and what, apparently, helped, pakchu and grow up and proof these photos of tatyana pokatashkina? well, is such cabbage a juicy petiole tasty, and in a leaf it is something in between cabbage spinach and sorrel. in general, a wild mixture of pak, which is called mustard or celery for cabbage, this vegetable is one of the most ancient cultures in china. and by the way, pakchu is used not only in cooking, this cabbage is also loved by landscape designers because it does not change its colors in autumn your plans to grow something new in the next season. and it's a great company. see you again. sand buddha we 'll be back. i'll get up early in the morning before the sun and go to water and dig. and i’ll say to nature, give me some rain, so that i can harvest a big harvest . i already dream about how next weekend i will go to the dacha with you and, of

course, mine, well, simply irreplaceable yuri obosov. we are for new stories, and you have good harvests. see you in a week. belovezhskaya pushcha is a protected forest, in the very center of europe, almost 10,000 species of animals and birds feel safe here and almost every year they bring offspring. it is difficult to

imagine such species richness and abundance anywhere else. when paradise conditions are created in the natural environment, sooner or later, inevitably, those who spoil them a little predators top of the food pyramid, the most intelligent animal on our continent, their brain one and a half times more than ungulates, they know how to sit in ambush and arrange raids , follow the trail and predict the trajectory of their victims. in the pushcha you can meet 12 different representatives of the predatory order, this and lynx and fox and ermines and alien raccoon dogs brought to belarus in 1936, but perhaps the greatest interest, both for researchers and ordinary visitors, are wolves. the wolf is an ordinary species of predatory mammals from

the canine family, has a wide range of voice that exceeds the capabilities of most animals, its charm allows you to detect prey at a distance of up to 3 km. in total , about 200 million shades of smell are distinguished for human comparison. able to distinguish only five million. wolves live in belovezhskaya pushcha time immemorial. there are many tales of legends and warning sayings in folklore. however, scientists say that despite the trail of notoriety, healthy individuals. they never attack people, but on the contrary, they test in front of a person. strong fear, only when ill with rabies, wolves begin to behave inappropriately, attacking everything that moves. in a healthy state, like other predators. they avoid meeting with technical people in every possible way. will not meet. just

let's say i've been here for about 40 years. works already seen only 3-4 times, what have you seen? and even among the transmitter, it seems that you are already approaching, you are already approaching, literally 50 m 30 m, it does not remain. she will hear everything. yes, even if you see it, it’s really difficult to see predators in belovezhskaya pushcha, but i don’t steal. the results of their stay are visible to the eye. the fact is that it was the animals of the hunters, primarily wolves, that made possible the amazing diversity of the reserved forest. it sounds incredible, but without carnivorous reserves, the number would most likely be reduced. berry trees, and rivers would begin to overflow their banks. the fact is that ungulates in a favorable environment multiply too quickly and in the absence of predators, cause serious damage, plants are there. and when you don’t have them, for example, these are factors from predators that limit their

behavior. they can safely choose the places where they want to eat. there as much time as they want, therefore, in those places that they like more. they have a very serious impact on how the forests are going, restoration. what types trees can still make their way up to grow taller than the muzzle line and grow up all the same. what kinds don't stand a chance? the favorite delicacy of deer is oak or maple shoots. because of such deer gourmandism, after 50 years maple oaks simply begin to disappear. another sign of a comfortable deer life is food on the shore of a reservoir. there you can immediately eat and drink, as a result, the plants die and are trampled, which leads to corrosion of the banks. if wolves live nearby, then deer do not linger near the water, thanks to this, plants survive from their root systems strengthen the soil. measurements were taken. how many small

such conditions of the presence of a predator or the absence of a predator are there, tilting their heads down, uh, eating undergrowth or eating something , and how much he looks around, looks around or eats with his head up, when he eats from below, he just pinches off completely, but when he eats high, he is already pinching off, the main trunk twigs are more likely to grow, of course, for undergrowth with such feeding, there are more opportunities to grow even more higher so already, so that the qur'an would be damaged. some countries that completely exterminated wolves in the middle of the 20th century then had to buy them in order to save nature from the invasion of rodents and ungulates. gray predators have always lived in belovezhskaya pushcha and now they enjoy increased attention of scientists . victor finchuk has been following their life for several years with the help of photo-video traps

. the camera reacts to heat, so it turns on every time it is a wolf is approaching her, well, or another living creature. satellite navigation is another technology that helps to better understand the life of animals. today, every sixth wolf in belovezhskaya pushcha wears a collar with a gps transmitter. the battery lasts for about a year, and all this time scientists can monitor the

movement of predators. and here are special devices that are stipulated by time. in this case, after 420 days, it will open the collar. and he brings down the lord the swindler. it will be possible to take and use again. well, even if we do not find it, then at least the wolf will not wear it around his neck until the end of his life. wolves, social animals, they unite in so-called families. each such group has its own territory, into which they do not allow outsiders, thanks to the collars, the scientist was able to find out the exact routes of movement of animals and the boundaries of their family plots. it is convenient to get to tie your territorial boundaries to some kind of land boundaries, too. therefore, we see from our tracking that many will have, for example, rivers, some kind of natural hedges, natural barriers or dividing lines. naturally, they are also for the wolves the boundaries that they choose. it is interesting that the state

border of the republic of belarus has also become the border for the wolf's possessions . other packs already live on the other side of the thorn and coming to strangers is strictly not welcome. however , the belarusian border guards still find violators, they have to draw up a map of the places where gray smugglers like to dig wire. belovezhskaya pushcha is inhabited by a huge number of ungulates, and thanks to this predators. they also feel full and calm here, new wolf cubs, lynx cubs and fox cubs are constantly born here, growing up. they go in search of a new place and leave the reserve. well, they enter somewhere, you can say, solid forests, such migration routes, such rzhavian springs, cannons do not allow joining, you can say, directly and further there. here is a birch rvtsevich. here is their path and the second path there to the

north. there are bridges all this aside, grodno . thus, the national park has become a kind of reservoir that supplies new predators, the entire north-west of belarus once fanged inhabitants, there were more in pushcha, but by the end of the 19th century. the brown bear and the forest cat disappeared in the forest, however, the latter left some trace of themselves in their time. wild cats, not only hunted birds of the zaytsev, but also went to the surrounding villages to the local murks. in memory of these visits to the local catch, you can still see spotted-striped hybrid descendants of an extinct species, locals call them foresters. bears in belovezhskaya pushcha brought from other reserves and live in a special double cage. although back in the 19th century the number of clubfoot was measured here in dozens. they felt like the real owners of the protected forest, not embarrassed

to attack even the gigantic bison. the grand-ducal royal and imperial hunting in russia edition of 1902 in 1844 in belovezhskaya pushcha a bear of enormous size and strength was killed, which ate an old huge tooth. the space where the fights of these animals took place. according to eyewitnesses, a bison, dragged a bear on himself. in order to protect the bison in the reserved forest, the bear was declared an undesirable animal and was almost completely exterminated, however, in the 20th century, its population in bialowieza. there were two attempts to revive pushcha in 1938. the polish authorities released into the wild, several offspring of the ursa lola pet and

the warsaw zoo 5 years old. later, the germans left more than four bears acquired from the gypsies. both of them behaved aggressively towards people and were completely exterminated. in 2011 scientists they again began to discuss the possibility of returning medvedev to the protected forest of belarus the academy of sciences assessed the possibilities of bear reproduction in belovezhskaya pushcha and showed what is needed for this. in fact, it is not easy to bring it to form several such groups, but to form such to since the populations are isolated. however, today the resumption of the bear population is still unlikely in pushcha, local residents are unlikely to be happy with such a neighborhood, yes, and mishka himself in the forest it would seem

hard. the fact is that bears are known gourmets and important parts of their diet are berries, which in the forest just a little in the old days of their predilection clubfoot easily satisfied, ruining the hive. there were more than 7,000 trees in the forest, on which bees were bred and the bear was called bortnik. now, the spark of centuries-old oaks no longer reaches the measured hum of wild bees and apiaries have come to replace wolverines do not tear hares, and bison have forgotten the heaviness of bear paws. but the lynx and wolves still silently sneak they also unmistakably detect the smell of a deer and rush forward so that the natural cycle of nature continues its movement, so that the wheel in life makes one more turn in belovezhskaya pushcha the last fragments of the relict forest of

europe once at a concert i heard such an announcement, only belarusian music at first

somehow smiled, and then i thought, that's right. and the fact that the music of igor luchinka and the fact that belorusskaya pulka has become a folk song, however, like most of his songs. why did n't we know what it was? about this film did not know or forgot himself the hero of our film in the film archive found a film of 1982, young. igor luchinok, his mother, father mikhail lukich, but our joy faded very quickly. we had a box with an image, that is, a film, on which there was an image, not my image. here it is and the same box with a

magnetic 35 mm film. the fact is that it was already impossible to watch them together, it was possible on some kind of projector , even a film projector. look at the image, but it is no longer possible to reproduce magnetic wide film it was not possible to have such equipment with the advent of sound films, and until the eighties, the image was filmed separately sound as a separate film, then mounted, as they said on two films. after editing, everything was reduced to one film, but in our case, the materials remained on two films, there are many semi-finished products of such films in the film archive, and here is a projector for showing a film from two films. today it simply does not exist, but i so wanted to revive the image so that whose parents had long not in the world. they started talking about turning on some non-

existent time machine and using the magic of cinema to return to the past, they managed to find it at the film studio. belarus movie. one surviving tape recorder for playing wide magnetic tape. we combined images with sound and a miracle happened, our heroes, who were filmed almost 40 years ago, lived these shots sounded. we will now see for the first time the magic of the movie the time machine. well, in general, you are all an artist dove. therefore, in general, you were a professor for me. brilliant poetry in russian is heritage a by

belarusian sleep and in ukrainian save so this is a slavic word. this work, by yanka kupala, was written 100 years ago and the cry of voronin's masses at my cemetery and most importantly, then feel sorry for her and the family thinks and demolish dreams, low-lying advice to sleep on my genius. side by side, igor , your song is born here in this room at the piano or whatever god gave me a melody from mom and dad. it's their fault that this is the

melody. and when there is already, uh, a melody, then the song appears you are in montan, the friend of the senator of new york solovyov sedoy sang his paris leningrad you sack, naevsky moscow igor your place marina gorka, each person has the place that is most dear to me is marina gorka miracle krinitsa let it be at home on my way. i was in maryina gorka in the summer in one day. i wrote four songs, the parental home, footage of the 1982 family reunion was filmed. here today at my parents' house. igor's war museum father was mobilized to work on an ambulance train from three-year-old igor and his mother, the food

managed to leave minsk and moved east. and they sat down in the city of salsk, where he went to first class schools remember even there, my countrymen in salsk , by the decision of their local duma there, made me an honorary citizen of the city. salska is in the rostov region. the earth is very interesting. there they sing songs well around the house , walks around the house, walks, walks for a long time. the cossack is young and i remembered that you had a rumor, we began to study music. i bought some harmonium you touched the octave. yes, and then my mother bought a violin at the market, brought it to me and we began to learn to play with you. so we studied, studied teachers, there was no music school anywhere, there was nothing. we so

did not use the artisanal method. and then i got a little bit of knowledge elementary i went to take you a musical herring young igor luchinok a virtuoso cymbalist from these shots in 1953 and to this day a film chronicle of the composer's life is being conducted wants to be a composer. i don't think he 'll be a composer, you know. and that i wanted to play a little. suddenly, mikhail

lukich found out that someone was selling trophy pianos. gotta rush right now and buy it for the son until they were intercepted. well, you might think that all the difficult post-war years. all in maryana. gorki chased the piano and queued up behind it. here it is, the very trophy piano in the house of the splinter museum, good. but 700 rubles. trophy lived in it. and i don't have enough money. i think i will get a salary and buy it, then i was very glad that i had a piano. i started working on it. mom, my teacher was a belarusian state university before the war. she loved the strauss boy, so she will convey it from a waltz. i still remember the rolls here, please. and i already entered the conservatory, and for the

first time i heard yours. song reindeer he was born in the spring, how much joy did i have? joy, because the son of a student komsomolets wrote a song about lenin sincerely. although it may be, igor realized that the chanting of the leaders was the only pass to soviet art and there was simply no example of the great creators on their paths. shostakovich , march with the refrain of the gunners, stalin gave the order and was also encouraged these two composers will still have biographies of igor conservatory

piano dulcimer. accordion, composer department, teacher of the course, who brought up a whole galaxy of belarusian composers anatoly vasilievich bogatyrev igor in minsk is closely. he is eager for an internship at the leningrad conservatory. there, the work of a young belarusian struck dmitri shostakovich with a splinter from a teacher’s career and you sent it as a composer, but how can tikhon himself not succeed in a songwriter khrennikov's youth you never knew peace and went komsomolskaya marshak you never knew and would have been, but i was the sixties, the

time of romance of hope, and here are the unique shots of 1968, the first rock music festival in the ussr, where the chairman of the jury was held in minsk conductor boris raisky among members of the komsomol jury. leader of the minsk years. vyacheslav radunsky jazzman evgeny grishman and composer igor luchinov, who was then still called the young festival of youth and students in berlin in the harbor. in moscow, everywhere among the delegates. started from komsomol badge. i just remember that in the old days there was even a competition and komsomol youth was sung by dozens or hundreds of people. over the earth, the king scatters gilding and, like my restless ice, the sun. i am ahead of me

an unfinished sea of ​​work. good devils of ours , you’ll tell me the same, you tell me the truth in igor’s personal life , alexander’s lions became the very zauchinochka as i studied then at a sharp music school, i was already a student on the radio. i heard the songs of igor luchinka, because i have a story and then hmm, in the summer i went to rest in maryina gorka. when we arrived, we immediately went to the library and began to choose for ourselves. eh, books. i saw a young man who was also choosing

a book for himself, and he became so interested. e that we are also something else there, my friend galya immediately attracted his attention because she was. eh, choir conductor, and studied. e, at the conservatory and tells me that this is igor luchinok and that's how we met all these days of rest, which we rested there. this is how we spent it all together. we rode on boat. we sunbathed went to dances, read poetry and listened to igor's songs. and without you, i'm a rap karag, a mustache of the earth. from sleep dragon and song listening to yu five sherry quietly at times his birthday was just in august. we noted there.

and so we met, and then we corresponded like that. well, after graduating from a music school. igor came to me. and so they didn’t get married, but alexander was assigned a teacher at a music school in pinsk, and her husband remained in minsk to work at a pedagogical institute with a salary of 90 rubles. as he was a novice engineer, igor ran into alexandra 's daughter svetlana was born every 3-4 weeks, but these dotted meetings did not strengthen the family. alexander had the only opportunity to move to her husband in minsk to change jobs in 1970. she became a teacher at music school number 10, where she works to this day. here in minsk the son andrey was born, the wife's family, the daughter, the son, the grandchildren, everyone is in a lot of pain.

th, a song heart caress our senior back bowl and these verses were written by engineer mikhail goldman. on the eve of the twentieth anniversary of the great victory over fascism, according to the engineer, therefore, intuitively, it may simply be despair that he brought his poems to a young composer who was not yet famous. mikhail voronovich, a war veteran who fought near stalingrad in 1956, graduated from the energy fact of the minsk polytechnic institute. at the polytechnic. he was famous for his songs on student themes. and then there was the veteran. wrote the memory of the

heart. signed with a pseudonym clear, the composer of the splinter set the poems to music. bird only in the evening wounds and memory of the heart. speak in 1966, an unprecedented competition was held in moscow, not only performers, but in parallel, a competition for the best song, preferably patriotic, and the songs must be new, completely unknown, the winner of this all-union competition