[000:00:00;00] and one of which is poetry, and the second is prose and painting, they asked to be able to organize this excursion in the palace of independence, which symbolize today not only our independent sovereign country, belarus, but if they symbolize, then the state of society, then the peaceful state of society, in which today we are with you, and you these minutes with the history of the palace of independence and its decoration get acquainted with the representatives of the national airport of minsk and employees of the white. these are the main events to this minute see you at 19:00. objectively, peace and creation is a concentrated expression of what can be conditionally called the national idea in the first lines. we are belarusians, peaceful

people. even without it. we are always for peace. if you work here, work, find your niche in public life. you can develop here and reach a certain limit. further more, faster, stronger, we are building bridges of friendship and roads of prospects, we need to work. we need to rely on our family , on those people who are in belarus who work for creation and for the world as a whole, which we, as a family, are ready with those who and what to fight for, watch on belarus 24 tv channel . in the hands of the book, leafing through page after page, greedily tasting every word from all

manifestations of human creativity and worthy of attention. these are books within books. everything that mankind has done has been preserved, as if by magic on the pages of books, reading a person survives centuries. reading brings

generations closer to the value of the past for our present. a loud explosion in the center of amsterdam woke up the city when people got enough sleep from the houses, acrid smoke, already enveloped the entire street of such a fire, the city still i didn’t see flames escaping from the windows of a burning house, muffled explosions. an ominous flash terrified burned. not just a home workshop of an artillery engineer and pyrotechnics. the first witnesses to the fire that shot down told about a huge ball that flew out of the owner’s window in the turmoil, they didn’t look for the flames not to spread to neighboring buildings, the townspeople tried to extinguish the house itself, completely liters, gray, and gunpowder, only in the morning somehow at the site of the laboratory . what remains is black friday. grabbed by the owner

of the workshop was not, for sure. died along with manuscripts, diagrams, drawings , rumors about the causes of fires spread around the city. the pyrotechnician burned out not by chance they began to remember. who was the owner of the workshop, a visiting engineer from the grand duchy of lithuania, kazimir semenovich about a scientist from near vitebsk, the whole world spoke later isaac newton, the author of the three laws of mechanics , the russian emperor peter i and the french commander turned to his works. napoleon bonaparte prepared troops for battles, studying the book of kazimir semenovich in the 20th century, the world- famous inventor konstantin tselkovsky referred to the ideas of his belarusian colleague, finally the nasa space agency recognized him as one of the main assistants to astronautics. to investigate the fire in the house of the pyrotechnics, the governor of sturtam instructed

an experienced detective, lieutenant de vries. he was to find out what happened at night in the engineer's laboratory, find out the fate of semenovich and uncover the mystery of the mysterious fire. fires in the wooden cities of holland happened often. at first, the case of semenovich seemed to the lieutenant to be a simple obvious trace, no arson was found. also, the owner of the house engaged in pyrotechnics and artillery out playing with fire. suddenly, the detective was summoned a little bit to the palace of the archduke of austria to meet with lieutenant de vries, the leopold fund himself, the habsburg brother of the holy

roman emperor ferdinand of the third austrian grand master order during the thirty years' war, the commander of the austrian troops, became widely known, as a patron of painting, his collection became basis for the vienna museum of kunsthistorisches author of numerous poems in italian, what did the detective find at the scene of the fire, are there any suspicious traces? there is nothing suspicious. you know he did. artillery pyrotechnics play with fire, and a lot of fire witnesses talk about some kind of fireball, for sure the fireworks exploded the ball. spectacularly he was an artist. it always surprised me in him

semenovich, he is an artilleryman, isn't artillery an art. have you read his book, the great art of artillery art? the great majority of the artillery of kazimir semenovich actually land on one of the main boundaries about the history and biography of the morning itself. we know approximately satisfied that kazimir semenovich, who was born in 1600, moved from one side. e, the grand duchy of the lithuanian commonwealth is such a confederal power. one step at vilmeni is a calm chance of constants. uh, military pirutrubation of warriors is half a hundred. xvii century, one after another , warriors with sweden and

the ottoman empire swept across the commonwealth, relations did not develop, and the unrest and polish intervention with moscow led to a protracted confrontation between the country was bleeding. i swear, belarusian investigators. and kazimir semenovich lost weight in uh, the poor prince can be said to the gentry city of semenovich near dubrovna that not far from the terrible porsha of the father , kazimir semenovich’s brother-in-law and hmm, they trimmed yaga from one side, and the science of alihiba, for how he took full sovereign , maybe political settlements, maybe he became adrenovity, but a military commander, and hmm , you can take up some, insha and a career could split the great self-interest, not only wash around the thunderclap. a specifically, far , surnames shlya. koi surnames are always newbies

and choices. it is strange that the book turned, but it is mentioned. in it things are far from the shells of the guns. at some mystical rites , a huge number of people of both sexes and all ages gathered on the streets of cities, as well as in the meadows, so that round dances and cheerful dances would be led by many lit bonfires. the lieutenant tried to imagine. this spectacle of fire fascinates the young gentry kazimir semenovich, who, hiding behind the trees , is watching the mystical rite of bathing. footprints semenovich found the fiery element everywhere in books on mathematics and physics, the works

of alchemists and treatises of philosophers. semenovich himself writes to his own that i read books from everyone, you could find at that hour and it seems that with his cottage cheese he brings pain for two hundred roots, if it seemed to me that i had not learned or tried something yet, although all this happened with great loss of my property. young and slender experimenters, um, ending her career in poverty, she is already a brotherhood and such a forest could stand in front of kazimir, semenovich kazimir semyonovich, familiar to the prince, under a sly one word, under the armchair of the king ’s guardianship, and guardianship over him, i am so dimming that already e, not about the twenties, but the eighteenth

centenary of the land semyonovich, spent mercy. eh, the most great prince and king, and vladislav has a vase of albu vladislav the king of speech with the successes of the gate. and this requires a strong army and modern weapons on the belarusian lands of artillery, which appeared in the fourteenth century. the first guns. they looked frightening, they were decorated with iron fangs wings claws and scales. the real fire bite surprised their helplessness , the heavy, clumsy guns were served by a whole group of soldiers, while the accuracy of the impact of the guns of that time was low or almost blind until the 17th century. guns were ordered from foreign masters by armory yards. carefully guarded professional secrets of making guns surrounded reutov and superstition, king vladislav understood the future for

artillery. he even established a special rank for those who wanted to serve in such troops. adelman in swedish nobleman, military rank in the commonwealth was established in 1634 by specialists. the title was awarded to graduates of the royal artillery school, as well as to outstanding privates in artillery, in order to increase the prestige of the profession. all sorts of privileges they could travel around europe at the expense of the treasury in order to learn from the experience of gunners from other countries and the knowledge of engineers

from european universities a new format of international relations, where every step has a diplomatic significance, these exits should make us not weaker, but stronger. everyone should know this so that people of different points of view can hear each other, if we do not want to hear each other, why it is important to meet not to receive super profits from the sale of natural resources. there's something else enrichment of some units. yes , and what, in other words, you did for the motherland, how you develop your native country, watch on belarus 24 tv channel

. for new knowledge, semenovich went to dutch pyrotechnics. they were considered the best in europe, but lieutenant de vries turned to them to find out about semenovich’s life in amsterdam, remember that he was well known here, but the reluctance to talk about the engineer, the lieutenant felt something was hiding, to draw out a few words. only managed to have a young apprentice

that you know adore? experiments ask, i don’t want the master to hear our conversation and grasp immediately when he first came to us and kept everything measured. he counts and writes down. i didn’t like him anyway, we were jealous of him or something, and also they say much i don’t understand, yet. maybe one of yours is involved in the fire, no, they couldn't. we are generally walked. semenovich first came to the netherlands

as a young man, and free rich amsterdam attracted scientists. and artists merchants and artisans from all over europe, but the engineer thought little of art or trade even at night. he spent in the pyrotechnic workshops that the shmat is more important than yong ae, batshit in practice. it seems to me that the fire of a military war is a war for relief. uh, the netherlands learned its independence from spain and he himself is an asabista, and carnival at the siege of special settlements and fortresses, and at the privacy of the reporting house, that it is, uh, a fishing rod for the siege of a fortress. semenovich's laboratories became the battlefields in the service, he met the habsburgs the monarch immediately noticed the energetic and brave litvin, who deftly controlled the cannon and decided to join the habsburg army. kazim semenovich succeeded. not just

paradox, but on someone else's war. he went out to defend his guesses and calculations, however, the senseless death of soldiers on the battlefield gave rise to other sad thoughts. military discovery multiplied day by day and beyond the distorted minds of evil people. and from the general misfortune from the distorted mind of evil people. you want to understand. he invents weapons and immediately calls military discovery evil. although, the evil one himself generates it. and such contradictions came across to the lieutenant, at every step, on the one hand, semenovich described in detail the device of the guns, revealed the secrets of pyrotechnics, and on the other, opposed the war

in general, and therefore against the development of military science. one of the intrigues of lessius kazimir semenovich and may be the most important mystery food is announced, they divide the steps, the doctor released his book, the great bridge of artillery, ikebu in this sans god, harnessing my new asia artillery and good luck, we fell out of mass conflicts of sharp e, warriors, among whom more than a few tens of these hundreds were thrown. eh, a man sometimes fought many medieval battles, but tens of thousands, hundreds of thousands of people died, in theory, the so-called smolensk war was a confidant and he was talking about the war of 1632-34, and privacy at the siege of the storming of the white fortress. the war between the russian kingdom and the commonwealth of 1632-34 was

declared by the russian tsar mikhail fedorovich in order to take possession of the smolensk lands and gain access to the black and baltic seas , the main goal of the russian garrisons, smolensk managed to defend. however, the enemy captured a small white fortress and on march 22, 1634 , the troops of the commonwealth besieged the city , but failed to take it by storm, attempts to dig and flood the fortress to crush its walls turned out. king, vlatislav, the fourth instructed the royal artillery, the engineers decided to dig a long underground into the gallery and blow up the walls with landmines, when the infantry was ready to storm an explosion, but the engineers were mistaken, the explosion claimed the lives of their zhevs of polish

infantrymen . with fire again artillery, pyrotechnics and distant highways - this is the most common today. eh, slow. yes. uh, well, the knees of the naughty ones, then, in the film of the naughty ones , it was not a fish, not a skillful cross artillery, their own people threw their uh forces, military forces, when the shell hit, past the target, the gunners believed that the gun was not in the spirit today. you need to ask for help from the saints instead of the scientific search for prayers and conspiracies. semenovich vinyl, in the defeat of only ignorance and superstition of fidelity, is another matter, the enlightened holland country was experiencing its golden age, trade was in full swing, science was developing, art was flourishing. they did it here, actually. drunk eyk rembrandt, perhaps under the impression of the paintings of the great masters, and kazimir semenovich became

to treat artillery as an art, he returned to his homeland completely. i'm a desktop she's all a dealer in the implementation of her ideas, good from the right. you sometimes take it with kerosene, a bucket, i lower it all for 2 weeks. it all gets wet. then i put on rubber gloves . and this must be brought to the state of shiny metal. we throw garbage and hear what it teaches, and there is a box and two such fluffies, well, such fluffy beautiful ones. in general, stunned. what beautiful fluffies were, their unkemptness and attracting respect i grew up about 300 varieties of evgshee people in belarus, and i interacted with a thousand belarusians. project yaks know you can handle your favorite davits and good luck people.

probably, when all your close people, all those around you live in love consent when it seems to me, and myself. comfortable, right? the lieutenants frisk were perplexed if kazimir semenovich returned to the commonwealth to do what he loved. if he wanted to improve artillery for the benefit of his

country, then why should he publish a book in the netherlands and, most importantly, why publish it in general, a textbook for artists and pyrotechnicians full of military secrets, and after the publication of the book. they became available to everyone. your grace, i'm sorry to disturb you, but there are questions that only you can answer. allowed to print this book, let's say a book in which semenovich trumpeted military secrets to the whole world, moreover, why do i ask? i just want to understand for what

purpose. why look for a conspiracy in this case, the head of this conspiracy is in front of you. why do you think this book was impossible publish in his home country? natural food in warsaw, not in krakow, there is a version associated with full biographical facts, with the service of the academy, the governors usually nodding the crown artillery, with their kirovnik, not in 1646, after a long trip around europe, the talented adele and man kazimir semenovich returned to his homeland in the commonwealth and again entered the service of vladislav iv in just 2 years he was appointed deputy chief of the royal artillery, the position was honorary and

responsibility was not happy about this only the chief of artillery himself, shishtaforteshevsky an energetic, educated opponent appeared on the horizon, artishevsky did not show his displeasure. i waited for his new deputy to make a mistake. on may 28, 1648, artillery engineer kazimir semenovich issued 100 dutch muskets from the military arsenal and did not demand 60 copies of payment, why, if he has in his hands a written order of the great lithuanian convoy samuil osinsky, the detachment, setting off for battle , has the right to receive weapons, but artishevsky semyonovich did not agree. he had a different version of events since the artilleryman did not require payment. this means that he already received it bypassing the treasury, he accused semenovich of stealing

state money. he was declared a liar and a thief throughout the kingdom. right now, when scientists have completed an invention that will change the military history of the commonwealth , drawings of a new light, swift weapon are already ready. pyrotechnics was known before semenovich according to one of the legends. the first rocket was launched into china, but further pyrotechnics almost never developed rocket used mainly for festive fireworks. to design a rocket weapon was not enough, neither theory nor practice, scientists involved in jet propulsion understood the movement of a rocket, not in the way semenovich said and not in the way he interprets himself now, but understood as follows that the rocket moves due to the fact that the flowing

powder gases of people involved, including jet propulsion until the beginning of the twentieth century, only in 1910, american scientists robert goderrt conducted simple experiment. launched a rocket in an airless space. so it flew out into the air with nothing to do with the rocket pushing forward powder gases kazimir semenovich discovered this back in 1650. the fire regains its power when it flows out of more power to throw the rocket forward. it would seem that the mystical phrase has nothing to do with physics, but in it semenovich practically formulated newton's third law, by the way , the famous physicist was then only 7 years old. when rocket fuel burns, burns, in addition to the fact that there is fire, there is pressure from these combustion gases and they fly out through the nozzle and

in this way. having great pressure, they repel and, according to the law of counteraction , push the rocket at the same time the theory, a jet propulsion of rockets and jet ammunition. he came up with a brilliant idea. strictly speaking, only in other words , the words of that time in the middle of the xvii century. here it is a new force that will make the army of the commonwealth invincible and ensure the security of the country forever. stop the wars in the homeland of the scientist. however, if the royal court finds casemer semyonovich guilty of theft to the artillery, they would no longer let him in, and semenovich asked for an audience with the king himself. not so long ago, the country buried the patron saint of artillery, vladislav iv, and the throne passed to

his younger brother, jan ii had heard a lot about the gentry near vitebsk. yes, i was a court sparker, tishevsky, he was already informed. he did not really believe in the accusation. semenovich did not look like a thief and decided to figure it out. the engineer himself, told the monarch both about the court case and about his scientific search for new artillery, which would strengthen the country's military property after short conversation. on the second i personally acquitted kazimir semyonovich left the castle free of charges, but the disappointed monarch did not appreciate his invention of staying at home. after this story, semenovich did not want him here, they did not understand him, they did not support him soon. he left the polish-lithuanian commonwealth, perhaps amsterdam , the city of science and the arts, will appreciate

his discoveries. we will introduce you to belarusians who deliberately exchanged the city for the countryside when we left already, as you have been here for 30 years this summer will be anniversary 30 years in the workshop. why is this a country house? well, you could do wood carving and watch. well, let's say in some kind of workshop, but at the same time live in an apartment. i like music very much. i love the horn. well, the classic i want to say that under the metal. if i work for me, the productivity of labor is at least 300% higher, they believed in themselves and in their strength and, overcoming all difficulties, achieved results. in your favorite business, a rural modern person. you see, your house is absolutely impossible to confuse with any to others and here, i see, everything is in gears.

yes. well, yes. watch the program i am from the village on our tv channel. semenovich to print a book and it seemed crazy to me, but he convinced me, he treated artillery as art great art. i make little sense of it. well you have a tutorial for at least half. party prima part one yes, i noticed. and what about the second? so it's your job to find out. was there a second one, if there was, where is it now, do you think it has something to do with

the fire? who else? behind the first volume of the book the great art of artillery in europe was going on, a real hunt, gunners of pyrotechnics from different countries dreamed of getting a copy , the book was translated into french, engineers and the military carefully studied the developments of semenovich, they were especially struck by the discovery in the field of pyrotechnics and rocket science. i looked through all the literature that existed at that time, but he lived in the center of europe and nowhere did i find information that a hole could be made in solid fuels, and so he painted for the first time. uh, rocket fuel scheme, where in the center i made a cone

this hole, the wedge, is still used today in all powder solid rocket engines, if there was just a hole right here and it would just be set on fire, it would all burn evenly and would not create much thrust, and due to the fact that the cone-shaped hole with every moment of burning . the burning area increases and the thrust of the engine and the simple one it would seem that the line in the drawing kazimir semenovich proposed to bandage the rocket in the tail, in other words , to narrow the juice pressure, the fire increases, which means that the active force also grows and how consequence of speed. they were caught by supreme fools not reported by private one, in my opinion, drug addiction is more characteristic that it was not afraid of her. open light. here it is the amnitsa of his workshop and the ocean came off his cuts according to the mind, what is closedness?

the development of science itself, i am on a straight line, i am its boundary and do not have time to turn around to the fullest, if a burning lamp brings a thousand unlit ones closer so that they are lit for it, then the first lamp will not lose either its oil or its flame. with a heart full of sincerity, i revealed what was dishonest to hide serve the common good to serve the common good. general good. that was the key, but how can one serve humanity by inventing a murder weapon? the printing house of the publisher jan janson smelled of wood

and fresh paint. the scientist could do so much more. or he just didn't want to keep it here. there were reasons to fear someone, there were reasons not to trust anyone. i myself was afraid to keep this manuscript afraid, of course you saw what kind of inventions there? yes, any monarch would have made semenovich rich for the manuscript so he would have sold semenovich was obsessed with science art. let rockets serve venus better

than bloodthirsty mars, and i say this in the book. it is possible, although it seems to me that semenovich himself fooled everyone around his finger, setting fire to his house, and taking the manuscript with him, the new version seemed unlikely to the defreeze, how valuable inventions should be in order to cost a scientist his life, what helped this science of this mastery, humanity can please costs and what stand any fortress can be mixed and torn eclairs. semenovich understood little to make a rocket quickly smooth flight and perfect hit. that's what is important in a bird, it is the tail or a large claw

for arrows that invented plumage. and what about the rocket? how to make it so that the chinese also made a rocket there, that is, there were different forms of stabilizing systems for these stabilizers. well, as a rule, they were, corresponding to their age, let's say so in antiquity to everything. and here we are seeing a completely modern version of absolutely, which is now relevant and is used on models of elegant stroke and semenovich's shells , triangular and deltoid wings appeared. now his missiles could maintain a given trajectory. this means that you no longer need to ask the gods for an accurate shot. the speed of a rocket depends on such parameters as the thrust of the rocket, which we have already talked about, and on the mass of the launch rocket and on the mass of the rocket on the trajectory, than this mass will be less, than the speed of the rocket will be more than the book that semenovich wrote in the middle of the 17th century. we

find and drawing a sketch of a multi-stage rocket. and as he imagined it today , everyone knows that to go into space from our planet. only possible on multi-stage rocket. we see here three shells in a row. here is the smallest and, in fact, the largest body of the first stage. and so, it means that we set fire to burns. first stage. a squeeze charge is ignited through this hole, which, exploding , sets fire to the second stage and at the same time throws this second stage out of the first stage from here, in the same way, the second stage flies further, the burnt-out engine of the ignition. the embroidery charge fires again, the third stage is set on fire and the last third rocket flies away, the smallest, the most a multi-stage rocket appeared was another version of its design, a longitudinal main rocket surrounded by several additional ones

that play their role in the history of science for 250 years. later, space exploration will begin with it. kazimir semyonovich gas-projectively about the space of his father's spaceships, it is important thuja for inshaaboku that such djs firmly-zemir semenovich, filled with sense, again cured with his achievements, and not just ahead of the curve and created a new chance, they had a new prodygma to adopt a new one, to the world. really. who knows what would have left would not show up, and such creators worsened , leonardo da vinci comes to us and owe to the outburst kazimir semenovich ea parsed a whole sherakh of new ideas. so, several versions of the house could have been set on fire by pyrotechnics workshops. the book burned their security secrets. this time

we suspect. all the more or less noticeable armies of europe, scientists simply fled with the second tom , turned everyone around their fingers with a fake fire. hertz, standing at the window without turning around and without even greeting the lieutenant immediately asked there are several news versions of your lordship, and the second volume has not been found. we found traces in the printing house of the book itself, but the printer saw the manuscript and we will continue the investigation. we do not know from the end of life to from the world,

we do not know semenovich. yakino, died about these furnishings. it can be said that immediately, where he lived, it was a chance for none of this non -careless rabble. uh, how to show on kolki and these are inhuman instruments, uh, which the trapper hands of people naturally demanded, how to say? and kazimir semyonovich is to eat it was professional. i would show that to demand to assensify that , and what a trapel your hand has and think not only about today's mind, what calls a person they are ready, and so he wants to open humanity to equate emotions in all ukraine. as numb as they were originally, the great art of artillery, published in german english

dutch fortunal and polish , was the main textbook for artists in europe for two centuries. time was attributed to the russian engineer konstantin tsiolkovsky, the german