this is food for prisoners of war. the red army soldiers were not released. they had to be fed at the expense of the local population, the occupying authorities took away food from civilians who already had nothing to eat, therefore, in the pow camps, prisoners of war died of hunger by the thousands during the years of the great patriotic war in belarus, 810,000 prisoners of war 88,407 people died. of these, 337 were destroyed in talaga . these are the data of the emergency state commission. people were dying of hunger, hunger , diseases, they were killed, hung, poisoned in the soul , half-dead sponges were buried in graves. very harsh cruel regime of the nazis set in the concentration camp. all these canvas guards walked about them with their feet and lead balls were fixed at the ends of these legs, for example, they beat the prisoners.

lately, they have been wearing corrugated tubes from a gas mask stuffed with wet sand. one blow was enough for a person to fall down . 337 was one of the largest camps for a long war in the occupied territory of the soviet union. there was also a quarantine camp, which was located in the forest just a couple of kilometers from the main one. that lacquer was the central link in this system, relatively speaking, that the office was located in the lags, and its branches were located in any other cities and villages, if we are talking about the fact that lager researchers have several versions of august and september of the forty -first year that are close in time, but there the exact date of liquidation is january 19, 1944. the civilian population of the river woman was kept here. we were brought in wagons we were placed there, as from cats and here the station

brought, and then on foot. and where further, it means that other birches stood up, this concentration camp, each of the departments began to function at different times of the day, a branch that lag 337 earned 41 infrastructure for the camp was already a former soviet military town 10 artillery stick nearby the delivery of captive cities, in short, wire, as well, which were around the perimeter. towers. placed controls were issued and zhitomins. here and uh, in the camp. so they acted it was established, uh, two field kitchens in baranovichi central prison, they have several tanks in the room. designed for 3,000 people, there were tens of thousands of prisoners, there were not enough places. they fell asleep standing

up. many were on the street now , people were cold outside, summer gymnastics, to somehow warm up a prisoner of war. uh, that is, in these barracks they climbed into the attics. uh, in the morning there was a formation formation, people were still supposed to go to this formation by doc. that is, this roll call is equal-scale climbed onto the roof. well, to come down with a roof. they were low buildings , it was easier to go down, the german guards arranged entertainment. they shot those who climbed onto their roof on their prisoners. this was the entertainment of a separate barracks taken away for the war on captured women. there were about 400 of them . they were scouts, parachutists, medical workers. those who were arrested for liaising with partisans as pickers had no sanitary concessions for women. the attitude of the german command of the attitude of the invaders towards soviet women, especially from among the military personnel - this is a pain in itself. uh,

it was not customary to talk about this for a long time, but soviet servicemen are women. well, sister prodists for others in all positions. they knew about this relationship. they knew what awaited them in the german tribe. this inevitable torture is rape. this is the death of the main camp near the lesnaya station, wheels were created. it was practically a bare field along the perimeter , they set up towers with machine guns, the territory was fenced in two rows with barbed wire under electric current. between them on the ground. they also stretched the wire in the form of a spiral, the carriages by soviet prisoners of war began to stay at lesnaya station already in the summer of forty-one, thousands of previously exhausted hungry red army soldiers lined up along the ravine and through the village or to the camp a path of 5 km, not all of them could overcome some, some could only walk a few meters, they were thrown into ravine and covered with earth. the first prisoners

of stalag 337 were the red army soldiers, who were captured on the territory of belarus, then they brought soldiers captured under the spruce, smolensk vyazma and rzhev moscow they were taken in thousands at the same time in the camp near the lesnaya station there could be about 55,000 people. the soviet prisoner of war lived in hastily knocked together bars in bars with him , it was not even the barracks that we saw today in the films of the patriotic war. this is an ordinary wooden plank, in which snowdrifts were blown in winter. uh, this is the lack of elementary bunks. yes, then anars appeared in two tiers. yes, but the conditions of detention were sleeping in turn, which means four furious ones, which were divided into cells a meter and a half. in each the cell accommodated three people, so not everyone fit in the barracks; many lived in the open.

the prisoners were on the street under the sun in the rain, and later, in the cold winter of forty-one and forty-two, there was no medical care for the soviet prisoners of war, the german command did not let go, there were not even bandages to bandage the wounds, the germans did everything for that zhilin did not wash for 4 months . uh, everything was covered in lice, the skin was dirty gray in ulcers. they lay, tightly, clinging to each other, or there was not enough space. and in this position they were supposed to spend the night. and here is and on hence and disease. e , especially on the lower planks, people who were, e, means clothes, teemed with unbearable living conditions from the neck , accompanied by constant hunger, the daily food norm of 150 hz of bread. this is bread in sips and a bowl of gruel boiled from rotten potatoes. this half-decomposed all

animals e horsemeat, that is, cooked in boilers, and this was given to prisoners of war by people. the hungry grabbed and drank this gang and, accordingly , an intestinal infection developed. doctors. if they warned the prisoners not to gnaw, especially bones. this bone marrow, because it is poison, but the people were hungry. and so there was such an destruction, we came there, that there was no water, no heat, nothing there , everything, e that there was nothing to eat, of course, we were small, and he wanted food and drink, well, outwardly i was convinced of nowhere. everywhere these germans stand and dogs themselves. just remember why so doing there were some? there was some kind of meat and some worms, they were swimming there. here is something i remember. here for some reason we are here is this horror.

from some they saw this, well, they ate, while the prisoners were sent daily to physical prisoners of war immediately shot, and the local residents, they remained, uh, in a concentration camp, and those dogs who had been there for a long time. uh, in a concentration camp, they were starved to death and later shot. according to the norms of several conventions, officers were not supposed to take part in any work. yes, and the command was somewhat cool about this requirement, believing that the soviet the union itself does not deserve any norms, no branches of the geneva convention. 337 there were several more places where they were, prisoners of war from this structure, their places of detention belonged to the administration of the occupying authorities in the places the great ones provided a well-fed life for the nazis. immediately after the start of the great patriotic war , the two-story house of the railway workers at

the lesnaya station was executed by some here behind barbed wire, several dozen prisoners were kept and began to work. 337 was appointed zikret and horn baltic german guard originally carried out by 861 wehrmacht security battalions. consists of 150 people. in the camp itself, the abwehr acted reconnaissance, one of the tasks of which was to form a camp administration from prisoners of war, the commandants of baranovichi , polyakins in lesnoy peshkov, were appointed; uh, that is, a little better fed a little separately. they lived in another hut, they also wore e, on their sleeves

the bandage was in service. well, for some reason , a rubber hose with a lead tip for selection to their units passes a lot in the case. the administration of the camp disappeared from the germans, divided the prisoners according to the national principle, since the group identified the ukrainians on the cards of prisoners of war , they are marked with a letter, they decided to form a security unit of the ukrainian hundred formation. it started at marty 42 on a voluntary basis. according to the testimony of the same present day. uh, the soldier of the ukrainian ship was e like that, that is, they received an ordinary soldier 10 german marks, the commander of the department 12 marks the commander of the cigarettes. each of the members of the ukrainian hundred was captured in different ways, and at different times nestor chernobay, for example, was surrounded near smolensk and hid in one of the villages for several days, but in december of the forty-first year, his

namesake was captured. grigory chernobay in june 1941 was wounded under the zhytomimer. after treatment, he returned to the front near stalingrad, where in august 1942 he was captured. andrey yarosh was surrounded in the area whether nesvizh tried to go out to his own people or the decision to surrender came immediately is unknown, but the fact remains that he independently came to the german commandant's office, which at that time was in the castle. initially, he was sent to a prison in baranovichi from there to the forestry from kombat, he became the head of the ukrainian hundred. ira, before the war, worked as a teacher at a school, taught chemistry, and during the great patriotic war, he helped train ukrainian hundreds of fighters, three compositions of about 100 people each. first of all, shooting preparation for the execution of german, uh commands, the position of weapons and so on, but then there was fire training. uh, the basics of guard escort tactical training. that is, how

to protect the firing zone during an attack by the partisans , and so on. well, they prepared so seriously in the camp. they felt like they were in charge of protecting the inner perimeter of their job. they beat the prisoners. they raped women, they shot them, they stuffed sponges in their showers, they destroyed 700 people a day, they buried them near the camp. i know that there were prisoners of war before us prisoners of war. and here they are , throwing all of them back and forth in the enemies. that's what i remember, i also went all the way and from here until now i even go through gas stations. i have to go through the stitch. this i am his flax. i look at this side, where i saw human bones as enemies. it was scary, it was just scary, and in the second half of 43, they began to cover up the traces of their crimes , mass graves were equal to the ground, then trees were planted there, they created

a single burial, in which they buried prisoners of war who died in the fall of forty-third, but in the sixty-seventh, during the investigative actions in the case of the ukrainian hundred, hundreds of events were carried out, so that the truth became known, the nearest settlements to the camp berezovka, a small forest village , here in the sixty-seventh , each of the 13 accused in the case of the ukrainian hundred years of the great patriotic war was taken in turn war accomplices of the nazis. here for the stalag administration. they took water everything would be fine, but instead of horses in a cart. they harnessed the emaciated and thin prisoners. they pulled barrels of water, and on the cart sat one of the ukrainian participants. hundreds and drove the war prisoners with a hose from a gas mask that was stuffed with sand of the 13 nazi accomplices from the ukrainian hundred who were tried in the sixty -seventh, two former officers of the red army

gayeva and the rest were privates , several dozen former nazi accomplices from this unit were identified during the investigation , but the devil's dozen lies before the court as a result of the operational measures taken. complexes of searched events, it was established about 60. these are the members of the ukrainian cell. the mission could not be held accountable. uh, it's been over 20 years since the calorie events. and many simply were, they died, yes, they disappeared after a radical change in the great patriotic war 10 out of 13 people went to the partisans at once , several to the suvorov detachment of the partisan brigade. soviet belarus, which operated in the tragic regions of kosovo ruzhany, they said that they were in captivity, they initially conducted a survey, that is, the partisan detachment had its own soloist, who

most worked, but they came here in a group. uh, this is the most testified friend of girlfriends, as a rule, they said or some. who came without weapons. they said that they were in captivity of communication, they hid this information in hundreds, or even it was such, if the partisan’s personal card, that he came from the ukrainian hundreds. they were at the time i was there for 10-12 days, i just entered, but they didn’t kill anyone. so to speak, i immediately left the main test in partisan formations - this is a test of the battles, participation in the sub-tree of the german echelons, the defeat of the garrisons. they even have awards, for example, grigory chernobain was awarded the order of glory of the third degree and two medals for courage, and star chernobain was wounded near koenigsberg with her last name. after being wounded, he remained disabled. he was also awarded the order of glory of the third degree. removal at the moment of the arrest of the sixty- seventh year, he was in military service. that is, he remained to serve, he was a foreman of the company, then, uh, the rank of foreman of the re-enlisted. he served as the head of the warehouse,

he has a bunch of these awards, then we are both departmental and for the victory of the great patriotic war and for impeccable service, he has excellent characteristics and he took off his shoulder straps, he was already arrested in december, the sixty-seventh tyrant from the ukrainian hundreds were sitting on the dock, the defendants. they did not think that after a quarter of a century they would have to meet again to look into the eyes of those people whom they almost took their lives. schu and people hungry bosses and naked, you know, attacked food, and at that time our tables and small partitions were shot at the edges, and they just sat, and here are all 13 people in a row. uh, no handcuffs without any iron cells. oh yes, there were guards, and the so-called escorted troops. but it was two two people of the

internal affairs bodies for 13 e of convictions. many of those who sat in the dock were considered well-deserved people. sergey gaevoy was a galter of the borozyansky district newspaper. communist labor. grigory kovalenko is the father of eight children, his eldest son at the moment of his father's arrest was an officer in the soviet army . then they integrated into peaceful soviet life in some cases received pensions, as participants in the great patriotic war. enjoyed benefits. they went to speak at schools and were guests of honor at rallies dedicated to them. victory of the family, wife. children. many did not know at all about, let's say, the dark past of their husbands, that is, for them it was the husband's father, who is a veteran front-line soldier, he

had awards and not a single award. and it was just a shock for relatives for wives for children. it was just a shock. which is so carefully they tried to hide the answer, nevertheless, the case of the ukrainian hundreds in the procedural practice of the soviet union had to be exceptional capital punishment, which was sentenced to seven defendants, was not carried out , the convict filed a cassation appeal and a request for pardon, the capital punishment was replaced by 15 years. deprivation of liberty. they were spared their lives for a crime for which there is no statute of limitations, the criminals responded with long sentences.

let's talk about how to be open to the world, no matter what, i'm always ready brag. i always say we can we will we want, because i get really excited about really talented ideas, in fact, the main goal. uh, we pursue if our citizen has an idea capable of commercialization. he must have every opportunity to realize it, which is why we are spinning. so what's more , here are many say the market. here is the market the market needs to spin. what is theater? answer energy exchange. and why it will always be the same, because people come, spectators come. a we give energy. you give us back, we have a cycle going on. oh, and it's happening. something we begin to think to breathe to live differently. uh, the sooner we teach our children to do good deeds from the island. yes they are right

mercy and participation in helping someone in need. uh, a healthier generation is growing up. say, don't be silent, watch on belarus 24 tv channel. every week we review the main topics that have aroused the greatest interest among our viewers and subscribers on social networks. we offer you to learn the belarusian language on a walk with our tv guides. at one time, konstantin tsiolkovsky was not afraid to predict space flights. well, we kindly ask the minsk planetarium for knowledge at once. and we also introduce you to the amazing people who live in belarus and do everything for its development of milk, not suffocating fermented baked milk, a 24/7

project that everyone should see , watch on belarus 24 tv channel . kiss you hard. i live well and beat the fascists hard and

with the feelings that people experienced, i understand how strong and courageous in spirit. they were the history of the great patriotic war from my childhood interest turned into my professional activity. my name is rimmaru. i am a leading researcher at the belarusian state museum of the history of the great patriotic war.

i have been working for about 10 years and not one day is the same, because every day i do something new, i can work with museum objects, too. i lead excursions , i can prepare exhibitions, when a visitor comes to our museum, he gets acquainted with the exposition, the exposition is built in chronological order, starting from the interwar period and ends with the first post-war decade, the main part of the halls, of course, is dedicated to the events of the great patriotic war. the history of the museum began

back in 1942 in june , a special commission was organized to collect materials on the history of the great patriotic war and on october 22, 1944. in one of the surviving buildings of the city of minsk on freedom square, the first exposition of our museum was opened. just at the time of the opening of the exhibition, the fund consisted of about 10,000 exhibits. and now the funds have more than 157,000 items of storage, the road of war is the largest hall of our museum, and various types of equipment and weapons are presented here, both of the red army and the wehrmacht , and when people come to this hall, they are first struck by the size of this hall, as well as the fact that the objects themselves are presented. uh, artillery, tanks, planes the main question

during the tour is the question. and this is real , that is, here the child goes and asks this question all the time, especially when he looks at tanks or planes, but the planes are not all real real, for example, n from two bomber somewhere in the period of the sixties, there is a moment when they began to actively transfer their personal belongings to the museum. directly participants of the great patriotic war. now their children, grandchildren, and great-grandchildren are already in the museum. hello irina petrovna, you brought us yes, let 's go, of course, the battalions that are engaged in military archeology, which excavate at the battlefields, very often come to us.

these are the objects of the belarusian land that continue to be found. irina petrovna you came to us at the museum. tell us that you brought us an object that this family has long been oral to us from the time of the war. my mother worked in a museum , and perhaps somewhere, somehow, since it has specific symbols that characterize those events, i decided that most likely there is a place here. please tell us about your father, he had icons of various troops, and then a tanker, and then ending the war. he asked. first we study the photographic documents. of course, we ask the donor himself, whether he is a relative or just some person you know, for example from these questions. we will learn for ourselves the history

of this man for a deeper study of museum items. we use materials from the national archives of the republic of belarus from the national library. and then we consider each subject alone. the fund worker has to be very scrupulous and careful concentration must be very strong. trying not to miss out. here are some important points. it really can be compared to the work of a detective. after how an object of museum value became a museum object, that is, we took it for permanent storage. it can end up in a permanent exhibition, or at a temporary exhibition, or in the open funds of the memory box at the bottom of the color, so that our museum does not suffer from museum silence on the eve of a memorable date from

a tragic date. eightieth anniversary of the beginning of the great patriotic war. we have prepared a memory box for an ancient exhibition, where for the first time the items that entered the museum last year are presented, which reveals new names, new destinies somewhere in street in my village. means dakah suburban areas. they think about how to use them, if they see that they are of some value, they can put them on themselves or decide to bring them to the museum. some time ago, she contacted us at the museum. it means she brought a one-dollar bill of the 1935 model. here

her father was a participant in a meeting on the elbe with american soldiers. and so the american soldier gave our belarusian soldier a dollar bill. well, respectively, our e, he answered the ruble. this the author's woman herself, excited, surprised by all this, brought it to our museum. there are 30 collections of museum items, a collection of paintings , a collection of graphics, a collection of sculptures, a collection of weapons, a collection of photo documents, military front-line items, and we have two unique collections. this collection of homemade partisan weapons and handwritten journals has been given the status of historical and cultural heritage number one. this is a unique unique collection that is under the protection of the state our.

we are going to the storage of drawings and paintings ; no one can get into the reservoir, except for the keeper; it is sealed; the seal is placed at the end of the working day. turn on from the repository are stored with me, as the keeper of the collection of exploits with people, but i now

have three collections. the main task of the museum curator is to ensure the preservation of museum objects, in addition to what we study. uh, museum items, their history, much attention is paid to the preservation and storage conditions. they are stored on such metal bars, they are suspended upright this whole structure is called the depository. it was specially made for this storage principle. uh, hanging paintings from the very first painting that came to the museum, or uh, depending on the size of the painting, its weight and dimensions. most of all , fluctuations in temperature and humidity are harmful

. it is desirable that the temperature and humidity be constantly normal if the humidity rises. this is fraught for the work of painting with sagging of the canvas , the appearance of fungus, the appearance of mold. if the humidity drops, the air becomes too dry, the painting begins to crumble . craquelure begins to appear. that is why we very carefully monitor the temperature and health regime twice a week. we ourselves personally measure both temperature and humidity with the help of such devices, but there is also a central system that controls and regulates this temperature and humidity regime in the museum, both in our storage facilities and in the permanent exhibition, especially those paintings that were created during the great patriotic war.

for me, they are first of all the first in line for restoration, because a large number of years have passed, the storage conditions were not always observed, sometimes from the very beginning. it was made with not very high quality materials, as it was the great patriotic war. clearly, they used what was at hand. well, now we have the opportunity to restore them. from the outside , it may seem to a person that the work of a restorer is to tint, grease, patch up, but no, in fact, work must be done before looking follow again to delve into the history of the period when it was created in order to guess the technique of the artist in order to adjust. that is, it is, as it were, an analytical work. in general, we currently have three restaurants in the museum.