he walks cautiously yielding to a hunter stalking game his soaked clothes cling to his body and hampers movement, but he moves forward without stopping. deeper and deeper into the thicket, a man goes hunting for a dangerous and ferocious beast for a fascist beast that torments our native land. he will meet people like him avengers with tears and spilled blood.

during the great patriotic war, belarus lost every third inhabitant, but even the plundered and dilapidated country, drenched in the blood of millions of people, did not give up belarusian people did not bow their heads. for 3 years, 1 month and six days, a terrible war lasted on the territory of our country during this time occupied by the nazis, belarus became the place where the largest partisan movement in europe unfolded. and we are a partisan republic. we must, uh, remember and know the feat that the german troops accomplished at the time, the topic of the partisan movement, in all the situation that it was probably studied a lot during the soviet period and continues

to be studied now in fact. uh, still, of course, far from being studied, and some aspects of the partisan movement. partisan struggle. they certainly require additional research, taking into account the fact that for a long time archival documents were closed to researchers only in the nineties, and to the general public. there was an opportunity, and to study these documents are the most difficult memories. well my dear wars it's very scary she's defending. factory workers and factories students institutes and technicians the younger generation of the school, i am not working, but

our large family, which consisted of nine people. from the first days of the war, the invaders in belarus faced active resistance. according to official data, about 374,000 people during the great patriotic war went into the forests to fight against the invaders. about 71% of this number were belarusians by nationality. in this case, i am by no means trying to exaggerate the role of belarusians there. or somehow usurp our participation, because it was the international soviet partisan movement and here on the territory of occupied belarus together with our countrymen. e, representatives of more than 50 nationalities fought in the forests, but the basis of the partisan movement, which was

here in the occupied territory of belarus , was precisely local personnel for more than 10 years. i work only with the fund of the belarusian headquarters of the partisan movement. and yet every day you practically find new interesting facts, new interesting documents literally from the first days of the beginning of the great fatherland. the entire leadership of the soviet union emphasizes that in the rear of the german troops it is necessary to organize the partisan movement, the first partisan detachments were scattered. they did not receive specific instructions, a large number of partisan detachments were formed from encirclement from those parts of the red army that turned out to be encirclement , were defeated and remained in small groups on the banknote territory. here they are, being these people are military men with experience in combat operations. on june 29 , 1941, they became one of the organizing forces around which the first partisan detachments began to form. a secret decree of the central committee is issued

vkpb. cis ussr on the creation of partisan detachments july 18 of the same year, a secret decree on the fight behind enemy lines. and thus it was laid. let's say that the legal framework regulating the creation of the first partisan athletes in the summer of 1942, the red army suffered a heavy defeat near kharkov , the way to the volga and the north caucasus was actually opened. enlargement of partisan formations the position that it is precisely the stake that should be made on local people on local personnel has gained the upper hand. and this is the reserve, which, if used properly, can become a very powerful force in the partisan movement. there were great discussions of the experience that

the partisan commanders told about as a result, but this meeting was. to adopt a very important document, on september 9, 1942 , the belarusian headquarters of the partisan movement was created by the time the belarusian headquarters of the partisan movement was created , 305 partisan detachments operated on the territory of the bssr numbering 32.000.938 partisans and 8.237 people of the hidden reserve. in the resolution on the formation of the belarusian headquarters of the partisan movement, the following points were indicated, point one, in order to strengthen ties and leadership of partisan detachments in belarus and further develop the movement, form the belarusian headquarters of the partisan movement, point two, subordinate the belarusian headquarters

to the central headquarters of the partisan movement and point three, appoint him as the head of kalinin petr zakharovich. in the history of belarus , pyotr zakharovich, kalinin entered as a prominent, party statesman and military leader , one of the organizers and leaders of the anti-fascist underground and the partisan movement on the territory of belarus in 1941-1944 . his little motherland is the village of olkhoviki , leskovichi region, vitebsk district, vitebsk province, now shumilinsky district, here on january 25, 1902, in the family of zakhar kalinin, his life path began. and the outstanding partisan commander about that hot time when he happened to show

his best human civil qualities. today many descendants are known heroic ancestor for several years preparing materials for the book. memoirs of his grandfather, grandfather told about, uh, their war, how he was from the failure of the partisans, how he received them, how they sent planes, how they loaded everything, it was through him. eh, a lot of things. he told us to his grandchildren precisely in memory of what he says later, then you have to tell us about what we did then , well, they were great people. i want to say, if i am a little bit like him in something , then this is already the dignity of the grandson of the head belarusian partizan has been trying to bear his name with dignity throughout his life. i was always told to remember you are named after, uh, peter zakharovich. kalinina you must be like him, vice-chairman

of the international martial arts federation. pyotr kalinin tries to pass on everything that his grandfather put into him from generation to generation. i remember my grandfather, he taught us very seriously how to use weapons. for example , he had two pistols. i still remember them. uh, walter ppk are so small uh, two pistol. here's how makarov is only even smaller. and he uh taught us weapons. i can still close this walter with these eyes to make out anything. he taught us hand-to-hand. they ask together. where are you from , uh, where you started to practice karate, hand-to-hand combat and so on. well, here are many, uh, i am a master of sports in uh, four types of martial arts, as i remember now. he showed me all these elements. i really liked it. this is my brother and i. it was all used to beat each other bumps. here, uh, and. that's

from there. it probably went. he said that you guys must be courageously strong to stand up for yourself, here is a compatriot, if necessary, during the war. e, in the forty-first year, he was a member of the military council of the army and near vilsk he received a serious wound in the head. here, i remember that even here. uh, now uh, he was tormented by headaches, that is, he constantly came home with a body of pills, because he had shrapnel wounds to the head and the concussion was very serious. and after that, in the forty-second year, he was already appointed chief of the white. something of movement the organization of the headquarters began in the twentieth of september, and already on october 2, 1942. he set to work, and the solution of the personnel issue was one of the first places in the organization of the belarusian headquarters of the partisan movement. but we can say that, in principle, by joint

efforts. ah. this issue was resolved by the end of the forty-second year the main positions the main vacancies the main places in the headquarters were already staffed with qualified personnel who really had both experience and relevant theoretical and practical knowledge in the organization of the partisan movement at the beginning, the headquarters consisted of six departments and three departments. his first staff was approved in the amount of 130 people. in the same place , a radio center , the partizan training school and a special- purpose sabotage brigade, were created as independent structural units. in the autumn of 1942, a plan was prepared for the development of the partisan movement and the actions of partisan detachments , specific tasks were already set before the partisans. the development

of the movement to penetrate the cities and the strengthening of sabotage in the plantation industry sabotage and intelligence agencies in the cities, the destruction of german officers and officials, increased sabotage on the railways. destruction of echelons of bridges. the expansion of the radio communication network, as well as the distribution of printed propaganda products, that is, exactly a wide range of tasks that the headquarters had to solve throughout its existence. uh, and in the forty-second year of hmm, the headquarters in incredibly conditions ever had a personnel shortage and was not enough. we still managed to get work experience, and most of these issues were resolved, and for the forty-second year it is actively starting. am to establish communication with the mainland and the partisans that is, to actively begin to fly planes, flights, much attention is paid to the creation

of partisan airfield sites in order to increase the throughput of this transport aviation, partisan formations began to receive individual instructions , established continuous monitoring of highways and railways for each brigade and separate detachment were assigned areas of deployment of hostilities. important places in the work of the headquarters was occupied by the leadership of the intelligence activities of partisan formations. from the memoirs of pyotr kalinin , i really understood what intelligence is when i became the head of the belarusian headquarters of the partisan movement. here i

was convinced for the first time. what a delicate, difficult and responsible business the population of the occupied territories actively helped the intelligence officers, especially the youth, i remember as e. he said that the boys of the children are there. uh, you know , there were children in the partisan material. here he was sent for reconnaissance. and he said that we they understood that, well, you can’t use a child, you know, he’s 10 years old, 12 years old. he cannot be a scout, but he asked, and we were forced to send him, because the germans treated them more somehow like a freer generation, they helped me . and i found it back in mogilev in my own house, when the bombing began, everyone here is in tears, they shoot, they bomb. everyone runs into the forest. well, including the number of children, of course, everything. who is home. how they ran with

tears in their eyes. this was the worst action. it was necessary to transfer the partisans intelligence. and such a close person, who was quickly recognized by the nazis, chose me in the morning, i will walk along the railway of our chashevskaya weekdays, that where the battle took place. it was located between two railroads, and along the railroad i reached station number one and went to my sister. well, of course, all the information of the nazis was already collected there, where they settled down. they are about their technique, but vera prepared them and the members who worked in this canteen prepared all

the data for me, if it was winter, then they i inserted data into this one, i went, if it was spring summer, then they sewed data on a coat or jacket and i went to partizanskaya named after koshman kasaev. there i was met by the chief. i gave away all the information about the location of the nazis, and not me, they thanked me , they escorted me back, and so on until the forty-third year. i carried out underground work and was a messenger, especially young people helped the partisans , and in particular the headquarters. uh, and this is the most amazing thing, because uh, peers of children

that he was 13 to 14 were ready to give life. uh, and it's not just the old people, who already had nothing to lose and the truth, and they were ready for the sake of the next generations, uh, to sacrifice themselves. well, the children risked contacting the army. it seems to me that, basically, it is connected with those well-known events that took place on the territory. uh, belarus in particular and in the soviet union itself. and the children saw how their parents were killed. lei how their compatriots are being killed, seeing this, it seems to me, they could not stay away. and especially those children who lost their family wanted, maybe this wrong, but still revenge and they really had nothing to lose. imagine a small thing, i only had courage just because all the members of our family fought and completed tasks and looking at them. i'm like

the youngest and i was entrusted with it. even before , people asked where such potorism came from. i say because i look at the elders. i also tried to fulfill the tasks that were assigned to me and with pleasure. i did not carry them out, there was no severity, especially since the elder brother vasily was a scout so shore. and most importantly, on april 15 forty the fifth year came the funeral. he always wrote letters, because we have already lost the take. i fight as fascists, i kill as fascists for

my own sister. well, that's how i am. that's the desire i didn't have to fulfill. all that i was ordered to, here is such a case, he told me, one boy took a minute without asking from the detachment. so he took a minus and, uh, went to the german and planted it somewhere, which means he blew up a tank there or something there, but i don’t remember. what it is. it was an amazing move boys and girls did not wait until they were called by adults began to act from the first days of the occupation

risked mortally. and others began to act at their own peril and risk, someone found leaflets scattered by planes and distributed them in their regional center, across the village of pavliktov, for his 11, he was a great conspirator. he partisan took more than two years. so they didn't think about it. even his parents. first , pavlik and his comrades rescued the wounded burnt, burnt out tank of the soviet commander, found a reliable shelter for him, and at night they brought him food, water according to grandmother's recipes in a jew's harp. some medicinal decoctions, thanks to the boys, the tanker quickly recovered. pavlik generally left as a boy.

once he dragged the partisans tyuk with a fascist uniform, which he got right from under the nose of the fritz, while they bathed in the river more than once, dressed in the formula obtained by the boy . the partisans carried out daring raids and operations. he died in the fall of 1943. the germans carried out another punitive operation. punishers shot his entire family and even him the little sister was buried in the hero's mass grave.

never before in history have partisans been used on such a scale to conduct intelligence activities, as during the great patriotic war, partisan intelligence was an important and reliable source of obtaining the necessary information, including information about what is happening in the temporarily occupied territory of our country, data to the belarusian headquarters of the partisan movement flocked from about 1,200 scouts and about 19,000 stars in many ways. they concerned the regime established by the enemy, as well as crimes of the nazis and their accomplices. the german occupiers considered the partisan

movement as a convenient reason for implementing a plan to clear the occupied lands from local residents, this idea was prompted by hitler himself at a meeting in july 1941. he emphasized that guerrilla warfare makes it possible to destroy everything that rebels against the german army. fascists of belarusians of any age in the gorky region of the vitebsk region on march 23, 1943, the partisans discovered two mountains. the corpses of mostly children and youth total 137 people civilian population. including children aged 3 to 6 years, in the notes of the partizans handed over to the headquarters, the indicated number of burned houses in different villages goes to hundreds of killed inhabitants. i asked him for many thousands. but in general, here partizan

, he said that the partizans had their own rules and duties, for example, e. the partisans could not stop in the village. it was forbidden, because if the germans found any evidence there that the partisans were in this village, they burned it. here and uh, guerrillas says, we say hungry we drank. uh, there's swamp water. we were there, uh, so we somehow found a dead horse there, uh, with maggots right there, that is, he was all rotten and there was nothing left to do. how to eat it. you see, but they didn’t go to the village, because the people uh, it was impossible to harm the moment of the liberation of belarus from the german invaders in the ranks. there were 373,000,942 partisans. of these , 194.000.78 connected with units. army in partisan detachments and brigades during the great patriotic war fought 45.242

women, as a result of the work done, the belarusian headquarters of the partisan movement unconditionally became the true leader of the partisan movement in the republic, we are with you, and in the grozny school, and school number five in november 2022, and the secondary school number five of the city, grodno was given the honorary name of peter zakharovich kolenin traveled half a century of history. and if we talk about the fact that since the age of 84 the memorial room named after pyotr zakharovich has been working at the school, which in 2006 became a memorial museum, then for the last 5 years school confidently, but went to ensure that this title is worthy to carry this name. he stated that he had no experience in creating a headquarters and he had never been a chief before,

but he admitted that he succeeds and i think that this is also due to the fact that he was a man from the people from e, as simple a person as the partisans who wanted to protect their country. he shared this feeling with them and i think with all my heart i wanted to help them, and that is why e huge efforts, invested in helping the partisans in their struggle, the children of war did not counted, then lost his father, mother, brother, sister, needle, and he was in trouble, and he removed the screws himself, and we were a few years old sons of fathers and daughters of victory, but as fighters were equal. even if we are boys beyond our years.

we grew up in the midst of trouble in the midst of the war for those relatives whose hearts do not have victory hello with you live lyudmila kozak and in this evening news release a date that teaches us to appreciate what has been done by post-war generations and our contemporaries today, belarus is preparing for independence day on the eve this date.