and the ancestral wives and children were civilian workers with a ranch, only the chaff from them waved to leave the fort a little more, having drenched himself with an already stout kolya heap, massed shelling of the earth, and took up the battle in the wind. i 've been throwing 32 days, home gate. one of the most informative landscapes in the post-soviet. the expanses, the first counterattack had departed, which put the organizational resistance of the brest garrison under shattering. sculptural composition of the smack of the right to the sleeves of the crayfish-mushovets of the mastotsky evocation of the dramatic nature of the podium of the fortress, surrounded by a heap of fairy tales at the rutseya, the soldier of pausei sh was disastrously unable to hope

for the history of his tenant. commissar fomin lieutenant of the kizhevat major gaurillou captain zubashow about them and their defenders of the brest citadel wrote about the story from the demal, films were staged and reminisced about painting, and flyers here at the memorial complex, the brest fortress , the hero can be degraded by documentary ones who accomplished their heroism and sanctify his significance . it's hard fighting through the ruins under their wounds. what left the roman installations of the karl system

there were more skin people for two tons, their fragments are in ukraine in this place, where we recall the possibility of heroism and grass and what brought the defense of the brest citadel to the ears of different battles not in scale , not in terms of ole, in their own bridle and not on the course of the great tires of war and on our today. they went against established views and found themselves. i tell everyone i'm retiring. well , it's accepted, like in general, well, in the modern world, if you retire, then you can do what you want, so, i i'm leaving already or is it a matter of principle such a question. eh, i'm looking for a museum, that is, my task is not to collect for myself, eh, but to preserve and show

rare things. this is a fundamentally different approach. here, therefore, the actual museum. against all prejudice. now their work is appreciated and demanded by them, when they hear these harps, they just have someone like someone else. well, who is how thin someone is. just immediately someone breaks through to tears, just, well, the project to break stereotypes is admired, if you had it in your childhood. there was no bike, and now brands are in childhood you didn't have bikes anyway. here i am , as it were, returning people to a time when they valued a bicycle more than pens to me. the history of our ukraine is folded and variegated in front of us - this is the architecture of the undergarment

of the eighteenth claw of our belay. look at the architecture of belarus on the tv channel belarus 204. museum of defense

the territory of the brest fortress was a dreamy post-war passage . the ruins at voskhod were only for the military . sergei smirnov is not a great artist. better supisi the light about the defense of the citadel over god inflamed the souls of the recent front-line soldiers with an accompanying fire and stumbled on the joke of unknown heroes, and then to help in the defense of their honest names of the defencist. this is how smirnov is called for his non-estimation of the bath with the old truth and justice, would have been the downfall of the memorial complex on the terrain of the defense of the ukers, the ussr’s nitsbass, but in the mid-sixties she sang her oil , the citadel of the title of fortress hero will make

a group of herdsmen. left-handed sculptors entered of the soviet union at the chalet with the people's bridge of the bssr, the laureate of lenin and two holders of the award alexander kibalnikov, in ust-magomay 1968 , the downhills of the marial complex from 25 vera were removed , 1971 steps. yonpo is tired in front of the visitors, so yakim knows his cobwebs of light. the compositional center of the ensemble was the need for a spiral bridge in the image of the defencists, and closer from afar more than 12 tons of your concrete formwork stand. the monument column is one of the most common warehouses in terms of yun tried to create a memorial complex for three whole years . for whom later the reinforced concrete form was massed inside the monument

; more than one unique object is the bayonet, the obelisk, symbolizing the strength of the defense force, the prototype was the bayonet, the rifle of the mosin minarite winters, the heroes of the citadel went in hand-to-hand attack. yes no longer the remains of a monument with titanium sheathing 100 m above the ground and shatyrs with a floor under the ground have a unique design of a target or underlayment at a youth plant, and it was lost in 20 sections. to mount the bayonet, they were charred to a special workshop and they brought cholestects, then 90 °. this

engineering operation was so strange that the soviet union didn’t have one and a half more. the hearts of the memorial complexes are muffled by the ramanialu - this is the place of the most important urochistas. au and ceremonies, the eternal flame is a symbol of eternal memory about the feat of the oborotseu millions of people have been here for half a hundred years, for this planet. this blunder reduces to 30,000 people and the wheel. i will return to the evagu in the ubavshchika, that i was lowered down on a hook and fell on her for a stately healthy land of theirs. this is not his horseshoe nah. this is worse, we come to the eternal flame, and so itself there are memorial plates where the remains of the defenses are buried, thus we think of the head, as it was right here with him. the ground

sprinkles alder many of their defenses, their remains are found at different sites of the complex. memorial plaques great work on fuzzies and highlighting their names kolya would begin to give a memorial here at the fortress, you know the remains of the pain for 500 people names and to a greater extent are led by the caliber of plowing for pr, not from the peasants of the memorial xviii vera since 1971, 823 people were plowed. was at a row of the house 2011 / today, the inguinal vyama for 1038 people, 277 names. brest fortress the hero of zu-sim has not frozen i remember yun livelier and developing museum of defense museum of war territory of the world museum of the fifth ford exposition defense at the gangway of the fort chronicle of the brest

fortress army club at seventy hectares ploshili dozens of objects are trying new museums expositions are opening new nominal this is the joint work of people of different generations from people of different spheres, climbing the mountains we will pass the memory of the ancestors and relatives with a collimar. we push through the gates of the individual with a pie during the day, and on the twenty-second day six for everything behind the gates with requests. yes, help to establish people refer pictures, and kolki air. incredible complex brest fortress hero is a special place not only on the map of belarus kolka people for half a year sustrela alone and in the light of a fortress with the status of a hero jas and hlik reaches a million a year for those years that other opponents of amalst forty visited our museum and memorial, ukraine e that year amal 150 the most frequent guests

are crazy about the spacers of the russian federation ali her and near and far, and from ukraine , it is not so easy to reach us in this chinese people's republic - these are the radiated states of america and australia ukraine - this means that on may 18 , 2020, the international day of museums is a memorial the complex visited 26 million. the tourist was a couple from the city of minsk. significant achievements of the occupants of the old fallen , who immortalized me in the memory of the allotment of the great olsha war with patriotic exhalation of children and molodi memorial complex brest fortress hero in 2021, awarded the order of france from the kaskaran newspaper, pravda may 9 1945. i wrote with nikolin, do not forget about len

​​nikolin on may 9, do not forget 20 another fat road image of a fortress, 22, without special judgments taking place according to the riddle of the heart. brosko. fortress this model is called yak fortification. and i just for today it's a citadel about the memory.

good satchel to belarus good morning brest fortress, how easy it is to pronounce these words now and how hard it was to believe 82 years ago that someday they will sound. here again someone will say that the brest fortress. it is a place of concentration, grief and pain. and we will complete the brest fortress. this is a place of concentration of fortitude and love and love. love for loved ones is felt literally everywhere love for people love for the motherland love to life and such love for the sake of which one is not afraid to die. it is difficult to take and imagine that you can die for someone or for something, therefore, let the defenders of the fortress explain this to you today, its heroes, we will read their letters from 1941 to 45 and find out what they believed in and most importantly, why not gave up.

indeed, it is thanks to this that we can meet another peaceful morning on may 9th. the first stone in the foundation of the brest fortress was laid in 1836. it was with this stone that the defensive reputation of the russian empire was laid, when the military political the situation demanded to strengthen their lines, and thanks to this masterpiece of military engineering . russia was able to boldly look into the eyes of its enemy, who would dare to attack from the west. it took 9 years to build the fortress and until june 22, 1941. she has played her part in history more than once. true, nature is not always so , its founders calculated, and in order to understand why the brest fortress was built exactly the way we know it, what made it invincible, you need to look into its pre-war album. the construction of the brest fortress began not

in an open field, in fact, on the site of the city that once was here, but was brought to you, or rather imagine the life of the brest fortress before 1941. today, the head of the branch of the museum of the fifth fort of the memorial complex will help us. brest fortress hero alexander carcass. good morning. good morning alexander alexandrovich why was the brest fortress built on this very spot? i even had to move the city. the fact is that fortresses are built only in strategically important places. and this is the area, which consisted of several islands. it just blocked the important waterways and land routes from west to east, and therefore emperor nicholas , who himself was a fortifier by profession a military engineer, well approved the project and construction began in 1833, the brest

lithuanian fortress, that is, parallel was carried out and the construction of the city on new place. the construction of our fortress near the lithuanian was actually, uh, by 1850, it had already entered the one that was considered one of the most powerful fortresses not only in russia. empire, but even in europe, even the defensive barracks on the central island , which, er, was built since 1836, was more than 2 km long, that is , more precisely 2 km 87 m, and its outer wall was about 2 m. that's why even in the middle twentieth century. this is fortification artillery. what determines in general, in principle, the power of a fortress. well, the power of a fortress is determined by being safe for storming the enemy, not only from infantry, but mainly from artillery, therefore, by the time of its construction. she was quite protected from artillery fire, but since the artillery was improved,

it was necessary to improve the brest lithuanian fortress, and it cannot be said that it was in such and such a specific year. the top of its construction, because the artillery developed. the splendor of the lithuanian fortress is being modernized again. imagine that according to archival materials, only from 1833 to 1901 , more than 19 million russian rubles were spent on its construction and modernization due to engineering sums, that is, colossal funds yes, and therefore in the sixties xix century modernization was carried out in the sixties and seventies, then the forts were built, that is, the main power of our fortress by the period of the first world war was not in this fortress core, but in the forts of powerful forts it turns out before the start of the second world war of the great patriotic war in our case, and the fortress went through two more wars. what trail did they leave in 1915, in the month of august, austria, the german troops approached brestlitovsk and since the russian

command was strategically proceeding. plans decided to leave it, then the garrison was evacuated, but not entirely correct when i consider that the fortress did not fight first. uh, the forts of our fortress of the terespol department fought the world war. it is now zabug on the territory of poland and none of the forts the enemy managed to take by storm. they were left blown up by order of the command and the fortress was burned out , but the next military conflict, which fell on the territory of the fortress. this is the defense of the polish garrison in 1939, 14 to 17 september. well let's remember that was the brest fortress on the eve of the great patriotic war before 1941. still, the brest fortress was already at that time more considered as a military town, so a lot of troops were concentrated here and the troops of the soldiers of the commanders were not all

commanders, but due to the fact that there was not enough barracks in the brest fortress. the premises and therefore brought the troops here, who had to sleep on two-story sometimes even on three-story bunks here and the fortress was narrower. well, it was like a flowering garden. what there was its invincibility, well, history does not know indestructible fortresses, of course, but in a certain sense, the fortress, of course , was considered to have withstood, but still, these powerful walls are of high quality, built according to projects, talented military engineers, they are forty. the first year they represented a fairly serious fortification. in addition, the fortress was included in separate sections of its sixty-second brest fortifications. that is, before this they were built on the territory of the brest fortress, another question is that they were not ready for battles, but you see, even the defense east fort showed that in the presence of a staunch garrison. with skillful leadership.

this became a big problem for the germans. only on june 30, the last sections of the defense of the eastern port were burned out by flamethrowers and suppressed, therefore , of course, the fortification significance of the fortress cannot be completely discounted even in the middle of the 20th century. this is how the days in the brest fortress went on as usual. in 1941, the teaching of film dancing classes on weekends, his colleagues left for camps near the brest fortress on the warm evening of june 11, he wrote a letter to his relatives.

hello, my dear slavochka, send you your red army greetings and kiss you very, very tightly, today's letter will be the second or third that i receive in the camps, however, when we arrived at the camps, the weather was very cold, but now the weather is wonderful warm. today, only a little has changed and the wind has risen. mom and from the bench, that in relation to the international situation, she is currently tense to the extreme and it is no coincidence that we are on the border, we will need full combat readiness in order to protect our borders at any moment, if we need to defeat the enemy on his territory, in general, mother from the bench, fate will decide in relation to our meeting still not a little. in the future it will be more visible. mother. already in 4 days it will be 8 months since i have been in the army for this period of time, i do not have a single disciplinary offense and remarks, believing that in the future, i honestly conscientiously served my term, since from

we are required by the military oath, which we took individually, the question of vigilance is in the first place in our service, for we are on the border. in 16 days , on the twenty-seventh of june, twenty-two-year-old volodya abyzov will blow himself up with grenades and on the bank of the mukhavets to cover the departure of his comrades, his name will be immortalized on the slabs of the memorial. well then, on a warm summer evening on june 11, he wrote a letter to his mother and looked at the evening glory, the sun was going in good faith, and listen to his country. sunday summer morning june 22 in the fortress about 8,000 people slept in the city. it was not only the soldiers, their commanders, but also their wives, their children, their relatives, for 4 hours and 15 minutes artillery mortar fire was opened on the fortress, which took the garrison by surprise. it lasted non-stop 30

minutes, stunned and confused. many did not even understand that this was a war. as one of the defenders of the fortress, then he recalled that it had already blossomed , but after these first volleys it became dark again, like at night, in the literal sense of the earth, rose rose helped the models of the fortress and carefully planned. every minute, every meter of its advance is no doubt. the exact time of the capture of the fortress is not indicated. it's just the task of the day. to the east of brest, for a single day , the situation can be conditionally shown by the model of our fortress for 1870. although this is the nineteenth century for some, the general picture of the 1941 fortress has changed little. although everything was already considered obsolete, well, it was included in

the sixty-second brest of the fortified area and the garrison, although it consisted of two rifle divisions, but most of them were actually sent to summer camps to train for the construction of a fortified area, therefore. there were no more than seven battalions left here, and special forces in total, at the time of the attack of nazi germany , about 9,000 fighters and commanders remained in the brest fortress. however, according to the plan to cover the border. in the event of the outbreak of war, it was necessary to withdraw most of the units to the areas of concentration, and then, joining with other parts of the army, go to the fortified area, as wrote the chief of staff of the fourth army , colonel sandalov, after the war. it was an unrealistic plan. he did not provide for a sudden outbreak of war. and when the artillery shelling began, mortar shelling. here, bearing huge losses already in the first minutes of the war to our units. i had to leave the fortress according to these pre-war plans, but the nazis were already in 4 minutes. after the start of the war, they began

to force the boom and the fortress was surrounded within an hour, the effect of surprise was justified played in favor of the nazis at 9:00 in the morning. the fortress was completely surrounded by at this point, no more than 50% of the personnel of the garrison were withdrawn. the rest - about 5,000 people stayed here and many of them forever. yes, if all the germans so calculated, yes, why didn’t they manage to quickly conquer the citizens, they didn’t calculate one fighting spirit of our fighters, their desire and ability to fight and sacrifice themselves for the sake of the motherland , because well, not belittling, of course, from heroism and in polish companies and in france, yes, after all, there the environment meant surrender, but here the environment of this is completely different which meant that, having broken into the territory of the fortress and even into the citadel itself, some units of the nazi assault groups were surrounded, having lost their combat capability, then the nazi

commander had to bring in reserves. however, no change in the situation. this did not work when the commander of the 45th division , major general freudper, while on the north island, reports to the commander of the 4th german army. general field mashow fondue, what boeing infantry fortress to take? i ask you for permission to withdraw the remnants of the assault groups to fortress blockade line. she passed along the outer rampart of the fortress, such permission was the last drop of blood, as the defenders of the fortress wrote the text of the fortress after the war, but they still failed. tactics and long exhausting battles, which from june 22 until the end of the month went to all these territories of the brest fortress instead of 8 hours that the germans allocated for the capture of the brest fortress, it took them nine days. this

required the same efforts from the wehrmacht as for the capture of kiev, this is the third largest city. in the soviet union when brest was liberated and ours entered the brest fortress. they were amazed even years later , the ruins showed how fierce and inhuman the struggle was. it was conducted here. now we know it was a feat, but the defenders of the brest fortress themselves. they could not foresee this, just as they could not guess how long they would have to hold out for 5 minutes or 5 days. they just did what they had to and hoped for the best. the defense of the brest fortress is one of the first of the most dramatic episodes of the great during the patriotic war, it was here that the nazis , having faced the heroic resistance of the soldiers of the red army, realized for the first time that they would not be able to easily walk elegantly, as was the case during the occupation of most european countries. the fact is that

the army of the wehrmacht forty-fifth infantry per division counted on e, assault, immediately the fortress, but on the first day they were already pressed and were forced to go beyond the central island to gain a foothold on the ramparts. and now, according to the recollection of the lieutenant, the death of the 84th rifle regiment, on the morning of june 23 from volynsky fortifications fighters. we saw that women and children were moving along the bridge, doctors had hospital staff, that is, they did not immediately become a fighter. it is clear where so many people are moving, but when they came closer behind them, helmets and german ones became visible, that is , on the south island from the side of the volyn fortification through the kholmsky gate, they tried to break through behind the backs of women. all doctors and nurses who were captured. on the first day of the war on this fortification from the very beginning of the battle for the brest fortress. acquired the focal nature of the defense of its individual fortifications without a single headquarters and command without communication and almost without interaction between the defenders of different parts of the citadel, but already on june 24

in the casemate at the brest gates under the destroyed barracks by the light of an oil lamp on the bottom, stopping shelling by bombing, order number one was written on defense. citadel remains of the document were miraculously discovered under the fortress ruins. ten years after the heroic events, the summer of 1941, three scraps of paper with pencil lines. were in a field bag, an unidentified hero, this order is still since then, it has been the only handwritten document on the defense of the brest fortress. it was he who revealed to us the names of her last commanders, the heroes of the captain. ivan zubachev , regimental commissar efim fomin sr. natanta alexander semenko and lieutenant anatoly vinogradova complicated the situation, of course, and uh, the location, let's say, then the location itself, firstly, there were simply not enough people, even water elementary what other difficulties in establishing infrastructure, including those at 2:00 night, the german saboteurs

brought out the stress light connection and water supply, so this is a water lack of communication, that is, it was not at all clear what was happening outside the barracks, but this is agitation, which, uh, came from the enemy. that is such a psychological environmental impact, right? and, of course, the lack of food also affected, because at 4:00 in the morning at 4:15, when art began shelling the fortress and about 4,000 artillery shells were dropped on the fortress. it was aimed. ah, the shelling of the fortress. warehouses with weapons. warehouses failing supplies, food warehouses, soldiers of the red army. they not only defended themselves, but also repeatedly attacked the enemy in the history of defense, such a case entered the history of defense . regimental commissar foamin placed his command post near the engineering department building and ordered radio operators to contact headquarters. the division was wearing headphones. only one german speech was heard, and suddenly

it flew on the air. i am a fortress. i am a fortress. i ’m defending you, we’re fighting this moment for our soldiers was very inspiring when we talk about the fortress. we are not so much talking about the strength of these walls, but about the strength of the spirit people who are here without water without food without weapons, fighting for so long. so desperately, indeed the fortress did not stop the enemy. here, no radical change was made in the course of the war, but even here it was shown that the war would be completely different, and the fortitude of our soldiers, they say, the inscriptions left on the walls of the fortress will die, but we will not leave the fortress either. i'm dying but i don't give up. farewell, motherland, none of us, he military units that fought in the fortress , got enemies. there is even a letter german soldier. he wrote to his fiancee. he wrote that i was still at the wall of this old trim of the fortress. i don’t understand these fanatical russians who, in one undershirt, rush at a person with a pronounced automaton, but the answer to you for the sake of recklessness really lies in

great love for their homeland. rhone of the brest fortress and continued on june 22, until july 1941, the defenders of the fortress, warriors of more than 30 nationalities of the ussr , fulfilled their duty to the end. one of the greatest feats of the soviet people was accomplished before the motherland in the history of the great patriotic war. but what happened to those who managed to break through the german shelling from the fortress in the first days of the war ? i found time between fights and wrote a letter to my relatives. hello dear parents, brothers and sisters, cordial greetings, greetings i am currently on the old frontier, alive and well. only happy accident

sent me life for the period from 22 to the first i had to go through a lot, but everything difficulties, it turns out that there were still ahead, no one, including myself, did not know that such a terrible deed would be done, the war with germany would be a long-term enemy strong and the greatest efforts would be required to defeat and destroy him. what is the situation now, i myself can’t write anything to you, one thing i can say is that i feel sorry for the friends who remained in captivity or died the death of the brave. their names will go down for centuries, as true heroes of the people, i ask you not to grieve and not to cry. if i die, i will die for my national great cause. let him remember, despicable enemy, that do not happen him on russian land, anyone who entered russian land on it and left his head, now smelled gunpowder decently in 8 days. and especially sniffed at the border of the letter. until you write, i will periodically press you myself. say hello

to your family and friends your son alexander the next letter, kruglov's relatives did not wait. alexander disappeared without a trace, like many. who passed the harsh roads of war, the third day. the great victory was destined, not all many were waiting for tests more terrible than in the brest fortress. we we are together where, according to the guide of the brest fortress, the tourist rarely reaches the shores of the western god not far from the tereospol gates in the warm season. here, under the birds , the river peacefully carries its own especially well, and even mothers walk here in real heavenly place a at the beginning of the war on july 22, 1941. this place was more like from on earth. these shores were sent away by the dead and those who fought for the motherland. we are at the place where exactly

the war took its first steps; it was here that the main blow of the enemy took place testifies to the walls of the barracks, which are impressed by the fragments from the shells of the explosions here in fact on the barracks in the area. there is no living space. well, you can say, yes, by the way, svetlana nikolaevna didn’t leave me in stone. i look at these gates and immediately such a textbook picture appears in my head, hitler and muslilia, in an open car, does not enter through these gates, by chance, yes, it is through these august 26, 1941 . during the inspection trip, we visited the brest fortress, it was in armored cars with an open top that they went down through these gates. here they examined the equipment and took pictures against the background of destroyed buildings, but this was probably the only trip. here is the front on the east.

on a memorial plaque in front of us, lieutenant alexei fedorovich naganov, here above the terrespol gates there was a three-story tower built back in 1920 before a double one, 8 families of red army commanders lived here, including lieutenant 333 of the rifle regiment naganov, together with his wife anastasia, she was she was only 18 years. she was in position in her fifth month of pregnancy. only just got an apartment here, but they didn’t have much time to equip it yet. and first he fought, he sent his wife to the cellars of the 333rd infantry regiment, which is located not far from here. she did not see his fate until the end of the war, she did not know anything already in september. forty-first year, a daughter was born , as a sign that she believes that her husband would return , she called her nadezhda, but the war ended, and there was no news from her husband. 1949 put everything in its place. and during the search work to clear this part of the barracks , the remains of 15 dead were found.

the komsomol ticket, which was preserved in the pocket of a striped gymnast, determined the fate of the lieutenant. naganov. alexei fedorovich, the examination established that he died standing with an outstretched pistol. tt in the clip had three rounds. the fourth was in the bore. well, apparently he was preparing to make a shot , he was shooting back, and his daughter was born in september of the forty-first year of her father. she has never seen all her life. she lives in our city in the city of brest, she worked as a pediatrician now retired. it's hard to imagine that this this is hope, but she comes here, and they say to her here was an apartment from your parents. yes, your mother is hidden here. yes, indeed. that is why we are generally talking today, remembering the names of heroes , the names of people who really laid down their lives for our peaceful life. we are in the hall of fame

of the defenders of the brest fortress. now every schoolchild knows their names, studying the history of the great patriotic war, but it was far from always so and it is difficult to imagine, but even in the early fifties it was still the names of the heroes of the brest fortress were unknown to us, the process launched a journalist, the writer sergei sergeevich smirnov , we owe it to him, to those glorious names precisely through the fate of the people who fought for the motherland here within these walls. we can feel the feat of the heroes svetlana nikolaevna let's tell you how the fate of the man who led the defense of the fortress's brilliance developed. captain ivan zubochok. here. here he is presented at a meeting of commanders on june 24, he was elected commander of the consolidated group of the headquarters consolidated group of the central islands. that is, essentially. he began to lead the defense on the central island, also in connection with us, what was not there, but we understood that the fortress was surrounded. that people should be taken out of

the brest fortress, his name became known in 1950 from order number one, which was found, well, the brest three arched gates. it is known that during the explosions the building of the defense headquarters. it was just near the modern defense museum in the basement that it was blown up with german sappers, that is, they were from the roof, and they lowered it to the level window openings of the bottle with an incendiary mixture and in the german inscriptions it was indicated that despite the fact that the groans and cries of the russians were heard because of the creation, no one left the building and these people were walking around, undermining the teeth and his deputy regimental commissioner were captured . well, in fact , everyone who was at that time in this defense headquarters. it is known that ivan nikolaevich zubachev went through several prisoner-of-war camps in poland and germany . well, he died, and in the summer of 1944 he fell ill with tuberculosis in the hamilton camp, and when he became his last name is known, he was posthumously awarded the order of the patriotic war of the first degree,

zubachev street, there is in our city not far from the fortress. you have already mentioned efimo, moiseevich, fomin, and here, of course, it is important to note that in general the history of the brest fortress is such a fateful funnel , by and large, because people are not only in different nationalities and in general, in principle, completely different life styles the paths crossed at the same time in the same place. as i understand it, fomin's fate confirms us this postulate is correct. yes, indeed , the regimental commissar efimi-moiseevich fomin , before the transfer of the brest fortress or the forty -first year, he served in daugap. there at the former place of service. he left his wife and son, who had already settled here in command. he was given a leave of absence just such a short vacation on june 21, it began on saturday, but arriving at the railway station there were no tickets. he could not buy a ticket, he took a ticket for june 22, that is, in fact, it was purely by chance that he came to the fortress here. just now here to spend the night, so that on sunday we can go on the road. the moment was also

captured, but he was sarom, according to the german directive. it was adopted on june 6, 1941. this is the so-called directive for the handling of sarami palettes, that is, in this directive they were declared the main carriers of resistance. that is , they are like ideologists. yes. eh, that's why fomin, on the same day when he was taken prisoner, he was shot after the end of the war, and fomin efim moiseevich was worthy of the order. lenin also posthumously. well, fomin street is in our city. let's talk about those who were lucky to go through the war and find out what a peaceful life is, for example, about lieutenant anatoly vinogradov, whom i know that he lived for 30 years in vologda worked as a blacksmith after the war. tell his feat. he was also part of the headquarters of the citadel's water group. and now his main task is that he led one of the breakthrough groups, that is, by and large. this is probably enough.

it could also be concluded that group this was supposed to cause fire on itself hmm they were discovered this group of breakthrough was discovered covered with enemy fire zero, the price of vinogradov was wounded, he also remained in different prisoner of war camps. uh, even to stop, the fact is that smirnov began to lead such a belt of heroes of the brest fortress from 1954 from 1955. he began to speak on the radio. that is, he talked about those who were already known to him and some information, and it is interesting that these messages on the radio collected the radio in the evening. well, probably all the soviet union that is, this is a huge audience , and he completed each such speech on the radio with the phrase defenders of the brest fortress. respond please and here is one of those who responded. it was the lieutenant. vinogradov svetlana nikolaevna in the history of the defense of the brest fortress there were turning points when our soldiers went on the counter -offensive and there were their heroes here. let's talk about them. yes, i would like to tell you about

matevosyan. samvel minasovich, consort of the 84th infantry regiment , regimental commissar. fomin led the defense initially on the site of his unit. and uh, it was on the first day at dawn that he ordered the soldiers of his unit to go on a counterattack. that's just this counterattack led them from this session. many fighters went into this counterattack without weapons, because everyone failed to arm themselves, someone went into battle with boards with stools, but uh, this counterattack plays a very important role in the defense of the fortress, because in the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe hob gates, fighters from other units heard triumphant cries. cheers and supported by fire this counterattack from different sides and e. this was probably such a turning point when the fighters realized that it was possible and necessary to fight the opponents at 2 o'clock in the afternoon soviet time, additional forces were introduced in europe, that is, the reserve of the corps on the western and southern islands, but by evening.

the enemy was pushed back, that is, they were thrown back to the teresport gates, but this was the reason that the decision was made by the command of the 45th infantry division to withdraw, this is an assault detachment outside the central island by the end of 22 june. here are the ivasians. we nasevich in the fortress was captured, went through camps for war prisoners, then. uh, lived in moscow and now uh with his son and his family. i marial maintains a close relationship. but samvel lamination in general , as i understand it, is also no exception. he was, probably, with his grandchildren, so believes yes, a family, yes, and uh, it even became such a tradition after the end of the war. kind. every year the defender and the fortresses came here. well, this is june 22, that is, the day when the great patriotic war began. yes, well, on victory day but here is 23 june it was such, probably the day when be sure everyone came here this day of remembrance. this is probably what they have, as aleksey danila romanov, one of the defenders of the fortress, wrote that when they visited here,

of course, two such all-encompassing feelings were a feeling of bitterness for the people who died here for their comrades, a feeling of joy that they were able to overcome this these tests are very difficult svetlana nikolaevna and already at the end of our conversation it will not be superfluous to recall that when the front line has already withdrew 750 km from the brest fortress. there were still battles going on here. yes, indeed, of course, these were not some kind of organized military, but uh, there were such unorganized, local pockets of resistance, but in fact, single soldiers who continued, it turns out, a manifestation, that is, the brest fortress stood until the last literal sense. yes that's right. well, as they say, yes, our soldiers may have lost the battle. yes, but the war was definitely won. today we can easily come to the brest fortress to admire the spring look at the faces of the people who came

here on an excursion, and even though the birds are singing flowers are blooming, the feeling that somewhere out there in a parallel reality the brest fortress continues to armor and hold its lines with all its might. and we continue to keep our fingers crossed for our defenders and tell them. don't give up. you will succeed, victory will be ours. and we are with you, and even though unfortunately, they do not hear us. this is the internal dialogue. it does not stop, i especially want to say these words of support here to the east luckily, the last resistance about the flesh, when everything turned out to be lost and meaningless of ours, we didn’t give up here, by the way, to notice the east fort is not just its outer walls covered with an earthen rampart that forms a horseshoe and much is preserved here just like it was in june 1941 and we want

to introduce to you our expert on the eastern fort, this is the head of the department of the eastern fort of the memorial complex brest fortress hero and gavrilenko good morning. good morning inna vladimirovna let's a small excursion in history. why did the last defenders of the brest fortress end up here in the vostochny port, because the self-fortification to which we are located, this fortification was originally built and such fortifications were built. uh, the russian empire, as the last fruit of defense and despite the fact that it was built in the xix century. and it would seem that already in 1941 the fortress lost its significance, as a defensive object inside they go or, as we know it today, the eastern fort, it fulfilled its task precisely in the first days of the great patriotic war here, uh, at night we met this one from 21. june 2, about 300 fighters and those who were able to get here from different centers already, uh

, such centers of defense. it was here that these servicemen became the last defenders of the brest fortress. and what factors formed the fact that the germans could not take the fortification itself in the eastern ford. yes. eh, earthen ramparts, and, after all, the thickness of the earthen ramparts is 8.5 m. yes, this is the inner shaft 8 1/2, and the thick walls of the barracks themselves. e of the barracks itself, so of course it is contributed. well, probably the fact that there were servicemen who had experience in combat operations. the same major gavrilov commander of the 44th infantry regiment. he had experience in their actions of the civil soviet finnish war, so, of course, he was able to organize the defense quite well and on vladimirovna . let's go through the days that were here since the twenty-second. june forty -first created, firstly, the headquarters of defense. yes, on the first day, the

kazimakh hospital of the outer shaft and russia of ivan bakum were also created just, but in the film 95 medics of the sanitary battalion. she took over at the behest of the mayor. gavrilov is a hospital , women and children also found here. hmm , breakthrough attempts have been made. there are reports of several breakthroughs, but they were unsuccessful and thus already, uh, the twenty-ninth. the fort was uh, hmm, there was a bombardment of the fort. well, on the thirtieth, the defense was already suppressed and organized. what kind of woman and children were found here, that is, military personnel. that's it, it's clear how civilians ended up here , women with children ended up here. this is family commanders of the red army who lived on the goblin fortification. the fact is that in the fortress of 300 families of commanders, which we know about 200 lived right next to the fort and, of course, many people were captured in the first literally hours. e wars. someone was, uh, captured in the following

days, and the women who ended up here were the last to be captured in the fortress. they have information about them even in enemy reports. on the afternoon of june 29 , they were taken prisoner. well, we know that despite neither the bombs, nor the shelling , nor the fact that some kind of information, albeit fragmentary, but still, that everything else had already been captured, people continued to resist here. why well, firstly, these are the military personnel who took the oath. yes, we must always remember this, but we also passed here. after all, even party meetings. after all, many people remember that it was skrypnik who was the soul of the defense, precisely our commissar , because it was he who supported saying that help would come now. you just need to hold out and accept bee parties they say exactly what your affairs are. yes, these military actions of yours here,

namely, will serve as proof that you are worthy to be members of the party. therefore, we know about 40 people were accepted as members of the party. and now shelling, but here the east fort. and here we are right here, and there are leaflets that were found in 2019. yes, this is the so-called vegetation projectile, which was found in the fortress. imagine 2.000 in 2019. yes, he lay there for so many years, and so these are precisely the leaflets, as if these were written. we used and ali party member's statement besides the leaflets there are also so many finds here in the fort area eg the history of the banner we want to hear because it's just amazing how it was discovered. today it is indeed the relic of the entire memorial. but the fact is that you see the banner - this is, well, the most important thing. the most valuable thing that the fighters must save and from the memories it is known that they tried to break through and carry it out, well, the breakthroughs were unsuccessful

, one of the servicemen and quite antonov wrote, that major gavrilov ordered e, hide us, and destroy the documents and the order. i complied, as he wrote memoirs of documents of shock, but the banner hid the chimney on the chimney was broken. and the banner had to hide again. and now, realizing that there would still be no help and the fort was already surrounded by the end of june, and that it was necessary to somehow save the banner so that the enemy would not get it in an unfinished hole, but here. e, well, yes, in order to get water they sent this pit with straw. uh, the banner cover, a bucket with one bucket, the second was covered, covered and disguised, and this way since 1941 the banner was attached until 1956 and one of those who was a witness. yes, where this banner was hidden was a junior sergeant, semenyuk region, xenofontovich, he went to the military enlistment office at the place of residence where he lived, but the military enlistment office

said that they knew it no longer matter. the more you were in captivity, so this topic. this is how they left it. but now, probably, due to the fact that he did not leave this idea after all, literally, a year later. he wrote to the moscow ministry of defense. oh yes, and they were allowed to come to the fortress, because the fortress was a military unit after the war here. it's as simple as we are now and tourists came to visit us, it was impossible to escort journalists. he arrived, and you know, he wrote in his memoirs that when i arrived at the fortress for the first time, i suddenly felt this fear appeared. what if i know i won’t find it, because the fortress is in the forty-first. she seemed to stand before his eyes, and here is the 40 and fifty-sixth year. yes, so many years and after some time, when the shovel clanged metal. you felt that there is still hope, yes, and when you already found it place a bucket, and in the case the knowledge is very well preserved. and this banner today is

such a main exhibit of our exposition. well, as i said, this is a great memorial of everything, because this is the only banner that can be seen today after so many years after the war. but the truth is that there are shadows of the defenders here, as you can see there are none. and you know, mm, it turned out for us, uh, the whole exposition, let's say, has a very interesting relationship, a very good person. e, member of the union of artists. e belarus is yulia leonidovich sukhov and uh, when was where are the photographs of the defenders of the commanders, which we see in this room, to display precisely on the glass? and you know, probably, hmm, perhaps it was his idea that when the light was already turned on, when the lighting solution was already here, yes , and we saw that shadows appeared on the wall. and you know. we are probably already accustomed to workers, and at first, of course, there was

a feeling that these were the shadows of our defenders of the eastern fort and they were looking at us like that , right? eh, and you know it's not only our uh, the employees of this museum, but also the people who come to visit us. we see that they notice these shadows. and this is the feeling. yes, but it is, so probably, so i think that there are a lot of defenders after all. yes, they probably protect us, at least we are in this world. everyone is already standing days for the fort, even one child was born, but, unfortunately, he did not survive, the defenders had no water. true, the soldiers found ice in the basement, a taste that the soldiers will remember for a long time, but unfortunately, this is a small a handful was not enough; the men shot back, while the women tried to calm the children and look after them earlier. raisa abakumova ended up in the brest fortress because of the eagle along with her mother. and it so happened that she headed

the infirmary in the eastern port. and this is how she remembered those days. the wounded began to arrive, and the bombing continues. well, we said that this is a case at the border. soon ours will come, it will all be over, but it lasted for a day and the third, and so on, the wounded came, and i bandaged the seriously wounded. there there is also a funeral to work with the wounded , there were enough worms in the wounds, gas gangrene appeared, since there were no disinfectants and aseptic dressings. but we continued to hold fast. we fought as best we could for the lives of the wounded after the flight abakumov was taken prisoner, fled from it for almost the entire war, remained in brest after it was hijacked in germany then. she returned to oryol although many defenders of the eastern port considered her dead and, by the way, they even wrote about it in the press, after reading this article. raisa ivanovna decided not to write died and the eternal memory of paradise to you

, she thought, but she was searched for and raisa abakumova became the only woman who received it. the award for participation in the defense of the east fort , she lived a long life when her relatives asked why she did not tell anything. i didn't do anything, it was my duty. if we learned about the merits of rai's nurse later, then the feat of major gavrilov was recognized back in the forty-first. and the germans themselves. they called him the soul of the resistance of the brest fortress. for now. we know 258 the names of those who held the defense of the eastern fort among them and the last defender of the brest fortress - this is gavrilov pyotr mikhailovich, after attacking the fortress, he led a group of soldiers of his regiment, at the head of which he fought on the rampart at the northern gate of the kuprin fortification, then the garrison of the eastern fort the most powerful blow on the eastern fort of the enemy. inflicted on june 29th. we can only imagine what power it was if the sound

from the explosion was heard even in brest, but also, of course, we can see some big projectiles. here in the museum. there is such an exhibit. after this blow, the govrils with the remnants of their group began to take cover in the casimats of the eastern fort. pyotr mikhailovich was on the thirty-second day of the war on july 23. what kind of person was that? major gavrilov who continued to fight, even when everything turned out to be meaningless and lost, this is an important question later and for many years they remembered that he was such a tough person. know heart to heart with him. the soldiers, of course, did not dare to talk. and he himself recalled that even the days of the defense of the fort, and between battles, uh, the women somehow asked him about what song he likes . he prefers not fake interest. pyotr mikhailovich also challenged the enemy. they say the purpose of the enemy. it was not

so much to take the casemate. how much to look at that very last defender of the soldiers who captured pelengavrilov and brought him to the camp told the doctors that the man in whose body is already two and two warm and life. just often back alone took with them. the battle. he threw grenades, fired a pistol and killed and wounded several nazis such a strong-willed man survived captivity was released by the soviet troops in may 1945 in a concentration camp after a special check he was restored to his military rank and in the party after pyotr mikhailovich was awarded the title of hero of the soviet union the last defender of the fort as he her bequeathed was buried at the brest garrison cemetery next to his comrades. you

loved the sun back honey on the grass and the wavy fields in the spikelets of the village church fell, but when it enveloped the earth and the war awaited came. you left for the motherland fighting to defend the land from enemies. what were you like, where are you great-grandfather and my strong beautiful

smokers. we were the same, where are your great-grandfathers, mine were and remembered by the belarusian, no. here i stand, i'm the great-granddaughter of the bell. mom and dad call sonnyshka, when i look in the mirror. i see you when a song is sung forever ugly. open up to me.

beautiful handsome

after june 1941, the brest fortress remained in ruins, but not

life, not war did not stop july . private fyodor dubini was finally able to send the first news to his relatives ; hello, my dear dad, mother nadya, brothers vera seryozha and other insolent german fascist pack defeated our regiment at four in the morning on june 22, when we were still sleeping , the blow was lightning fast, because we lived near a wire fence with our hurricane fire. he demolished our building like a feather of his comrades, so far i have not seen a single one, maybe i will not see. many stayed. well, many are in the rear in partisan detachments. here we form a part this is the last drop of blood to beat the german, bastard, victory will be ours, although with great losses for us. what is the matter in such wars at the first opportunity i will write you a letter, papa vera

give my sincere greetings. let him live in peace and bring up his dear son. seryozha letters, until you need to write, and then it will be clear from brest to klimovichi came on foot on front roads 19 days is 700 km. i remain alive and well. kissing hard fighting. hello, hello, your peter and fedor did not just survive. he lived to see the thirty-ninth victorious spring. scientists of the brest fortress rejoice at any news or was a discovery, and do not scrupulously study the biographies of everyone who fought on the territory of the fortress died here and especially appreciates those who survived, and every year there are less and less of them. it’s not just the legends of the brest fortress that friends and loved ones leave, just such warm trusting relationships developed among the staff of the memorial complex defenders and their families. we will ask the scientific

secretary of the memorial complex about this in more detail. brest fortress hero larisa bibik good morning. good morning. we are with you in the museum of war territory of the world and here there are faces of people everywhere, and there are a huge number of them. but for your work here in the memorial complex how many defenders did you meet? oh, you know, i'm at a loss to say the exact number, because if you talk in person, then, it will probably e. it is limited by some chronological framework, when i came here to work, and in absentia, all those names that are known to us today. and we have almost 5,000 of them in our filing cabinets - these are those who were in the forty-first and those who came in 1944, who liberated our city, we are not just familiar. we are proud that they are their most joyful events in life about the birth of grandchildren, great-grandchildren or grief when their loved ones leave with these feelings and thoughts. they also share with us and we value this, and in this, probably,

feature of the land of the brest fortress. how was your message? you know, it's always unusual. sometimes it could be at 3:00 at night, when our defenders of the fortress first came to the meeting and in the morning, when there were still no big grandiose meetings, and 3-5 people each, they came, uh, ordinary days, uh at dawn and ran as they said, we ran to our guys. someone then brought their children, someone wrote grandchildren. someone just shared their relics, because even when it was created this museum exhibit. uh, those who were children during the war years remembered staying with us in belarus during the years of the occupation. day after day, they helped us create an exposition, so they can be considered not just defenders of a fortress during difficult times, but so joyful when we create an exposition that preserves memory of great actual events and human destinies. tell me, taking into account your experience of dealing with such people, without exaggeration, heroic personalities.

maybe there is some kind of observation, some one quality that unites all these people. well, for me, they are, first of all, very modest people to them, and it came so complete with the assignment of the brest fortress the title of fortress of heroes in 1965, and for the first time celebrating the twentieth anniversary of the defense of the brest fortress, they were here in june 1961. that only now they are becoming one row with all veterans of the great patriotic war, because for many of them the war began here, then the difficult roads of captivity, then post-war recognition, but as the person to whom we must bow low said and he is in the same row as the defenders of the fortress of sergei sergeevich smirnov, the author of the book brest fortress. he said, well, not everyone, of course, has awards for the participants in the defense of the brest fortress, but one title of defender of the brest fortress is equivalent to the word hero. larisa, we

have already begun to talk a little about destinies. i understand that all the defenders of the brest fortress, or people involved in this. eh, fate is already unusually difficult. well, maybe there are, but some personal stories that especially hooked you or especially you expensive. you know when i get asked questions like this and i get asked very often. i always find it difficult to say who i can single out, you know? they are so different in their trials that these people had to endure from the experience of my communication with them, because someone came more often, someone less often one of the last who left life. this is pyotr pavlovich kotelnikov, a pupil of a musician platoon. he was the youngest he is known more by the post-war story, because in fact who survived they all lived for those who died in the war. they this was well understood and literally on the eve of his death. it literally happened quite recently, in his letter here to us in a sharp fortress, on behalf of everyone, both the living and the fallen, he asked the current generation and the future.

remember us. that is dearer than the words of this man, whom we saw both younger and older in idle age. and when you know you start to analyze their biography, you understand perfectly that being born in 20-21-22 years and you add years in the first meeting in 1961. you understand perfectly well that these are completely young people who have the whole life was supposed to be ahead, but the war crossed out everything, but their images were photographed. here in these pictures is not accidental. uh, the two parts of the diptych are a memory, they also tell about the meetings, when they met for the first time and how they got to know each other, but there were cases really at meetings when they sent photos for identification . corridor and saw each other's eyes open. here is that look. returned again to those heavy. uh, well, it's very

important for them, and these meetings that are on land of a nearby fortress occur if we visit another city. we are sure to snatch these minutes at least for half an hour, at least for 15 minutes. to in moscow or in st. petersburg or in some other city, as literally e this year. uh, there were our exhibitions in the regions. one of the last saratov come. children, nephews, grandchildren of our fortress defenders, therefore the geography of the brest fortress. i don't think it's limited. only four of these square kilometers, four islands. she is practically everywhere, because two words brest fortress. they have some amazing and such a meaning. and those who were here, both the dead and the dead, there is such an expression, our fallen ones, like sentries, here they stand at the post of what they have done, as it were, they keep us with you.

i gave to everyone who died the brest fortress in the name of our life with you, freedom can be coming here to the memorial where the heroes are buried, their list, even after so much time, is still updated with new names, names that everyone just needs to know and remember it would seem that for more than half a century each brick. every minute of the defense of the brest fortress was thoroughly studied, but this is not so, but the crow of the brest fortress. it is not for nothing that they call hell on earth, in order to restore the picture of those events, half a century is not enough, and the scientific work that has been carried out in the fortress since 1944. we 'll talk to the senior scientist at the memorial complex. olga ignatovich tell us, please, how in 1944 the war was not yet over. work has already begun. yes, indeed, immediately

after the liberation of brest yes, july 28, 1944 the military personnel of the brest garrison were housed in the fortress, and they were the first who began to conduct search work, then even in the scenery of the war, people did not begin to put off such an important matter, for later they dismantled the rubble and the ruins of the brest fortress, and it was then that they began to find the first remains of the dead heroes and began to inform the world of precisely those who, at the cost of their lives, established peace on earth. and one of the first is the name of lieutenant alexei fedorovich naganov. about his remains were discovered in 1949 in the area of ​​trespol fortress gate. then, in total, 15 dead were found, only two names were found by the insert in the medallion, which they read , they found they had ordinary peas from 1968 to the seventy-first year, active work was underway on the construction of the memorial, then 544 people were found on the territory of the brest fortress. then more

than 800 dead rested here and only 2001 names were placed on the slabs of memory, the remains are still found, despite the fact that more than 8 years have passed. states in the lists and as a rule , they were going to drop them down and fall asleep in these funnels instead of the funnels , they also installed according to photographs received from germany . and by what signs at least these three people were installed by two people inserts in medallions, and the third person was a sergeant. denis pakharenko, they found a purse, leather and paper inside. the address and the address were established by relatives. uh, parents sometimes they find a spoon in the ground, too, there will be such a case scribbled his surname, the initials of the military unit olga tell us how the events that took place at the time of the forty-first year were generally restored. yes

, indeed, immediately about the fortress, in general there was very little light. and so, when they began to dismantle the fortress, find the first remains of the first expo and you, documents found weapons of both warring parties, some household items , this topic attracted interest and such another key stage, yes, the restoration of information. e hmm it was 1950 when in the basements of the engineering barracks, document order number one was discovered, it was dated june 24, it was thanks to this unique document, then they established that priceless fact for history that on the third day of the defense of the brest fortress, a meeting of commanders took place, a single defense headquarters was created, and groups were formed breakthrough on the territory of the brest fortress representatives of 21 nationalities are buried. all of them , not for life, stood together shoulder to shoulder for their homeland for peace then for a meter of their native land. they shed their blood for

of one victory of the 800 surviving defenders of the brest fortress, 700 ended up in camps, but not everyone survived the captivity. recently, signs with their names began to appear on the walls of the eastern fort, for example, lieutenant ivan tereshchenko’s artillerymen had a chance to go through three camps in 4 years of captivity, then he ended up as a twenty-year- old boy in 1945, ivan wrote a letter to his mother in his notebook. hello mother, who lost her son that disappeared without a trace in the war, i send greetings from a distant foreign land. this is the first news about me that covered my old paths. it is very difficult to go back. i'm talking about life in this new europe. if you want, i can tell you. i live in the midst of a culture somehow exist, while life is a beggarly life

of a hungry, driven volleyka, and the back side was once dumplings crumpets, and now i'm off to spin. we are used to vitamins in excess, because i'm big here, i see orders, others with our brother don't like to joke for a snack, they give chops and while letting go of credit. i walk heavily in big wooden stocks, rattling, and in overcoats full of holes, dirty, and uniforms, purely decrepit, but i i object persistent between us only the similarity of figures, the beggar walks unknown to anyone, and i am protected by the honor of ivan tereshchenko managed to pass the captivity and live to see the day of victory after the war. he lived in volgograd for another 40 civilians, and still it seems that life measured him unfairly little for the four years that he spent in the camps. fate tested the strength

of the fortress defenders more than once, and even after the heroic battle for brest they had to win back . death for the sake of life has its value in the first seconds. understand? this is the war museum. the territory of the world appeared in 2014. eight exhibition halls are organized in such a way that everyone who comes to think about the meaning of the words war and peace. here it is the starry sky in the southern town, the last peaceful night on the eve, symbolic because many who did not manage to leave the fortress. those who remained to defend her valiantly, as if the stars were already fading in captivity in the center of the installation hall. it is made in the form of a wagon in such wagons they transported prisoners, and camps in order to place them in some kind of camps in workers teams and in the installation can be seen in mannequins made in the form of prisoners and these mannequins wear the clothes of real prisoners from different camps. mostly.

this is the clothes that we received from the maidannik memorial, where it was a concentration camp during the war years and the clothes that were given to us by the participants in the defense of the fortress . fortress vasily about nesterovich lobanov who was captured here in june 1941, in 1945 , he escaped from captivity in the month of april, then returned home to his homeland in this particular sweater and kept it at home for a long time. apparently for him. it was a very expensive thing. during the years of world war ii , 18 million people went through captivity. only 7 million people returned from concentration camps, prisons and the ghetto. through zhirnov. gave buchinwald. and about 30 more places on the map were passed by the defenders of the fortress. for several years outside of human conditions, people have changed before the eyes of vasily nesterovich chelobanov in ein doctor. here are his pre-war photos here he is 22 years old.

there are 24, feel the difference vasily nesterovich chelobanov, who survived. in 1943, while in the pikulichi camp, he rewrote a grad collection of medical prescriptions, this collection was real with his friend, with whom he was in captivity and he did it. this is most likely in order to so as not to forget these recipes, since he was a medic let's tell you that there are a lot of captives. really. they didn't get discouraged. they, on the contrary, supported each other, despite the difficult conditions of captivity in which people found themselves, they nevertheless tried to resist, as far as possible, of course, in different camps in different conditions. they, uh, wrote some poems, wrote letters , wrote songs, they could also resist the camp regime. uh, when they worked at certain factories, they committed sabotage in order to let out a low-quality product, let's say, from the german conveyors, we know that, for example, in a concentration camp there was a collection

of about. eh, soviet song. e, ra. from the sea wide in the original was written on birch bark with beetroot juice, and this song has it. ah, wonderful words, the hero knows how, when it would seem for life there were every reason to become embittered. these children marat natasha and alexander were shot together with their mother by the nazis on romanov farms simply because their father was a soviet officer. captain of the 22nd panzer division victor rozhnetsovsky. he went through the whole war and survived, in total , almost 13,000 children died in brest during the period of occupation. here on this, giving in the photograph of the thirty-eighth year of one girl. her the name of the children's teddy bear was natasha when we went to the city, st. petersburg. uh, creative team to find material. we went to different stores, including antiques, and here in one of the stores. we saw this bear cub, which is very similar to the one in the photo. probably this is a pre-war teddy bear, he is a symbol of those children who died during

the great patriotic war. and those children from whom this very war took away their peaceful childhood, but perhaps this one. e the bear cub is related to pre- war leningrad. and perhaps even survived the blockade by the roads of memory, we reach the eighth hall. the picture was taken in 1961 in the fortress by photographer mikhail ananin , a man without a leg walked half the world, crying on the ruins of the fortress , participants in its defense vladimir ivanovich fursov when the war began, he fought on the kobrin fortification. during the battles. he was seriously wounded in a bucket of his right leg and was already seriously wounded and was taken prisoner, despite his disability he went through several camps, was released in the forty-fifth in poland when vladimir ivanovich arrived at the railway station in the city of alma-ata, he went out onto the platform and was surprised to see that his mother was standing next to him in his car. she came up and began to hug him, and he heard that she called him there, vladimir and george and that was the name of his younger

brother, when she said, mom, i'm your eldest son vladimir, she just fainted out of surprise, and the brothers were very similar, tall stately red-haired, when mom came to her senses. she told vladimir that she considered him dead, because in the years war received a notice that he was missing. it turned out that she came to meet her youngest son george, whose search was late and already together, being on the platform. they waited until georgy arrived when georgy went out onto the platform, then my mother saw that the second son of the youngest did not have a left leg, if you are a day in her life, she met two sons who returned home alive vladimir ivanovich after the war continued his education greedily made up for everything what the war took from him became a doctor biological sciences professor, author of more than 90 scientific papers. fursov lived for 73 years. his life was full of trials, but he never lost heart, saying that i was going into life in order to

burn brighter. brest was docked on the first day of the war, this city survived the longest occupation. among all belarusian cities about its conditions, we will talk with the senior researcher of the memorial complex, the brest fortress hero galina yuryevna bogdanovich galina yuryevna good morning. there are more accurate ones. how long did the occupation last brest and what kind of regime did the fascists become here? yes, indeed, as you said, our city has been in occupation for the longest time. this is 1.132 days and the occupation regime was established, which involved the use of the civilian population at work. here in the city, and now, massively in the forty-second year they began to take out residents for forced labor in germany, and already in the first days on the streets of the city on the territory of our city, executions of the civilian population began according to the census of the forty-first

year in brest, 51,000 people lived, if we are already taking liberation on july 28, 194. the fourth year our city was liberated. and in the first days after the liberation, there were about 15,000 in the city, that is, 51,000 and 15,000. we can understand, in what yes, already in the first days, a ghetto is created in the city, that is, the entire jewish population. it was rounded up by e and lived in the ghetto, which was located in the center of our city, this is sovetskaya gogol street, cosmonauts boulevard, almost 18,000 people were shot on october 15-16, 1942 . these are the fates of people. it's them destroyed crippled lives of german documents. it all comes with such dry numbers. uh, a liquidation campaign was carried out. the ghetta city's population dropped by 51,000 to 303,000. the germans. the task was not to wipe

the city off the face of the earth. true, there was a task to establish their own rules here, even to open institutions. here tell us more about it. and yes indeed. and the city, as well as in principle, the territory of the soviet union was planned to be used as their needs. these are the sources of raw materials - these are, first of all, the sources of labor, which they would assume people would work for the needs of germany, and in the forty-second year the ost plan was approved - this is a plan for using the population of the occupied territories in accordance with this plan, from 46 to 50 million of the population of the soviet union was planned to be really destroyed and everything that we talked about and is part of the implementation of this plan. uh, 25% of the belarusians were to be destroyed, 30% were planned to be evicted beyond the urals , where the factories where our people would work would actually be built. well, what about during the occupation period. all the necessary administrative buildings are what is necessary

for the functioning of life there in the city. this suggests that they were actually sure that they were here forever, that they were here for a long time and how to function. there any city structures were created. we understand that e by some forces. yes , these terrible orders had to be carried out. really. uh, here is the front, it is moving deep into the soviet union and here these polygirs are immediately formed, which at the time of the start of the great patriotic war were in the brest fortress in conditions. you are in this city. children, some of them had babies and it was necessary to somehow live through the moments when the nazis later allowed them to return here to the fortress, there women and, uh, the family of the foreman of the seventy-fifth separate reconnaissance battalion ivan timofeevich. sdrena was also here in the fortress, his wife. sophia and the bathroom have three children , the eldest boy dmitry was six years old, and the girls raisa was one year old. she was born in 1940, and she was in the city with three children and her i was somehow drawn to return here to the fortress. she

came home destroyed, but on the ruins of her ruined home. she found a singer sewing machine. she took it, and in fact. this is a sewing machine, she could live ahead of the occupation, because she sewed clothes, for which she was given food for something else, and so she survived with her children already in the forty-fourth year , they moved to the city of oryol where galina yuryevna lived and how the germans used the facilities of the brest fortress during the occupation. uh, during the occupation, there were security units on the territory of the fortress german on the territory of the trespol fortification. there was such a special item. eh, when a soldier was given leave to a soldier of the 45th infantry division, he came here to the territory of the polish fortification and handed over all his weapons. there is a uniform to change into a civilian uniform. went on vacation, then came back. well, that is, the way the base was, uh, during all these events and uh, the destruction in the fortress too. i think that some, probably part of the same brick. she, too, most likely, was exported to germany.

because then it's here. uh, when our city was liberated, our city was also destroyed by almost 40%, even more. the housing stock was destroyed and on the territory of the fortress there were some ruined buildings that were very badly damaged. they dismantled this brick. he went to restore the housing stock and to restore the same three friends, because people returned, and returned where the city was destroyed, you need to live somehow. something else needs to be started, actually. that's how it all happened. let not as notes of the nose, the capture of the brest fortress began the offensive of the nazi invaders on the ussr and at the end of the war, and just like that, they were not going to give the fortress brest itself, the germans created a powerful fortified area near the city with a large number of pillboxes and minefields to maintain morale

, an order was issued hitler about the impossibility of retreating from these positions, but this did not help. as a result, on july 28, 1944, the fortress and brest were liberated and this happened in less than two days. first, the war was a corporal. misha kokon met under the bar. a here is victory day already in the berlin area the end of the war. we found out in the berlin area on the night of may 8-9, how touching it was, i will say, only one thing. the soldiers were sitting and crying. i couldn't cry, because there was a big lump in my throat on the morning of may 9, 1945, we were lined up. i looked at the handover again. the soldiers are crying. i think such combatants have looked death in the eye more than once. they fought so bravely, and here the nerves could not stand it. the soldier got it very hard, this victory cost a lot of soviet material to mikhail, who marveled soldier's tears. at that time he was 24 years old.

a little older than him was private boris gladkov, who started the war in brest and met victory day in königsberg, but the whole war was difficult. that is why victory day is dear to us . imagine the environment of a soldier in the spring , a shallow dugout for being, and sleeping, where you can breathe a little. but no, bombs and shells are bursting from above, and melting water oozes from below , expelling you from dugouts. how tired we would be to sleep a dream, but together victory and at the end of the war flew around all fronts with lightning speed jubilation knew no bounds to the joy of happiness, remembered the hearts of people everywhere both at the front and in the deep rear after the war, boris alekseevich became an honored artist of russia, a jeweler necklace. actually, according to his sketches, she traveled almost the whole world, by the way, but it is kept in

the kremlin, so it is called spring. after the war , memorial posts with sentries and those that existed on the territory of the ussr began to appear at the signs and places of military glory. 167 brestsky did not stop his watch for a single day. and this, despite all the economic and political vicissitudes, but this year the brest memorial post celebrates 51 years since its formation. during this time, hundreds of thousands of army men have been on duty here. today , let's get to know them. whose turn is it now? i wish to listen to you good morning, ekaterina antonova tatyana matusevich. we came to you to shoot and for sure, we are looking for

the chief of staff. i seem to be strict and fair, but if necessary, i try, i see myself already as a psychologist. yes, such teachers with experience write. i have more than 20 years of teaching experience, then i'm already somewhere there and i can joke and make fun of it somewhere. well, so that the guys can not only be in suspense. well, a little somewhere to relax every year. more than 1,000 students attend the school of courage. in each educational institution of the city of brest, a memorial detachment has been created, where children who like military uniforms are enrolled, which are not indifferent to the historical memory of their homeland, where they receive the basics, and drill learn their job duties, the whole series is formed. this is the first stage. uh, making an urban

the memory watch ends, it is a review of readiness 2 days before the intercession, when forming a detachment, the age center is taken into account. it must be from the age of 14. uh, kids and plus health clearance. well, the most important thing is a personal desire. after passing this stage, students get into the guard of honor. everyone keeps watch of memory once a year, 7 days a week from thursday. on wednesday, the time of carrying. memory watch. at the eternal flame, every change of 15-20 minutes , we meet the guys who i just take up the post. we're at headquarters this morning. here we have a room boys and girls room. we come here in free form. we change into military uniforms. here we have a rest room. we spend our leisure time free time retreat. here we play checkers and chess. here we have the museum and the forum is being reorganized into the refrigerator room. fire

training is taking place here, a young man free performance of time, they collect, they dismantle shops, except for the direct shifting of shifts. a whole range of educational activities are held at the eternal flame. for this week. the guys visit five museums, which information blocks are held on the territory of the memorial complex. guys, based on the results of the introduction, they release a wall newspaper and a soldier. also, each on a real detachment is given a task. this is a teacher's historical essay. they say that this week changes children a lot. they become more organized and serious the memory of grateful generations, for the sake of which for half a century now tatyana ivanovna has been keeping watch here day after day let's remember your school years, when you took up post-memory. remember these emotions feeling like it was you know this an unforgettable moment in my life i always really wanted not all the watch at the number one memory post, because

my parents' personal example was that they brought me love for the motherland, love for the land of the fortress and a sense of respect for my grandfather was a participant in the great patriotic war and did not stand at the post of memory being a resident of the city of brest. well, for me it was simply incompatible for my being. i defended seven times, but we have one to whom the first time happened, just yesterday your son daniel is also with us here today. yes nobody good morning. tell us about your first emotions. you experienced it for the first time, something about which, for sure, your mother told you many times at home. yes, it was very strong, but i really wanted to take over the number one post. i followed in the footsteps of my mother and brother. and it's difficult. well, yes, it's very difficult. but tell me when the tourists come, for sure, because they come. it can be a selfie, or

something there to allow, for example, how you are holding on, it’s good for me. i can really stand here without even an eye, that is, you are taught this here. yes, you are now also the principal of the school. as far as i know, it turns out, participate in the formation. these are the same groups that from every brest school take up the post of memory, when the guys are preparing, uh, a memorial detachment, and i always come to the car hall and tell about myself about how important it was for me. i always bring photos. i always bring the medals that i deserve and, again, by personal example. you probably need to let danila go, because his post begins right now, please. have a nice day, thank you. the eternal flame was and remains a living, connecting link between the past and the present.

the museum of the defense of the brest fortress is the writing desk of sergei smirnov , a front-line writer, from whose book the recognition of the merits of the defenders of the brest fortress began, his work, in fact, is continued by the workers of the memorial complex. and what it's like to preserve the memory of such a place will be told by grigory basyuk, the director of the memorial complex, the hero of the brest fortress. hello. good morning. grigory grigoryevich, please tell me, here we are we have been in the brest fortress for several hours and that's it. this is in order to feel the atmosphere you are here, come every day to work. what is it like to work in such a place? you know, i didn’t expect that so much time and moonshine would once work here, well, the first impression is a boy, when we ran here from school looking for someone’s shells, someone’s cartridges i remember even the moment that i got mine here the komsomol ticket is

in the halls of the fortress defense museum. then he was the only one to work here. believe me. well, it's not hard to say. this is apparently wrong responsibly too wrong here. need to go. not only me. i think so, and all our employees who come to work here. uh, with a special feeling, but i'm glad that we have a very wonderful team, and in my opinion they can absolutely most convey their state of mind, their attitude to history, their attitude to the defense of the brest fortress to those defenders who died defending it and those who survived, because we met with some of them. i'm in in particular at the same time. true, there were still boys. i met in the seventy-first year with pyotr mikhailovich gavrilov, hero

of the soviet union, the title that he received precisely for the defense of the brest fortress, therefore very expensive. believe me. and if you live this story, if you experience it , you meet with every visitor you work with or with every group, if you convey your feelings. internal state. maybe then you'll be able to do something. it must be preserved, multiplied and done so so that as many people as possible come here to get to know history, get in touch with it, empathize with many facts, remember when you meet, sometimes they talk to our visitors. you were moved to tears, you somehow admitted that you wanted to become a military man. so it turns out, here in the fortress. you feel like you're on duty. and who is under your command, in fact, well, in childhood,

as already a little more than 10 years of work and head the team of memorial complexes. i don't hide. today i can declare to the whole republic that with such a team they notice people into groups of visitors. we have especially in the days of may on june 22, well, literally thousands over to organize groups. the guys are mobilizing, my colleagues, and everything is in my opinion. everything, it turns out a wonderful amount than working with this large team. i know that at 200,000 in 2018, the program of the union state for the reconstruction of the brest fortress began, and from that moment three new ones appeared. how did you look for exhibits? how were they filled? well, uh , filled up, basically, we have problems there were no big ones. the main funds are more than 53,000 items. and if

it is also auxiliary, then, of course, it is more than 90,000. therefore, fortunately, we had no problems in this regard. but on a separate note today, i can once again say words of gratitude for the support of our proposals, e.g., the approval of the program and the union state to the leaders of our states and the government of the ministry of culture of russia of belarus, because here everyone helped us in this regard. uh, at a very high good level and the result of this work for 3 years. we have created three expositions. well, nevertheless, there are a lot of spheres of life of the work of the fortress. but is it possible to single out any one project for today, which for you is the most important one of the main ones, and we already say so, figuratively abandoned the bait. we want to continue work on the object, probably the overhaul of the conservation

of the objects of the brest fortress without creating an exposition. we see that there is a need. here is the external one, it seems that our main monument looks good, but requires capital repair. the main entrance also needs a major overhaul of the bridge in the area of ​​cultural composition. thirst we have, uh, a number of rooms that need to be put in order and used, uh, in working with our youth in the first place, probably with the youth. and here is the project that is being prepared now, and alexander grigoryevich has already agreed with the creation of a republican youth-patriotic center on the territory of the kobrin region. here, and we have, uh, south barracks a room where we could invite guys from of the same youth patristic center and just our schoolchildren, students of city schools and newspapers, who will come to our museum pedagogical classes, we

know that tens of millions of people have already visited the brest fortress. many of them have done this more than once. what do you personally think? why you have to come here again and again, probably, a lot depends on at what age you come, someone comes with children, in, uh, 15-20 years. he comes already as children and with his children this time he perceives information in a different way perceived. after all, a lot depends on how our employees presented this information about the story of the defense of the brest fortress, if it touched the soul of the heart. uh, a person, if he orders the third and even the second time, it means that it is no coincidence that we have so many places where we need. come and say thank you. probably those who defended our earth to those people who well created, maybe today's real ones too, because this is the generation of people who are alive,

but many have also passed away, but they made our belarus so wonderful. bruising beautiful independent, so they also say thank you, because the future belongs to the youth, and the real ones were created by those who live. who lived dozens of years ago thank you very much for being involved in preserving this history for us so that we can touch everything our states grigory grigoryevich let's invite those who may not have been here yet, but are going to come. i can also address belarusians and guests of our belarus who are watching the program today. come to our brest fortress. i said our brest fortress - this does not mean drishchan. i believe that our pruning fortress lies with both belarusians and

russians and everyone else. he believes, he believes , and he believes that victory will always be for those. who is creating? they say that the war is not over until it is buried. the last soldier. so, not all soldiers are buried in the brest fortress yet. and let us not be able to call by name to all the dead. but. we can mentally thank them and say that their sacrifice was definitely not in vain free your head for thoughts, and your heart for thanks. think what victory day means for this place. and what does it mean for you personally. feel the ground under your feet , hear the murmur of the river, squint from the sun and feel and realize that you live and

can even plan the day and everything. this is possible thanks to the world. let's wish it to everyone and everyone and it will be the best double victory. hero i will leave on the road of eternity, we will open our memories to him and again the fates will come to life on every page lived, not repeated spring, the heroes of the face are looking at us. and rush into soul exactly. remember for your happiness of their

life, their fellow, the heroes are alive people. in the eyes of the eyes pierce the years subdued eyes in them the honor and courage of the people and the mother's tear sounds and speak more often to

their children for life. bless their youth. and remember the heroes are alive people, remember the heroes are alive people. remember as long as their names are spoken.

heroes are alive people remember heroes are alive people.

remember while they and me sound. we confidently walk into the new day and do it to our own music, which sounds inside each of us. she's everywhere in the sun in no timid, movements at our fingertips

, music inspires, makes us think and opens thousands of roads before us. music can change the world because it can change us music is within each of us. facts that have been hidden under the heading secret for decades. you just need to have a wild fantasy to imagine how i went out there , they took away children and threw children

to shepherd dogs, eyewitness accounts and miraculously, surviving prisoners of concentration camps, we will tell and show dozens of inquisitorial operations did not give water in a concentration camp was we took this dirty snow was warmed up in the palms and so we translate the genocide without the right to

life , watch on belarus 24 tv channel . today , together with you, as well as with all the participants

of this great day, we give. tribute to eternal memory. to all those who died during the war years, and we celebrate the anniversary of the victory on may 9