[000:00:00;00] about 13 benefits that are paid to the mother, which are paid to the family, for the child, in addition, we have those support measures that are provided to large families, but the most important thing is that parents do not perceive, now our task is so that parents do not perceive this assistance, as the duty of the state, they must understand that the family and parents also have obligations before the state, so we touched a little on the issue of western influence on us, in fact, you will agree, it is extremely difficult to resist, well, let’s call it to the western virus alone, this is how belarus today is promoting its ideas on preserving traditional values, preserving family, marriage, motherhood, preserving childhood, in the international arena, who is among our

partners who supports us in these endeavors? of course, the russians support us most of all, because we have a parliamentary assembly, if we are now talking about parliamentary activities, you and i all live and function in the union state of belarus and russia, and of course i, as a member of the specialized labor commission, social policy and healthcare, we discuss these issues a lot and unify legislation. we will unify legislation specifically in the field of family policy, family capital benefits in russia, it is called maternity capital, we have a complete understanding with our colleagues from the russian federation. in addition, we have created more than 70 friendship groups in our parliament, where we communicate with our colleagues, deputies from different countries, and where we promote

ideas. and those of our principles of belarusian legislation in the international arena. more than 2% of the world's population is in the last stage of this disease. and according to the forecasts of scientists, this figure will only grow. previously it was believed that it was incurable, but now this statement is nothing more than a myth. the most important thing in this matter is that the person himself wants that same healing; this is precisely the most difficult thing. my name is ekaterina beretskaya. hello, today we will study new methods of treatment for

alcoholism. the spoiler in this matter turns out that science is also nearby. so, don't miss out on the program. who first entered such a concept as alcoholism, how did they fight against drunkenness in the past centuries and did they fight at all? and instead of long-term therapy, one injection, developed by belarusian scientists, which will stop the development of alcoholism in the body. on air via. for a few minutes, the term alcoholism was coined by the swedish doctor magnus huse in 1849, although now , doctors try not to use this particular word, alcoholism, more and more often, when describing a person’s condition in which he drinks alcohol in uncontrolled doses, they talk about alcohol dependence, as it treated in

different centuries, i suggest you find out right now. people knew in ancient times, back in the third millennium bc, that if a drink made from grain crops, berries, fruits and honey is fermented a little, intoxication will occur when consumed, wine was made in egypt in central asia, but only in in the sixth century ad, our arabs learned to obtain pure alcohol from wine, which is precisely why... therefore the latin word “alcohol” comes from the arabic word, which is translated as alcohol. negative consequences from use alcohol was noticed by the ancient greek scientist aristotle, who called it voluntary madness. that is why historians say that the egyptians and romans placed a human skull on the table during a feast, as a reminder of what alcohol can do to a person.

in the middle ages in europe there was a real cult of alcohol, knights drank it in large quantities in battles, and this was a sign of strength and courage, but soon europe faced a problem, people drank too much, and by the end of the 17th century they began attempts are being made to limit drunkenness, and at the legislative level. for example, in 1736, a law was passed in england according to which a tax must be paid for the purchase of strong alcoholic beverages. a little more than a century later, the first separate hospitals for treating alcoholics were opened there. in france , such patients were admitted to psychiatric centers. in russia, alcohol has long been classified as alcohol. negatively, in the 21st century, ordinary people could only drink beer four times a year on church holidays, but they were allowed they couldn’t afford other drinks, overseas wine was too expensive, they could afford wine, but raising a glass before dinner

in high circles was forbidden. the main incentive to give up alcohol for a long time was the fear of moral punishment. for example, under peter i, who abused alcohol... a medal weighing almost 7 kg was hung around his neck for drunkenness. a person had to wear it for a week. in the 18th century, tsar alexei mikhailovich carried out the kabat reform, which prohibited the sale of alcohol. and already at the beginning of the twentieth the king nicholas ii. he first banned the sale of vodka, and a little later - wine and beer. but one of the most striking anti-alcohol campaigns came in soviet times and went down in history as gorbachev’s. but contrary to expectations, it only provoked an increase in the illegal sale of surrogates and discontent among the population of a large country. prohibition in america from the twentieth to

the thirty-third years of the last century led to the same results. this year, specialists from the research institute for the production of medicinal vaccine. announced the creation of a vaccine against alcoholism, more details in our science news section. so, scientists have not yet disclosed all the details regarding the unique vaccine. this is understandable; work on its creation has just begun. but the researchers still shared some information with our correspondents. it is known that the drug will be available. firstly, after such a vaccination, the patient should experience a rejection of alcohol at a physiological level, among the side effects, a severe headache and nausea. at the same time, the drug will work to reduce the harm of the products, the breakdown

alcohol on the body. there are no such vaccines on the world market yet, but american scientists are conducting similar studies. let's hope that our scientists will complete the research and provide it. this is a science project nearby, today we understand modern methods of getting rid of alcohol addiction, here’s something else we’ll tell you about, not for the intoxicating effect, but for the taste, where alcohol addiction begins, the main tool is psychotherapy, the most... effective method of treating alcohol addiction today, and is there a way to relieve stress without a glass of wine,

we'll find out very soon. their life in polesian villages and agricultural towns, contrary to all stereotypes, is bright and rich. in many ways, our future life depends on the conditions in which you were born. what surrounded you, what kind of nature, what kind of people were next to you, our life in the village is more measured, we are not in a hurry, we seem to work a lot, but we are in no hurry, i call big cats, they are tame, they are kind, well somehow i’m happy with all this, i love it all, hard work, resourcefulness, passion, the main quality these people, i have already had practice for more than 30 years with these cucumbers, we use drip irrigation. much more efficient more convenient in every village or city there is a place that people are proud of, the pearl of our zakozel is the chapel-tomb of the ozheshka family, i have almost everything, i have food, i have

a family, children, well, everything i dreamed of, almost everything is there , i'm happy. paleshuki, watch on the tv channel belarus 24, we will conduct a tour under the entrance control of the water itself, which we collect in the container, this is the initial stage, we even start the working day with this. we learn the history of the development of production , the main specialists were sent to us, that is , the first chief engineer and the first chief technologist; we already had our own design base created in the sixties. and of course, we’ll talk about achievements and work results. over the past 5 years, we have almost doubled our productivity; today we produce about a million bottles per month in a single shift. today this is...

the only enterprise in the former soviet union, which produces a whole range of vehicles, these are like trucks, these are trailers, these are bus equipment, about belarusian organizations about the people who work there in the quality mark project, look at the belarus 24 tv channel . the main research, including work on studying alcohol addiction, as well as methods of its treatment in our country , is carried out in the scientific and practical center for mental health. that is why today we invited the head of the specialized department of this center, tatyana romanovna, to the studio, hello, hello, let's start our conversation with the topic of the stage of alcohol dependence, because there is a lot of different... information, someone says that there are six of them, someone says that there are half as many of them as three,

how many of them actually are . there is an international classification of diseases in the world, which defines three stages of alcohol dependence. the first stage, when a person begins to use more, begins to use more often, but at the same time there is still the opportunity to maintain control, while the person can refuse situationally if understands that he will drive in the morning or have some difficult work ahead of him in the morning, the person in this case... may not drink, in the second stage, the person drinks even more, his tolerance and tolerance for alcohol increases, he reaches a bottle of vodka and alcohol dependence is even higher, complications may occur, such as alcoholic psychoses, mental disorders when drinking alcohol, convulsive attacks may occur due to consumption, and the third stage, it is already final, when on the contrary there is tolerance, that is, tolerance alcohol consumption decreases, usually these are... chronic alcoholics who can drink very

little, but at the same time get drunk with small, small doses. ramanovna, what is everyday drunkenness, because such a concept exists among the people, but it is unlikely that anyone even knows what is meant by this, or is it not a scientific term. for doctors, there is no concept of everyday drunkenness; addiction either exists or it doesn’t exist, in the everyday understanding, if a person drinks alcohol occasionally in some situations when... well, let’s say, it’s impossible not to drink it, but in our country in principle, it is customary in society to drink alcohol at a feast on some major holidays, if a person can control his dose, and this dose does not exceed, if the next morning the person does not experience symptoms of a hangover, hangovers are one of the criteria for addiction, if a person does not go on binge drinking, binge drinking is also one of the criteria for addiction, then we can say that this is everyday drunkenness, now i offer more details... in such a problem

as codependency, this is also our topic, my colleagues are already ready to share important information. professionals call addiction addiction, an obsessive need for something or someone; this word comes from an ancient roman legal term that defined a person born free, but sold into slavery for debts. it really depends. holds in its bonds, so to speak, yes, a dependent person, probably with greater force than the cruel slave owners of their miserable jobs; there may be different relationships with codependents, but for the first time this concept was formed against the backdrop of ideas about alcohol addiction, the classic model is an alcohol-abusing husband and a codependent spouse, but

parents, children, and so on can also be codependent. it is no coincidence that there is a whole movement in the world of the so-called adult children who grew up with parents addicted to alcohol, these are people themselves who do not drink, as a rule, but by contrast, but life is like this in a family with an alcoholic person, well, it has imposed such a powerful a negative imprint on their life, destiny. more unique for codependent relationships is, well, a change of three positions, yes , positions, and sacrifices. yes, the pursuer of the rescuer, when a person, yes, prone to addiction, well, in particular , and alcoholic, indeed he has such, well, infantile ones, well, most likely characteristic of children and adolescents, but already in adulthood, and even quite respectable,

sometimes , yes, immature psychological defense mechanisms, yes, well, in particular, yes, mechanism, yes projections, when he sees... a problem, yes, beside himself, yes, everyone is to blame for the fact that i drink, because they don’t understand me , they offend me, that’s why i drink, a different mechanism, so to speak, in a state, yes, of intoxication, a person is inclined to react outwardly with aggression, what is on the mind of a drunk, then on the tongue of a drunk, and then in the fist, these things are important to us, of course, so say, well, another mechanism is avoidance, that is, people don’t want to, or even can’t, because they don’t know how to deal with difficulties in real life, they find themselves dependent, intoxication gives them the illusion that there really are no problems, of course,

reacting negative emotions, person, abusing alcohol and drugs, well, they are in the position of a persecutor, but already ... the next morning in a state of hangover, so to speak, he turns into a kind of victim, because a codependent person, yes, a spouse, parents, so to speak, well, they begin, yes , they begin to read notations, so dependent persons with their codependent loved ones constantly move through roles, aggressor, victim and rescuer, such a behavioral scheme was described by an american psychotherapist in 1968, it is important to remember that codependency, it is, as it were, many positions, yes, well, congruent with addiction, these are the most common manifestations of addiction, an increase in tolerance or resistance, and indeed, in

codependent people, well, they also develop a kind of immunity, massive, so to speak, some kind of yes... alcoholism , or drug addiction, and the codependent person begins to develop psychomatic illnesses, when there are no organic lesions of the internal organs, the symptoms are quite real. there is a tendency to relapse, and indeed, codependent people, yes, can have relapses others, there may be relapses of psychomatic disorders, manifested by headaches and functional disorders. heart rate, gastrointestinal disorders and so on, up to real psychomatic diseases, that is, diseases whose origin, along with others , play a role, so to speak, these psychological factors, such as coronary heart disease, arterial hypertension,

gastric ulcer, twelfth intestines, thyroid diseases and so on, but there is a way out of such situations, firstly turn, this is psychotherapeutic help, in this matter the main thing is for the codependent person to understand that there is a problem and it needs to be solved, it is very important for them to change the style of their relationships, because - often, well , really, such people are, well enough, yes skillful, yes , in hiding some kind of, say, alcoholic illness or drug... addiction from others, so they obtain all sorts of exculpatory documents by hook or by crook, they hide the amount of consumption, the meaning of life, well, yes, in hiding this, yes family

the secret, so to speak, of this skeleton in the closet, is the method of cognitive behavioral therapy that has proven itself to be excellent; it helps to change beliefs and behavior that cause neurotic and other pathological conditions. it is quite successfully combined with drug therapy and is considered from the standpoint of, well, modern evidence-based medicine, well, very effective. there is also a community of support for codependent persons, and yes, first of all, these are anonymous, codependent and so-called adult children. alcoholics, they exist, well, in addition to well-known programs, yes, alcoholics anonymous, narcotics anonymous, gamblers anonymous, and so on, moreover , a large number

of self-help guides have been written on the topic of codependency, eight teams from four countries , all participants are chosen, our arena is a witness to spectacular battles and unbending fortitude, because this is a chance to express themselves and prove that they are even stronger than they were before, i love extreme sports, i really like it, i don’t have any fears, and they ended up in a computer game where everything is real, who will win the main crystal and the title of heroes, the game will show, well, the game has begun , one minute, real emotions and serious tests, a race for survival, not a child's game, wow, wow, ah, let's catch up

with our fate, hold on, i’m here, i almost cried at the end - that , look, a sports and entertainment show, the heroes, on our tv channel, we’re going on an expedition in the corners of our country, the hour has come to pick up a good campaign and leave the city, there, these people really felt pile. from the ruins of the grodzen region. let's follow the history and myastsovye abrads. in the gancharakh lidsk region there is a unique pakroa kingdom, built in 1774 from stone and wood. pausyudna in belarus was barred, as if the woman, her husband’s passion had unraveled, pissed off the young ones with other men. once upon a time, the need for skin care has become a bad thing. so vos pershi kutochak, svatochak trebba padsaladzіts. and with these old traditions there is a new life.

gylya-gylya, sharry geese, not kalamutse vada, time with projects in advance at the minute on tv channel belarus 244. someone just doesn’t admits that he has a problem, yes, there is such a group, they are probably the majority, but you can already say that someone is just, well, embarrassed or something, afraid to go to the doctor, because then somewhere they will write something on the cards, to the same society of anonymous alcoholics, when i go there, i am ashamed, this consciousness changes a little, one of the stages of working with psychologists and psychotherapists is just awareness and recognition. addiction, because addiction is a mental illness, it is a chronic disease, that

means that a person will be dependent all his life, that is, there are no former alcoholics either, it does not happen, a person can remain sober for a long time, 10 years, 20 years, until the end of his life, but nevertheless there is an addiction, and there is a possibility of failure to care in a binge, it is much higher than in a person who does not have an addiction and drinks alcohol. and can control the dose , that is, after a certain period of sobriety, people with alcohol addiction begin to think: i haven’t been drinking for a long time, i haven’t been drinking for a year or two or five, and i can already drink like everyone else, but this is an illusion, such a person will never be able to drink like everyone else, because control is lost, and if the first few drinks, perhaps a person can control it, then the body will very quickly remember how it is it happened when there was a lot of alcohol, there was no need to control it, and as a rule, binge drinking developed. it’s difficult to recognize the problem, because in

our society people who drink alcohol are often treated quite loyally, especially if they are men; women are somehow they are more ashamed, and women hide more, but men, especially young men, physically strong, often even show off , telling their friends that oh, i got so drunk yesterday, everyone says, oh, yes, well done, that is, they positively reinforce this. .. and in society there is an illusion that a person with alcohol addiction is such marginal people, already homeless, who, yes , drink, lie under the fence, do not reach home, and of course, when a person looks at himself, and he still let's say quite successful, he has a good job, he has a good salary, it’s difficult for him to compare his addiction with this marginal person, without a specific... place of residence, and he’s afraid to admit the problem, he ’s afraid that his relatives will start shaming him, that

his friends will start shaming him, therefore, you can contact us, doctors, psychiatrists, narcologists anonymously, there are anonymous consultations, there is anonymous treatment, then information about the person, his name does not appear anywhere, he can undergo a course of treatment, or he can undergo an outpatient consultation, there is such a concept, again among the people, female alcoholism; is it really, as they say, categorically incurable? women's enzymatic system is also different from men's, and women digest and break down alcohol worse. than men, plus, in our society, drinking alcohol by women is still not welcomed , it is harder for women to see a doctor, psychiatrist, or narcologist, they are even more afraid of condemnation, they understand that they will receive this condemnation faster than men, women often hide they drink alcohol in the evening, when all the housework has already been done, when the children and husband

are sleeping, plus women still rarely drink strong alcohol, they drink weaker alcohol, this is wine, champagne, and from here there is also an illusion that i’m not drinking yet vodka for women, while there i do not drink cognac and other strong drinks, i cannot have an alcohol addiction, but in fact the dose of alcohol is, no matter what strength of alcohol you drink, if you exceed the permissible dose, then it will be unsafe for you, so how women are embarrassed to go to doctors, they come late, they come when i am already either... a far advanced second stage of addiction or the third, in this case, yes, unfortunately, the treatment is more difficult and longer than for men, is there the same safe dose, tatyana romanovna, why am i asking, because they say, italians, they have breakfast with wine, lunch with wine, and there is no problem, france also has wine, it’s just a matter of the quality of the drink, well

, at least that’s what you hear , tell me. is there really no problem there? is considered, and as for the safe dose, maybe a glass of wine for lunch , as is customary in italy, is quite normal, currently the conditionally safe dose is considered to be 10 g of pure alcohol per reception, this is approximately, well, 45 ml of vodka, approximately 120-130 ml of dry wine, or somewhere a little more than half a bottle of beer, when consumed once, no more than twice a week, this dose can be considered safe, but if a person drinks alcohol, then in our society he rarely drinks it in such doses . u we have a different enzymatic system, we cannot compare ourselves there with the italians , with the french, we have a different alcohol, if alcohol is consumed more than two, well, maximum

three times a week, if a single use exceeds... two of these safe doses per day, but for young men, physically strong, this can be three doses, for men of retirement age and for women - this is a maximum of two doses per single dose, but if this dose is exceeded, if the amount of alcohol consumed per week is more than two, then this this is the first sign that alcohol addiction can form. tatyana ramanovna, thank you very much, as we already understand, people often start drinking... alcohol to relieve tension, primarily psycho-emotional, but in fact, in this way the psyche is overloaded even more, our correspondent will tell you about healthy alternatives for relieving stress . psychohygiene is the science of preserving and maintaining the health of the human psyche, and as doctors say, this is not a series of tools to bring the psyche into

normal. psychohygiene is a way of life. of course, most often ours. destroys stress, it’s not easy to say, don’t worry or don’t worry , here you need to learn to adapt to stress, probably first of all, because stress is the mechanism that is good, on the one hand, it is provided by nature to teach us to adapt, that is, to train us, on the other hand, there is the concept of distress - this is a harmful state. for the human body and how to get away from this state, everyone generally knows how to do it in their own way, in quotes, because it’s right to get rid of such a state, you need to study, study all your life. if we take specific recommendations from doctors, this is alternating physical activity with mental activity, that is, if a person works a lot intellectually, sitting at the computer, then he needs to take