[000:00:00;00] alarmist voices gave in, the russians built a new system of relations with the european union, by the way, just as belarus built a system of trade and economic ties mutually beneficial with the european union, this is a challenge, they said in washington, a challenge for - transatlantic solidarity, the russians and there belarusians are eroding transatlantic solidarity together, they influence our european allies, primarily germany, we need to do something about it, we need to somehow destroy this system of ties, energy, trade, economic, investment, and this was beneficial to the europeans, it was very beneficial, especially to germany, yes , and partly i see this as the reason why the united states, then the obama administration, in 1914, and then the trump administration, with no less bitterness, with colossal bitterness, the biden administration, clung to they tried

to use the situation in ukraine as much as possible to destroy trade and economic ties between russia and the european union, belarus and the european union. first of the conflict in the middle east, ukraine took second, third role, even on twitter it in the top 15, has not been present for a long time, and from zelsky they are increasingly criticizing that the ukrainian counter-offensive failed, in this regard there are quite a lot of opinions, including in the western press, but as a journalist i follow the press, yes, that maybe, no, no, yes, and, as it were, the west will just carefully merge ukraine , first of all, merge zelsky, naturally, and will try to come to an agreement with russia directly, about some, let’s say, about some point, about some territories, i believe that ukraine is a means, it is not a goal, made serious investments, tens of billions of dollars have already been spent, and indeed, kiev is not showing the results

that were probably expected in washington. if we look at the importance of ukraine, then look at the request that president biden’s administration has now submitted to congress to increase assistance to ukraine, military assistance, yes, there are more than 60 billion, 62 billion dollars, these are colossal funds that are planned to be spent next year, in the twenty-fourth year on military assistance to ukraine, if we look at to the ratio: with the indicators that exist for planned military assistance to israel, then there are only 14 billion dollars , these are the priorities, you never know what’s on twitter, this is the money that is being invested because of which washington will ask kiev , ask for results, and what the results may be, here is a failed ukrainian counter-offensive, this is a negative result, so zelsky’s positions

become more precarious. apparently they will continue to push the ukrainian armed forces forward, despite the fact that it is clear that they do not have forces and resources to counteract the armed forces of the russian federation, but washington will demand results, because a huge amount of military equipment has been supplied from all nato countries, that is , there are presidential elections in the united states next year, and accordingly the biden administration needs, as i understand it, and by the seventh, in my opinion, there will be elections there, we need to come with at least some kind of interim decision on ukraine to show that all the money and effort spent were not in vain, as you think, and this too, although for the american voter, of course, this is a much less significant issue on the external political agenda than the situation in the middle east, this also needs to be understood, but in general the american voter, he votes with his wallet, with his heart and wallet, because

much more. .. significance , much more important for the american voter will be the situation on the labor market, the situation on the consumer lending market, what will happen to inflation, what will happen to household incomes, what will happen to investment processes, what will happen on the stock market, in fact for the american voter, these things are much more significant, what will happen to the social system: many promises, some have already been fulfilled, many are not fulfilled, what will happen with infrastructure projects, against this background in fact, foreign policy issues are always secondary, although the ukrainian crisis was not accidentally given such media coverage in the west, it was indeed promoted, including for internal purposes in the united

states, in any case, even in america at some point, the refrigerator may defeat democratic values ​​abroad, that a democratic voter is a person from the middle class, from the middle class, and not necessarily from white anglo-saxon protestants, but rather on the contrary, he is a person with social orientations with a certain social reformist fervor, biden walked as a social reformist president, and he did a lot, i already said that he promised a lot from the point of view. infrastructure and social programs and many things are difficult, difficult to implement, and he has one a very big problem, now

the american state budget has reached a very significant size, this is 6 three dollars, such a budget has never existed in the history of the united states, and at the same time 1.6 trillion dollars, this is a deficit, a colossal amount, against this background, of course, when it was being prepared for the interview i watched a lot of videos, including on the internet, and one of these we call them simple and philistine people’s questions, people watch that america is allocating a lot of money to ukraine, now huge amounts of money can go to israel and no less large amounts of assistance from taiwan, because on the island of taiwan it’s also like that... to help on three fronts at once and distribute these crazy sums, well, i would rather talk about whether

the american economy can withstand the american foreign policy of the american military -whether political resources can withstand what the biden administration has set its sights on in the long term. perspective, because if we look at the strategic documents, the american and national security strategy, and most of the pentagon documents that were adopted already under the biden administration , they are focused on long-term systemic, so-called dual containment of russia and china , before the tradition of american foreign policy thought, since the time of henry kissinger, it was believed that it was impossible to build confrontational relations with two leading global powers at the same time. russia has become enemy number one for the united states, now, but, but actually in the long term, enemy

number one is china. because china has comparable economic power. china has growing military power and a growing military budget, i propose. let’s say a little bit, from the globe to return here to minsk, relations between minsk and washington have been in a very, let’s say , difficult state for many years, and in your opinion, why is belarus for the united states for many years such an irritant to belarus and the president of belarus belarus is a country that has a clear understanding of its national interests, belarus is a country that it is developing quite well economically... belarus is an ally of russia, having its own view of global processes, having a diversified system of foreign political, foreign economic relations with china, with the islamic republic

of iran, with india, with many other countries, with venezuela, in including with many countries that washington considers as its opponents, adversaries, well , russia alone is enough here, here... russia and belarus have a union state, there are deep, allied relations, in the military-political sphere, it is clear that belarus has chosen an independent course of development; this, of course, causes irritation in washington. the irritation is long-term, constant , systemic, washington understands perfectly well that there are sectors of the economy where russia and belarus are very closely interconnected, and many things cannot be done in russia. without belarusian components, without belarusian suppliers, without belarusian partners, they understand this perfectly well, that is, now one of the most popular abbreviations in the media, brix, how do you

do you think brix really is the future? brix is ​​a club, a club of new leaders of the world economy, and if we look at the balance of forces in the world economy, we will see that, for example, in production - oil, in gas production, brix countries, especially here... brix 11, new expanded brix is ​​already more than 50%, even 60%, of the world market; if we look at the world food market, it is more. world food market, and so for most sectors, if you look at the total power of the brics countries, otherwise we will see that they are no longer only comparable to the countries of the group of seven, but in many respects they are superior to them, and there, in fact, in the west they began to understand this out of happiness, so from the seven more and more the same americans, the europeans are turning to the twenty, yeah.

if we talk about brix as such a more powerful serious platform for interaction, then of course very serious work is required here, because all countries have their own interests, multidirectional, somewhere they may even be competitors of the brix country in relation to to each other, but everyone understands that a new polycentric world is being formed, in which the brix countries will have to play a more serious role. last question, i know that you signed a memorandum with the belarusian institute of strategic studies, please tell us a little about what these documents are, what doors and opportunities it opens for you, well, we have been friends with our colleagues from the belarusian institute of strategic studies since their very creation, and i can say that since the nineteenth year it has been done great work by our colleagues from bc, we have great opportunities for holding joint seminars , conferences, situational analyses, at our institute at one time... a methodology for conducting situational analyzes was developed, when we

analyze conflict situations, crisis situations, we are ready with our belarusian friends to share experiences and approaches, i am sure that we will also do research projects together, including the preparation of reports that we can send to the leadership of both countries, we have a lot in common tasks, many common problems, i believe that the belarusian institute for strategic studies is a dynamic... a growing think tank that covers, well, a very wide range of topics, i see here huge prospects for joint research analytical work, so we will work, we will, fyodor genrikhovich, thank you very much

for the interesting conversation, thank you. the end of september 1982 became significant for the belarusian capital. it was the first time that she hosted the forum, which was held with the assistance of unesco, the united nations organization for issues of education, science and culture. the conference on slavic

cultures and the world cultural process began. it brought together more than 200 scientists from 23 countries. but why exactly did this event attract such attention from the cultural community? and why the issues of the development of slavic cultures in the context of world civilization were considered at such a high level. until recently, the soviet union categorically did not accept the idea of ​​joining unesco; until the early fifties, the leadership of the soviet union had a negative attitude towards organizations which were created by the un, including unesco, but guided by the soviet leader, they believed that these organizations were pursuing policies in the interests of western, largest western states, therefore it was not appropriate for the soviet union to participate in such organizations. everything changed after

stalin's death. on april 21, 1954, the ussr ambassador to england yakov malik signed the unesco charter. a month later, the bssr became a full member of the organization. literally immediately the belarusian side took the initiative to include on the agenda the next session of unesco questioned the importance of studying slavic. in the context of world civilization. in august 1957, the first meeting of the bssr national commission for unesco was held in minsk, where the issue of carrying out activities to

celebrate the seventy-fifth anniversary of yanka kupala, through unesco, was discussed; they were supported unanimously, but unexpectedly, the discussion turned around another issue. comrades, i propose that we need to declare the rich cultural heritage of the belarusian soviet socialist republics, what do you think? but the debate on each of them is not joking. the head of the political department laid out folders with photographs of objects and their descriptions in front of the commission members. well, firstly, this is the unique belarusian nature. here object number one is the belarusian part of belovezhskaya pushcha, with its relict forest, the only one preserved in europe, secondly, architectural objects, our mir castle, nesvezhsky castle, this is what we should be proud of and

what we should show, and the folder that caused controversy: intangible cultural heritage can hardly qualify for inclusion in the list of world cultural heritage, rituals, folklore, weaving, this is rather a question for consideration at the next session of unesco; belarus will prove that intangible heritage has the right to be on the list of world cultural heritage in the 21st century. then, in 1982, a conference in minsk summed up the great work that was carried out by the republic as part of its participation in unesco programs. this opened up wide opportunities for the presentation of belarusian culture, unique, multinational in the world.

what was there to imagine? new frontiers: this is how one can characterize the culture of the bssr in the early fifties. samulyavin appeared, these are two important components , we owe them this takeoff, because luchenko not so much for the songs, but primarily for the fact that he was already on, as they say, on horseback, remember, a veteran can’t sleep to sing, it was staged in

moscow, it was already respected, because at that time the vocal instrumental ensemble was looked at a little bit with scythes, at the same time belarusian pop music literally burst onto the all-union stage, and at the same time viktor vuyachich made a serious bid for belarusian pop music on the all-union stage, not only with a cult song that only a veteran can’t sleep with, but also with a whole cycle of songs based on poems by belarusian poets. their arrangements sounded new and were instantly loved by the audience , rovina begins, he literally creates from a picture, i remember i was just starting

to work at shabolovka, and there was a program about your artist vuyachich, when i went to work in 1973... year in japan, teach classes, speak in russian, i looked in japan for who came, they told me vuyachich came, he was in my program in japan, they also sang. the songs of alexandra

pakhmutova and nikolai are heard on the all-union stage. when these, without exaggeration, great construction projects began, they called it the baikal highway, just as there was virgin land, you understand, everyone, even our cultural figures, they rushed to support this, which is worth alexander pakhmutov and nikolai, the biography of our entire country, union, it is in these songs and poems our wonderful classics, igor luchenok became on a par with them. thanks to luchenko , there was a takeoff, he created not just an ensemble, he created a whole wave, and on this whole wave both the veros and the silver,

light, and dewy ones rode. the belarusian stage was finding its face, the emergence of vocal-instrumental ensembles became a phenomenon , belarusian songs burst into the cultural space of the ussr in their performances, ensembles pesnyary, syabry. i believe that in our art , both the soviet union and russia, no matter what the country is called, pesnyary, sebra, this is generally

pride, glory, this is just our flag, a completely different song, a simple belarusian song, that’s all, if you know, such brilliant things, they are all simple. when the singers sang you asked me for news, there is such a vocalist who then unites in chords and hangs, and i felt that you know, as if the air was moving something, you know, it was such a very powerful moment, you know, that’s why this was such a really, really powerful breakthrough. thanks to them , a new direction was born in the belarusian pop music art. it would seem that the repertoire

of each ensemble is based on a belarusian song. but each one sounded unique, especially, and it was not a rivalry. in the national culture, they complemented each other. this is culture. this is the theme, this is the belovezhskaya pushcha alone, how talented they are, how they found each other, united and what level of voice, performance, a sacred melody , a sacred distance, the light of a crystal dawn, the light rising above the world, what taste it was, and not... they didn’t sing some cheap stuff, it was always the content, it was the lyrics, it was

tenderness, these were, i cry, positive emotions, from distant centuries, i am flying to you, belovezhskaya pushcha. the republic became recognizable not only on the all-union stage, but abroad. the songs of the ensembles, whose popularity was rapidly growing, were sung everywhere. they were performed at prestigious international

competitions. in 1970. first prize at the all-union competition. performers of soviet songs, but not everything was so simple and unambiguous, this met with opposition, i know one honored person who believed that they were simply spoils a belarusian song, it’s always this strong one, it comes through very, very difficult, and then everyone says: oh, how good. who is not familiar with the much-loved song that sounded in the early seventies, it still delights the hearts of listeners, but despite everything, eduard hank’s songs became hits of all times. malinovka didn’t want to drink, then there was an explosion with the veros.

malinovka, i’m at my grandmother’s and the blackbird, and i wanted malinovka to drink it. i kilo, and yak yola either wanted or didn’t want, in the end, when he refused, i come here to coincidence, i’m in moscow, i go to the melody company, they tell me, yesterday your some kind of ensemble , it wasn’t shining yet, recorded some of your songs, it turned out that it was malinovka, it was a time when outstanding young and already... with the name of the actors: nikolai eremenko, rostislav yankovsky, stefania stannyuta, makarova, molchanov. it was a time when people lined up at the box office to get into the performance, and every premiere by a famous director became an event. dmitry orlov, already known from

named after the young and talented boris lutsenko, the kupala theater and the russian drama theater become leading in the republic, recognizable in the ussr. cultural figures, how they helped, and the performances were appropriate, songs were played, and concerts. and it’s very good, they say there: censorship, censorship, no, censorship, maybe the word is so iron, metallic, it is not euphonious. but it was the right selection, competent,

fine art, folk art. this other belarusian renaissance in our literature and aesthetics and history in this hour , the development of national prose, national poetry, dramaturgy, journalism, our philology, literature of science began at a rapid pace. many of whom are front-line soldiers, whose works are still proud today, have stood the test of time. galina prose saw the vigilance of our famous writer, the brilliant master of words ivan pyatrovich shamyakin, the most outstanding apovests appeared, a cycle of raman. to other distinguished

masters, words, writers, and dandies, we are of course vasil. iago prose supernumerary realistic and prudent apovests. all citizens of the savetskaya union, not only belarusians, the entire slavic and european world, fell in love with them. i am proud of my creativity and the glory of orthodoxy and the land, and our literature. petrus brovka, melish, lynkov, maxim tank, alesya adamovich, a whole constellation of outstanding belarusian writers. regarding the belarusian leadership. there was a special, reverent attitude towards the creative intelligentsia; history has preserved a unique fact in itself. the first secretary of the central committee of the communist party of belarus, kiril mazurov, corresponded with poets in verses. his correspondence with petrus brovka has been preserved, and it means that brovka wrote to him in

verse, some congratulations and even not only congratulations to the ambassador there. holidays, his father also answered him in verse, it was just some funny letters, but unusually, in verse in the belarusian language. confession. do creative things for people. one of the most important incentives for the development of national literature was the respect of the dzyarzhava and the support on the side of the dzyarzhava of the most talented, most, most affluent writers. i maxim. tank and ivan melezh, vasil bykov. new trends in literature were also born. it became

multi-genre, koratkevich, adamovich, bryl. but the military-patriotic theme remained the main one in all types of art. it sounded powerful through the rethinking of the terrible events of the war in national cinema. the best creations of our autaras were screened, some for some outstanding prasaic creations , dramatic creations were worked, films shot in belarus in a film based on the work of belarusian cars were released on the wide screen the soviet union and foreign countries and came out with themes that were close and understandable to a million, the main one of

which was military, man does not give up, alpine ballad, third rocket, ruins are shooting, partisan-film, this name was then firmly assigned to the film studio. bright, memorable works filled with love for the motherland became an example of courage and patriotism for a decade. this theme was embodied in music, painting, and embodied in monuments and memorials. khatyn became one of the landmark cities for the republic. it was september sixty-second year. father, with tikhan yakolivich kiselyov, went somewhere in the outskirts of minsk, about 50 km along the vitevskoe highway, turned onto a country road, went out into the forest and decided to take a walk through

the forest, which means that suddenly they came to a large clearing and saw there , in this clearing, it means, a burnt village, the name of the burnt village is khatyn, its terrible story was told by someone who was grazing cows not far from that place. and then the idea was born to erect a monument to the burnt village, in particular this khatyn. pyotr mironovich mashirov was assigned to oversee this project. since he studied ideology, this means that this was given to him. but what kind of memorial should be, opinions differ and they are divided. we are in the creative workshop in which khatyn was created in the sixties ; there were

many innovative solutions in the monumental art of belarus, and khatyn was the first and a very striking example of innovative thinking in architecture. endless creative search. this is exactly what one could call the next draft solution that they were preparing to present to the chairman of the state construction of the bssr vladimir adamovich korol, young architects gradov, zankovich and levin. remembering their last conversation about landmarks, monuments and memorials. which is being built all over the country, we still decided to make our own version: a stove, a star, a fire, we wanted to move away from the generally accepted, we wanted our loved one.

the creative team tried to find those elements that could most emotionally convey the drama of people being burned alive. the king looked at the sketch design on the tablets, not hiding his irritation. you, guys. i of course i understand, you can do whatever you want, where are the sacred things that require a classical solution. well, what is this? then the young architects were left alone with their decision, four cornflowers, one broken, bells, birches, a burnt stove. creative architects understood that perhaps this topic really was not worth

it, they made a traditional solution, but they would not have been such young creative people if they had not yet made their proposal, as they understand the eternal flame, the situation was saved pyotr mironovich masherov, who often looked into the workshop to see how the work was going, and most importantly, what solution for the memorial was found? they came up with this option with three birch trees and an eternal flame in place of the fourth birch tree, and pyotr mironovich said that yes, this is what is needed, and this will become a symbol, i am sure, this will become a symbol of belarus. the project truly turned out to be unique in its kind. decades later, the story of the tragedy of khatyn in the language of architectural design leaves no one

indifferent. and the image of kaminsky, in his arms with the body of the deceased son, embodied by the sculptor silikhanov, conveys all the pain and tragedy of the belarusian people during the war , the opening of the khotyn memorial took place on july 5 , 1969, with a gathering of thousands and thousands of people who walked and walked to this saint. an endless stream, the folk

path to this holy place does not become overgrown even today. the general prosecutor's office stores files here that contain the drama of the belarusian people, they contain materials about the crimes of the nazis and their minions against civilians of the republic during the war, about victims, huge

irreplaceable about torture, executions, torments that the residents of the republic had to go through, here is information about punitive operations, about planted, destroyed settlements, some of which repeated the fate of khatyn, during the investigation of this criminal case, hundreds of previously unknown settlements that were destroyed were identified , including together with residents. but what made us turn again, already in the twenties of the 21st century, to the issue of genocide of the belarusian people. this

contains information about earlier. unknown established only during the investigation of a criminal case in places of forced detention of the population, in death camps, places of mass extermination , burial places of executed, tortured, tormented people and many, many other facts that were not previously known to us, including due to the imposition of secrecy, irrefutable facts, figures, materials of investigative cases. they are a reminder of the consequences of attempts to divide peoples on the basis of elites and subhumans, of how terrible... fascism, what destruction and suffering does it bring to the world? on august 9, 1940, hitler issued

an order to prepare for the blitzkrieg. it must be implemented before the winter of 1941. it went down in history as the auf-bau-ost plan for poland, the western part of the soviet union, from 31 million people, to evict up to 46-51 million people beyond the urals, and for the 14 million who remained there to defeat the russians, as a people. 75% of them must be destroyed, and the remaining 25 must be turned into slaves. gas chambers, gas chambers, sterile stripping, surgical, chemical, radioactive

castration, infection with dangerous diseases, all this is in the arsenal of means of killing the inhabitants of the conquered territories, because the main question had to be solved: how to quickly get rid of a huge number of unnecessary people, we were talking about millions. punitive operations were considered an effective method. they began to be actively used in nazi-occupied belarus from the first days of the invasion.

early in the morning of july 25, 1941 , the silence of the village of pogoreltsy, northwestern bialowieza, was disturbed by the roar of approaching trucks. concerned residents tried to understand what was happening, someone looked out the window, someone ran out into the street, but the nazis were already in full swing there. bursting into houses, they pushed people out into the street, forcing them to sit in the back of cars. whoever resisted was beaten with a rifle butt.

the fascists, in front of the villagers, shot a local activist who tried to protect them. the children's cloak echoed across the village. moans of women while reading the old people, grief came to these lands, and the village began to burn, maybe 40 huts burned, and the baby was born two weeks ago, just like that little one the child and mother were under the threshold, they said that they should bury them here, they wouldn’t take them to the cemetery anywhere, they didn’t immediately collect them, they should bury them in the cities, i was between 11 and 12 years old,

my dad took us to the forest for the night, we’re not far away, there ’s a ditch there bula, well, there was dry bula, there was no water, and the puddle was such a great, great bula. and there, my father, having chopped up the little bits, so that our sitters were there, so that it was not visible anywhere, but in us there were five children, at the very least, the germans would go at night, his mother would rub it in her arms, so that he would not cry, so that didn't feel it may shoot. testified by azarchuk-maria lukinishna, melenkovo ​​village

, kobrin district, brevskaya region. my brother. to germany, i remember, i was a shepherd, there to burn, there to burn, we just drove like a crowd like this, before us they had already driven in two seven-year-olds, two seven-year-olds, in 1941, surrounded one hut and another hut and that’s it , in one. there were six souls and in another house there were six souls , geta in the crooked place, because they beat the seed in front of mekhtina, and then, there were 12 people there, and they were transported and taken at night, and from there a mass grave was dug such a horn and there 12 coffins were placed and stand there, as time passes , more and more evidence of the atrocities of the nazis appears: they once again confirm how large-scale the hitlerites’ plans were to exterminate the inhabitants

of the republic. at the same time , the bloody march of the fascists across belarusian soil began with the first punitive operations. a pacification operation. against civilians, the germans began with execution raids, a proven method of intimidating the population. already all the men who had been gathered around the village, 15 people were taken there behind sokholevka, where there was a lot, they shot, 15 people, six people, farms burned behind the kvarchas, and two sons,

dad, from the memories of eyewitnesses of those terrible events we learn that the same tragedies took place everywhere in the first months of the occupation. but they did not stand on ceremony with anyone, regardless of age, they did not spare

anyone, neither women nor children, they killed just like that, in order to reduce the excess population, according to the manuals developed by the fascists, the mother gave birth already, when minsk was occupied, the fascist killed before my eyes smooth. child, they obstructed the child, and the child cried, his mother gives him breasts to give him milk, and this gives, is passed on to him, and this german tells her, shut his mouth, once again, well, he’s trying somehow, he had a parabel then, in my opinion, so threw it, caught it by the hand, by the trunk and with the handle, it seemed, he touched the head of this girl, on her mother’s chest, i remember, black blood flowing, he killed. these, like many other

eyewitness accounts, once again remind us that the nazis in the occupied belarusian territory scrupulously carried out the orders of their command in relation to the civilian population, in them, increasingly sophisticated methods of killing. from the materials of the trial in the case of atrocities committed by the nazi invaders in the belarusian ussr on january 15-29, 1946. testimony of witness akimova, a doctor at the minsk psychiatric hospital. it was september 18, 1941. an sss police officer , accompanied by a chemist, ordered dr.

kitaevich to prepare about 20 patients to test the effect of some gas. the sick were ordered to be brought into the bathhouse, near which there were cargo and cars. a hose ran from the car to the doors of the bathhouse, and another pipe went from the window of the bathhouse to the generator of another car. the bathhouse was hermetically sealed. half an hour later, the germans opened the doors of the bathhouse and began throwing corpses onto the cars. the first experience of gas extermination on occupied belarusian territory was used in a psychiatric hospital in novinki. subsequently, gas installations, mobile and stationary, created on the basis of new developments by german specialists,

will appear in the ghetto concentration camps. history has preserved terrible evidence of mass executions that were carried out. gani, i know, the village, the lip, were never revived, the yans after, again terrible evidence, from the testimony of the black vasily

fomich, in the uruchya area i met an eyewitness, well , he began to tell me this story, early in the morning my mother... raised us , he says, let's go, kids, let's collect something for the winter, it was a hungry time, there was a war, well , he says, let's go back, somewhere there we heard a hall, some screams of a homan, our mother is our friend, everyone, how long we lay there, he says, we don’t remember the time, just volleys ended, cars drove up, again volleys, again shots, again hubbub, again... based on this fact, the prosecutor general's office of the republic conducted an examination of the alleged place where civilians were executed. during the excavations , a terrible picture emerged. there were broken skulls, there were broken jaws, this

suggests that the murder took place here with the economy of ammunition, that is, they even felt sorry for the ammunition. on these people, they simply killed them, threw them into a hole, half-dead, and buried them right there. by the end of the forty-first year, the nazis were already a clear system of extermination of people was created, concentration camps, ghettos, punitive operations, which, due to their cruelty towards the civilian population and scale, subsequently , one of the means of mass extermination of the population were concentration camps. in the occupied belarusian territory, hundreds of thousands of civilian

prisoners of war became their prisoners. one of the first camps was created. already on june 29, 1941, by order of the commander of the fourth army , kluge, in the area of ​​​​the village of drozdy near minsk. about 140,000 military personnel, civilian the male population of minsk, under the pretext of re-registration, found themselves in an open field. what happened in the camp in figures and facts recorded by the emergency state commission to establish the atrocities of the nazi invaders and their supporters. in the first 12 days, the nazis shot more than 10,000 people in the blackbirds. about 2,000 died due to heat, hunger, and

the outbreak of the epidemic. so the fascists began to implement. in relation to the local population, prisoners of war, whom hitler ordered not to be considered as soldiers destroy front-line soldiers mercilessly. in the summer of 1941, the number of concentration camps for prisoners of war on the territory of belarus rapidly increased. according to the extraordinary commission of investigation to establish the atrocities of the nazi invaders and their accomplices, in babruisk and its environs alone, during the occupation, up to 40,000 civilians were killed

, and more than 44,000 prisoners of war. the total number of dead soviet prisoners of war in the occupied territory is more than 810,000, according to updated data, almost 1 million human. i don’t understand how i lived in the ghetto, how i survived, you just have to have a wild imagination to imagine how i got out there. i remember a lot somewhere, i believe that god gave me

instructions to tell about everything that i saw, what i heard, and what i experienced. from the first days of the war, in the occupied territories, along with concentration camps and prisons, ghettos were also created. the largest were warsaw, wlodde, lvov, but not a single ghetto in europe could compare with minsk in its cruelty and mass extermination civilian population. in the towns , everyone was shot within two to three months, but here it was

a year and four months. that's all. we went through this for 2 years and 4 months, not a single ghetto in europe can compare with the ghetto in minsk, it was guarded around the clock by sss forces, policemen from among the lithuanian and belarusian nationalist formations, my mother knew malina and we ran there and we sat there for 4 days , everyone was lying down, because they were low, the ceiling was low, everyone was lying down, there were 60 people there , it was scary, sitting locked up for 4 days, there was a woman, polya aginskaya, with a little girl, she was younger than me, she cried. she was strangled in front of her mother so that 60 people

would not die. the minsk ghetto existed from july 20, 1941 to october 21, 1943. it became one of the largest in europe. at least 100,000 jews passed through it, about 90,000 were destroyed, of the 25,000 people deported to the ghetto from europe, only fifty prisoners managed to escape. in relation to children in the territory occupied by the nazis, a plan was implemented for their total

destruction, along with the adult population i learned about this tragedy as a child from my grandmother stepanovna shakhmetova, this orphanage, and just before the execution she managed to jump out of the car and escape. she and another boy, viktor abramov, survived this tragedy, but what actually happened in the damachevsky orphanage, what tragedy played out there in the fall of forty-two, of the children put in the car, 9 years old got off the car

and ran away, everyone else. .. dubica, a car came here, brought these children, they drove them all here, ordered them to undress and they shot them, let alone even buried them or somehow tried to open some of them. just from above, perhaps with some improvised means, or the sapper shovels that they had, shallowly, completely, the fact of the execution was confirmed by the residents of the village of leglevka, at the moment of the execution they heard crying , screams of children and shots. in the following days we were at the scene of the execution, we saw children’s corpses and

the soil was soaked. minsk had its own tragedy. there was an orphanage near the pit on zaslavskaya street, the children were all stabbed to death, not killed by bullets, but stabbed to death. you see, then somewhere they said the lithuanians slaughtered it, which means someone knew , or is taking a soldier, by one leg

of a tiny child, i would have his head, and this is scary, facts about the atrocities of the fascists, which were sent to the emergency state commission, they are about atrocities against children, they cause horror and shock. the village of polikovichi, mogilev region, here the nazis buried alive 60 boys and girls aged 6 to 12 years. spring of 1943. the punishers threw 40 babies into a well in the village of ukhvala, krupsky district. 2128 children from osveya district was drowned in the svolna river. in the bressk, bobruisk, polotsk and polesie regions alone

, 63,290 children were hanged, burned and shot. investigation into the facts of genocide, 14 children's concentration camps were created in the occupied territory, where blood was pumped out of children for wounded wehrmacht soldiers. from the documents presented by the emergency state commission regarding atrocities against children, one of these bloody children's camps, a camp in the red bank of the zhlobin region, we find out it... it was listed as testing a new scientific method of blood sampling: children were suspended by their armpits, their chests were squeezed, and a special injection was given to prevent the blood from clotting. the skin of the feet was cut off, the blood flowed into sealed trays. the lifeless bodies of the children were taken away and burned. the technique was applied to

all children's consoles. but blood was taken from children in almost all concentration camps where they were kept, one of these was babruisk, where the nazis created a special laboratory. in bobryi prison you took

blood with syringes, but these were immediately thrown away. but the war was doing its job. in total , 166,885 children were killed in belarus during the years of occupation. more than 138,000 were left orphans. almost 33,000 minor residents of the republic were taken to germany. they became prisoners of children's concentration camps. more than 35,000 belarusian children. and

the world will learn the fascists’ know-how on the mass extermination of people at the nuremberg trials in 1946. the materials of the azarari death camp case will present evidence of more than 2,000 prisoners killed in record time, even by wartime standards, in almost 10 days. they took me out of the village of izabelina, this is the mogilev region, kirov district, the germans did not give me food in the concentration camp, there was no water in the concentration camp. we took this dirty snow, heated it in our palms, and so we drank water, and the corpses of dead people lay nearby, and

those who were still alive did not have the strength to remove them, the camp was a swampy place, fenced with two rows of barbed wire, on it was not allowed to approach within 2 m of the wire. if someone violated this zone, they immediately started shooting, people died before our eyes, there was a groan, there was a cry, the cloak was standing, well, they brought us to the camp, and many were driven on foot, they already arrived so exhausted that they fell and

never got up from that place. i can’t feel my legs anymore, but i warm my hands under this candle, yana’s thigh is dead, and i say with my hands, there was constant shooting, it usually started at 5 o’clock, like this in the evening until 9:00 until, apparently, our the troops did not discover that this was a camp. i also remember one terrible story,

there was a family next to us, a large family, there were many children there, one night, i really remember this night, there was severe frost at night, during the day... it melted, then frost again, and this family did not wake up the next morning, so they all sat there, so they remained on their haunches. in march 1944, on the territory of the bssr, the fascists conducted a monstrous experiment on the civilian population, which shocked the world with its cruelty. in the camp, we were all infected with typhus, once they brought, as i remember, bread , this bread was so bitter, you know,

it was impossible, it stank of itself, with mola, this bread was sopilka. from a memo to a german soldier: remember and do it. you just have to act, not be afraid of anything. no nerves, no heart, no pity, you are made of german iron. destroy pity and compassion in yourself, kill every russian, soviet, don’t stop if it’s in front of you. old man or

woman, girl or boy, and there was no pity. this will be confirmed in new investigations by the general prosecutor's office of the republic into the facts of genocide in the relations of the belarusian people. from the testimony of the scarecrow of vladimir nikolaevich, a resident of the urban village of kapotkevich, polesie region. in the morning 29 on march 1942, from the direction of the urban village of kapotkevichi , fascists in uniform arrived on horse-drawn sleighs. the nazis drove local residents out of their homes and forced everyone into a large barn. some of the locals managed to escape, while others were captured. the nazis forced about 100 people into the barn and set the barn with people on fire. and

people burned. local nationalists also acted against the civilian population, who , under the slogan of pacification, also killed, robbed, policemen, these were really, these were bastards who were killed, their own people they were mocked at, well, as they are called, the bastards, vazarych had a command post, there were so many fingers that they were working towards a goal, and the burgom is close to us, the skin of our skin was riding on a mission ў other

villages, in our village, yany.. .they didn’t kill anything, but to other villages they transported meat, they transported sheep, they transported mustache, they transported everything, they ate everything and lived , the fascists with policemen began to arrive , the police chief, tall, healthy, take the cow to the germans, you won’t get a cow, we and we'll shoot all your children, but we need a cow it was 4 km through the forest. the trees where the german garrison stood in the forest, the mother of the werewolf got this cow on the leg, what to do? the punishers cruelly took revenge on the civilian population for their failures. the nazis each time invented new methods of reprisals. more sadistic and cruel. residents of the village of karpilovka, where

there were 127 households, were not immediately burned. they began to count down 10 people for the punisher and take them to the stables. soon, machine gun fire was heard from there. but the fate of the residents of karpilovka during the punitive operation of bamberg was repeated in hundreds of others. during the period of the so-called pacification action, about 80 belarusian villages were damaged, 3,600 houses were burned, and more than 500 residents died. the punitive forces committed particular atrocities against the village of khvoynya, petrikovsky district, where

1,419 of its residents were killed. the nazis were preparing to take revenge for their failures at the front in the fight against the partisans. the population of the republic had to endure even more bloody and large-scale punitive operations of the nazis. terrible evidence from eyewitnesses of the events,

from those who managed to escape. it’s like we’re already bombed, and we’re on the run, and the plane is thirsty, and there are bombs, everything here, the whole garden here was bombed from the geta, i don’t care, we ’ve been here a lot, so well, i’m here right here,

right here here's a papala. a terrible testimony even from those who were on the other side. in the military-historical journal of the white migration sentinel, which surrendered in paris until 1988, an article by valdis balttins entitled i dare not remain silent was published, in it about terrible atrocities during the period... swamp fever about what latvian legionnaires did from latvian sss battle on belarusian soil. i don’t remember the name of the village in which my attention was attracted by a cloud of flies circling over a wooden

barrel. looking into the barrel, i saw severed men's heads in it. some had mustaches and... after talking with the surviving residents, we had no doubt that the latvian ss men also operated here; even those who were on the other side were horrified by the cruelty of the latvian ss legion. the punitive operation swamp fever lasted until september 21. the fascists' accomplices... were legionnaires from number of latvian nazis, 15, 24, twenty- sixth latvian police battalions.

the ablava is gone from my memory, then the lithuanians and latvians marched, they burned everything. in a deserted house in the village of trakhimovich, a child, a girl of about five years old, was quietly crying in a corner. until recently, my mother was nearby, but

suddenly there were shots and people screaming. mom only managed to move the chest away and hide her behind it. then the germans burst in and took my mother away somewhere. i wanted to get out of my hiding place, i wanted to eat, i wanted my mother to come quickly, but all around... there was this silence, which made me scared, the girl carefully stood up, there was no one in the house, maybe her mother was somewhere on the street, the girl , carefully stepping so that the floorboard did not creak, was already approaching the door, suddenly it swung open, two people entered the house, they were talking in sweat. .. the girl rushed

towards them with joy. but the kitten pressed her, it was painful, she began to cry, but one uncle began to shout at her, demanding to say who else was in the house, and the girl just cried, repeating, i want to go to my mother, i’m still crying, mom, mom, policeman, i guess, i'm your mom. i will lead you to the barn and i shot that girl there. in december 1942 , another bloody operation began after rounding up and executing civilians. it went down in history under the name

hamburg and took place in the lida baranovichi volkovys triangle. oh dzed all the kazau “labuzy”, then geta was leshkarats. there were people hanging out in the forest, ostretsyats chalaveks, they forgot,

i say, it’s karate. the same chaikhoskis anton iosifovich and his wife iago and the roof were in there, and the germans chased them away, kicked them out, kicked them out, drove them into the house, closed them, and doused them with gasoline, set them on fire, and then,

cotton is the smallest, seven godzіkaў, zhyў byў, vyskachyў with agnyu, prasiўsya, dzyadzenki, not stralyaytse, during the hamburg operation, punitive forces killed 364 residents in the village of bolshaya volya 336 in the village of towns 142 the villages of mostovsky district were damaged, the boyars - 50 people, shara 80, in the backyard 151. unfortunately, our own people handed over our own. the role of punishers from among the belarusian nationalists was great in

the bloody operations carried out by the germans. they stepped on one leg, and with their hands they tore apart the other leg, mocked as they wanted. the german command, giving orders to carry out punitive operations, demanded that the most stringent measures be taken against

the local population. with civilians. acted according to orders. based on the testimony of kulich golin, german punitive detachments came to the village of gorodets, kirovsky district, who drove the villagers into the school building and burned it down. when they were burning people near the barn, my mother hid as she left... with the children and they shot at them, and then the germans caught them, they said, we’ll give bread, we’ll fall for this one, they’ll give us something to eat, right away they took him away and put him in kirovsk, prison , whatever, genocide against civilians was associated not only with the fight against partisans and

residents who sympathized with them, as documents testify, the fascists developed a special method of exterminating them. from the interrogation of rodok to sevolod filoretovich, the former burgomaster of vitebsk. october 22, 1945, nkvd of the bssr. the extermination took place mercilessly where no one could see, in points more distant from the city and communication routes, no longer visible. only for the autumn of '42 the nazis burned down 100 villages of settlements in more than thirty regions of the republic, i remember even the nashavian country where i lived was all burned out, before

there was a malodoletsk kossar zharovsky, these 50 dzereniyas were burned, there was such a case in the malodoletsk village, this used to be, a village was burned down, and 40 they left their lives alive at the grave, these are terrible murders, they killed people, they burned villages, it’s scary, i can’t even do magic, i’m crying. the ukrainians, as they were called, the bandarovites, were the ones who killed people and hanged everything, shot people for nothing that, even my dear mother, it was my husband who was killed, not like my husband, they beat me and my friend

with barbed wire until they were killed , for weeks, the earth was moving, it was all torn up , they were still alive somewhere, there were 118 police security battalions formed in the fall of 1942 in kiev from among western ukrainian nationalists, ukrainian prisoners of war and mobilized youth from rural areas of the kiev

region, the battalion commanded... at the end , sotal was transferred to belarus, took part in punitive operations in the minsk vitep and grodno regions. in that day, the nazis called for reinforcements. the zondar-team of the sss under the command of the criminal vanger, which was different. having burst into khotyn and not finding the partisans there, the massacre began against civilians. how events unfolded further in the testimony of eyewitnesses,

residents of the village of the kamensky village council of the pleschenitsky district of the minsk region. march 25 , 1943. on march 22, above this year , german monsters attacked the neighboring village of khatyn and burned its structure. residents numbering 150 people were brutally exhausted and burned. 40 adult men and 34 women were burned. there were 70 children of different ages from one month to 14 years. a village of twenty-six households was completely burned.

another one was added to the sad list of burned belarusian villages in march 1943 - khatyn. execution of the population of the village of khatyn. according to the last chords of the bloody operation “winter magic”, or in the german version, winter enchantment, it was carried out from february 16 to march 31, 1943 in the sebisch triangle, osveya-polotsk. the main performers are german units that were also present, anti-aircraft and artillery units. a communications platoon, two special groups, police and sd, a special purpose air group. the main striking force is