tv [untitled] BELARUSTV January 2, 2023 4:20am-4:51am MSK
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the ancient greeks called the opportunity to see them a gift from above, and after they were told about by representatives of the nobility, they planned global sovereign decisions and even weddings. the god of healing, not asclepius, according to legend , seriously ill people, left in the stone sanctuary. patients had to go to sleep in the morning to talk about what they saw on the basis of these stories about the crypt and prescribed an individual treatment plan. as you probably guessed today, the program will focus on dream relationships, which in society have changed radically many times , which ultimately led to creation of entire sciences. and neurology. my name is ekaterina verskaya. hello, in the next half hour, look in sciencemania.
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are the well-forgotten old recent researches in the field of neurology the golden road to the subconscious or what is hidden from us and why and how to help your child go through the period of nightmares? in ancient times, yes, and in the middle ages, too , dreams were treated very reverently from the gift of interpreting dreams. it was passed down from generation to generation, however, as well as collections, which are popularly called dream books later dreams. let's say, they gently devalued, including because they could not explain their nature from a scientific point of view. however, now scientists are more and more studying this phenomenon, i'm not afraid to say. indeed, despite the fact that during sleep we rest, our brain works at 100%. and in dream research, this is exactly what the science of neurology does, my colleagues have already been told. at the institute of physiology of the academy of sciences of belarus, we will
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start with this today. the problem of sleep is, according to the figurative expression of some uh doctors and scientists. this is a problem that has not been will ask you to fall asleep, uh, and scientists and clinicians constantly complain to different laboratories and clinics there from different patients or insomnia or vice versa. uh, sotility, and at work, even an interesting job. it's trying all the time in some way to sort out these and questions and problems and that way. in general, there was increased working capacity or even normal working capacity of people, and during sleep, but did not dream, let's say close studies, which scare people in the morning, this is really a problem. why because u many believe that during sleep there is a complete rest
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of the neuron networks of the brain, huh? activities are just not only during wakefulness, but also during sleep, but there is a constant processing by neurobinets of information that came both during the working period and in the process of dreams that see a person and proof of god, this is really an active state, which until the end have not yet been studied. but it is known that e is divided, as if conditionally, into two such phases, although there are several periods. in fact these two phases, that is, here are active, there are inactive states, then there are different levels of sleep. and this is very important that these levels replace one another. and here, depending on the characteristics of the individual, the features of falling asleep and waking up a person
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are four. 3.5 or more such changes of these periods are observed by scientists during these periods. well, let's say, what happens to e movements of the eyeballs, when they register and even have distinguished phases of fast movements of the eyeballs and slow movements of the eyeballs, respectively, e, scientists tried, but to figure it out and woke up in these states, well, the patients with whom they agreed, what patients see, when the solutions of the eyeballs are so smooth when registering with the help of special electrodes , or here, and to build the movement of the eyeballs and, accordingly, the patients told , what kind of dreams they saw in adobe or in another state, scary or there, for example, and not
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emotional, but, on the contrary, here are some productive ones, and what about dreams? some tasks and so on. it allowed everything. well, as if understand more pedantically. that's how the physiological processes are connected. and with her , you can talk more about how to recommend to people. yes, you can observe that when a newborn, and this is he, is sleeping, because, uh, it’s like the main period of time, and at this time it’s going on, and this baby’s constant learning. not only to say so in a dream. well, during these short it would seem that some periods of the age of people, because therefore , even when he is awake and there is a lot of information enters the brain, it takes time to process this information immediately, and that's why the baby sleeps for so long, which means that this important period of processing this information requires a certain long
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time. by the way, during sleep, the most important, as it were, structure for organizing sleep is the relationship between the reticular formation of the brain stem and other parts of the brain and, first of all, of course, the cerebral cortex, it turns out that here, as it were, the brain stem and subcortical brain regions. they mutually redistribute. here, uh, as if the tasks in different phases are the price and in the end. here is the balance of these relationships between retinoids of information and the king of the cerebral hemispheres, and he forms different phrases of sleep, and with the change of one and the other number of these e, in the end. if suddenly there is some kind of violation associated with the intake, there may be some kind of supplements, but a large number of such, well, alcoholic or medication. why do
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doctors always recommend observation? how does it work here? the drugs that are prescribed yes, and for performance and thus sometimes replaces these medicines there. and you must also carefully read what is written there in the explanation, as an action. here are the medicines and preparations. the brightest figure in psychology sigmund freud called dreams the golden road to the subconscious, does this mean that dreams show our consciousness what we ourselves would like to hide soon we will find out stadiocomania doctor, psychotherapist oksana evgenievna hello oksana evgenievna lazovskaya doctor psychotherapist of the highest qualification category specialist in diagnostics and treatment depressive and anxiety disorders adaptation disorders sleep disorders. oksana evgenievna so, tell us, what are dreams from a purely psychological point of view and why do we need them? after all, they are, well, for sure
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they are needed for something. all people dream. even those who say they never saw these dreams. in fact, he simply does not remember them. we can say with certainty that each of us has several dreams. every night. it is known that sleep is a cyclic phenomenon that lasts about 7-8 hours, and during sleep. we have 4-5 cycles consisting of phases of non-rem and rem sleep in the phase of rem sleep. we also see dreams, this phase is also called the phase of rapid eye movement, because at this time our eyeballs move quickly at a pace, taken forward. it is good that we do not see ourselves from the outside at this moment. this we will not notice, because if we look at ourselves from the outside. we will most likely just sleep sweetly in a relaxed state, because this phase is also called paradoxical e, the muscles, at this
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time of the whole body are absolutely relaxed. for what we need them for. well, why can't our er, body and brain in the first place just rest during all phases of sleep have been researched. er, people were woken up during their sleep in such a way that they couldn't dream. that is, they were awakened in rem sleep, but at the same time they got enough sleep . that is, they slept a sufficient amount of time. in it, it was found that these people become irritable, anxious. they have impaired memory and impaired concentration, there may even be fears or hallucinations from this the conclusion is that we need sleep first of all in order to restore the functions of the nervous system. that is , many events happen to us during the day, many things affect us. irritants, both from the outside from the outside world, and from the inside from our body and during dreams. we process all this in such a way
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as to somehow streamline this chaos and throw out what we do not need. there is even an opinion of scientists that in phasic science all unnecessary connections between nerve cells are removed, and they suggest that even if there is some kind of dream, we remembered. we must immediately forget it in order for us to have it, then a place for new impressions is also the function of dreams - this is the processing of information from this short-term memory of memory, which we compare all this with that memory during the day of some actual events which we already have a long-term memory, and from this we get the opportunity to further better adapt in life. dreams are not imagination. this is not an illusion, this is a response of our consciousness to what has already been experienced today, for example, this is a mixed plot
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dreams. yes, this is the result of linking this information, which we already store what once happened to us, but the fact that we have some relevant information that happened today does not disappear anywhere, but i know that already from the age of five, children . that time, we started talking about plots, yes, nightmares can begin to dream, what kind of child? someone is running, someone is chasing him, how can this be explained precisely by nightmares. and if we are talking about a child with him, what else has been experienced? everything is fine. let's get together for start. what is a nightmare in general a nightmare is a terrible terrible disturbing dream from which we wake up in fright in the english language. there is a word for darkness, it means horror nightmare, but it is also a witch who strangles the sleeping you, the main difference between a nightmare and
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just a terrible dream. this is what a person wakes up, wakes up, his heart beats. he may scream there and there may be other vegetative manifestations of the body; children have an active imagination and are stressful for them. it may already become what they are they didn’t get what they wanted during the day or the parents quarreled and also their psyche already has some inner experiences of its own related to the mental life with their desires. often there aggressive unacceptable. all this, if the psyche can not cope or the stimulus is very strong. maybe, well, like adults, it manifests itself in the form of a nightmare, and we think that why. at such an early age, in general, nightmares can be dreamed of already from three to six years old, because at this time there is still sufficient maturation of the psyche in order to
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to process something and see these images. i suggest you and i stop for a few minutes. let's see how to do it anyway. he's a kid calmly. when a child is born, uh, he needs to uh feel constant contact, uh, with his mother, but because, uh, our children. they are born quite immature, and they cannot immediately exist autonomously, and this applies not only to the period of wakefulness, but also to the period of sleep. and another such feature of children's sleep is that, and most of us in children, e constitutes superficial sleep, and this has such a protective function, because in this stage of sleep it is easier for the child to wake up and, accordingly, there is less risk of so-called apnea, involuntary breath holding, which can sometimes lead to not very
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good consequences for prevention. this syndrome of the so-called sudden infant death. here, in fact. there are two necessary conditions. this is what children, but normally spend most of their time in a red dream, and what they need is constant contact, uh, with their mother, well, either with another adult who cares for him, and accordingly, um, in order for the children to sleep well, they need this contact in this situation. i always talk about the rules of safe co-sleeping because and of course this is also important. hmm the rules are simple. the first rule is that mom hmm should be directly alcohol and not 10 sedatives . well, there is also a dad, if it is a joint dream with dad and mom, and the bed on which the child sleeps with mom. daddy she
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should be fairly even. and wide, that is, without any gaps there, drops of a strong and very soft mattress, with which everything seems to slide into the middle of the third very important moment, that of a child. we open it with our adult blanket, but because it is too heavy for him and he, too, can, well, let's say , experience breathing problems, that is, the child just lies with his mother. hmm, under the side, so to speak, in the breastfeeding area, and he can , do not cover with anything and still a very important child do not swaddle. and that is, he lies simply with open arms and legs, a and m-m. if conditionally somewhere there, he accidentally turned around. it can always be normal from mom to push off sleep hygiene, yes, that is, it is the optimal humidity, the optimal temperature. there is a lack of nightlights for the fact that mothers are also often afraid to turn off
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the light completely while the child is small. this can also affect the release of the hormone melatonin. but just the same, we are responsible for, uh, a normal elephant. and if there is some kind of light, then, accordingly, it can be produced less. but then, here's mom who are breastfed, they have, uh, ready-made solutions, because, and breast milk produces itself, that is, it supplies the child. this melatonin is especially at night, meaning it has its own circadian rhythms. and in this case, the child also has more bonuses than a child on an artificial rock. drug addiction today, together with scientists, explore the magical world of dreams, see further prophecy or banal physiology. why do we dream prophetic stories? and what would the world not know if it were not for dreams very soon in the program? hello
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. probably we are the only one in the republic of belarus who still produces the good old tasty moscow sausage exactly according to the gost recipe . this same says not forging. this is a little milky leg, she hid under and she seemed to be there. watch a good satchel with svetlana borovskaya on our
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tv channel. about life in belarus, favorite work and hobbies i can say, well, openly that i love, belarus, i proudly declare that a-and it was here that i acquired my great happiness, belarus is a very hospitable country that accepted us in its arms with all its love. watch in the program a look at belarus on our tv channel. continuing the theme of bad dreams. to nightmares. let's talk about adults now, because it's one thing a bad dream with some kind of mood woke up something not very good, but thank god you don't always remember everything, but when it's really a nightmare when, as they say, you wake up in
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cold sweat, that's what, and sometimes in these nightmares, uh, you see, uh, well, people whom you, in principle, never met in your life, well, you never met or you just don't remember that you met them in a dream. this is the processing of a huge amount of information and some of this information in a dream, for example, people whom we have never seen stories that, of course, we have never experienced, but we create them ourselves according to the associative links between our daytime impressions and what has already been then in life and store already in the long-term. there is also such a thing as this is usually when you are just starting to fall asleep and suddenly you have the feeling that you are falling down. here is such a fall during sleep, of course, you immediately wake up from a dream, as if taken away by hand. is this, is this the brain trying to signal that it's not too early to sleep yet or
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what? this is possible. you are now talking about sleep paralysis, in which a fall is often really present, or vice versa, flights are a phenomenon that may be associated precisely with the state of falling asleep or waking up at this time, we can have a dream, and at the same time our body is absolutely relaxed, that is, sleep paralysis. this is a state of complete or partial paralysis of the muscles, for which it is necessary so that we do not fall asleep from our dreams in the first place, that is, the brain blocks the movement of the body, but at the same time we can find it in consciousness. that we are already experiencing all this very vividly, we are in consciousness, but the brain still sees a dream, the body does not move. yes, absolutely relaxed. we cannot speak. we cannot open our eyes at this time, but we understand that something is happening. we are already conscious. this moment sounds scary
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to be honest, paralysis. you see, it becomes a little easier when you add sleepy, because immediately something is so serious, but this happens to everyone and well, as if it were nothing. hmm there is no serious threat. dangerous paralysis of muscles in both hosts. it is necessary for us so that we do not fall asleep, sleep should, as it were, preserve dreams, it also performs this function, and in order for us not to fall asleep well, rest, recover, but some moments, for example, the period is faster itself each of us. will see nightmare or everyone sleep paralysis can happen. eh, in general, this phenomenon is quite common in a population of about 7% of people, it is experienced once or several times in their lives, but most often it occurs, of course, in people with various mental disorders. it could be anxiety
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disorders. it can be panic attacks , and in women in men, by the way, it was found equally more often that sleepy paralysis occurs in students or workers who have shift work, the night shift can be, that is, with sleep disturbances. that is, well , not dangerous, although experiences can be the most unpleasant at these moments, but someone, by the way, experiences positive emotions, because at this time it flies, for example, people also, uh, on their own are looking for yes, some answers to questions that is why . uh, dream books yes , interpretation of dreams. and so many still believe that dreams are prophetic, from the point of view of psychology, things are a dream - this is what sleep is, these are fairy tales that the brain tells itself at night and sleep, ideally, is what
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should bring us the fulfillment of our desires those that were not fulfilled during the day, and often a person who finds himself in some situation of dissatisfaction. for example, i really miss my girlfriend there. i can't meet her now, but i really want to see her, or at least hear her. i think about it, but these are not thoughts that i am fully aware of. yes, they can be invisible to the background, again, not very consciously. i notice that a lot of time has passed, as we saw her there and at some point. i may have a dream where i see her for example, yes, and in the morning she calls me, i can think. these things are a dream, but in reality they are not. this is a collection of many small details that have developed and gave me the opportunity to get what i want a little earlier, yes.
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or, for example, i can think in the same situation. i haven't seen you for a long time. we haven't been in touch for a long time. and at some point a friend calls, i compare these two things and believe that we are a prophetic dream in fact, well, we are thus ourselves. we console or deceive a little in order to be able to think, well, probably m-m. i can somehow protect myself from something terrible. if something happens to me, next time, if i know, i will be prepared, well, in the evening again , for example, yes to all situations that are possible, as i understand it, from the point of view of psychology, a similar story, and about new year's dreams night dreams on christmas night, but they are generally treated with special respect, of course, we expect a miracle on christmas and new year's eve. we make a wish and hope that if we
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don’t get them in reality, then we can at least dream about them. that is, if something you i didn’t get it, until i got it in real life , you can count on sleep to compensate for everything. yes, yes, that's exactly what we're counting on. when is the dream with him? well , thank you very much, i had no more questions, it was really very interesting. and we are selling a suggestion to find out what we would not see if there were no wonderful dreams of the time of the scientific society. the most popular example of a scientific dream is the periodic table of the elements of dmitri mendeleev, although the researcher himself spoke about it, maybe i thought for 20 years, but you you think, he sat and suddenly it was ready, as the acquaintances of the scientist recalled, he worked on the table for days, and at some point fell asleep in a dream and saw the table known to us today, in which the elements were located as
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needed. dar sees dreams. so, for me, more than my talent to absorb conscious knowledge. i've spent a third of my life sleeping. and this third is by no means the worst. this is what albert einstein said, he always believed that his entire scientific career was the analysis of his dreams. einstein's most familiar dream was in his youth biographers. they say that scientists allegedly rode a sleigh down a steep slope and picked up speed. everything, suddenly turned into a solid spot of a scientist - it inspired. and he began to try to find the answer to the question, what happens when the speed of light is reached, soon albert einstein became the author of the theory of relativity. and the american alice howe saw a sewing machine in a dream. more precisely, he understood how to improve an existing design and the first us to receive a patent for a sewing machine with a shuttle mechanism, relatives of the inventor later told reporters, that howe could not figure out how to ergonomically place the thread in the needle, he kept thinking about an ordinary needle, and then he had a dream with an
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eye at the bottom of the needle when he woke up. he immediately began to work out the theory in practice. ekaterina beretskaya is with me, today they tried to look into the magical world of dreams and explain everything that happens there from a scientific point of view. i hope you get out half an hour before the meeting on the air. for you around the clock, do not switch about belarus at home and abroad. over 100 million viewers worldwide have access to
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