[000:00:00;00] fortunately because everything, in any case, you liked it, as i see, although you are not a hunter, but i know that many people who learned about this are already planning their hunting, future activities today, based on this desire to receive such a sign is very, very attractively tempting, but as i understand it, only new hunters or those who will begin their activities in the near future can become the owner of such a sign? a hunter with experience, anyone who wants, let's say counting from this year and he confirms to us from this year, the klugs of previous years are not taken into account, yes, we decided that this is a blank slate, we will begin the history of this sign. igorevich today in the palace, among other things, you discussed the process of regulating the number of animals listed in the red book, and here, by the way, i will voice the fact that you told journalists to confiscate some

the number of animals in order to equalize and create a balance between man and animal, this formulation is incomprehensible, can you please explain what this implies? in our opinion, in our assessment, a number of - hunting, potentially hunting species today, which are included in the red book, have reached the level of their population that allows, if not to open a hunt, then to regulate their numbers, there are objective reasons for this, i will name what i hear today... this is a bear and the lynx are two such species, and of course this is the bison, in our assessment, if we talk about the latter, then today the bison needs to be transferred to the status of a game animal and this herd, which has grown to its limits, must be exploited, and this is recognized by everyone, from the owners of these herds to scientists to exploit this herd, pragmatically, excuse the word, in the interests of the hunting economy of the owner of these populations, micropopulations, since

today nothing... threatens it and it can no longer be confiscated in just a few, but in dozens, as i believe, based on its quantity, the dynamics of replenishment of the herd, development, today requires emergency measures to resettle this bison in various regions of the country so that there are micropopulations there and so on, requires exploitation, breeding, excuse the pragmatism, yes, but uh individuals that are not take part in the reproduction of replacement with new new blood, yes, in this, so that there is no inbreeding and so on, and for this it is necessary that this species be a hunting species, because this is impossible to do with the red books, as for the bear, we also suggest, to find a golden mean, if anything, our scientific community categorically objects to opening a hunt for him, albeit rationed, rationed, that is, strictly in designated areas for a certain

number, and to this day. still doubts and can calculate the number of bears, which we have already done a long time ago, and or cannot deduce the optimal number, which should be the maximum number, or rather in the country, then we say, okay, let's take a different path, we will start regulating the number there , where a bear annoys a person, where there is an excessive amount of it, and we will seize it, seize it - this means hunting it, that is, not hunting it, obtaining a quantity, a certain number of permits, extracting it, and thereby reducing... the degree of tension in society, where he comes into contact with people, with problem animals, which, well, in the vitebsk region, excuse me, there is definitely an excess amount there, where he is not there, of course no one is calling not to open a hunt and not to shoot him, there is no such goal, but we firmly we are convinced that the dynamics of reproduction, or rather replenishment of the population from bear to lynx, which is observed in the country today, does not just allow us to open this

hunt fragmentarily, with quotas, it forces... to this, there was such a proposal, and that’s what we’re talking about not about bloodthirstiness or some kind of extra earnings, because we understand and are aware that no one will make money from this, russia , god bless the memory of 8,000 licenses for shooting bear annually and every year less and less, no more than 2.5-3 only in demand, it doesn’t shoot, no one needs it, so in principle we don’t have that many people who want to hunt with guidance. and the increase in population, this affected , i don’t know, living conditions there, i don’t know, nature there, because, again, these are red book restrictions on absolutely the direct dependence, or rather the cause-and-effect relationship, to this phenomenon is the following, we, excuse the state, have been investing a lot of money for the last few decades in saturating the natural environment with animals, birds, and this has had some success, not certain, great

success, the rest. .. the number of animals is growing, even though we are depopulating the wild boar, the herd of ungulates is growing, the bear’s food supply is increasing, the food capacity of the entire country, the entire... the scope of its activity, life activity is increasing, and accordingly, today it is rare when you meet a she-bear with one bear cub, two or three bear cubs, what does this mean, that they have no favorable conditions, no competition in food competition, no natural enemies, the increase is obvious, taking into account the specifics of this animal, we are saying that today it is necessary to at least begin to regulate the number, where there is a lot of it, so that the bear develops a natural... instinct or fear of humans, which we do not see today, i don’t really want to predict some unpleasant consequences, but they are quite real, i know this from hearsay, since i myself hunted bear several times in russia, met and came across great

specialists, saw bear victims and know the statistics, so my attitude is this: today, how do you generally describe the situation, or can you characterize it based on the state of society and the participants in your, let’s say, movement, hunters, how respectable they are, how ready they are for all innovations? well, you know, i am essentially an optimist, yes in this sense, but i can, well, if i tell the truth and honestly answer your question, i can say that the hunting industry in the country, as a whole, is in a rather degraded state , there are a lot of questions related to why this happened. on the one hand, it seems that the state is doing a lot to make it acceptable , good, beautiful, and as i said about the beast , every year we buy and resettle red deer, now the lady-dame doe, we also

produce, we want there to be more , we are engaged in reproduction, on the other hand, the arms embargo on cartridges, everything that our neighbors and so on, damned friends apply to us, this policy does not contribute to development, of course, plus a number of conventional norms in the environmental sphere, which are clearly discriminatory against of our country, therefore we are fighting to ensure that as many young people as possible come to us , for this, again, we made changes to the charter and proposed that everyone agreed with us that from the age of 8 parents can bring, with their consent, a child can become a member of the community of hunters and fishermen, we have a whole program: maybe there is more, this is ahead, you literally lost your tongue, yes, we are now thinking about how to provide benefits to our members of society, large families, and women,

women , well, along with all the other veterans, let’s say, participants in military events and so on, but hunting is an expensive, to be honest, pleasure, not cheap, not cheap, it’s not cheap, but in my opinion, it’s the most... the most worthy activity, the most worthy hobby one can have imagine and not only for men, well, for women as well, and for women as well, but if it is difficult for someone, we will help, of course, hunters are very kind people by nature, very kind, positive and sincerely loving their the nature of their state, their people, everything they have, they value very much, from a small booger to a large bison, and now there will be beautiful ones, now there will be beautiful ones, harmonious in everything and uh, and families will be stronger. thank you for your time, thank you for this interview, please, thank you

to you. this is an understandable policy. hello, last week the israeli military gained access to the tunnels of the radical hamas group in the gaza strip. to understand, this is an extensive network that extends over a vast territory, even according to the idf, the army of the jewish state, clearing such fortifications can take months and even years. if there is no advantage on the ground, go underground; different countries have often followed this tactic in the history of military conflicts quite successfully. how are they conducted tunnel wars and large-scale fortifications are being built, we only have the facts,

you can draw conclusions. this is what it doesn't look like... visible infrastructure with concrete walls, electricity and trolleys

, up to tens of meters deep, in length, like a large winding highway, underground corridors and a strategic asset, it's hard to even believe how this horizontal empire can be built so quickly , and even more so to use for life and war. in just a month , israeli forces destroyed 130 entrances to hamas underground tunnels in gaza, which seems like a lot, but more... at the beginning of the ground operation , american intelligence warned that there was an entire city underground, the length of the entire network was 500 km, 40 more than the moscow metro. gas labyrinths began to be dug long ago, back in the 1980s on the border with egypt. the first tunnels began in the basements of the city of rafah, partly located in the palestinian sector and partly in egyptian territory. in the same city, but in its egyptian part, the tunnels ended, used. their smugglers to deliver a wide variety of goods. in the second

in the mid-2000s, when the idf left the gaza strip but continued to control the border with egypt, the value of smuggled goods increased even more. not only food and imported goods, but also medicines and even fuel were delivered through underground passages in gas. a pipeline was laid through the turret. even disassembled cars and yachts were delivered underground. later, a second network of tunnels appeared, the so -called metro-gases. in fact, secret paths that hamas militants use to transport weapons, manpower and small equipment for forays into israeli territory, where the group’s hospital headquarters are located underground. first of all, analysts believe, hamas uses the tunnels as protection from israeli planes, but the american publication washington post conducted an investigation and even prepared a classification of the underground network. it is noteworthy that no one wanted to sign the material. author, board. there are three types

of tunnels under the gas sector, economic ones, through which all the main traffic of weapons, smuggling, food and medicine goes. separately there are paths for the top hamas leadership and tunnels that lead straight to israel. it is believed that hostages are being held there; it is reliably known that it was through him that a soldier of the israeli defense forces, gilad shalit, was kidnapped back in 2006. and although the story of sergeant shalit ended happily back in 2011. the soldier was released there then, this case cannot be added to the treasury of israeli victories, because in exchange for the soldier, tel aviv released more than a thousand palestinian prisoners. of course they take into account experience, of course they understand that previously, the operations that took place, the last operation of cast lead, destroyed about 15 to 20% of the underground communications there, but new ones are being created, and the old ones that were previously destroyed are being restored, of course, all this is in a dug hole. it will be

impossible to detect at the same time, but they set themselves the task of complete, complete liquidation, which means these structures. for almost 20 years now, israel has been drowning, bombing, and throwing explosives at these tunnels, but the network continues to grow like a hydro. 2 years ago they even finished building an underground wall on the border with the gas sector, a barrier tens of meters deep, equipped with sensors that monitor any underground activity, while the army was equipped with underground strikes. according to an israeli official speaking on the sidelines of the american israel public affairs committee conference in washington, the new methods are the result of several years of work and investment, including funding from the us government. despite the fact that the speaker refused to tell more about the technology, he hinted that something similar is used when searching for minerals. despite the new products and engineering strengthening,

the situation has not changed dramatically. hamas has acquired several hundred tunnels in recent years. the cost of such engineering structures varies from 60 to 250 million dollars. the depth is at least 20 m. the dimensions do not exceed 2 m in height and one in width. and this is how an israeli resident described her impressions of the web of tunnels. she was released from captivity at the end of october. we were led to the entrance to tunnels, we entered the tunnel and walked several kilometers through wet mud, there was a gigantic system of tunnels, similar to a web, at the same time i understood that they were well prepared, they had everything there to hold out for a very long time, and my husband is still in the hands of hamas, now for hamas this tunnel, in fact, already plays a very important role, we see how hamas forces and how actively they use this tunnel, they come out of the tunnel, attacked

several many uh tanks uh israel destroyed them , now the course of the war, we notice that the israeli ground forces cannot cope with operations because they do not have enough experience in underground operations. however, hamas is not the first to use such invisible front tactics. hezbollah previously did this during one of the previous intifat. this is how the arabs call their war against israel, which, by the way, began to rebuild its army for underground battles. to create units suitable for this role, starting with combat engineers known as yahalom. combat engineers quickly realized that despite their technical skills and special equipment, even more highly specialized armed and trained troops were needed, which is how the samur weasels came into being, the first israeli teams since the tunnel war.

the specialists come from the engineering corps and have been trained in covert attack techniques by the sairit matkal force team. however, experts do not flatter themselves with hope that coping with the group in its underground world is an almost impossible task, because hamas has honed its guerrilla warfare skills to perfection. it is difficult to imagine more difficult conditions for battle than dungeons, lack of artillery support, narrow passages, darkness and heavy air. poor ventilation also exposes small arms to chemical agents. powder gases do not disappear and affect personnel. each shot sounds like thunder, an explosion... even at a safe distance it threatens with severe concussion; communication problems in closed galleries also add a special flavor to combat clashes. here the example of vietnam suggests itself; it was there that the americans experienced all the delights of modern tunnel warfare. it is believed that it is in

washington lost its battle in the cu chi tunnels. local residents literally burrowed underground, building huge underground cities there. using the latest technology , a superpower that did not even disdain genocide in vietnamese villages was ultimately forced to leave with nothing. a network of tunnels stretching 150 km allowed the viet cong forces to deliver painful blows to the very rear of the american army, and although in 1966 the americans, as part of operation crimp, discovered the entrances to the underground network, they were never able to eliminate the heaps. v to conduct combat operations in these tunnels, while the effectiveness was quite low, the mortality rate, unfortunately, for the military personnel of the united states and america was high, that is

, somewhere going underground, up to 50% of the personnel did not return, despite the fact that they also took take explosives with you, make barriers, blockages. the americans poured into the tunnels, the notorious agent orange, even created a combat unit called tunnel rats, but the brave and two-meter jocks didisema simply got stuck in these same tunnels, because the width such a path rarely exceeded 100 cm, as did the height. the vetkong dug tunnels in several levels, placing them on top of each other and connecting them together with narrow ones. the tunnels went 20-25 m deep, turning into underground cities. hospitals, training camps, warehouses, barracks, kitchens, and printing houses were located on different floors. the partisans kept a lot of captured weapons in their weapons warehouses. according to legend, they once managed to hide an american battle tank in their dungeon. in primitive

forges, homemade the partisans had enough anti-personnel mines, drinking water and food to lead a relatively safe existence for months. ventilation shafts were also located underground, providing the communists with fresh air. volunteers became tunnel rats. basic quality, short stature, quick reaction, courage and psychological stability. the main function is to penetrate labyrinths and clear them of partisans. tunnels with traps in the tropical jungle concealed a lot of deadly surprises, but guess where the underground passage will lead to the weapons warehouse or to an ambush. the tunnels were very narrow and one had to crawl or squat through them, and in complete darkness and stuffiness. in addition to the partisans themselves, the rats crawling through the dark holes were met with numerous surprises. stretch marks, poisonous sorpions and snakes and pits, spike traps, introductory labyrinths. the use of american underground special forces cannot be called successful:

high mortality among rats, nervous breakdowns, unmotivated aggression, and most importantly, these units were never able to destroy or at least undermine the activities of the vietnamese underground bunkers. the shelter of ryla, as they say throughout the world, is the majority of the tunnels by the hands of ordinary peasants using picks and baskets. the technology was simple, one digs, the other pulls away. the ground to a vertical shaft, the third lifts it up, and another takes it away and hides it under the leaves or in the river. the height of the underground passage is 15 m, and the width is 1-1.2 m. it is half three times smaller than those in gas. there were three or four levels separated by secret hatches. a stranger will not even guess that this is not a dead end, the entrance to the next tunnel leading to infirmaries, kitchens, weapons workshops and bedrooms. there were also cinemas and study rooms, because sometimes entire villages descended underground. that shameful war for washington is unforgotten today: even 5 years ago, the media actively wrote that the united states was preparing for underground battles and

planned to allocate more than half a billion dollars to the pentagon to train the military in new tactics. 3/4 of the us army ground forces, 26 brigades out of thirty-one available, will be trained in underground combat. on plans to spend $572 million on the new program. the command declares that the next war will be fought: in megacities, soldiers must be able to navigate the city's underground communications, they need new equipment and skills to fight in complete darkness and stale air, to protect themselves from enemy fire waiting around every turn of tunnels as wide as streets , writes militaricom. vietnam, north korea, afghanistan - these are the places where the american military has already encountered tunnel wars, they may lose, but again, of course, they don’t want to, so the next steps are quite logical from the main destroyer of the world. in 2018, darpa launched the subterranning challenge, aimed at

training first responders by exploring man-made tunnel systems, urban subways, and natural cave networks. that same year , the underground warfare training center was built at fort breck, north carolina. it is built on site 68 and has over a kilometer of tunnels with tight spaces. and unexpected elements. in in november 2019, the us army issued another doctrinal document on the topic of underground warfare. it indicated that there are more than 10,000 tactical tunnels in the world and underground structures will be increasingly used in modern armed conflicts. we also cannot do without the theme of afghanistan separately, because there are also natural barriers there - mountains, which is worth only the panjer gorge and its... mountain range 120 km away. for almost 5 years, the ussr army tried to take the impregnable natural

fortress. pyatel gorge - this is how it is translated the name was of great strategic importance, because it is the only route for road transport from the capital kabul to the north of the country. and although the ussr forces were able to briefly take control of the territory, as a result the army was forced to retreat. 30,000 soviet soldiers took part in the operation. how many died has not yet been established. in general, official losses in afghanistan are 15,000 people. the command, as a rule, does not, uh, plan to send serious units underground, because they will run into a huge number booby traps, branch tunnels, well, that is, special false branches are made, the group goes there, some kind of devices work there at the end, so to speak, the entrance collapses, just a group of people remains walled up inside, just as in narrow corridors some kind of or the effectiveness of such a modern army

, which has the possibility of air support, long-range impact on the enemy, the use of heavy equipment, some other systems, underground, this is actually either hand-to-hand combat or a very short fire contact at distances of up to 10 m, if the tunnels allow such a length at all, they usually loop, so you end up there at any stage. exposed to the enemy, there, simply speaking, if you shoot in a small tunnel with a machine gun or a grenade launcher, you will practically destroy everyone if you only move with some kind of shields. for sudden attacks from underground, the dushmans used a network of kariz water tunnels, created many years ago to irrigate fields, similar communications extended for hundreds of kilometers and could have several levels. groups of spirits, sometimes 30 people each, suddenly attacked soviet units and also suddenly disappeared. an extensive network of tunnels helped them quickly and, most importantly, quietly move over long distances and get close to objects of sabotage,

especially to highways along which the soviet military passed. kirizy was much more spacious than the vietnamese catacombs, but they were also fraught with mortal danger. now imagine that in the territory there are about 7,000 such wells in afghanistan, sometimes located every 20-30 m. ideal for not only hiding, but attacking. in the bogram valley, general lebed recalled, only two grenade launchers could have caused enormous damage to our columns. yes, in a couple of salvos, the dushmans were hiding underground in kirizy and... it was useful to compete with them in the underground-well war. and finally, let us remember the feat of our ancestors. from may to october '42, up to 13,000 people lived on the territory of the adzhimushkai quarries near kerch. impregnable the quarries and the indomitable people in them became the main irritant for the nazis in this territory. the defense of the dungeon lasted from

may to october 1942, after 160. 9 days , only 14 people were captured alive in the quarries at the end of october. search engines compare the defense of the adzhimushkai quarries with the defense of the brest fortress. but little is known about the suffering of the participants in the defense; there were few survivors. the archives have not been found, and the personal belongings of the victims are either under rubble or stolen by blacks diggers. at one point, only 60 armed partisans kept an entire regiment of nazis at bay, confident that they were hiding in the dungeons... at least 2,000 soldiers, to fill up the tunnels, the germans used aerial bombs weighing 250 kg and poisoned people with gas. a long, exhausting war, such forecasts from experts on the conflict in the gas sector are of course sad, in underground battles, in principle, there are no winners, because civilians are often hiding in the same tunnels, and

a bomb, a phosphorus rocket or gas, they don’t ask whether you are a radical or not. .. teacher in kindergarten, i hope now you too will understand this and be happy. van lexus alekseev. vladimir, we are glad to welcome you to belarus, and the first question is so standard, routine, i know you have been here for several days, how do you like visiting belarus, we liked it the first time we visited, back in the beginning of summer, so we came again, each of our such visits to belarus is memorable for us, because, firstly, the people who surround us, and secondly, we walk around minsk, in other cities, today

we have brest, and before that we visited in brest, no, no. this is already impressive for the first time, in fact, as far as i understand, you wanted to stay in the brest fortress, exactly, yes, that is, this was one of the points of your program , why, there is a huge history of how it stood until the end, here in fact, you feel there at every step , in fact, how many people shed their blood for this place, let’s talk about your professional activities, in your opinion, how did it happen, yes, that two russian guys essentially became one of the main political insiders, at the moment, in the media space, russian-speaking, and not only, national threats have become, yes, i know that there is something, how much they wrote about you in the same ukraine, yes, that they almost announced nothing, ukraine is sort of understandable it’s probably much more interesting now to look at the reaction of western countries; in the uk, in march 22, our youtube channel, where

we posted all our videos, was deleted, but it wasn’t just deleted. so yes, but at the official request of the uk ministry of defense, we sent you more than 4,000 pieces, and we are still on the way, we are already running out of our own arsenal, but every day i either talk to minister reznikov or write him a message, yes, he wrote a letter, he wrote an open letter, that is, he didn’t just write, because apparently