and the fact that this is so is confirmed by unique developments. vehicle 79.04 had a total load capacity of 240 tons, and a total chassis weight of 140 tons. it was equipped with an engine, the m350 engine, with a capacity of 1,500 horsepower, developed by the leningrad plant. yes, the second engine, to ensure the operation of all systems and the main engine, cooling systems, these things were used for the first time, the total length was 31 m, width 7 m. wheels were installed from the japanese company borigta, wheel diameter - 5 m, that is, the load-carrying capacity of such a wheel was more than 2.

the importance of such a development is evidenced by the fact that its tests took place at the baikanur cosmodrome, and assembly was also carried out there. the second cosmonaut, german titol, came to us there and looked and said, yes , he says, guys, i’ve never seen anything like this before, it turns out that you, too, says well done, and you can, well, again some kind of... then a certain one appears we all have pride in those who carry out such joint work to create an account. multi-axle tractors, dump trucks, and chassis began to be produced on the basis of military chassis for cranes and other special equipment. much attention is now being paid to working with the national economy with potential customers, both belarusian and russian, now a large line for

the oil and gas industry, a large line for construction equipment, a small class bus, and i think that we have a very good product, a heavy wheeled equipment, tractors under the brand are made in belarus, belarusian mazs, belazs, along with their brother kamaz, are today the leaders of this class of vehicles in the world. then in in the fifties , the number of enterprises working for the country's defense increased significantly in the bssr. this rapid development was due , after all, to the fact that the country was arming itself and rapid development began to maintain its combat potential.

in the workshops of the mechanical plant under construction in minsk, which were organized as temporary, work did not stop for a single day. factory buildings were still being erected, a site was being prepared for the main production lines, and specialists, practically in the field , conjured up the creation of a machine for the production optical parts. now it was being finalized. another, very delicate , painstaking work on glass processing was also in full swing.

now, at the machine, a group of workers were discussing the technique of grinding it; viktor osipovich safronov, director of the plant under construction, who had extensive experience in the optical industry of the ussr, intervened in the process. he didn’t just begin to explain how best to process glass, polish optics, and build a system for positioning glass, but he himself went to the machine. in practice, it was necessary to test what had recently been at the level of a hypothesis. factory was preparing to release its first product. in those early years, it was truly craftsmanship, when a unique one was made on the simplest machines. there were no contact

devices, they were adjusted manually to the device, to the ganeometer, and then gradually. gradually we began to make a contact device. the workers of the then still under construction enterprise often demonstrated miracles of ingenuity. once upon a time, the germans came here as quality control engineers. and so he showed the device that i had come up with, he looked and said: we don’t have this, he says, it turns out that the quality, the quality of the parts, is very high, well, they have better equipment, but we had to come up with a device, the construction of a new plant in minsk began in 1954 and was carried out

at an accelerated pace, a defense enterprise significance, at the same time work began on the production of the first product so needed by the country. man, we worked on the first belinsky lane, there was a school there, we had about 50 machines there , old equipment, what was from other enterprises they took away the german equipment, old technologies, and the plant workshop developed very strongly, the products saw new growth, approximately every month... it was from 30 to 50%. despite the complexity of the new production, the plant was put into operation within 3 years, in 1957 . it was still under construction when

its first products were released, quite peacefully, more than 25 machines for working with optical parts and 20,000 cameras. it was then that the history of optical instrument making in belarus began. the first photographic equipment that began to be produced was of course, the simplest one. the first camera, there was one lens, in my opinion, a schoolboy, a pair of these, well, it was for children, especially cheap, the money was about 5-6 rubles. then came the second category, spring, there was already such a serious seeker, the objective part already consisted of industars, after that came photographic equipment, again more complex cameras, aluchaika, cameras, agate, and after that came the ilikon step, 3 million, this is exactly

the amount that was produced another new model under the viliia brand, but absolute a record... was the release of a fundamentally new generation camera zenit e. 8 million for single-lens reflex cameras, it was akin to a world record. state union plant of photographic equipment. it was under this name that it was originally designed. but what kind of military equipment was created here? before. a separate workshop that produced cameras for aircraft, it was a whole direction, the development of aviation without

the development of intelligence would be very difficult, since the cold war was beginning, the americans built a lot of aircraft carriers, patrolled near our borders, they needed to be tracked, and of course, optics played a big role, for example, they installed afa420 cameras, planned and perspective photography, which could photograph and classify during the day any ship at sea, as well as any target on land, interaction with the military is the closest, any...products for the defense industry were discussed primarily with those for whom they were intended. about the minsk plant i can say that our specialists, engineers, we constantly maintained contact with this plant.

we didn’t just go there, we went there to talk with the specialists who made these cameras, that is, what focal length, what, the volume of this device or camera should be so that it would be convenient for us to place it. on the plane, in what seat? in a closed shooting range. at the minsk mechanical institute, in the presence of an authoritative commission, there was a demonstration of the capabilities of a new optical sight for a sniper rifle developed at the enterprise. sighting distance - 50 m. hitting the very center targets. 250 m. hit again. to the very center. one of the commission members, in order

to verify the effectiveness of the sight, could not stand it, he literally jumped out of his seat and picked up the rifle. hit the target without errors. the commission members looked at the sight for a long time, then discussed the prototype in detail. after the enterprise was launched at full capacity, the production of optical sights and the production of a whole line of optics began in minsk.

gases, so they had no fogging, technical appearance, there was a shell transformation and they made maps, different maps, from, say, very fast ones, they carried out tasks, and ending with large global

tasks, they were taken from the same satellites, from airplanes that were taken in perspective, suf-24 mr, there was equipment called an intermediary, you fly along the border, nothing without disturbing, the 150 km territory is completely on the screen transmitted online to the intermediary, the plane flies, and the intelligence data is already at the headquarters. the enemy had no advantage in this matter; we were not at all behind the times. or another example of what optics meant for the defense of the country, maintaining a balance of deterrence forces. an american battleship, with tomahawks on board, was sailing from stockholm to sweden, across the entire baltic sea. as soon as it went into neutral waters, we took it and brought it in... 24 hours, it slowed down to stockholm, while the optics made it possible to fully

collate, recalculate and power plants, track its progress, track its maneuvers. until a certain period, the main products were military devices , but with the beginning of space exploration, rocket and space technology. spectacle photography devices were made for space, photographing the entire surface of the earth, including the states, england, and other countries. this was the result of unique scientific developments by belarusian scientists in cooperation with production. the center became the large belom optical-mechanical production association, created in 1971 for

day and night and cyclovision systems and fire guidance systems on armored vehicles, tanks, armored personnel carriers, and also on helicopters there are night control systems, the use of optics does not end with small arms equipment, medical equipment, but is also used... an economic achievement was laser control, which today is widely used in industry, in medicine, primarily in surgery and dentistry. and onology, dermatology. all this was done here in minsk, at the optical-mechanical facility. for almost 70 years, the company's products have served the peace and security of our state. in general, by 1960 the bssr had significantly increased the output of defense products.

compared to the pre-war period, it has grown. v 12 times, everything you wanted to know about the greatness of belarusian churches, we have it in such a way that, after all, if this... this bishop believes that this is a future cathedral, it should be really significant, it should be majestic, because this person, not even of the minsk diocese, but of the belarusian triarchate, of the entire republic of belarus, about the power of god’s word, it is advisable to take a blessing for everything you do, this is very important for me now, and somehow it immediately makes me feel a little

better becomes, to do something, that is it seems like god is already leading me along the path of life. the lord commands man to marry as an eternal phenomenon, he created man, he said that it is not good for man to be alone, let us create an assistant for him, corresponding to him, and men and women are not different, but at the same time they complement each other, about overcoming life’s difficulties, living experience is a moment by which one can reveal the truth of love, jumping, strength. or the edges are the foundation. we will tell you in spiritual and educational projects on the belarus 24th tv channel. nature, culture, faith, people, generosity.

once you get it right and don’t worry about it any more, it’s all right here. general prosecutor's office of the republic of belarus. a criminal case on the fact of genocide of the population of belarus during the great patriotic war and the post-war period. from the

testimony of a resident of the city of minsk. on the day the nazis appeared, the germans herded me, my mother, the sister of all our neighbors into a barn located on orlovskaya street in the city of minsk and announced that if even one shot was fired within 24 hours, i would die. german, the barn would be set on fire along with all the inhabitants, there was a huge number of people, everyone was on their feet, it was impossible due to lack of space. we stood there all night and not a single shot was fired until lunchtime the next day, when we were released.

i remember the occupation very well, the germans immediately, there were no flirtations, as they said with the population, immediately, searches, arrests, detentions, they identified someone, the soviet government, but did not stand on ceremony with anyone, regardless of age, did not spare anyone, nor women, no children, they killed just like that, in order to reduce the excess population, according to the manuals developed by the fascists. i gave birth already, when the minus was busy, the fascist killed my own child in front of my eyes, they did the obsess and the child cried, the mother gives him breasts for milk, and this one gives it , it is passed on to him, and this german tells her, shut his mouth, once again

, well, he’s trying somehow, he had a parabel then, in my opinion, he threw it up, caught it by the barrel and with the handle, it seemed, touched the little girl’s head on her mother’s chest, i remember black blood flowing, killed . these, like many other eyewitness accounts remind us once again that the nazis in the occupied belarusian territory scrupulously carried out the orders of their command regarding the civilian population, including increasingly sophisticated methods of killing. on the twentieth of september 1941

, the oberführer of the sss, the head of einsatz group b, arthur nebe, was expected at the residence of wilhelm kube. he was urgently summoned to gautleiter. the conversation was going to be serious. the data on the use of gas in the psychiatric hospital in novinki were disappointing: the fulfillment of himler’s instructions, given during his visit to minsk in august cannot be considered fulfilled. nebe tried to prove the opposite, this is only the first experiment. at the same time, ober fuhrer recalled that back in the forties, before the start of the invasion operation, he proposed actions of “euthanasia to be carried out using carbon monoxide. this method was tested in new products.

from the materials of the trial in the case of atrocities committed by the nazi invaders in belarusian ussr 15 january 29 , 1946. testimony of witness akimova, a doctor at the minsk psychiatric hospital. it was september 18, 1941. an sss police officer, accompanied by a chemist, ordered dr. kitaevich to prepare about 20 patients to test the effect of some gas. it was ordered to bring a bathhouse into the premises, near which there were trucks and cars, a hose ran from the car to the doors of the bathhouse, another pipe went from the window of the bathhouse to

the generator of another car, the bathhouse was hermetically closed, half an hour later the germans opened the doors of the bathhouse and began to throw corpses. gauleiter kube insisted on his own: everything is cumbersome, technically inconvenient plan, pipes, hoses, inconvenience for the executioners, and all this for the sake of destroying small groups. nebe unfolded in front of gauleiter the received materials with diagrams of the installations that were proposed by the developers of the gas method of killing. they have proven their effectiveness in poland and germany. they invited a chemist, it was necessary to listen to the opinion of a specialist. the first experience

of gas extermination in the occupied belarusian territory was used in a psychiatric hospital in novinki. subsequently, gas installations, mobile, stationary ones, created on the basis of new developments by german specialists, will appear in the concentration journal. a car arrives, the black raven was called, they put people in, as if for interrogation, the whole family and children, everyone, they drove off, the exhaust pipe did not go past, but went through this cell, yes, while they were driving, they were not lucky for any kindnesses, nothing, it’s carbon monoxide, it ’s a corpse, they’re taking it to a burial site, throwing it away . history has preserved the terrible evidence of mass executions that were carried out from

the very beginning of the invasion. my mother's dear mother lived there, i i know the village. lip, were never revived, but after, on september 22, 1941, in the small belarusian town of kletsk, you were heard.

for the residents this meant one thing, a raid, and the fascists were about to start breaking into houses, robbing, killing, people tried to somehow protect themselves, hide their children wherever possible, but nothing saved them. emil golts, chief e having burst into the house, the nazis carried out massacres, did not spare anyone, they shot adults point-blank with a rifle, and bayoneted children.

emil goltz, oberer corporal, after the bloody massacre made an entry in his diary, where he cynically noted who acted with a pistol, some with a rifle, and some with a bayonet, and i prefer to use a pistol. during the preliminary investigation , dozens were identified earlier. known sites of mass destruction and burials of civilians. such places have been installed in all regions of our country. in particular, not far from minsk in the lagoi region in the ivanovo region , the remains of more than a thousand civilians were healed. in the uruchya tract, also not far from minsk, the remains of more than 8,000 were cured, not in than innocent citizens being destroyed.

and again a terrible testimony, from the testimony of cherny vasily famyach in the uruchya region i met an eyewitness, he began to tell me the following story, early in the morning my mother woke us up , she said, let's go, kids, let's collect something for the winter, there was a hungry war, well here, he says, we’re already going back, somewhere there, some screams, goman, mother has killed us, all of us, how long we were lying there, he says, we don’t remember the time, some volleys ended, cars drove up, more volleys, again shots, noise again, again cry, based on this fact, the prosecutor general's office of the republic conducted an examination of the supposed place where civilians were executed, during the excavations the picture was revealed

: a terrible picture, there were broken skulls, there were broken jaws, this suggests that, uh, that the murder took place here with a saving of ammunition, that is they even felt sorry for ammunition, which means these people, they simply killed them, threw them into a pit half-dead, and buried them right there.