at the place it's time to go to the museum, which already exists in the city of local history historian. we are on pionerskaya street in the past tatar to whom the building previously belonged. an open question, some believe that it was a residential building, the owner of a glass factory. isaac merlis, others are sure that the building previously belonged to zarechno tolochinskoye in an underground bank, and in both cases the building does not cease to be a unique architectural monument of the late 19th century in the intimate buttons of soldiers of the french and russian army gun fragments of the core buckshot bullets. it seems to me that our film crew discovered traces of a great campaign of a great army, and this region is famous not only for military operations. the main fund of the museum

has more than 10,000 exhibits on display. several halls of ethnography historical exhibition halls of nature of ancient history in the last nakhodka from tools of labor replica arrowheads knives locks of keys elements of decoration of that time in burial mounds, burial grounds, archaeologists discovered women's jewelry brought from egypt and byzantium such dazzling beauty could only women from the noble classes can afford it perfectly, knowing the value of themselves and the expense of money. this is confirmation that the waterway from the varangians to the greeks passed nearby, and here is an explanation of another version of the origin of the city's name. tolcheya in the translation of the boyka trading settlement , historical data confirms indeed the 17th century. several fairs are held here every year. pounded, like any

city slaven, first of all, with its people, people 's artist of the ussr, hero of belarus mikhail savitsky, this earth was born here gave the world such famous poets and writers as vera verbaya mihai sizoretsky or from petrashkevich and the great pesnyary of the belarusian people yakub kolos also worked on the ceiling for some time. between the russian and french empires completely ruined the thickness and destroyed the architectural structures, of course, the ancient church was no exception, but a year later, the owners of the city, the slavic landowners, allocated for

the construction of a new stone shrine of 100,000 bricks, and the tsarist government donated 2,000 rubles. silver. unfortunately , financial assistance turned out to be insufficient ; work was suspended for a long time in 1848. a committee was created to raise the necessary funds , and after 5 years, construction was completed until the 1930s. the temple was the parish costume after the great patriotic war. the building housed a weaving workshop, a furniture store, a weight workshop, a granary. later it was partially repaired, and in 1993 the church returned to believers. the temple was named after the preacher and one of the most famous franciscans, st. anthony of padua, who is considered a miracle worker of the highest degree of perfection in italians. there is even a playful saying too much mercy. saint anthony is said to be so when they get more

than they want to such an extent that this big backfires. in the city , brick buildings of the late 19th and early 20th centuries are also well preserved. most of them are also slavic heritage, who owned the city of perry by revolution, right now we are on our way to a place that also belonged to famous landowners, and here is our main landmark, the fire department and, as far as i know, the fire department in the city has always been at a height on the central square, there was once a tower with a signal bell, and in the city at that time there were two squads state and voluntary but speech now will go not to firefighters. we are on the territory of a monument of landscape architecture of the 19th century. this is all

that remains of the picturesque suburban park of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. why such a name? and because the place is belonged to jozef slavinsky. and by the way, the park was located not far from the family estate and served as an excellent protection from the wind. the landscape park was founded in 1890 with no exotics, only local species of trees, or pine, spruce, poplar birch near the entrance. symbolic kurganov 10 natives of the region awarded the title of hero of the soviet union from 12 people heroes of socialist labor. in general, over the

course of many centuries, people became very living, who completely devoted themselves to their favorite work, sparing no effort and time as jewelers. seamstresses blacksmiths-bone cutters, even the people's poet of the bssr pimen panchenko dedicated the city to its inhabitants. kiss, blew off the jeans of the good ones, do it, jan from the jeans of the adharalka sow mishal, the ice lives behind the left of the clothes of the little ones. i am you again and the droops to the branches are forever swaying, but in love. they probably do their job first. after all, it is not for nothing that tolochen is called a city truzhenikov web sergeevna hello, i found you walking around the workflow, as i understand it, this is the material for your future

creations. yes, these are high-quality eyes, it is called an american. we prepare in advance the material for our work. well, yes, in the fall in the spring we harvest. that's the only way to cook it, and she says, go ahead. uh-huh, practically. yes, but look how tender, yet strong, she is very fragile. it's not even that neat. if i tied it, then i need to be careful somewhere, because if you bend it already he will no longer be lyubov sergeevna alone for several decades. i learned how to grow a vine, process and store it, and also make amazing things from natural materials that leave no one indifferent. you waste-free production. uh-huh yes, we are debugging the bark, as it is time, then it will be needed. we also soak and do everything we need, that is, some

decorative elements. it turns out, then we dried the manhole, we definitely sort it, because when you need to make some kind of product, so that it is already sorted. it was our ancestors who mastered the skills of weaving from a vine. even before they learned to hunt and fish. this old craft predates pottery and quality by some time. she was a little forgotten for weaving, but thanks to such masters as any sergeevna, this unique business has gained a second wind and is in fashion today, natural materials and handmade things. finding from the vine is experiencing a new coloring. and this is where i do not understand, right? see where carefully, where not. then you see the work it seems to the master that she can create almost everything because of this capricious material. but in fact, the secret of success is simple

experience, passed down from generation to generation, the desire to work and strong enthusiasm. a decade of the century flies by, the inhabitants of the city every year only prove the status of the workers. personally, after meeting the steeled, i don’t have a single question about the origin of the name of this place. come discover your ticket. it all starts with origins and traditions our ancestors. preservation of the culture of belarusian rituals and crafts but the world

is changing. generations change views and creativity does not stand still. when people realize the value of traditions and understand where to move on, art takes on new bright colors.

dance is the pulse of movement breathing is the rhythm of life. fashion illustration is the art of conveying fashion ideas in visual form honey, is that a dinner spoon? new theatrical forms author's interpretation of classical works search for sacred meaning every week we new place, watch the project fashion for culture on wednesdays on belarus 24 tv channel.

one of the most difficult sounds for a person to bear is a children's raincoat, nature invented it so that in any place, at any time of the day or night, in any state, an adult can react to the signals of a baby, you need to save from something, but if earlier 1,000 years ago, when this instinct arose in babies and adults, they saved children, as a rule, from the so-called direct natural dangers, for example, from wild animals, today everything is simpler on the one hand, because what wild animals, at least they don’t walk freely on the streets, but on the other hand, everything is much more complicated; the danger has become, in a sense, even more, given the huge number of already known viruses, infections and genetic pathologies. but we still have one big plus, trying to help the child. we no longer rely on our intuition, but go to a professional pediatrician. but with what problems we will more often find out in the next half an hour on the air on alcoholism. my name is ekaterina berskaya. hello, and look today in the program. generation is changing

along with them and childhood diseases. with what problems do modern pediatricians work with a baby in a kindergarten, and will mom get ready for sick leave? what is the reason for frequent childhood colds and is it possible to prevent them and the golden thousand? we will learn how to make the most important period in the life of a baby as comfortable as possible very soon comes from two greek children and treat even more strictly scientific information in our next material. pediatrics is an independent field of medicine that studies the developmental features of a child from birth to the age of majority of the causes of diseases, their cure and prevention. the first attempts to study the body of a child were made by ancient scientists in the works of the thinkers of india, china and ancient egypt that have survived to this day, contain recommendations on feeding and caring for babies, as well as a description of some diseases, these data formed the basis of the works of avicenna, which in the canon

of medical science, described physiology and pathology of childhood in the middle ages, works began to appear containing information about the odessa measles whooping cough and success, and in 1650, the doctor gleason described rickets due to the high mortality and morbidity of children, scientists began to actively study this issue and came to the conclusion that the surest way to keep the baby healthy in the majority. cases favored the strengthening of his immune system hardening, physical activity and good nutrition in the xix century. gradually, pediatrics emerges as an independent discipline; in france , the first nurseries for children are opened in st. petersburg and in moscow, the first children's hospitals, and in belarus, with surgical tuberculosis and eye departments in provincial hospitals open separate children's wards. now pediatrics is a multifaceted science with many areas of cardiology, nephrology , neurology. ophthalmology castro enterology and other childhood passes quickly, but with

warmth and trepidation, remembering it all my life, so that this time is as healthy as possible and pediatricians work one of the best today in the studio of science addiction natalya borisovna hello good afternoon natalya borisovna kozich chief physician second children's clinic minsk pediatrician, what diseases in children are now much more common, and which, on the contrary, go away and maybe because they fell ill? well, let's just say that our ancestors had some kind of illness, in principle, children's diseases are gone forever , it cannot be said that they are gone forever. or they do not occur at all, there are diseases that are very rare. this is, for example , an infectious disease, because we carry out prevention. we deal with it on prevention and such diseases as infectious there are a number of them. they may not be a thing of the past meet in the form several cases, and maybe they occur at all, and if we talk about viral diseases, then they, as they were probably 10-15-20 years ago, they

accompany the child now, but maybe due to the fact that our children are still overflowing. they leak, maybe more weakened, but there are children who get sick. they get sick and get sick. they belong to a group. often long. sick children. listen, well, that's how a pediatrician is. tell me, is it normal that the child is constantly sick, what should parents do? here are afraid to be frightened or perceive it cannot be said that the majority of children still get sick often for a long time and with some certain incorrect ones, maybe manifestations, but the basis is also such factors as the child was born. with what health group, he was born, how his mother bore during pregnancy, what does her mother have. you are also an important factor that affects the health of the child and say that all children get sick the same way. but this is also wrong. some people get sick easily, others get sick hard, but

still. u say that all children get sick it is impossible to say, because there are children who are absolutely healthy and such a percentage, somewhere around ten. percent, but you can learn more about the health group with which the child is born, there is in pediatrics, a certain health group, the first health group is when the children are absolutely healthy , the second health group is when the children have some deviations in the state of health, the third group of health is already some kind of chronic diseases and the fourth group is, unfortunately, children who already have a disability, but such there are very, very few children, but still it occurs, that is, in children. uh, there may even be chronic diseases, of course. like an adult child. this is a model of an adult, but she is still a small model. well, if we talk about how children are born and what kind of newborns come to us, then children who do not have any deviations. unfortunately, this is

zero one percent, and then the development of the child comes from this. his disease is his immunity. well, and so on, but since we're talking. about newborns, yes, let's, but listen to the opinion another specialist, scientists from all over the world conducted a study and found out that the most important period in the life of any person, on which his further health will depend, is the first thousand days, including intrauterine development, a newborn child is so special, and a child who -uh, living nine months at 3:00, yes. in the warmth in comfort i get everything i need from my mother, having been born, i begin life on my own. this is a very difficult period of time for a child , a very responsible one. and it depends on

much further development. first hours. the first grids are important for the formation of various organs and systems, therefore , very careful professional supervision is necessary for him, which is provided to him with money until at home, from the point of view of physiology, the child's nutrition through the umbilical cord stops. external breathing begins, the lungs of the circulatory system open up, the child begins to feel a completely different temperature, the child’s tactile sensations are completely different, therefore, of course, all organs of the central nervous system circulatory system. respiratory system. eh, everything undergoes. uh, totally different feeling. naturally. they must adjust

to the new life in which she appeared the very first second after birth. well, nato needs to see if the child needs to come back for help. if not, then it allows the child to adapt independently, that is, the child is laid out on the chest by the mother with a pulsating umbilical cord. a minute uh, after the end. let the umbilical cord remain and clamp it. here the child is laid out on the mother's stomach. uh, for in order to help him adapt to get temperature adaptation, so that the skin and umbilical cord of the child are colonized by the maternal microflora in order to establish psycho-emotional means between mother and child. and of course, earlier breastfeeding within an hour of the first child. uh, applied to the chest. at the same time

, it can be applied only when he independently arrives at this activity, he will, uh, show his bearish desire means at this time it is necessary to give baby breast mother help him baby get the first drops of colostrum. and now you drops colostrum, they will help the organization of the intestines. microflora, here it is colostrum, this is a concentrate of useful substances that the child will receive, baste his energy and, of course, replenish his body with the necessary substances, if there is scientific evidence that there are still children who were breastfed for the first six months , then they get sick with all children's infections. they are healthier, they know how, they are beautiful. well she must carefully listen to the advice

given by the staff to mothers, of course, must prepare for childbirth, and the mother must be very willing to breastfeed the child. at the same time, listen to the staff, because there are times when a mother wants to breastfeed, but something goes wrong with her and the child loses weight, maybe he needs to be fed, so very e, here you need to cooperate with the staff listen to this child , 9 months was in utero and was born in a completely different child. extremely important the presence of the mother, so i want the mother to start taking care of him as soon as possible, because then the child is calmer then the child eats better, that is, the child feels that he is with his mother the smell of mother the smell of breast milk colostrum is exactly the same as the child feels inside that's exactly, so when he hears, it's a native smell. you hear her voice, already, however, not from within, but it is

so familiar to him and the child gains confidence. he is much calmer and better about it, so for better adaptation of the baby so that e periods of adaptation pass without a trace. mom needs to be actively involved in the process, but i want a baby. mania we don’t understand the topic of pediatrics, see below crystal nervous system. what is the danger of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder to do or not to do, we will discuss with the expert the issues of children's vaccination and is there only enough sun when and in what dosages you need to give vitamin d to kids in the program very soon we were joined by this science mania. today we understand the topic of pediatrics together with a guest doctor and a pediatrician natalya kozich natalya borisovna at the very beginning of our conversation with you, we already talked about vaccinations and you will agree. many diseases,

thanks to vaccinations, have already disappeared from our lives, as things are now with children's vaccination, because i know that some parents are categorically against we have a national calendar of preventive vaccinations in the republic, which children need to be transferred according to the calendar even when they were born maternity hospital and there is a mass of infection, which thanks to. faithful to vaccinations are already gone. this is rubella. it's also viral hepatitis is for example mumps meet very e, seldom in the people. this is pig root. in general, almost diphtheria, tetanus, poliomyelitis. these infections, probably due to vaccination, have disappeared from our lives. well, in the distant past, although there are isolated cases. but this is extremely rare, therefore, it is probably not in vain that the state takes care of this and adopts such important documents as the national calendar, so that parents think that it is still necessary to

vaccinate the child. e his immune system somehow protect so that when he he will come, uh, to an organized team in a kindergarten, then to school, then somewhere else, uh, a child. can go. yes, so that there is no such, say, influence on his body, that he does not have immunity from a particular disease? uh, if we also talk about countries of the far near abroad, there, uh, vaccination is on a paid basis and they are vaccinated. and with us it comes completely free of charge. parents should know about the vaccines we have and the adapted , proven one has certificates. therefore, there is no need to be afraid. be sure to vaccinate your child and stick to the calendar. of course there are parents who are opponents. you can see it from the hospital. they don't. uh, vaccinate your kids. but these are percentages, maybe two to five percent. basically, they give up to 95 babies who are born in the

maternity hospital and have already been vaccinated. tell me, mm such a diagnosis as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. well , it seems to us, they began to put children much more often than 10-15 years ago or us? it only seems. and? if not, why is this happening? here, if we say that its 10-15 years ago, this is probably because they were not developed. so technology, like children now, may be less affected by the factors that they now have - this and the internet. this, probably, is also our phones - these are our computers and so on and so on tablets. that is, everyone is now immersed in this web, let's say the internet, so they see what they want to see there, and sometimes parents don't even pay attention to it. that is, parents should pay more attention to the child, not at all. they load it with these. sorry, but gadgets have hyperactivity and

attention deficit, but let's say that it manifests itself somewhere after three, children begin, when they go to kindergarten, they already understand with their peers. close communication begins there, well, in a group where there are so many, therefore, of course, we can say that this is not just a phenomenon that is not worth drawing the attention of a parent, of course, parents. it is necessary to pay attention, and yet, if the child is not assiduous, if he concentrates his attention poorly, if he cannot do some certain work that we the teacher instructs the teacher to pay attention to this, be sure to consult with a specialist, because this can lead to certain consequences. and now scientists say that after all, hyperactivity is still a manifestation of most of all hereditary. uh, such diseases, let's say, and it can lead to certain, uh, long-term consequences, which you should pay attention to in childhood with these

problems to a pediatrician or a psychologist, you know. uh, the pediatrician will listen and look will make the right decisions and refer to a specialist who needs to show this child a vitamin. d and also such an e topic for controversy, as a specialist. e. tell vitamin d is needed is not needed the sun may be enough for the baby. at what age was vitamin d given for prophylactic purposes? it has long been not today that they began to use it and not today. he panacea for some diseases vitamin d today give the child from birth. and i think that this is necessary, because such a diagnosis as rickets is very rare in our country, but it nevertheless, it occurs, and perhaps many have forgotten that such a diagnosis exists in general, vitamin d is the prevention of rickets, so i am in favor of prescribing it. i am for the children to receive it and, probably, the sun. this is not the one we will say a product that will

contribute to the production of this vitamin in sufficient quantities, after all, from birth. 1,000 international units, no one has canceled, so i still recommend using it as a preventive measure, but it will not be harmful to strengthen immunity. he will only useful. here, perhaps, there are some top recommendations a bit. to the parents of the main e yes, in order to raise a healthy child, the main preventive, as it were, focus is precisely vaccine prevention. this is, as it were, a component of health, the future of a growing child cannot be forgotten about a rational balanced diet. it is necessarily a set of carbohydrate proteins of microorganisms. another component is, of course, the daily routine. that is, if you do not follow the regime of the day, chaotically give food, chaotically give loads. uh, there are some lessons. this will also lead to certain disorders. and also, of course, the stress that the child experiences. some

are trying. uh, the kid went to kindergarten and sunday school is starting. some mugs , something else, well, loads should be dosed and probably they should be, uh, at the request of the child, and not really the parent , and we will still talk about the components of success, a healthy child is, probably, after all motor asset. these walks are fresh air. this is a pool, of course, tempering procedures and, as they used to say, the sun air and water are our best friends. this has not been canceled, so parents should know this , parents should raise a child, a healthy lifestyle. this, too, has not been canceled. well, the singer's hygiene skills are hygienic hand washing, washing fruits, vegetables and some kind of hygiene procedures that are inside the family, they should be. well, the foundations of a healthy life. they are registered everywhere. it is truth. here we are, as if trying to instill in parents and

children. well, everyone, of course, reacts in their own way, but we achieve this, in general, it is very difficult for parents. they need to be example. this is the most important thing and follow the recommendations of the pediatrician, because 10% of the success of a healthy child depends on medicine. everything else from the family, the formula is clear and understandable gave boris thank you very much for finding the time for health to you and your little patients. and we do not say goodbye, i propose to discuss the topic. adolescent health. indeed , it turns out that it is in adolescence that problems can appear even due to the fact that some body systems are developing too rapidly. not yet adults are no longer small one of the most psychologically, vulnerable age periods. the teenage period is different for everyone, but most guys still face a strong personality crisis that can lead to

depression at this time. psychotherapy of adolescence triggered such an effect. you know, as it were, but an outside guru, that is. a person outside the family outside the school outside the close circle of the environment , most often this is just the same either a psychologist or psychotherapist with whom it is safe to communicate, to whom you can tell some about your problems. you can get help. and again. we are categorically not, well, as it were, how to say not authoritarian, that is, not a single psychologist at the reception says that you need to act there. it’s not like that, categorically, that is, the question is, if the dialogue is a teenager, it just comes to some points on its own. how it is based on personal characteristics, it is better to act, and to be more successful. there's more calm, there and so on and so forth. for all time of work of the center - it is 25 years. exactly. now the largest percentage of adolescents' self-referral to psychologists and psychotherapists is recorded. the center's specialists believe that this is due to the well-informed population. part of

our work consists in such educational activities. we go to our pediatrician colleagues, talk about ourselves and tell about various mental health problems of adolescent children. we go to an educational institution. we are speaking about changing behavior. and it is not necessary that it becomes. here's some bad, yes or depressive there, if for your child such behavior that you see now is not typical, and it lasts for more than a day or two. and you see that it is already dragging on. and you need to calculate in weeks, then, of course, you need to seek help from a specialist. another fairly large group of children who can be helped in the center are kids, someone faced with strong fears, someone with obsessive actions. if the mother sees that the child is lags behind or somehow develops in a wrong way in speech development, if the mother sees that the child somehow communicates with other children and family members in a wrong way.