[000:00:00;00] slogans that can be perceived as glorification or glorification of the conflict in ukraine, while the restrictions do not apply to diplomats and veterans of the second world war, such a ban on the flag has already been in the past year, and then caused criticism from ukraine . the latvian security forces got rid of the body , moved the corpse of a refugee to the belarusian territory, today, on our border , border guards found another dead according to preliminary data, the body of the latvian border guards transferred the body of the latvian border guards to our territory through the gate. here is such a non -human attitude towards refugees from the humane west in quotation marks more information

at 19:00 see you on the evening live. dreaming of traveling, but don't know where to start, so where is the city of bogotsk. the labyrinths of their streets will be opened for us today, the father of belarusian cities, polotsk , we will tell you everything about tourist opportunities. i beauty of the nature of belarus, no matter what you travel on the august canal on a boat on a catamaran, it doesn’t matter at all on the ship. i'm sure you'll absolutely love it, because all around the crazy beauty you are waiting for the main attractions fascinating adventure and an interesting meeting sausages cathedrals the creed of power and independence was built in the eleventh century. great leashed prince vsesla yesterday drive, when you are in the museum. you are roughly in the 19th century.

like veins, that is, polyeti lived in such huts, traveling with us to belarus 24. in the store and in the market, fresh vegetables and fruits , and salads and even the simplest belarusian products for everyone, for example, bread, buckwheat or millet porridge, would not have appeared without the smallest, but the most important component without it, or rather without them. and most importantly, without the skills to use them, a person still cannot rule out endless pillars of new territories with plants suitable for food. surely you have already guessed what i am saying? i'm talking about seeds about them for the next half an hour we will tell you in as much detail as possible in order to prove once again that even in the simplest topics, even at first glance, science is near the studio of ekaterina beretskaya.

hello. and don't miss out on the program. what did it all start when a person first thought about getting a crop? from the test tube to the beds where new seed varieties are born and seed quality is measured, is there a perfect formula? we'll find out very soon. when a person realized that you can put one seed in the ground, and get much more in the world, the neolithic revolution in the history of seed production. let's figure it out together right now, about 10,000 years ago, primitive man ate.

only what nature itself gave and said, not poisonous plants and hunted animals, and after millennia, a person understands that you can not wait for the harvest of nature, but plant it yourself first with a crop that allowed a person to leave one of the main occupations more, gathering became wheat. it appeared in the middle east region, scientists also call it the fertile crescent. the region covered modern israel and cancer to palestine syria lebanon egypt jordan partly turkey and ran, where as early as the twelfth millennium people used wild wheat. however, it crumbled and very poorly separated from the tribe of primitive man. he begins to look for the best seeds and in order to immediately eat, but in order to plant grains and harvest from this moment, in fact, he begins his development of seed production. wheat appears in russia. in the fifth century, it also becomes the first and for many years the main crop.

today, in order to obtain a new variety of seeds, it is not necessary, as in the stone age, to make sacrifices to the gods of the sun and rain and still wait hundreds of years for varieties to be bred in modern scientific laboratories. where did our correspondents go to see the whole process with their own eyes. many years of monotonous year-round work precedes the birth of a new variety of seeds and that's it. this is manual labor both in the laboratory and in the fields, without which it is simply impossible. agricultural science is concentrated, which in our country is in the scientific and practical center for agriculture. belarus breeder selects a few typical plants. well, for example, in particular. it happens from 500 to 1,000 ears. each

kolos is individually threshed , the signs of grain are seen, whether it corresponds to the shape , vitreousness, and size described by this kolos for the next year , each kolos is sown in the field separately and for a whole year. ears correspond to the variety, everything that does not correspond, the offspring of the best are discarded and the protein content is analyzed for yield according to other characteristics that require, and then the so-called plots small experimental plots of land raise offspring and then unite all families. the best families are being harvested and united, and a breeding nursery is already being sown. and here is this breeding nursery. further

, collective farms and state farms will go seed production, but this process, which i wrote above, is a continuous process, renewable every year. how long does a variety exist, how much does it need to be made? and of course, this is all handmade by a large team. scientists who control it all and such work is being carried out at the center for each variety continuously the main task , so that culture from generation to generation, at least does not lose, as our scientific and practical center for agriculture , the selection process of 38 species of taken plants is being carried out. these are more than 40 crops. these crops occupy mainly more than 80% of passive areas. of course, we are working enough on the selection plan. now, if we take a short period of time, when the center for agriculture, the former institute of agriculture, moved to zhodino, then during this period of small history. created over

uh, 495 new starting literally this year. here, imitating this year's already included 11 new varieties of our lecture. uh, states yes breeding achievements of the republic. belarus continuous work on new varieties ultimately leads to the fact that our raw materials perform better than imported counterparts, for example, belarusian grains for brewing. in almost all respects, they are more suitable for our climate. and we simply do not need to buy foreign raw materials, we will start the selection process. uh, to the premier of the culture on increasing winter hardiness to increase adaptation to changing environmental conditions is the opinion of climate, as well as to improve the quality indicators of breeding programs. we are pursuing the goal and the direction of the population are aimed at creating varieties of the target direction of measures on earthly wheat varieties for use at a fibic price

for the production of felt products, and also significantly now we have a creation. e varieties of hormone direction in order to improve our food supply. another direction of research work of scientists scientific and practical center for agriculture in zhodino is the creation of hybrids, since it is hybrids that give good yields and this is a global trend in agricultural science. this year, we have created and actively dislike the production of the first domestic hybrid called squirrels, which, under state-owned nutrition, has ensured yields of more than 100 years of production experience details and production can provide direct conditions in relation to population mouths. uh, additions of the 18th centuries. we also lead to selective process. uh, sugar beet corn hybrids. uh, corn breeding, uh, is carried out with our headphones, as in the soviet center, uh, in

our branch, which is located. uh, you can tell in the area this is the train in question. to date, more than ten hybrids have been created, which are included in the state register. this is in a relatively short amount of time. furs of years already take somewhere around 15-20 years, this is a short time for selection, because the creation of varieties lasts 10-12 years for grain crops and somewhere at least 15 years perennial grasses and other crops. all this work of scientists is of strategic importance for the whole country. the scientific and practical prices of agriculture are entrusted with a great responsibility, a great responsibility, ranging from food security. all food and security is exactly in the cereal rupees evening on the legumes fodder oilseed cereals. all these directions are being started - this is, uh,

the selection process in all these directions begins precisely in the center of the earth specific areas of work in plant protection by studying the soil of plants, all this work becomes the basis for the creation of new varieties. first, a variety is made, then technology is made for it, after all, well, then seed production multiplies , and i like russia in general, our economic sectors of the national economy of the agricultural firm of the board in the republic of belarus yes, the center is located in zhodino because all science is concentrated there, all personnel are candidates of science grades in life. i don't ask. tempo ask problematic questions ask work. that is, this is such a source that is already spreading with its work, scientists are working all over belarus on two

key issues, the first of which is weather conditions, that is, the ecological direction. according to mathematical conditions , for example, in the region of grozny , it snowed for 2 weeks in the vitebsk region, he lived for two months, honestly belarusian to sit in the european selection, which are sown in the russian region. they do not overwinter the visevskaya region or the ogniskaya region, so they work in the direction. she dictates the breed scientists should to foresee all this and to do it. well, the second question. about in fact, for the sake of which all the work is being done. this is the yield that forms our food security and our export potential. this is a science project nearby at the start of a sowing

company, we understand the nuances of seed production. and here's something else we'll talk about. why are belarusian seeds in the top today? quality control, who monitors the future harvest and how, and the rubric was tested on itself today especially for summer residents, do not miss it. the history of our ukraine is folded and diverse history, but to separate from the gestora childbirth so goat chowder. eh, take the time. uh, shared on

the wild lena, let's get to know them for the architectural supporters of belarus, in front of them, this is, uh, architecture on the cob of the eighteenth one hundred and eight of our construction. it went on very slowly, because it took as many as five years to make only the foundations and the dungeon of this temple, we will show a unique place from that god from supposedly yana amal, an unknown architect. verkhaverla architecture of belarus on tv channel belarus 204 on the first look, this is an unremarkable hinterland, belarus but this is only at first glance along

yakub kolas street, you will realize that the pain for 100 dollars back along this street near the pokrovskaya church for the service and show of the young hallway mentor konstantin mikhailovich mitskevich , in addition to amazing facts from history woodland villages. you will get acquainted with their inhabitants and warm stories from the childhood of the fish. i drove with my brother. well, rather, the brother dragged. i was small, but five or six years old i was pulled out. here's a pike said, bring it home. i i was afraid that she would bite me; she was dragged after her. carefully, after viewing this project , you will certainly want to feel the atmosphere of a wonderful land personally , that i love my village because i was born in it, because the ancient ancient

was washing the family here, of course. i love my malewa. you are stinking and our polissya this is my love, my pride, watch on belarus 24 tv channel . after the collapse of the soviet union, all the seeds in our country were practically imported after 30 years, the situation is radical changed belarusians choose belarusian in the subject. together with our guest, we will deal with the head of the seed production department of the ministry of agriculture and food, belarus oleg mikhailovich hello. good afternoon. i think that many still remember

the nineties then almost all the seeds, but they were imported, if almost all were not imported, then summer residents were chasing only imports, they said imported. so it will definitely be good. our domestic seed potential had to, what is called to build up from scratch what we have today and is it true that today belarusians already choose belarusian out of eight hundred and fifty thousand needs for grain and leguminous seeds 85% is occupied by our belarusian science has really moved a little forward. you could focus on. not for corn seeds, we have two of our own corn sizing plants and we produce from 20 to 25.000 tons of our own seeds with a requirement of 30-33.000. that is, it says that our science is moving forward, and we are not we stand still and, of course, given these sanctions that we now have, having our

belarusian one, they are practically not terrible for us. we use only a small amount and as our producers. they say it's healthy competition. that is, uh, showing our belarusian we say that it is also a pretty good producer. yes, we have some questions. maybe for vegetable crops, which are the most used by the population, but, naturally, our large producers are important factories, typical combinations. other. yes, they use foreign varieties a little. why because our selection is slightly inferior in yield to cucumbers, but this does not mean that we do not have it. we have it, but it occupies a small amount, so the attitude and given now that the head of state is the fucking goal, import substitution and getting enough of their vegetables

is now being done by a person to work. we can say that so far they are slightly inferior. here in these several types of fruit vegetable products. i think that with time everything will change. and here, too, belarusian will prevail. let's talk about, uh, why belarusian for belarusian lands and for belarusian cars is better than imported, well, the fact is that seeds are derived from the mouth of something specifically for our climate, under our conditions, i understand correctly, naturally. you understand very well that the weather conditions for this germany and holland france are not a little compared with the conditions of the republic of belarus, even with hotbeds. yes, even with panic, much less solar energy costs more thermal energy and we have more. naturally. it's a little less, and in our selection of your crops, we aim and scientists aim to ensure that

the seeds and varieties of the fucking bred are adapted. the condition of local temperature fluctuations deficiencies in solar energy, well , and other compliments that are related in this regard. well, the soil, probably, also takes into account the soil. yes, take the shinsky region of grodno, where soil fertility is much higher and better compared to the vitebsk and mogilev regions. naturally, selection aims at this in our country and in our we must give credit to selection until recently, we did not have our own. e, the winter me variety, scientists have made every effort, and at the moment we have our own e, winter barley of the busli variety, which already occupies quite a large area in the republic of belarus , indicates that we are moving forward. we do not stand still, and our science stands still. each new variety passes a special controller. tell us how this happens in general, that is,

scientists came up with their own. food, and then they pass it on to you and you say it fits or doesn’t fit in the system of the agricultural system. there is an inspection for testing the storage of plant varieties, which deals exclusively with the zoning of varieties, which are being developed by our scientists, including those from abroad at the present time. here in this register , which has passed and adapted for the republic of belarus , there are about five and a half six thousand plant varieties that are included and can be used in our country on the territory of the republic of belarus, scientists, having created a variety, varieties are being tested now inspection for testing the protection of plant varieties, in addition to this, we are part of the international system of coupes, which is an international system for the protection of varietal plants. that is, a variety that has proven itself, included in the register , receives a patent, which is protected by law,

but in order for it to be included in the register. it passes the test for three years , the inspection for the number of repetitions of 3.5 / certain varieties on 11 varieties of test plots in the republic after harvest and after summing up the first year of the second and third year. all these results are summarized and a meeting of the commission and commission takes place, the issue of including these varieties for use on the territory of the republic of belarus is being resolved, not all varieties of the test pass. why because we have some control? that is, the tested variety must surpass the control variety in certain parameters, that is, in expressiveness, disease resistance , drought resistance, distinctness of remoteness and stability. that is, it is

a very such process, quite laborious lately. i want to tell you that a lot of belarusians are coming in. hmm. churchwert, probably, is still intensively working in cooperation with e. in russia, an allied state, scientists work , uh, with many institutions. so the institute of legumes in orel and then the institute pulls, as in krasnodar, kabardino-balkaria. now we had a delegation on corn issues. eh, pretty extensive work. some are hybrid and some are traditional. let's explain a little to our viewers the difference and the pale variety and it's just that the variety is different in that the hybrid is used. two components are the so-called mother and father components, where two or more hybrids are crossed. here it turns out a hybrid, and a variety is one line with which it turns out and what else the variety is good for, uh,

for our conditions for everything else, that is, a simple layman, agricultural workers. or those summer residents. they varieties can get their seeds in the future, if they like this variety, plant them in a greenhouse and use them there for two to three years hybrid can not be used for 2-3 years. why because the hybrid is in the process of vegetation, the next year splitting occurs, and it does not give the positive qualities that the first year gave, that is, a hybrid is the use of seeds of one year. the variety can be used for 3-4 years , there is another one, and the question is our seeds are leaving somewhere today. in general, yes , seed potatoes are friends today for tajikistan, this is also nice, but our main consumer is the russian federation kazakhstan well, a little there, maybe, armenia, everything else grains are very much used in the russian

federation under joint slavery agreements , they are very popular on the territory of the russian federation; now we are currently supplying radish oilseed phacelia to germany and in favor. it is used by them. as green manure, far beyond the borders of our country, there is belarusian growing, belarusian and this is very effective. it's nice. thank you very much. everything is clear. everything is accessible and very interesting, but good luck with a good harvest to all of us, but directly on the air now. a big report for all summer residents, my colleagues went to the store to choose the best seeds. and they did it, of course, according to science. for advice on the rules for choosing seeds, our film crew went to the institute of vegetable growing above

belarus, where the seeds are not only sold to anyone, but they are also bred by our institute in the minsk region for the past 30 years. our breeders have done a good job creating more than 130 varieties for thirty-two crops, but there are active sales of about 60 items. uh what regarding animal lovers, then our seminars are implemented. e, here we have a physical one in our company store, and there is also an online store where all these items are available, payment is made by jews, by mail delivery, so we can say that scientists advise modern internet technologies approach the issue of choosing seeds responsibly, especially if you are doing this for the first time and do not know anything about pleasure and gardening. that there are different qualifications of buyers have experienced gardeners are novice gardeners, and in

this regard there are no universal tips, because everyone develops certain approaches for choosing the seeds of these varieties for themselves, but there are some former recommendations. and here's how to start in this way with the store is not quite right. some preparatory work must be done here. work - this includes, at a minimum, studying the information of those vegetables that you would like to see on your beds, and it’s worth starting in general to form the question, what exactly am i i want to grow and why do i need to select exactly the varieties from those indicators for which you need the product, if it is necessary for storage, like varieties that have certain tendencies of flaking, if this is a product earlier, then, well, soon ripe with high taste qualities of snow products, and no matter how hard our breeders try. it's just perfect to combine all the parameters in one sort, no matter how impossible, they are selected by priority

for the direction, er, that you need. and of course, so that these seeds have borne fruit, there are many more nuances to take into account. here are the seeds. this is only one of the elements of growing technology along with others such as site selection. uh, sowing dates seeding rate irrigation possibilities. uh, you need to decide on the purpose of the product and the variety should ideally fit the technology that you can provide in your summer cottage, based on these principles, you need to start and choose seeds. today, our scientists offer the consumer to purchase seeds that have already been treated with protective agents and, let's say, saturated with microelements for good growth, but the price of such raw materials will be higher . the cost of a bag of seeds depends on

the number of seeds invested there, and also depends on the quality of the seeds and the quality of the variety. it is clear that the higher the quality of the seeds, the more expensive it is. well, the quality of the variety itself is a variety , or a hybrid, varietal seeds are cheaper, and hybrid ones are more expensive, which is due to the peculiarity of the technology for the reproduction of these seeds, where certain technologies are spent a lot of manual labor, if we assume, during manual hybridization used, therefore, such seeds are more expensive, and also depends on the promotion of the brand, the more promoted the brand. understandably branded 17. why are they more expensive? but the most basic principle in gardening is the development of technologies and the cultivation of seeds, so it’s not important to take super expensive seeds here. uh, and the technology can be worked out on simple varietal cheap seeds. it is clear that there are already experienced gardeners and the technologies worked out are known, then this technology can already be applied,