well, you can't talk about everyone as a single group, because this country is very divided on this issue. it's a very divisive issue. so, we were outside the israeli prime minister's office yesterday with protesters from the far right who were saying the deal should not be done, they say that the government has failed in its main war aim of totally eliminating hamas and they say they are letting hamas off the hook. at the same time there were protests down the street from another group which includes some

families of some hostages, and they say the government has been delaying on this dealfor say the government has been delaying on this deal for months, they have not been prioritising the return of the hostages, that they are really not achieving anything militarily in gaza now and it's time to do this deal. so you cannot speak for the people as a whole, it's a very divided issue, it divides the government, but the deal has been done and it should come into force on sunday if things go to plan. meanwhile, we should say, the fighting still continuing at the moment in gaza.— fighting still continuing at the moment in gaza. yeah, i 'ust saw re orts moment in gaza. yeah, i 'ust saw reports that i moment in gaza. yeah, i 'ust saw reports that nine h moment in gaza. yeah, ijust saw reports that nine palestinians - moment in gaza. yeah, ijust saw| reports that nine palestinians have been killed in israeli strikes in gaza at dawn this morning according to officials there, and by my count, that brings the total number of people killed just since this ceasefire was first announced on wednesday evening to close to 100, many more people have been injured. i was looking at some awful pictures yesterday that showed a

three—year—old boy still alive being pulled from huge pile of rubble, with gravel, all sorts in his mouth, covered in dust. so the suffering goes on. and i think that will continue to be honest, right up until when this ceasefire comes into place. jan until when this ceasefire comes into lace. , ., until when this ceasefire comes into place. jon donnison, in jerusalem, thank you- — let's get some of the day's other news now. firefighters battling two fires that have wreaked destruction across los angeles for nine days now have had some respite from the weather. the near hurricane—strength winds that initially fanned the flames and hampered rescue efforts have weakened into much lighter gusts. the former governor of the bank of england, mark carney, is running to replace justin trudeau, as leader of canada's governing liberal party. mr carney launched his bid from an ice rink in his hometown of alberta. mr trudeau announced his intention to resign as prime minister earlier this month. the incoming white house national security adviser says donald trump will try to save tiktok before a ban comes into place.

the supreme court is due to rule on a law that gave the apps owner until sunday to sell its us operations or face a ban. apple has suspended a new artificial intelligence feature that drew complaints, including from the bbc and the new york times, for making repeated mistakes in its news summaries. apple had previously promised only a software update that would clarify the role of ai in summary creation. levels of the most significant planet—warming gas in our atmosphere, carbon dioxide, rose more quickly than ever previously recorded last year. that's according to a study from the uk's met office which has warned that co2 at current levels are incompatible with the target of keeping global temperatures below 1.5 degrees. concentration of c02 are now 50% higher than before humans started burning large amounnts of fossilfuels. last year was the hottest on record with global temperatures

1.6 degrees above pre—industrial levels. let's speak to dr pep canadell, chief research scientist at the commonwealth scientific and industrial research organisation in australia. and has sat on the un's intergovernmental panel on climate change. so lots of knowledge on this subject. what do you make of these figures? 50 subject. what do you make of these fitures? _, ., subject. what do you make of these fitures? .., ., ., figures? so come to -- so, we are seeint figures? so come to -- so, we are seeing an — figures? so come to -- so, we are seeing an increasing _ figures? so come to -- so, we are seeing an increasing fossil- figures? so come to -- so, we are seeing an increasing fossil fuels i seeing an increasing fossil fuels into emissions but when we see these huge spikes as we have seen in 2024, we see how we have called the carbon dioxide sinks, the ocean and the biosphere, the terrestrial vegetation, the forest of the world, are coming to be a little less efficient in taking carbon dioxide in and it is really a response to

very high temperatures that we are seeing. 50 very high temperatures that we are seein. _ ., very high temperatures that we are seeint. ., .., very high temperatures that we are seeint. ., .. , very high temperatures that we are seeint. ., , ., ., seeing. so what can be done about that? so, seeing. so what can be done about that? so. the _ seeing. so what can be done about that? so, the oceans _ seeing. so what can be done about that? so, the oceans are _ seeing. so what can be done about i that? so, the oceans are responding to tlobal that? so, the oceans are responding to global temperatures _ that? so, the oceans are responding to global temperatures so _ that? so, the oceans are responding to global temperatures so the - to global temperatures so the anything we can do is stabilise the climate at the paris agreement is trying to do and reduce fossil fuel emissions and emissions from deforestation is fast and aggressively as possible. so how worried as _ aggressively as possible. so how worried as individuals _ aggressively as possible. so how worried as individuals should - aggressively as possible. so how worried as individuals should we | aggressively as possible. so how. worried as individuals should we be about it? often in everyday life, we don't necessarily take on board exactly what is going on globally. i think the biggest thing we are learning in the past few years is even the temperatures that we have at 1.5 degrees, which is still well below what the paris agreement is trying to agree on the well below to bully —— to degree stabilisation to

global temperature, we see the extreme climatic events and their impact on the economy, to resources that we use in our economies, and to the life of people and of course other life forms are much bigger than what