everything that mankind has done has been preserved, as if by magic on the pages of books, reading a person survives centuries. reading brings the generation together, we value the past for our present belarus 24. the hero city of minsk is not only the capital of belarus and the largest administrative cultural and scientific center, but also an ancient city with a rich history that has its own secrets

and mysteries. his birth is considered. the first mention in the annals, minsk is first found on the pages of written sources. more for 80 years before the appearance of information about moscow, the chronicler tells about the events of 167, connected with the bloody battle on the nemega between the troops of polotsk prince vseslav the sorcerer and the heirs of the kiev prince and roslav. this is a chronicle of the city native to jenny, but written information about ancient minsk is very scarce. they give only shchi and a rather schematic representation of the city and its history, which causes many years of controversy among scientists about the place of its original location. when a version arises that the original minsk is located not at the confluence of the

svisloch and nemiga tideus some twenties and footmen were shown by academician yasinsky why in 1945 archaeologists began to actively excavate on the territory of the minsk castle during the war that territory. uh, was pretty badly damaged by the bombing. why did she suffer from the bombing of the forty- first to 44 years, which contributes to the construction of a new castle in the nigean principality with a new capital, was the chronological nastya and ivan tired that the forest was cut down by the velmikh for emotional rushes. the stones are confidently bordered chronologically , what scientists say, and the mythical city of the bottom of the gate has a list of cities near and far of the fourteenth centuries, and help from migoria is formed days after the south and the

city of minsk. excavations just then. here it was revealed the minsk gates, the minsk gate. see how our capital was born right now. as scientists suggest, it is here about the confluence of the svisloch and nemiga rivers that the site of primitive people, objects found during archaeological excavations indicate that human settlements existed on

the territory of modern minsk 15,000 years ago, and objects that date back to the stone age were found on the territory of the minsk castle. there are separate finds here that date back to the bronze age. and even, probably, the time is not alita, that is, the new stone age. vadim koshman head of the center for archeology of belarus of the institute of history of the national academy of sciences of belarus candidate of historical sciences. it's in. the first line of discovery. ah. the so-called finds of stone axes from this period. there are finds of flint tools, there are finds of ceramics. of course, this does not mean that dima equates the first settlements that appeared on this territory and modern minsk, however, this territory is certainly rich in its rivers and river tributaries. it attracted

people and life existed here at all times, by and large, its intensity was certainly different, but already the most active growth, minsk itself and what we associate with the annalistic minsk begins. here at the end of the eleventh beginning of the twelfth century. one of the most mysterious events in the history of minsk remains the battle on nemiga, it is from this legendary battle that took place on march 3, 1067 that the documentary begins. the history of our capital is great. it's a pity. it was tragic in the history of our city sergey tarasov archaeologist historian writer ph.d. nemesis rental. it happened to all the participants in the

nemizina of the svisloch, but you would give yourself such as to say understanding that yes. this was already a city of hubbub, that is, it was the populace sewage on the jenny chronicle of the city, and not physically indestructible fell out. uh, the flat land of the cold city of polotsk in the fogs is still the prince from the slouching polina kurlovich, head of the department of archeology and special historical disciplines of the belarusian state university, and he, along the way, is slavic. this is a nashchadke uh, ragnedy, which was the wife of prince vladimir only the most vladimir of these plants, russia, three mothers of the school chumpy dream book with the name of vseslavich radium is associated with a whole era as the most famous prince of polotsk, he is already alive during his lifetime with glory and legends, and his long reign

for 57 years is marked by the completion of the construction of st. sophia cathedral and polotsk yuna begins, in principle, hours, and in the ethereal vasya sent bratislava, they carry out such a dose, their own policy, and the clarification yes of the kiev princes and er, the prince of the omnipotent he was not turned off. well, it's probably filmed here. e on beikhs to the full territory, than all sorts of kievan princes of the tale of bygone years raised an army in polotsk, all glory to the son, damn it, and glory and novgorod was occupied by three yaroslavichs from the donkey svyatoslav vsevolod, having gathered the soldiers, went to all glory, the great frost and approached to minsk and minskanie closed in the

city, mine had such a cavity, prince slavu attacked novgorod, burned the city and he himself into the cities of the nerovsky end. and behind the novgorod sophia, as the chronicler writes, he took off the chandelier and, uh, the ringing bells, apparently, it didn’t hit my sophia with a strip and then, therefore, a stranger everything and then i sanctified to relax. all here are their kiev souls to the bowl. and you won’t hide me in the fence from the tale of bygone years, but these brothers took minsk and killed all the husbands, and captured the wives and children and went to them for a moment and vseslav went against them and opponents met. on the third day of niamiha, the month of march, there was a lot of snow and they went

at each other and there was a misfire, cruel and many fell in it and overcame everything because of the glories svyatoslav vsevolod. slav ran on the idea describes he himself about the word igor’s passage to heaven was puffed up with heads. although sown, but sown, by the bones of russian sons, since the first mention of minsk dates back to 1.67 , when le is tells, and there is every reason to assume that the city was taken in one of the most terrible battles in the memory of the ancient slavs, that the emergence of the city refers to an earlier time yaroslavets he so wasted hmm from pompostit out loud that they got out of the earthly winter, because they they no longer went to the fierce, but because the chronicle was written for the winter of veles, that is, the terrible

heavy earth, here is the alley, they wanted to let go of time. and so to speak, and they chose minsk to him horseshoe because she corrected it the most. this is where a mystery arises. it’s a mystery, minsk is precisely the attack of the troops, yaroslavichi at the beginning, namensk, and then the campaign against the nemiga becomes the reason for long disputes and doubts about the location of the ancient city. why, if not a moment is located in mensk, the brothers, they still arrange a trip to her and does this mean that the city is in a different place, let's return to the origins of the study of ancient minsk, the first for the documented appeal of investigators, local historians, the monuments of ancient minsk belong to the nineteenth century, alexandra vavitovich. associate professor, department of archeology and special historical disciplines of bsu

, candidates of historical sciences. describing his travels and describing the sights of minsk, vladislav sorokovlya also turned his attention to the uh castle, but of course, before the archaeological study. the hands of these famous people did not reach the belarusian ethnographer popularizer of the national cultural heritage of the belarusians. pavel shpilevsky in 1857 published in his book a journey through the woodland and the belarusian region. the legend was founded by the minsk local prince. squad leader. the bogatyr builds a mill on the swisloch, a fat one, which can grind not only grain, but also stones at midnight, i travel around the surrounding villages a little and recruit a squad of people, he

chooses brave, brave and physically strong , they create nearby. the city-fortress, which is called by the name of the founder. well, of course, this is romantically beautiful, but andrey his iditkhovich, head of the department of archeology of the middle ages and modern times of the institute of history of the national academy of sciences of belarus , candidate of historical sciences to reality. this relationship has nothing to do with history going on as usual after the october socialist revolution, science in the ussr reaches an unprecedented flourishing, the political and social conditions created by the new revolution cause the emergence of new scientific institutions. it was time. uh, the rise of the rise of the national cultural and this, of course, it could not but affect the general mood and the attitude of society and the state to the monuments of archeology and, in the

twenties, the central ones, and the institutions involved in the study of antiquity, not only antiquity and the popularization of knowledge about these e, monuments and much more, uh, associated with the culture and the pond of belarus was, and the institute of belarusian culture in 1925. a commission for the protection of monuments is being created at the institute of belarusian culture. they are compiling a list of objects, an important place is occupied by the minsk castle commission comes to the conclusion that the heart of the city is in an extremely deplorable state and needs to be brought into proper shape, but the implementation of these activities is delayed for some time in 2006. work began on, well, ordering the center of minsk, the river is not a nigga, which was the center of the old city, brought a lot

of problems to the townspeople, and in the end it was decided to take it into the collector. in order to somehow solve the problems with the constant floods of the river already at the beginning of the 20th century. there is talk of the need to enclose the river underground. after the revolution and construction of the sewer is forgotten for some time, but not immediately continues to cause inconvenience to city dwellers and authorities even under soviet rule. in 1926. the lower part of the neinga. take in a reinforced concrete collector. the employees of the institute of belarusian culture do not have the opportunity to carry out excavations at the site of earthworks, but they manage to conduct archaeological supervision. they observe the work that is being carried out here and describe the objects found in the pit, the work was not directed by archaeological supervision, but renowned archivist. well, there is a person

who was nothing archeology dmitry ivanovich and apparently, a bsu student took part in these surveys, and so on. everything is a bsu student alexander dmitrievich kovalenev . museum and repeatedly exhibited in the twenties. at the end of the twentieth years, in the study of ancient minsk, a new plot is twisted by the historian anton nikitich yasinsky, based on the absence of minsk finds of material remains older than the sixteenth-seventeenth centuries. puts forward an unexpected hypothesis was to call the chikao man. a. well, sadkova to say that she was the same sinsuke . this tree is evolution, and

after the revolution, the twentieth-thirtieth years, and he was an accomplice and evasion of the young, soviet bicycles, and here in this smallest soviet encyclopedia artyhu about minsk minsk where they write medically that the worst of this city obeyed not here in svisloch not in nemeze, a there is such a city far away. this is lethally 16 km, but between ours it has half a minute of archaeological, let's say, ravyanka, what the worst zashe gave to this one. here, in the 1920-1930s, it is impossible to excavate on the territory of the minsk castle due to the dense development of the area in stone houses, but on the settlement there are no obstacles to study on the smaller area in 1935 by archaeologists alexander levdansky and alexander kovalenev. in the course of small excavations , ancient ceramics are discovered in the year 135,

a star in a small a note on the search for the first. this minsk and that's where they voiced the idea of ​​sinsky. there they talked about the fact that they carried out small work and wrote that, probably, there are finnish rights that accepted this version and expressed the opinion that it was. it was real that they were on this settlement collecting ceramics, which, in general, confirmed that the time was generally suitable synchronously, yasinsky's hypothesis becomes widely known among historians and archaeologists to some. it seems plausible, especially since before the great patriotic war, repeated attempts archaeologists find physical evidence of existence. in the area where the center of the ancient russian city flows into the svisloch, the dispute is not resolved in an instant, and the location of ancient minsk becomes possible only by organizing

systematic archaeological excavations in the area where nemiga falls into the svislach, but in 1941, the forty-fourth year war in moscow came to minsk in the evacuation, the history of the academy of sciences in the ussr begins to work under him . uh, the department of archeology is headed by konstantin mikhailovich for karpovich actually the only archaeologist who worked in minsk, and before the war in minsk, already in the evacuation, it is planned to carry out excavations at the castle soon after the liberation. in minsk , the institute of history of the academy of sciences of the bssr returns and already in september of the forty-fifth year, archaeologists begin to study the minsk castle, the city is almost completely destroyed, but people are full of hope and enthusiasm and with all their might under the guidance. vasily rodionovich. tarasenko start working. and it was very difficult.

historians. they remembered that they worked with some self-made tools made. he in a primitive way, there were no people who could excavate a war in some territory. e was badly damaged by the bombings. moreover, she suffered from bombings, and the forty-first to forty- fourth year is here. yes, the war has just ended, the city of da crane lies in ruins, in ruins. there’s nothing much here, just a war, and he’s already subordinating the arm, he pulled such excavations in the forty-fifth year. the shorts weren’t great, he laid shukal, where she was most of nature located gorodishche, and 48 districts already began to dig more large excavations on minsk suede. well, as it hides over 560 m. it determines the nature of the building, it reveals a number of bridge strata.

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again, and here he attracted two on a cow, and so on from top to bottom. so three each of us plays different roles during our lives. but what to do for those whose contribution at point blank range is not noticed by awards is the desire to move forward, and awards - this is history. it is your life i need a side say so and you know it, and for me it is very important in my youth. you think not to drink, you don't need titles. you see, this is nonsense. it was invented. see the concept of neutralize on belarus 24 tv channel in the program. during archaeological excavations, cultural

layers are studied that remain as a result of human activity . would visit with you underground, but in the area of ​​the minsk castle. we would see such a layered cake elena drobo, a leading researcher at the museum of the history of the city of minsk, where she was in the times of e, these layers would decompose the lowest layer - this is just the same white color of lime. it was used in the construction of the temple of the first temple, which was in minsk, and then above the traces of human activity , including animals, that is, on the blasting of the straw of the earth, knocked down a little higher, rising. you and i see the remains of the first wooden log cabins, which were also located remnants in the same area. and clay ceramics a and already, rising to the seventeenth to the

eighteenth century, only sand-earth paving stones, and then already asphalt for a while, research stops, but at the end of the fifties, work is resumed again. this time , eduard mikhailovich behind gorulskaya, a novice archaeologist , and he, with all her oh, absolutely, are starting to study this monument. heat in his youth begins to excavate. on this monument, it hides over a thousand square meters. this a large area, and in many respects he is revising the conclusions of his predecessor, pedart mikhailovich zakharolsky yakim to fog. eh, chamu all the same, minsk persipa is sensitively in your place, whistles about what i appoint, what e is thought out carefully, says, not mimiza, and such a miracle some kind of

battle could be itself. uh, a carol - this is not a city of misa and not a place of a fall, they don’t have a whistle taken on kolyuchiminskaya, there are cities close and distant, the fourteenth is left and help is not mizol, it turns out that the city of minsk is the most orphans of the arguments that e basically. there are no bright stars in the way that the city was transferred. nowhere absolutely disputes continue and even gain new strength . for further study of ancient minsk , even more detailed studies are required, both the settlements in mecca and the territory of the modern center. minsk, georgy vasilievich shtykhov is doing this in 1978. he publishes a book of the city of polotsk land, water, not 78 years old, and he describes minsk for mensa and

minsk for svisloch, because i investigated both there and there, well, he was the only one and, of course, there were less. arche, the materials obtained uh were able to uh give scientists the opportunity to refine many ideas about time. uh functioning for the night, in general about the nature of the features of people's lives on this monuments. in ancient times, excavations continue and the finds have already led to a controversy of a new generation of archaeologists, where, after all, was the totmens. first, the mention that the annals are associated with in 1067. georgy shtykhov considers a settlement on the menka river near the current village of gorodishche located 17 km and southwest of the capital behind the village of ozertso, as a possible chronicle city. it consists

of two parts, fortified as part of a small and large settlement, and a vast unfortified posad with an area of ​​at least 40 hectares, probably in the ninth century, the slavic population of st. they came from the south. and the whole e, southeast from the dnieper and began to settle here, by the way, the most incredible find at the moment is the figure of a chess horse made of elk horn, 3 cm high. it is found in 1975, during excavations near the castle rampart, which becomes a real sensation, because this is the oldest chess piece in eastern europe, the city itself is divided

into sectors on the menka, archaeologists learn about this due to fires that break out in different parts of the city at different times, since the wooden house the wedding burns down very quickly, they specially divide the city into squares, so that when a fire starts, the fire does not spread to neighboring houses. after such a close, around the small settlement, this village is fenced off big hair. this turns out to be real. as if the city’s dividend center and around it there are four slits, here, two on the right in the right bank of the memka, which the danube stream divides and two from the left bank of the german, and they are also the floodplain of some former grove, which is now also a divider of substances . well, here this variant of breaking this one was called it from

several. eh, well, it more converges to the fact that these are taxes from the word small. yes, maybe there are excerpts of the mentus, such vasilyevich said, maybe, but rokokomenko, which is falling from the birds. this is the right tributary of the birdies. uh, moreover, such a metikava, cancer, here, uh, and the norms of velmone are calm. she is small. here it was possible to excel, and the years begin a powerful leash, and it blows everything on its way. for example, the new year did not give us a donkey. kiss, ladies will be there. uh, the bridge is actually more than a part of the cities. e hmm on the territory. ancient russia is connected, of course, with the rivers there, vitebsk carving there is a lukomka and so on, pinsk pina is a turov woman. and accordingly, of course, the conclusion immediately suggests itself that the minsk version was

so, the most generally nineteenth year, what is the word to change? well, for this one, as for everything, so to speak, a helmet for and what an exchange, and here from the word to change me, minsk but they pass by a water city with such a name in the light there from the word there to change and weave. well, well, not a mat, it’s as if they can’t stand up to criticism, because already at that time, sorry, they didn’t change, but there was a normal trade with money with goods and there was no exchange. it is not primitive in private devices. let's put it this way, of course evacuation of course, in all it's just hygiene, and in the course of not the city's kolki and for the house that sevast such in these ranks. what kind of mother suffixes to look for the central committee and they are mother similar to me fractional speech was such a version, too, mikhalych said that it was such a speech, about which she fell into a whistle. that 's where it was called, without blinking, but hmm

, it's impossible to prove it now, but here, perhaps, it was like that. well, maybe not, the structure of the settlement, its size, as well as archaeological finds, allow us to say that the mens on memke is a proto-city, the predecessor of the medieval city, and a whole system of rural settlements and their density is formed around the settlement. within a radius of 15 km. from him it is considered one of the highest in the principality of polotsk for that time , we can no longer have such a butt in belarus. and the reasons, i'm screwed, it's on the ninth tenth. well natural twelfth, second. that is, in the same place everything began under the city, in appearance it is the ninth tenth side. meat is here. we have more. scoring the castle and he was near the edge more than the germans. three hectares of

a settlement twelfth. such a member concerns the situation that there was, the eleventh city, the second fiftieth, we won’t say, not maxim, but there on the germans of the city, most historians and archaeologists are now inclined to think that after all, mentions of ah, minsk in that context of the sixty-seventh years, and most likely, and there 1078 years and possibly 1.084 years. this mention, most likely, and that large complex that existed on the menka river was not enough just a little bit so that the time for this new settlement to become a real city. uh, with all the attributes with wooden buildings with pavements and others, and so on, this is minsk for exchangers at the moment, a trashy

place to live. here you are the most we know from school krivichi for revichi, radimichi. yes, this is the trinity, it’s the degovichi, the belarusian archaeologist and historian yuri afanasyevich hare, who devoted almost his entire life to researching the slavs and the settlements on mecca, proves in his book that the ethnic border between the krivichi and the drevovichi runs in the area of ​​​​today’s zaslavl, he studies in mounds, ethno-determining markers are defeat. why is bile here krivichanka. uh, what kind of simple escron rings they wear, well, such, as it were, such bracelets yes, if they don’t wear them, dragovitsky ones. uh, green patcherkavye such pendants, not kolya, the more there are

glyadimischie there are seven villages. it's all, so to speak, tore off and inspected on here, i would say yes, the end of the twelfth cob of the thirteenth remained on this one initially. it looks like my roastery is located in a famous area, but in the tenth and eleventh centuries there is still no border in the modern sense. instead of it, there may be a swamp, a dense forest and a natural river, so the uncertainty of this border allows the princes to determine by their will what will belong to him, and what will not. anchor when i'm still so myself another slutsk prince. yes, and the torah is under a turn. and such a member of the fallow land in the minsk volost

was ultimately active. and then the polotsk princess, and then the flat prince and slava, and what the same last time it was the main irritant and the main reason for this campaign, because, in fact, here is, uh, poverty. it was the northern borders. e of the kiev land of this state of kiev. and, of course, there are such options. why well, just like that, you see. ah, and he couldn’t grab it from once. and maybe he wanted to, but it’s absolutely clear that they don’t move. this is the settlement of the nation, and he has grown to patch up the whole parish for himself. that is, the very thing that was necessary, that danina, i, that the villagers fall in love with what can be collected something that can be sold and dissolved there at the olive alley with wine. well, there the transformations

are most likely these actions and lead to the famous battle of the year 167 , however, during archaeological research. fortified settlements of naminki, it is not possible to find traces of a fire not on the fortified settlement and on the passat, therefore it is impossible to confirm its burning by the troops of the world, slavichs, dated in the annals of 1.067. in our program, the most active schoolchildren from all over belarus, alexandra, i answered option b in the fourth, as five will meet, 125

followed by 5/4 is 625. i know that the middle ages are divided into three periods - this is the early middle and later, so i answered. yes, they will find answers to all questions, the musical size of the waltz is three quarters, because this is how you are three times, two, three, to be honest, i answered no, because i am more inclined in this definition to the answer, the altar they are ready to surprise and win with two letters. n, firstly, because to break what to do, and because there is a word inadvertently. watch an intellectual entertainment show. i know on the tv channel belarus 24 of the republic of belarus who is still? the good old tasty moscow sausage exactly according to the gost recipe show the stash where you have a sausage sandwich happily to be the one and only

museum of mopeds, the only one in belarus and in the cis it's even better. and it's not even very good. yes, it's just, what a rare story a woman dick. that's not forging says. it's lightly hammered. but no, the second leg, she hid under and she, as it were, has no fantasy at all, look at the good satchel and belarus with svetlana borovskoy on our tv channel. from the second half of the 11th century, the settlement on the memke loses its dominant position. perhaps this is due to the fact that a new fortified settlement is being built at the confluence of the nemiga and svisloch, requiring the mobilization of the surrounding residents to work on the exact date

of construction. it is impossible to determine the castle on nemiga. there are several versions about the period of its foundation, as well as about who nevertheless decided to build it; one of them boils down to the fact that when three yaroslavians go to the nemiga fortress, it already stands there. she gone yeah not a language. and of course, that the ticao chronicle says, yes, neza, well, dear ones rarely went to the city, went to the prince, and then it’s natural that i went to the nimiz. that was the name of this fortress. what was standing here at that hour the eleventh side here budanov all the words of the enchanter, and now this is a battle for nemiziya. this is both in the city of nemisia and on the diet, mysia. what difference does it make that our collection has another version? about the period of construction of the castle on nemiga, scientists suggest that the appearance of the the sorcerer begins to endow his six

sons with inheritances, minsky is transferred to gleb, who is known as the first prince of manx, apparently, when slav did everything yesterday, he began to distribute inheritances to his children gleb got a german. and in general. i think he looked at it all again. it decided to build itself a new year, first, a new prince a new principality with a new capital. this is where the construction began. i think somewhere in the second half of the eleventh century. started building this minsk in the sky when he could endow the fact is that all this was during his lifetime, which means that the moment of endowment could be some kind of some event in life, and this event in life, apparently, there was a marriage to anastasia yaropolkovna, and this happened about. well, not later than 1.086

, and this is the year of the death of anastasia's father, the colonel, an interesting fact is that anastasia's father yaropolk and zaslavich, as the grandson of yaroslav the wise, is considered the traditional enemy of the polotsk principality by this marriage, most likely, and the force wanted to kill yesterday, klin in such anti-sex coalition actually right after this marriage. vladimir monomax makes a punitive campaign against the land of polotsk later in his teaching monomakh himself writes about this assault, that autumn the chernikovians from the polovtsy chiteevichs went to the bowl and captured the city and left neither servants nor cattle in it, minsk is an outpost of the polotsk principality. its southern borders, so the choice of the city for the attack

is not accidental, this campaign, which dates back to all uh 1084 or 1.805. and in this, many see the fact that just e vladimir monomakh coral is actually for such a peculiar one. well, redistribution and e attempt here is a political solution. here, well, inside the princely crisis, perhaps as a counterweight to the center at the time of the vessel, he offers his son gleb to build a fortress at the confluence of the svislochin mussels, where some of the people of the minsk region will move for construction, because some of the people, apparently, the minks were taken prisoner someone died and it was necessary to reorient. actually this region. i think at first they slowly began to move, the boyars some left-wing people are the best, these are closer to the center, then artisans were drawn there, because there was a new market there,

they began to settle around and in the city. well, then the rest of the lyuts were left in this city only by the rural population, who, in fact, didn’t care where they lay to cultivate this territory, regardless of who nevertheless begins to build a fortress. i work on mega very quickly, the basis of its military power is artificial fortifications, which turn the city into a powerful frontier fortress and it ended here, uh, by the end of the eleventh century, at the beginning of the 12th century. it already was. here is a powerful city, powerful with walls , posad was formed, and dendrachronological nast and you stalin, what is the forest for? that is, as such, i clear the room out, velmihutka, confident surveying is a chronological term. on the other hand, such a velusar route could only be carried out at the sunset of the prince. these are

colossal resources, both financial and human, at that hour such for one person , this person was slava bracheslavovich. polonsky you are all glory, wizard well, what did they score? i'm not at the foot of the oval, and they put a birch. moreover, the rolls of the rolls are nine rolls of burning. here, the rank is better than him - it was a walking head 15 m . and this is a kilometer, and the mother is kilometers, and she hides that she was just buried. a ridge of hesitation gave this lock. kolya forty thousand trunks, only pines. moreover, the pines are young, there are 20-30 to more just buried 400.000. the princely court

had to be placed somewhere. well, in the most natural, but protected place, and for minsky, replacing this place could be just closer to the svisloch, closer to the wetland. this used to be a swamp between the sports palace and the modern sports center, it was a swamp. and there was this elevation. uh, handbrake, but it is possible that just at the end of the fifties, in my opinion, the fifty- sixth and seventh year, i can be mistaken, the construction began. cultural office mechanized equipment. and then it is possible that the territory where the princely court could be located was not excluded at the end of the 1960s. minsk faces a typical problem of many large cities. the existing road transport network can no longer cope with the multiple increased loads on it in the 1960s. the population of the city is rapidly

increasing almost twice to 900,000 inhabitants, but in the ussr there is an unspoken rule that a city whose population will reach a million inhabitants can get its own metro, which is happening in january 1972, the project of the first launch site approves in 1976 at the end of the seventies and eighties. this time can be said to be the golden time of belarusian archeology. this is also relevant in relation to the castle. and the subway was built, respectively, there was an opportunity to study the monument in large areas. we're the most vicious digs here in the area. uh, minsk from the site is excavations on nemeze, and brackets 84 85 the eighty-sixth year, when

you get to the metro station there and so to speak, we were already so preventive and then, let's say that excavations were of a rescue character. it was then. here was revealed the minsk gate, the minsk gate, which was studied actually m-m. the institute of history archaeologists in the minsk castle sees the views of the drevlyans inside uh tails. well, you can call mono somewhere the shafts, and they boasted about the faithful kind and rut. e passes the same buddha non-mecha subway station, it would be hidden. here is his. well, substructure to call them either then, by the way, it was planned and conservation was planned and certain to make an analogue, as in the birch bark museum, but that’s all did not fit. this excavation was covered with such, uh, dahomki. you can say that e he stood there oh mother, that for five years under

this daha and dale actually lived to fall apart, such a decision, how to fill up this excavation and fall asleep randomly. and the sand and it is hydroscopic, it passes in hell, and it passes through the wind, i will more than mention that you are in a place where we have expedite unearthed this roll. and you have nothing left of them alone the only stone structure on the territory of the minsk castle smells like archaeologists the foundations of the temple were found back in 1949. excavations show that the construction of the castle church began in the eleventh century. moreover, it has no analogues in the old russian monumental architecture, the foundation and the lower part of the walls. the temples are made of stone and lined with rectangular stone tiles . on lime mortar, the masonry technique, romanesque, characteristic of the

architecture of western europe, the temple, unfortunately, was not worthy. and this, in principle, is proved by archaeological materials obtained throughout the entire half. us the second half of the twentieth century, the foundations were built, and there, to a height of up to 1.10 m 20, and one two rows of walls were brought out. that's it, apparently. actually, the capture of gleb, a change in the geopolitical situation, led to the fact that this temple was never completed over the next 20-40 years there. it was used as hmm graveyard. and then there was construction over it. there are four tiers, there are wooden pavements, there is an outbuilding, and so on and so on, the main disputes among scientists are caused by the period of construction temple. some researchers believe that this is the second half of the 11th century, others date the construction to the end of the 11th century and the beginning of the twelfth

century and believe that the first minsk specific prince began to build it. gleb temple, not decorated, minsk yes, most likely there were some wooden temples, they are archaeologically known, but they have not yet been found on the territory of minsk . although there, but on the modern one, if we imagine minsk, yes, that is, this is the territory between the sports palace and a sportsman’s house, the so-called tatar vegetable garden, and there existed there, well, the so -called tract nikolka. here on a hill in a swampy area in the late forties of the xx century. vasily rodionovich tarasenko also conducts excavations, during which he discovers a burial and the remains of stones in stone can be associated, most likely with the remains of the foundation in the church, but the burials.

maybe it's a church burial. moreover, this burial, there were mounds and barrows without, and they fit somewhere in the period of the 13-14th century, apparently. so it is possible that one of the churches existed there a little further. she was taken out of the territory of the married woman, but she existed there, because it is clear that for such a city there could be more than one church. the next stage in the study of the minsk castle dates back to the beginning of the 21st century, excavations are carried out by a group of archaeologists led by yuri afanasyevich zayets v. at the same time, work is underway related to the promising museumification of the heart of the city, but scientists still have a number of unresolved issues. in fact. this is detinets, that is, the fortified part of the city. but er, as a rule, hmm, the territory of the ancient russian city was not

limited only to this most well-protected, well-fortified part around. posadas appeared in this central part over time. these are not fortified trade and craft settlements, since the first post-war splits, scientists have been wondering. and where, after all, these unfortified settlements were located already in the forties years ago. cleaner vasily rodionovich tarasenko is looking for posad carries out work on the territory of the so-called tatar gardens in the modern sense. this is the area around the sports palace, and there he uh identified ceramics that dated back to the time of the kneading, so it was concluded that the passat was located there, but uh, only there or somewhere else in other places. it was so easy not to mention the excavations carried out in 2007 on

the territory of the bernardine monastery under the leadership of yuri kolosovsky also bearing fruit with the shelter of 2007 on the territory during archaeological excavations on the territory of the bernardine monastery, yuri kolosovsky, archaeologist, historian, senior researcher at the museum of the history of the city of minsk, was discovered. ancient russian posad of ancient minsk , that is, of that time. when it actually arises, this city among the archaeological materials were found handicrafts and, most importantly, amazing trade seals of the eleventh-twelfth centuries, which just give reason to assume that the trade and craft posad was its original place, as once was upper city area. as a result of all these

numerous long-term studies, which are being repeated, and now, as part of the supervision of earthworks and construction work, they have made it possible to clarify. uh, posad's localization was understandable. now it is known that not fortified settlements are located not only where the palace of sports, but are also located in the area of ​​​​e, rakovskoye in the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthis territory, which will later be inhabited in rakovsky objects. many can ask their questions if gorodishche on a small loses its former meaning anonymously , a new castle is being successfully built. why the city does not get a name, but all the time it's simple. and having buried all his hair, he took under his wing, let's say this parish, which spoiled the new castle. the bottom of the hair is still left at least one such minsk and

all who came here. well, i think that for the hands, of course, but everyone who comes went to the minsk felt umensky hair got up and that, calling the capital of this volost a natural tire for menses. yes, i crossed, uh, dada here to minsk on the svisloch and the centuries-old history of the city is of great interest not only among scientists, but also society as a whole , time is writing new pages in a large book on the history of belarus, and knowledge about our ancestors and our roots and motherland requires constant study and addition. perspective, and the archaeological city has a historical prospect of troops yak in all of us, the lord, over the course of a thousand-year history, minsk

burns to the ground many times, its inhabitants die, but it always revives and becomes prettier, of course, there are still questions and topics for controversy a lot, but the main thing for us is to maintain interest in the study of the origins of our capital and the whole country.

lord

lord glory to you on your way for the sake of god

the sun and your water we will sit on fire around the power of god