hamas previously said the boys died in israeli air strikes. the vast leaders to fight, the final stretch to ' " tother ' voters go to the polls on sunday, germany in sunday, more from germany in the next hour. and a new for amputees treatment for amputees that could help tens and thousands of ukrainians years of ukrainians after three years war who have limbs. of war who have lost limbs. 46 years old, the oldest horse in the world, a special report.

in the number of both— soldiers and civilians — of the war. now, a new treatment could help amputees. a study conducted by us and ukrainian doctors — around nerves — known as hydrodissection — could reduce post—amputation pain — and opioid dependence. and pain medicine at northwestern university, doctor stephen

what this technique doctor stephen what this techni . ue ~ ., is amputated the nerves disor-anised disorganised tangle at occur, disorganised tangle at the end, that disorganised clump of nerves an clump of nerves is called an aroma that can result in pain. fire the disorganised nerves fire causing in spontaneously causing pain in the or residual limb the stump or residual limb pain in the pain, pain in the amputated limb or phantom limb pain. this injects fluid, dexterous, t-—* sailing, local anaesthetic, steroid around nerves to steroid around the nerves to relieve the entrapment or

of nerves, compression of those nerves, also to those injured it can :—= -7: :—= z you would have seen in the past, at the on scale numbers, nothing on the scale we are talking about in ukraine? it we are talking about in ukraine?— we are talking about in ukraine? , ., ~' ukraine? it is nothing i think we probably _ ukraine? it is nothing i think we probably l all— ukraine? it is nothing i think we probably l all of - we probably in all of operations iraq and afghanistan, somewhere around 1750 �* limb amputees, 1750 major limb amputees, i think numbers are a little think the numbers are a little bit different between nato and

the ukrainian ministry of health but they certainly have health but they certain - . ~ health but they certain -, ~ oleksii �*, , health but they certain i oleksii thank health but they certainly have 0leksii il thank you in 0leksii gushchyn, thank you for us on bbc news. i forjoining us on bbc news. i know you were working in a very different career before you know you were working in a very differe up areer before you know you were working in a very differe up to fer before you know you were working in a very differe up to join wefore you know you were working in a very differe up to join the 'e you know you were working in a very differe up to join the ukrainian signed up to join the ukrainian army, working on a cruise ship, came home to ukraine and they war started a short time after he signed up us us to you. tell us what happened to you. as you said i have been working cruise ship - actually on a cruise ship and actually came back from my last the 23rd of one = -52 = -: the war started. day before the war started. and up day before the war started. and up for the just !eiansd ea fer the arming“ "' after. and was my shortly after. and wasdoing rny protecting my country, 22-2: 522—7: -::_.7z

doing my duty. and got injured last year on march 16. and doing my duty. and got in'ured last year on march fih was in correct. you were hit with a drone, i think. a problem with the connection. doctor cohen, i that ou and the we haven't got the other doctor we haven't got the connection with at moment, met at a conference, tell 5 about the conversation, that us about the conversation, that meeting, how

that led you working with ukrainian thatled you working with ukrainian �*veterans. was that led you working with ukrainian chronic|s. was that led you working with ukrainian chronic pain, as talking about chronic pain, after specifically pain after amputation leading to meetings 7 meetings members virtual meetings witbmembers the virtual meetings witbrmembers the department of defence. i of the department of defence. i made the decision to go over there. to help treat patients made the decision to go over thei to to help treat patients made the decision to go over thei to organise reat patients made the decision to go over thei to organise whatiatients made the decision to go over thei to organise what i tients made the decision to go over thei to organise what i think and to organise what i think was the medical was the largest medical conference in the country since senferense in the seuntry maduuuwu war senferense in the seuntry singe—— ,, . . war began, senterenee in the seuntry eihea ,, . . war began, during the the war began, during the conference we virtual conference we had virtual speakers, speakers speakers, renowned speakers from all over the world. i do a lot of clinical research, have focused on past in research

focused on the past in researdl , ,, pain after a major trauma. :-= after the many andafter the conferencecmany from all over ukraine doctors from all over ukraine me, we are contacted me, we are doing this, would like to know if it :——n i] with people from works. i met with people from the of defence. they able to allocate were able to allocate some funds so that we would be able were able to allocate some fu conduct at we would be able were able to allocate some fu conduct research uld be able were able to allocate some fu conduct research ini be able were able to allocate some fu conduct research in the able were able to allocate some fu conduct research in the form to conduct research in the form of randomised trials the of randomised trials in the country. sorry to interrupt, i know in some _ country. sorry to interrupt, i know in some of _ country. sorry to interrupt, i know in some of the - country. sorry to interrupt, i. know in some of the - you know in some of the trials you have been looking at how patients amputees patients respond, amputees respond a combination of respond to a combination of opioids and this oglogdsgand this thera by. on oglogdsgand this theraoy. on this therapy alone, patients on this therapy alone, tell us what the results look

0n hydrodissection. they had in phantom limb pain and direct limb pain people a we: ee'?" — ———— — people who just received as opposed to eaieide ae'eaaeeed'te'" it hydrodissection. it was greater people who had amputations in people aha had amputations less three in people who had amputations less three than for less than three months than for less than three months than for those who had amputations, phantom limb pain or residual for than if: '— “ able three months. we were also able to show greater _ in - use and in anxiety opioid use and in anxiety and depression the group that depression in the group that got hydrodissection. that is hu . el got hydrodissection. that is hugely important, - got hydrodissection. that is hugely important, reducing| got hydrodissection. that is . hugely important, reducing the dependence on it is dependence on opioids? it is _ important - dependence on opioids? it is _ important because pain afteran

7 opioid use and and opioid use and being depressed, or depressed, anxious or having ptsd, all of them are associated with chronic pain does not go away. the —77 e -e ofépain. chronic persistence of pain. chronic is also associated with mortality rate even some to recover. so after mm; te reeeeer; ale studies have after mm; te reeeeer; 5st studies have shown peoplé ,et. are :e . 77 people with pain that people with chronic pain may die earlier, and this z— 7 for post—amputation the same for post—amputation pain. life expectancy is shorter. hoping that decreasing pain after amputation with this treatment opioid use improving and opioid use and improving theses. m . measures will long—term outcomes, improve long—term outcomes, even life expectancy. you, doctor 5 you, doctor steven j you, doctor steven cohen. m’j'ug’t'seéinth' ' rjust'seeinigi 7 (n?

just seeing �*we can if 7 ijrust'seeinigi 7 we can talk the again, to the again, the ukrainian can you hearus? veteran. can you hear us? hopefully we can hear you. yes. 7 when we when we were before you were just speaking before you were just about tell us about the abeut te tell us abeutrthe—r ~ . , ~ which left you like incident which left you like amputated, you were in needing amputated, you were in the separation hit by a the separation when hit by a russian drone?— russian drone? yes, due to tunic syndrome _ russian drone? yes, due to tunic syndrome i _ russian drone? yes, due to tunic syndrome i got - russian drone? yes, due to tunic syndrome i got an - tunic syndrome i got an amputation, my leg amputated. you colleagues had to ou amputated. you colleagues had to - you for _ kilometres from zaporizhzhia to

an evacuation i get an evacuation point. i like to know about get an evacuation point. i would like to know would like to know about your plans now, i know you have a get an evacuation point. i would like �* i know you have a n'e'" "a l k" a bee e f ' f f ww son, he a's-aa aa ! kaa a bee e w , w w ww son, he means three—year—old son, he means the world to you and you want means three—year—old son, he means the world to you and you want to basically drive for his to basically drive for his sake. w , , sake. w , , to basically drive for his sake. , , .,, to basically drive for his to basically drive for his sake. , ,~ , sake. , , , sake. exactly, my son was my sake. exactly, my son was my bi est bi est sake. exactly, my son was my biggest motivation _ sake. exactly, my son was my biggest motivation and - sake. exactly, my son was my biggest motivation and the . sake. exactly, my son was my biggest motivation _ sake. exactly, my son was my biggest motivation and - sake. exactly, my son was my biggest motivation and the . biggest motivation and the reason why i kept working and : fiewhy f "itwhyzl . . : ifwhyl kept 7 ”itwhyzl kept working and biggest motivation and the reason and i kept working and and overcoming 7 the biggest motivation and the reason and overcoming ng and biggest motivation and the reason and overcoming alland biggest motivation and the reason and overcoming all the driving and overcoming all the driving and overcoming all the and all the troubles obstacles and all the troubles obstacles and all the troubles with my injury actually with my injury was actually with my injury was actually kept me going. i have huge what kept me going. i have huge what kept me going. i have huge plans now for my life. i have plans now for my life. i have different options �*what to do different options of what to do different options of what to do after the war, after the army after the war, after the army at the moment i am still but at the moment but at the moment i am still kind of �* processes so i'm after the war, after the army but�* of he moment after the war, after the army but�* of inner>ment after the war, after the army but�* of inner processes so i'm kind of inner processes so i'm not sure what i'm going to kind of inner processes so i'm not sure what i'm going to 840 00:11:51, =ez = _e: but i have huge but i have huggplans :-—e: basically back 2 basically back tof basically back tovmy

and basically back. to my —, and basically back. to my . . yes, it is kind