he walks cautiously yielding to a hunter stalking game his soaked clothes cling to his body and hampers movement, but he moves forward without stopping. farther and farther, deepening into the forest thicket, a man goes on the hunt for a dangerous and ferocious beast for a fascist beast that torments our native land. he will meet people like him

avengers for shed tears and shed blood. during the great patriotic war, belarus lost every third inhabitant, but even the plundered and dilapidated country, drenched in the blood of millions of people, did not give up the belarusian people did not bow their heads for three years, one month and six days, a terrible war lasted on the territory of our country during this time occupied by the nazis, belarus became the place where the largest partisan movement in europe unfolded. and we are a

partisan republic. we must remember and know the feat that the german troops accomplished at that time on the topic of the partisan movement , despite the fact that it was probably studied a lot during the soviet period and continues to be studied now in fact. e, of course, is far from being studied, and some aspects of the partisan movement. partisan struggle. they certainly require additional research, taking into account the fact that for a long time archival documents were closed to researchers only in the nineties, and to the general public. an opportunity arose, and to study these documents is the most difficult. memories well , my dear wars, this is very scary, all the people rose up to protect it. factory workers and factories students institutes and technicians

the younger generation of the school non-working well , our large family also joined the fight, which consisted of nine people. from the first days of the war, the invaders in belarus faced active resistance. according to official data, about 374,000 people during the great patriotic war went into the forests to fight against the invaders. about 71% of this number were belarusians by nationality. in this case, i am by no means trying to exaggerate the role of belarusians there. or somehow usurp our

participation, because it was the international soviet partisan movement and here in the occupied territory belarus together with our countrymen. e, representatives of more than 50 nationalities fought in the forests, but the basis of the partisan movement, which was here in the occupied territory of belarus, was precisely local personnel for more than 10 years. i work only with the fund of the belarusian headquarters of the partisan movement. and yet every day you practically find new interesting facts, new interesting documents literally from the first days of the beginning of the great fatherland. the entire leadership of the soviet union focuses on that in the rear of the german troops it is necessary to organize a partisan movement. the first partisan detachments were scattered. received specific instructions, a large number of partisan detachments were formed from encirclement from those parts of the red army that turned out to be encirclement , were defeated and remained in small groups on

the banknote territory. here they are, uh, will be uh, these people are military men with combat experience. they now became one of the organizing forces around which the first partisan detachments began to form, june 29, 1941 of the year. a secret decree is issued by the central committee of the all-union communist party of bolsheviks. the council of people's commissars of the ussr created partisan detachments on july 18 of the same year, a secret decree on fighting behind enemy lines. and thus it was laid. let's just say the regulatory framework that regulates the consciousness of the first guerrilla athletes. summer 1942, red army. suffered a heavy defeat under, kharkov was actually opened the way to the volga and the north caucasus . the war has come a period of enlargement of partisan formations, the position has prevailed that it is precisely

the stake that should be placed on local people on local personnel. and this is the e reserve, which, if properly used, can become a very powerful force in the partisan movement , there were great discussions of the experience that the partisan teams told about, and this meeting was to adopt a very important document, september 9, 1942 was created belarusian headquarters of the partisan movement at the time of the creation of the belarusian headquarters of the partisan movement on the territory the bssr operated 305 partisan detachments numbering 32,000,938 partisans and 8.237 people of a hidden reserve

. movement , the second point is to subordinate the belarusian headquarters to the central headquarters of the partisan movement and the third point is to appoint kalinin petr zakharovich as its head. in the history of belarus pyotr zakharovich, kalinin entered as a prominent, party statesman and military leader , one of the organizers and leaders of the anti-fascist underground and the partisan movement on the territory of belarus in 1941-1944 . his little motherland is the village of olkhoviki , leskovichi region, vitebsk district, vitebsk province, now shumilinsky

district, here on january 25, 1902, in the family of zakhar kalinin, his life path began. and the outstanding partisan commander about that hot time when he happened to show his best human civil quality. much is known today. the descendants of the heroic ancestor have been preparing materials for the book for several years. memoirs of his grandfather, grandfather told about, uh, their war. how he opened the partizans, how he accepted them, how they sent planes, how they loaded everything, it was through him. eh, a lot of things. he told us to his grandchildren precisely in memory of the fact that later he did not say, then you have to tell us about what we did then, well, they were great people. i mean, if i'm a bit like

him in something, then this is already a dignity, the grandson of the head of the belarusian partizans throughout his life tries to bear his name with dignity. i was always told to remember you are named after, uh, peter zakharovich. kalinina you must be like him, vice- chairman of the international martial arts federation. pyotr kalinin tries to pass on everything that his grandfather put into him from generation to generation. i remember my grandfather, he taught us very seriously how to use weapons. for example , he had two pistols. i remember now their. uh, walter ppk are so small, uh, two pistols. here's how makarov is only even smaller. and he uh taught us weapons. i can still make out anything with closed eyes, this walter. he taught us hand-to-hand. if he asks me, where

are you from, uh, there he began to practice karate, hand-to-hand combat and so on. well, many. uh, i'm a master of sports in uh, four uh, types of martial arts, as i remember now, he showed me all these elements. i really liked it. it was my brother and i, so to speak, that's all and used to beat each other's bumps. here e, and. that's from there. it probably went. he said that you guys should be, uh, manly strong to stand up for yourself. here for the motherland, if necessary. e during the war. e, in the forty-first year, he was a member of the military council of the army and near vilsk he received a serious wound in the head. here, i remember that even here. uh, now uh, he was tormented by headaches, that is, he constantly came home with a body of pills, because he had shrapnel wounds to the head and the concussion was very serious. and after that, in the forty-second year, he was already appointed chief white. some of the organization of the headquarters movement

began in the twentieth of september, and already on october 2, 1942. he began work on solving the personnel issue, which was one of the first places in the organization of the belarusian headquarters of the partisan movement. but we can say that, in principle, by joint efforts. ah. this issue was resolved by the end of the forty-second year, the main positions and main vacancies, the main places in the headquarters were already staffed with qualified personnel who really had both experience and relevant theoretical practical knowledge in the organization of the partisan movement at the beginning, the headquarters consisted of six departments and three departments. his first staff was approved in the amount of 130 people. in the same place , a radio center , the partizan training school and a special-

purpose sabotage brigade, were created as independent structural units. in the autumn of 1942, a plan was prepared for the development of the partisan movement and the actions of partisan detachments , specific tasks were already set before the partisans. the development of the movement to penetrate the cities and the strengthening of sabotage in the plantation industry sabotage and intelligence agencies in the cities, the destruction of german officers and officials, increased sabotage on the railways. destruction of echelons of bridges. the expansion of the radio communication network, as well as the distribution of printed propaganda products, that is, a fairly wide range of tasks that the headquarters had to solve throughout its existence. uh, and in the forty-second year of hmm, the headquarters in incredibly conditions ever had a personnel shortage and was not enough. we still

managed to get work experience, and most of these issues were resolved, and already in the second year, it is actively beginning to establish communication with the mainland with and partizan , that is, aircraft are actively starting to fly, flights, much attention is paid to the creation of sites, and partisan airfields in order to increase, and the throughput of this transport aviation is partisan formations they began to receive individual instructions , established continuous monitoring of highways and railways, for each brigade and separate detachment , areas of deployment of hostilities were assigned. important a place in the work of the headquarters was occupied by the leadership of the intelligence activities of partisan

formations. from the memoirs of pyotr kalinin , i really understood what intelligence is when i became the head of the belarusian headquarters of the partisan movement. here i was convinced for the first time. what a delicate, difficult and reciprocal work, as a scout, the population of the occupied territories actively helped, especially young people , i remember as e. he said that the boys of the children there, uh, you know, were in the partisan detachment. children. here he was sent for reconnaissance. and he said that we understood that, well, you can’t use a child, you understand him, there are 10 years old 12 years old. he cannot be a scout, but he asked, and we were forced to send him, because the germans treated him more somehow so the younger generation helped more freely. i'm a bomber, everything is in

tears, they shoot, they bomb. everyone runs into the forest. well , including a number of children, of course , everything so that people at home also run the forest with tears in their eyes. this was the worst action. it was necessary for the partisans to transmit information. and such a close person who could not quickly find out, the nazis had chosen me in the morning, i would pass along the railway, our cheap ones, there would be a battle , there was between the husband of the railways. i went along the railroad to station number one and stopped by my sister. well, of course,

they were already there. all the information of the nazis was collected, where they settled down about their equipment , but verochka prepared them and the members who worked in this canteen prepared all the data for me, if it was winter, then they inserted the data into my felt boots. i went, if it was spring and summer, then the data was sewn in a coat or jacket and i went to the partizanskaya named after osman kasaev. there i was greeted by the head of the kasai. i gave all the information to the location of the nazis. they thanked me, escorted me back, and yes, for 43 years i led underground

work and was a messenger, especially young people helped the partisans. and in particular the headquarters. uh, and this is the most surprising, because uh , children of the same age, who were 13 to 14 years old, were ready to give their lives. uh, and it's not just old people who really had to lose nothing, and they were ready for the sake of the next generations, but to sacrifice themselves, but the children risked getting in touch with the said army. it seems to me that, basically, it is connected with those well-known events that took place on the territory. uh, belarus in particular and the soviet union as a whole. and the children saw how their parents were killed, how their compatriots were killed, seeing this, it seems to me, they could not stay away. and especially those children who lost their family wanted,

maybe wrong, but still take revenge. and they really had nothing to lose time. it was only because of all.