relaxation i believe that it is very important for a person to realize himself. to develop what is laid down for him to develop his talents and abilities, and i believe that he needs his own destiny, as it will be only when he is useful to others, when he makes life better for his close fellow countrymen. and since i was condemned to stay in my small homeland, to stay on the land of my ancestors in the house we are their ancestors, therefore, i think that this corner of our

woodland needs to be made better, more beautiful, more attractive. it is possible to create something for our region, this there will be a manor or something else, but there are plans, and i hope that all my ideas are all mine.

creative initiatives will come true postscript program today we are visiting our studio very klinkovich first deputy chairman of the supreme court we are celebrating the centennial anniversary of the supreme court of belarus on the eve of a pleasant date let

's start our conversation by telling a little about history and why april 15 was chosen here is the starting point for this story. well, the fact is that after the great october socialist revolution in for several years. e, the process of formation of the young belarusian soviet state was going on. it must also be remembered that in the nineteenth year the formation of the bssr was proclaimed and by 1923. here ended the civil war recaptured foreign intervention. and just the same, in this period it became possible. e, active formation e of our national state and legal system, but in relation to judicial activity. this was followed gradually from the people with the building. and we are already well known and the usual three-tier judicial system.

here its construction actually ended with the adoption on march 30, 1923 of the decision of the central executive committee of the bssr on the approval of the regulation on the judiciary of the bssr , which provided for the creation of the supreme court . - some activities. maybe they are planning how to celebrate in this plan. we host a wide range of events more right, since last year. here we are, on the pages of our magazine ship's bulletin, we carry out a number of publications on the history of belarusian justice. and, of course , this year. this practice will have to continue. she 2 weeks ago at our sites. an international scientific and practical conference was held at the supreme court on the topic of the history of belarusian justice and the supreme court, as a component of this

history, which was attended by judges of international courts and representatives of the supreme court of the russian federation in honor of anniversary, implemented a fairly large number of projects. eh, among them. i would also say that, for example, today the national bank of the republic of belarus has put into circulation a coin, which is legal tender for the centenary of the supreme court of the republic of belarus to the broader masses, if the publication is still aimed, probably more for special art, and the supreme court will hold a ceremony of special cancellation of a postage stamp also issued in honor of the centenary of the supreme court of belarus the project has been implemented not only with the participation of the supreme court. and, accordingly, the ministry of informatization communications and our national postal operator. belpochta uh, beltin radio company are preparing, uh, in the canon of anniversary events, the release of a film dedicated to the history of the supreme court of belarus

, separately, of course, it should be said about our anniversary edition, which i will be happy to show to our viewers. and this is a book published in honor of the anniversary , courts of professional historians again took part in its creation. when working on this book some new facts. it is very interesting that, for example, we asked a question. here, describing the history of the creation of the supreme court building. where was our building located? here uh, twenties. uh, thanks to uh, a request from the national archives was able to find out that uh was the very first building located. uh, at karl marx 5 , this is the current building of the state control committee, for example, the building was also located on freedom square, not far from the cathedral of our country, the building was located on sverdlov 18, they did it in vain emphasis on the historical aspect , in order to emphasize the continuity of tradition,

because both 100 years ago and now the servants of the law were guided by such, you know , the basic principles of observing the law of law and justice, by the way, such is the title of the book. well, if we go back to the present for 100 years, surely the judicial system, including the supreme court , has changed and transformed a lot, if we talk about the most significant changes in recent years, which are devoted to various kind of events and, uh, the judiciary has never separated itself from the people of the side it serves from those, uh, and sorrows and joys that accompanied our belarusian history. e, therefore, together with the country and the supreme court, a period of very difficult restoration of the soviet state was doubled. years, then judges, other employees of the supreme court, uh, then there was a very difficult period of restoring

the national economy in the post-war years and building a strong soviet state, where the role of the judiciary was also very significant in terms of ensuring the legality of protecting the legitimate rights and interests of our citizens. unfortunately, we had to go through the collapse of the great country called the soviet union and these are sad events. eh, in general, it did. that milestone, from which the history of the modern supreme court of the republic of belarus and the modern justice of the sovereign belarusian state is being built and is already being formed. inheritance, as they say, from past times, we now have a three-tier construction of this territoriality and specializations. we, uh, see that this is the structure of the courts that we have historically developed. it is whether our state is optimal, it is as close as possible to

the needs of the country's population, it makes access to human justice as comfortable as possible. in whatever corner of our motherland he lives, of course, uh, teplinskopnost remains unshakable - this is high professionalism and a desire to give oneself. eh, and the willingness to give everything and without a trace to the cause of serving justice, of course. uh, that material shell in which today justice is done has changed slightly. yes, she hasn't changed much. she has changed very significantly and all these changes. the bulk, of course, is connected with the events that took place after 2013, when the president of the country decided to form a unified system of courts of general jurisdiction headed by the supreme court. and we had to solve a lot of fairly complex tasks related to the transfer

to the supreme court of the function of personnel support for material and technical supply. e of the entire system of courts general jurisdiction. what functions does the supreme court now perform, because well, for an average person who has not encountered this, the supreme court is an instance that is not always clear. yes , what are they handling and responsible for what? well, in the sense of directly administering justice, this supreme court is today the highest and judicial instance, uh, on which u lies u, the duty to consider complaints of protests against judicial decisions of lower courts , checking the legality of the validity of these decisions, uh, a whole range of categories uh criminal civil economic cases

today is their consideration in the competence of the supreme court, as a court of first instance, but uh, directly the administration of justice. this is just a part of our powers, and i would say today that the main task of the supreme court is precisely this. with the performance of such organizational coordinating and guiding functions in relation to courts of all levels, and in all areas of judicial activity, including, as i said, both personnel and logistical security. here are the reforms of 2013, as we call it. she allowed. uh, well, in practice, it is very clear to implement the constitutional principle of judicial people's activities on the part of other branches of state power, so today, uh, the supreme court heads them, coordinates the work on the selection and

placement of personnel in the judicial systems and on their training and retraining. e on the organization of the process of justice itself, so that in our gardens at all levels, cases are considered in a timely manner with a high level of organization and culture of supervisors functions. well, as we say, supervisory, nevertheless, there are quite a lot of them, again, in our competence of the organization, i work with material and technical equipment. and what is super topical today is the issues of computerization of judicial activity. you too keep up with the times. i understand that e-government e- supreme court - this does not sound like a fantasy. i don’t know, maybe we’ll take a step further, how it will develop further. this is exactly where artificial intelligence will take participation in justice. well, of course, the topic of artificial intelligence in justice today, without bias, is very relevant today.

so she is very fashionable yes and uh in the period that translated from english so he smartphone courts are the so-called smart courts, but they are called smart in translation from english by no means because only smart people work there, the idea is somewhat different. we are here for now. at this stage, we solved and continue to solve such still more mundane tasks in terms of informatization of justice, this is the development and improvement electronic document management. it's in a smart way. eh, everything is online, and something in this regard is already being obtained, in particular. here are the possibilities of electronic appeal to the courts with statements of claim. she is quite in demand. just the same, in economic legal proceedings, but this is understandable for business entities in this regard, so far there are much more opportunities and those technical ones than ordinary citizens, who

, uh, are more focused on the direct filing of an application for direct participation in consideration of your case. and these factors also need to be taken into account. and as for the artificial intelligence of justice, the topic is actually quite complex and there are many ideas, many developments, including foreign ones, uh, which, for example, uh, allow and facilitate such cheese-making. judges, how to study the regulatory framework here on the subject of the dispute that it considers. eh, the study and selection of judicial practice on the application of a particular rule of law is quite relevant, because it is valid for the correct resolution and you are informational, and now, if we talk about the development of artificial intelligence in justice, then today we are thinking, first of all, on this side , the participation of machines and judging robots and i don’t think

that in the foreseeable future, in our republic of belarus, robots will begin to judge a person , therefore, in terms of the development of artificial intelligence. e individuals who are able to deeply delve into not only purely legal, but also moral aspects related to the consideration of a particular case and adopt not only laws, but also really weighted hard-won and fair decisions. well, you really need to understand that in order to create an objective, but reasonable judicial neural network. uh, you need to create such algorithms that will not only be like-artificial intelligence, but train psychological susceptibility or empathy. and these are mandatory personality traits. the judges are first. well, you know what an interesting point is that now there is an active discussion of spheres. and well, part of the audience begins to more and more, uh, seriously discuss

the question of the need to establish in advance the boundaries of such interference, the boundary of the introduction of artificial intelligence due to the increase in the importance of the ethical content of the legal profession, and this profession to a greater extent consists of the legacy of tolstoy and dostoevsky, so to speak, figuratively, than it is difficult to argue with this newfangled digital devices . it seems to me that judges of the supreme court will always proceed from such a postulate. how does one become a judge of the supreme court? what are the requirements? how to become, i understand that first of all, this is a legal education, right? well, according to the general requirement contained in the code of the judiciary and the status of judges of the republic of belarus, in principle, a candidate for the position of a judge of a court of general jurisdiction of any level can be a citizen of the republic of belarus who has reached the age of 25, who speaks state languages, who have higher legal

education with qualification of a lawyer or a lawyer with a consciousness of economics older than work in the specialty for at least three years of this deeds. traditional exam. here is such a long list of requirements to become a judge of the supreme court of the republic of belarus. maybe a person who has at least 5 years of experience as a judge , the law makes an exception for the composition of the judicial collegium and in cases of intellectual property of the supreme court, a person can be appointed to its composition, which uh, well , has no such experience and education, but it does. uh, some work experience in the field of patenting. but this is explained very simply, because the subject uh, research, uh, that's forensic colleagues. it is quite specific and

requires not only legal knowledge, but also knowledge in other areas. e related patents often come from young people. they say. i want to be a judge of how long such a conditional bench is, how people really enjoy it. enough people come to this profession, they don’t graduate, they don’t receive higher education. i mean, i want to be a judge. this is probably coming to this gradually in process, it immediately happens in different ways, uh, a certain part of the current judicial corps. she started her career. e in the apparatus of the district courts, your obedient servant. at one time he also worked in the apparatus of the district court. eh, if we talk about the personnel reserve today, then there are more than 300 people in the reserve for appointment to the position of a district judge across the country today. deficiency. there are no personnel, there is no shortage of candidates, the question is already all the strict requirements, of course it is worth it. eh, it's not. maybe a person possessing uh, well, not only

appropriate baggage of legal knowledge, but it must be a person who is able to, uh, make decisions, take responsibility for them and with all his behavior in the service and in complex professions corresponds to the image of this very complex profession and uh, because today. the age of our judiciary, uh, 65% are people over the age of 40. these are quite experienced and mature people, therefore , today, if we imagine the entire system of courts of general jurisdiction, then these are several generations of lawyers of people of fate at once, who, by joint efforts, exercise the judicial power in the country, of course, a man or a woman. but, if in general, according to the system, then more than 63% of women take responsibility for 37 men. uh, the supreme court, somewhat, on the contrary, 44% are women, and 56% are men.

well, somewhere it's fashionable now to talk about gender equality. this is it, to a greater extent. we succeeded here, but it was not caused by some , well, special events. this is how life itself unfolds, because, well, look today at the main composition students of law schools someone yes , ladies, lovely ladies, i prefer this term, but, objectively, for many years. uh, well, legal education in our country to a greater extent is received by a female person from ati, we explain a lot, how hard the work of a judge is in general, i don’t know, for example, how many a district court judge has a case in progress at a time . after all, it is necessary to delve into every last year at all levels, from the district to the supreme court. uh, consider

space really. this is so a few years ago there were a few more of them, including more than 30-7,000 head cases. e 185.000 civil cases. more than 200,000 cases of administrative offenses have been considered in economic cases under 70,000. that is, if we talk about the average workload per judge of a district court, then last year it was, uh, 64. well, sixty-five, if we round up the case of materials per month, of course, in sudak capital, it is somewhat more burden on the judge of the economic court , too, it was somewhat higher. it's 78-79. del per month. that is. well, in principle, today we are saying that this load is, on the whole, feasible, taking into account. well, taking into account, again, it is necessary to make a reservation about the opportunities that the law

provides, well, somewhat simplifying the procedure for the consideration itself, well, undeniable simple, simple and obvious cases in order to save a reserve of working time for judges to consider more complex ones. well , of course, he does not invest in the working time limit, as it is written in the labor code, but as a rule, he does not invest even a judge of the supreme court, and not because he is not there he manages to read some papers or write something, because in general, uh, the concept of working time for a judge is a very conditional thing, even when out of service. well, in the usual home environment e reluctantly. e. you scroll again. eh, in your head you think over the circumstances of a complex case. uh, the alleged decisions in such a case , you sort out the legal situation into its components with yourself so as not to be mistaken. therefore, as

we say, the judge is almost always in the service, but again, when you go out, uh, outside your building court and uh, you get into the lord, you also work with people, because everyone was looking at you. about the judges that are formed in society, and i would like to ask another question. how do you assess the culture of legal culture, especially of our citizens, how high it is today. it seems to me that, uh, to start a conversation about legal culture in general, and even more so about its assessments, uh, which to give, which i probably have no right to. uh, you need to start with educating a person with a sense of respect for the law. this is not an easy task, but it seems to me that the judicial system has that huge potential, and the impact on the formation of this need in society by conscious legal behavior on the formation of precisely this legal

culture, if we define it as a general state of legality. uh, legally literate broad masses, uh, the degree of guarantee by the state of human rights and freedoms compliance with the law, each of us then evaluate this level. it can be as follows how people citizens can navigate in the space of legal norms and rules, that is, how understandable this system is. uh, to what extent they know their rights and obligations and can use them, and finally, to what extent they are ready to abide by the law and respect it. here in this coordinate system. here, nothing affects the level of legal culture so much as a personal example of the standard personal behavior of a professional in any field in the judiciary. moreover, i agree here with valery leonidovich that a judge cannot stop being a judge by leaving his gown in the courtroom in the deliberation room in his office. he remains them both in the house of the house and in everyday life both in the store and on the street, and therefore

he must behave as if he is constantly being filmed, a hidden camera. at one time, in their conditions, i would very clearly distinguish between legal literacy and legal culture , the level of legal literacy of the belarusian society. today, everyone knows the law is quite high, especially in the field of knowledge of their rights, but unfortunately, in a number of cases, legal literacy does not absolutely exclude legal lack of culture and a person who knows his rights perfectly well sometimes, uh, in his appeals to the court, but uses uh, like this vocabulary, terminology and expression that do not allow these petitions of his to be considered on the merits, because, well, it is already on the verge of a criminal offense about insulting officials, sometimes it happens to raise the level of legal literacy. it's done in our country. well, almost everything that can be done today, and a person who wants , uh, to own the right, wants to understand what, from

a legal point of view, should happen to him on the territory of the republic of belarus , he has every opportunity to be savvy in this regard. but uh, if we're talking about legal culture. then, of course, we still have a lot to do in order to develop it, to instill and explain, uh, to all people that protecting their rights. you should not infringe on the rights of other people, it is very difficult to do this in isolation from, uh, raising the level of general culture is quite important interesting dialogue. i hope that belarusians will mostly comply.

each journey is a real quest and the first task for them, no matter how creepy it sounds on the one hand, but it is connected directly with this place. which is more than 400 years i don't know where to look, this is a whole archaeological complex. and what is behind us behind our backs is one of the tips of the iceberg. travel and solve cultural and historical puzzles with the hosts. there are many legends here, which we project stone, scissors, paper, watch on belarus 24 tv channel. what is in contemporary art today? is it possible to create

a picture without any intention and is there a creative way to health? water and sand invite you to unleash the creative mood with the most unconventional ways to project culture fashion. watch this weekend on belarus 24 tv channel. a unique drug what types of cancer can it cure? this is the development of the great american molecular biologist alexander schneider. naturally , the appearance of the drug was preceded by a long experimental period and all kinds of fundamental studies of tumor growth, and only after 10 or even 15 years

did the drug itself appear - the word vaccine is not quite correct for this drug. we only use it to make it easier to understand. in fact. this is the so-called, plasmid circular molecule the house of man. and this is extremely important, and then after a week, remove from the body and re-introduction is required. every week, the drug does not warn, but it is the personality that heals, it affects the processes of chronic inflammation and thereby destroys it. this chronic inflammation changes the microenvironment around the tumor and allows subsequent penetration of chemotherapy drugs. and immune cells in the tumor tumor - is an independent organism in the body. he's defensive and that's big a problem for the treatment of cancer patients, when we change the microenvironment , chemistry drugs rush into the tumor and have an antitumor effect , thus dramatically increasing the effectiveness

of chemotherapy. the results of the drug and how breakthrough the results of all scientific studies that relate to the clinical part were conducted in the republic of belarus, belarusian scientists developed scientific protocols, which were subsequently reviewed in leading world centers, by the way, the development clinical protocols