a small botanical garden in brest in pinsk uh, if the botanical garden uh, interesting, well, it's not even a botanical garden. an arboretum is called a lot of arboretums on the territory of belarus that were formed under the forestry enterprises. uh, the old one can say the botanical garden of the mountain, the gorki academy, where a lot of plants, woody plants, shrubs are still uh, from past years from the last century, and they are in very good hands. it is even recommended to visit the mountains of the gorki academy and look at their landscaping, as they arrange. how they also treat their work with love, and such botanical gardens, as in the city of minsk, it is then called the central botanical garden, it is the only and unique and one of the largest in the territory of the post-soviet space, living in its region, before traveling somewhere foreign countries to visit. then i think you need to study your

history, and so hmm for your years. i have traveled to all regions of our republic. and, of course, it was very pleasant and curious to visit e places that are associated with deep history from the middle ages, because it is not for nothing that belarus is called a country of castles. uh, a lot of castles have been restored. e, and. although some are skeptical about what they consider a remake, but i believe that it would be better to put on than like some. oh castles. they are simply in complete disrepair and only the foundations remain, and in his childhood in the city of the elite passing, that is, filling the gap between the train and the bus, to go to his grandmother. we always had time to run to the ruins of the lida castle during this pause. this is one of the oldest. well, as on the territory of

belarus, and at the moment, he was slowly recovering to restored. i believe that, too, for posterity. it will be very interesting, and it will be in terms of such an upbringing of the historical spirit of youth. this is very good. recipes of the ancient belarusian culture obtained from the hostesses from the belarusian hinterlands, let me put oh, combined with the imagination and innovation of a professional chef. the ingredients are practically the same, so the technology will be a bit without me, and we will make it very desirable,

so that today we have them, well, just super tender can amaze even the most fastidious gourmet. raise, watch the culinary historical project belarusian cuisine on our tv channel. professionals in their field from all over belarus, yes, but they went. here we all go to bed. this shelving is all the materials for preparing for the republican olympiad. and we are ready to take any object from scratch. and in general, before its delivery, their work is an art. if at least one object has preserved a photograph of even some part of the interior, then the interior

considered restoration, if there is no photograph or description, then this is just a restoration of more than 90% certainty. we can say that somewhere in the middle of er, the nineteenth century this hall looked exactly like this is a very painstaking work. it's every uh, centimeter, every millimeter. here is picking with a scalpel, especially when it comes to the education and upbringing of children. and i didn’t understand anything that i’ll put a deuce for this. only you can never teach with him, if the child indulges, it's normal cognizes the world, it is difficult for you to do something. and you want to create a reminder of yourself for sure. if i give up, it won't get any easier, climb and overcome difficulties, watch project one day on belarus 24 tv channel. this

book is called rare annual plants. but this is not just a description of the plants of the arch, which, here they are, seem to be, as well as rare. yes , i got curious at some point. what kind of plants were used historically on the territory of belarus not only the city flower garden, well, rural flower gardens, i made such a literary review dating back to the 18th century. as far as it was possible xix century the twentieth century, of course, i wanted to reflect my personal

experience and make a literary review. such interesting historical moments, but because when we talk about some historical characteristics of some object. uh, some material is always a very curious excursion into history. and it is especially interesting, of course, what concerns flowers from trees, of course, it is simpler, because trees, some are preserved, we know age-old, which are centuries of millennia. it may even grow some tree species oaks on the territory of belarus, there are a lot of spanish left in my weaving, and with flowers it is much more difficult, because even if it is a perennial plant, it still shrinks itself and once it is reborn it changes. it is a chance that the microclimate is changing, these plants are changing, that is, botanical science and we, as the botanical garden and floriculture on the territory of belarus, have been laid down for a long time and it has developed, of course, historically, since belarus has always

was at the intersection of e, geographi. all this, of course, left its mark on the paths of historical events. uh, thanks to the numerous castles and palaces that numerous are now preserved on the territory of belarus, various plants were attracted there, but because many of the owners they were enthusiasts of such a botanical business to introduce. and again, many even here in the horse park you can see introducers that once attracted with the first owners of this estate, therefore, in the future, from these estates, a garden plants scattered thanks to the serfs , workers somehow they scattered to private selections, and then, when the post-war years, and the population from villages and small towns. due to various historical facts of the

city, large minsk regional centers rapidly began to move, then, naturally, people in the yard, school yards , and kindergartens attracted a lot of such lovely plants that are currently forgotten. and this is all my work. she poured herself into such work. how rare is this book? annual plants. it so happened that some people have floriculture or passion for their garden. it's like an additional such a nice bonus in life. like a hobby, and for me it just so happened that this profession of mine is my hobby, and it doesn't interfere with me. and i will not say to myself that i am a shoemaker without boots a lot of what i have, if a favorite plant. well, probably there are some favorites , but in general i can’t say that this plant is. i dont like. and this is my favorite. sometimes i even like this e,

a flower by which someone can pass by if you invest in them, uh, soul. and , of course, knowledge. if you invest flowers, then you understand that this is all mutual. and secondly, uh, well, this is what surrounds us, this is the world around us, when you understand something, you feel it, it's nice to realize that somehow it's all mutual

probably everyone remembers the advertisement of healthy sunflower oil, and useful, because it was in advertising without cholesterol. and here drug addiction was by no means interested in the fact that the substances of this be in vegetable fat, in principle, can not, but the marketing ploy they say is cholesterol. no, it means that the product is useful, but is it really so, is it worth it to be so afraid of this substance and is it really, as nutritionists thought, at the end of the twentieth century the worst enemy of health, let's try to figure it out in the next half hour.

my name is ekaterina beretskaya. hello, and look at the program. hard bile, what does cholesterol look like? what hormones the body is at risk of losing without cholesterol and we will figure it out together with experts in terms of good and bad, of course related cholesterol is translated from greek as hard bile. without it, synthesis is impossible. the human hormones testosterone, estrogen and cortisol, how the opinion of scientists about this substance was formed, we will tell right now. the french scientist fourcurua at the end of the 18th century began to study the composition of gallstones, so the word cholesterol consists of greek holle, that is, bile and stereos solid from the moment the substance was discovered until the 1960s, there was virtually no information in evidence-based medicine about fat metabolism and

scientifically based system for the prevention of atherosclerosis that is why, by the seventieth year of the xix century, developed countries were literally on the verge of an atherosclerosis pandemic, for example, in the ussr and the usa, more than a million people died every year because of this disease , this situation changed after large-scale studies in the field of human lipid metabolism after receiving reliable data on cholesterol, physicians began to introduce new information about the violation of fat metabolism into the practice of preventive and curative medicine. the results don't wait forced by the end of the 1980s in north america, the death rate from coronary disease decreased by 50%, and myocardial infarctions decreased by a third. this is the most striking example of success in the fight against noncommunicable diseases in history. cholesterol happens, bad and good, and it also turns out to be of different density, first things first. let's ask our guest andrey maryanovich. hello.

andrei maryanovich pristrom cardiologist professor doctor of medical sciences head of the department of cardiology and rheumatology of the belarusian medical academy postgraduate education member of the belarusian national society of cardiology member of the european society of cardiology author of eight patents for an invention in belarus author of more than 350 publications. let's start with, in general, what cholesterol is for. its main function in our body is to build all our cells, that is, it is very important, plus a huge amount of hormones. it also has its own formation basis. therefore, our body must so that we synthesize produce most of the stream and only a small part, but in order, there 20% acting with food, cholesterol

is bad and good. let's deal with the bad and, most importantly, with the density of cholesterol cholesterol, it is the same, and the density is those transport systems that deliver it either for processing for destruction, or vice versa, synthesized and which diverges throughout the body, therefore the density is called high and low lipoproteins density. therefore, the cholesterol that moves in the cell. it is called bad or low density cholesterol, which moves to the utilization of it is called high-density cholesterol, because it rides on these, or on proteins. if we e increase the level of cholesterol of the same here. eh, bad. what this can threaten, as a rule, is high levels of bad cholesterol or its low density sellers. it is very clearly associated with the risk of development. a lot of heart vascular problems. how

is the mechanism itself? how it works here the worst cholesterol is in the vascular bed, it moves and damage to the vascular walls occurs for certain reasons, and er, there, again, the so-called atherosclerotic plaque begins to form with very complex mechanisms. where, in general , this component rushes, and then there is the growth of an industry-specific plaque, which will gradually, increasing, block the lumen of the vessels. and it's in. in general, the pathology that is called atherosclerosis and atherosclerosis is today, again, this is the basis for the development of many coronary ischemic diseases, coronary heart disease. there is a disease of the brain of diseases, there is an artery lower limbs and so on, but a person certainly cannot feel for sure that he has plaques there and they feel very good . these are some kind of examinations . ultrasound

technique is developing very actively today, for example, the most, probably. a simple and affordable technique for ultrasound examination of brachiocephalic arteries is the arteries that are on ours and the first changes that begin to form there are clearly visible. the fact is that atherosclerosis, as a rule, is systemic in nature, therefore, if somewhere in one area we find arteries with a very high probability. well, maybe more, maybe less, but they will be in other vessels, therefore, seeing, let's say, manifestations in one area at the same level, we can talk in general about the development of a systemic process, that is, systemic atherosclerosis, therefore, of course, ultrasound. e is of great importance for diagnosis today, and already, for those people who have significant risk factors, it makes sense to conduct such studies. they are available in our country carried out in large numbers. that is, this is not a problem, but it is still

better to prevent the disease. this is the surest way. let's see how bad, that same cholesterol can be lowered, we're watching the plot. as for the norms, low-density lipoproteins, if we are talking about an ordinary healthy person who has not yet been ill with anything in his life, then this is up to 3 mmol per liter. and further, uh, the risk certainly increases the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases - this is up to 3.5 is considered increased to 400 and over four and higher. these are, uh, excessively high, that is, the risk of cardiovascular diseases is very high for such people, when we are talking about people already suffering from some kind of pathology, who are definitely normal uh, or proteins, their low density should be less, as the disease is already eat it must be treated and the numbers that healthy people have. they are already for

them. in general, they don't count much. this is the situation in terms of numbers, or for proteins of very low density, the norm is somewhere from 0.26 to 1.4. or is it possible, yes, something like this fork bad cholesterol, as it comes to us in general, er, in fact, two main ways. the first is from the outside with food, and the second is produced directly in the liver cells. from the outside it is food in the first place. these are fatty meats. such as pork, such as uh, duck, lamb and other fatty ones, namely fatty ones, we are talking about animal fat, and then dairy products, again, fatty dairy products. uh, there are more than two and a half percent and higher, but in order to, in turn, as a method of lowering, respectively nutritional correction a person should eat more greens, which for

some reason we don’t have so much in our diet instead of animal fat, use vegetable, that is, sunflower oil. well, in general, two apples a day are considered - this is a way of prevention. and development is

we all heard about 10,000 steps. this is also very good. we can give her more. if health allows the body, well, physical activity is the most optimal simple option - this, of course, is brisk walking. if health, again, is physical form, appropriate, you can go to the gym to do some kind of sports and so on. nobody forbids this, please. here, but do not forget passively it is necessary in life, of course, everything is in depth. this is not a drug , and then there are already drugs . today we reveal the whole truth about

cholesterol and do not miss further diet, sports and alcohol. how to increase good cholesterol under a microscope, and we will tell the latest research of our scientists on the topic in the story and why, when it comes to cholesterol, one laboratory analysis is not enough in the program in a few minutes. and the fate of famous belarusians, who is a boy, we must accept in any case, because this phenomenal memory is musical. uh, a sense of rhythm and i was accepted into conducting the department. therefore, i always knew that i would be a singer; i always had no idea where i could still express myself and find myself. here is the meaning of life, only eternal meanings are laid on the stage. this is a 3 minute story to tell. they told me, go out for a walk, but the weather is like

this, but i decided to be in some kind of world. eh, at that moment i did . this is how much you can express it to convey to the listener this emotion that is embedded in the song. this is it. basically, creativity. you know how , uh, i teach young artists when they call me or come on stage on the way. i say you must go and in such a way that you like yourself, see the footage of life on our tv channel in the program. they found their happiness in belarus i was once asked how my wife and mother share the kitchen. i said that my wife does not share with mom's kitchen. she just gave it away and that's it. i am very happy that we are a son go in for sports, that he has great success and every day their love for blue-eyed becomes stronger in belarus there are a lot of places for foreigners, uh, which are worth seeing and most importantly, when compared, uh, with our neighbors here it is much cheaper than me. when they ask what i

bring from belarus to israel, i surprise everyone that i bring food and everything was amazing for me. well, people are very observant. uh, the moral movement. uh, if you come the road only on foot. uh, generally cold. only with a green light, some brother, you are so open, so comfortable as in belarus there is nowhere else, because it is from belarus. very comfortable for jewish religious pilgrims for those tourists who want to touch their roots, see the project look at belarus on our tv channel. still continues the theme of decline. yes, i can’t have cholesterol do not ask you about the

so-called statins, what kind of drugs they are and why some therapists? well, let's just say they are not very positive about them. well by at least a few years ago they were not very positively treated. by the way, this is one of the drug classes of drugs that will be used to lower cholesterol, how do they work? their mechanism is quite complicated, but in general it boils down to the fact that the formation of cholesterol is reduced, and naturally. its level will decrease slightly, and its decay. that is, here is the high level that is in the blood. it will naturally increase, that is, in this way we really achieve those values ​​that are considered safe, if we take, for example, a relatively healthy young person who does not have any serious risk factors and try to treat him. there, nothing happened with the same tripods, but they are likely. the development of some complications is about the same as the benefits. well, that is, we get a balance, but

if we are talking about people who have really serious risk factors, well , for example, significant risk factors include well, except for high cholesterol, let's say, there is high blood pressure diabetes obesity then to date. it is already undeniable that the use of cholesterol-lowering drugs will provide a huge benefit, a very important point. we must correctly apply drug therapy and not to everyone in a row, but only where it is necessary. this is very important, in principle, let's talk about cholesterol, good good. this is the one that, on the contrary, is taken from behind the being delivered to the liver. and there it breaks up, that is, accordingly, its level will decrease. but with good cholesterol. it didn't work out very well such a beautiful thing. that is, those studies that were conducted to increase this indicator, unfortunately. they did not give an improvement in outcomes, so today is the main question. is it necessary to use drug

therapy in order to increase good cholesterol and the answer today is no, yes, but as for other real methods that affect high-density cholesterol - this increase in physical activity will increase good cholesterol. this is the restriction of the consumption of fatty foods. and strange as it may seem these methods are not medical, they work better than drugs that artificially increase this indicator. i have one more question, preparing for the program. ah. i read that cholesterol can be that very good glass of dry wine, what do you say there is such a really observation that was carried out . they show that a limited amount. the amount of alcohol consumed can slightly increase this indicator, but you know,

alcohol is such a difficult thing, if we will consider, in general, everything together, and the possibility of the influence of alcohol on different parameters, it turns out that this small benefit, it is greatly leveled by other risks. today, perhaps the biggest risk that comes from alcohol consumption is the development of disorders. and there have been more of them in recent years. by the way, this is where the coronavirus heart also affected this case. therefore, yes. yes, she gives, uh, different options for arrhythmia, and unfortunately there is no alcohol here, it's better not to risk it on our side. to me it seems better after all sports and proper nutrition. there are definitely no risks here. now, if well, not pereus, that is, even in the same sport. but i know that our scientists from the academy of sciences are also studying cholesterol. let's watch the

report and be sure to return to the studio. in this laboratory of the institute of microbiology in belarus, scientists study enzymes. it would seem. what do enzymes have to do with cholesterol? in fact, the most direct one of these practically significant enzymes is cholestyrol oxidase, polystyrene the zone always catalyzes the oxidation of cholesterol and is used specifically for its detection in blood and other biological fluids. we are currently searching for highly active producers of this enzyme ; this enzyme is not produced in the republic of belarus. that's natural, so this is a necessary and very important work. scientists are looking for highly active producers, if in simple

words, organisms that create organic substances, so to speak, from scratch , fungi and various bacteria can become such producers, and scientists select producers with increased synthesis of enzymes. initially uh, bacteria or fungi they are selected. well, firstly, we have collections of non-pathogenic microorganisms in which we can take strains that can presumably synthesize this enzyme, then usually the producers of this enzyme can be found among bacteria and fungi growing on food waste of animal origin. where the gray is is what you are doing. uh, if you have uh, the orange is moldy. you throw it away, we bring it selector and select this fungus. uh, why because it's potentially a producer of enzymes? and it is

being investigated to study the properties, identify and test for pathogenicity. and if this stamp meets certain characteristics, scientists will place it in their collection of non-pathogenic, that is, not causing diseases of the body. the initial screening is underway and the selection is by the plate method, since here the cholesterol enzyme catalyzes the reaction of converting cholesterol into christians and hydrogen peroxide, hydrogen aperoxide, it interacts. maybe with some kind of indicators. and thanks to this, we add this indicator to the environment, the indicator gives us a color and we see that this stamp can synthesize this enzyme. this is the initial stage. and then there is a test of the ability to grow in a special culture. this is necessary for scientists to be able to.