[000:00:00;00] non-competition screenings are planned, in addition, the capital will host days of national cinema of russia, kazakhstan, syria and pakistan, as well as master classes on the production and promotion of documentary films from teachers in ghika, the film forum will cover the entire country, about eighty points on the map of belarus will join the film forum they will organize a real marathon. tickets for festival screenings are already on sale. the belarusian football market continues to attract the leading clubs of today's popular media league. the day before , a team called 10 visited brest and which was created by the most popular stand-up comedians and humorists. one of the founders of the club, azamat musagaliev, became the headliner of the meeting. players from the moscow football club 10 played against the professional bresse dynamo, the class of the belarusians affected. victory in a dramatic match 3:1. the legendary roman vasilyuk, who retired several years ago, played for brest. media football as a big project took as its basis a team

that... in russia has a huge audience, which sometimes exceeds professional football leagues in numbers, by the way, in the spring of next year, the belarusian club “media” will perform for the first time in the medialga, which will unite popular belarusian personalities. and this is the information picture of monday, november 13. our broadcast will continue the project with a conversation with the president, after which clear politics. and immediately after it, do not miss the current interview with vavan and lexus, it will be interesting. peculiarities of national hunting with the by sign. attention to the topic at the highest level. there are state

interests, there are personal interests, there are interests of society, but we need to do it wisely, in the way that is best for the state and for the people who are in our organization today, from the production of cartridges to the adjustment of legislation on the circulation of weapons, we prepare killer content, in this case the production of cartridges for smooth-guns is our initiative, but it is extrapolated , in general for the whole country, jeep. 5 and g7 - a new level of hunting skill. this is necessary to get everyone trophies from among the hunting species of belarus for men and five for women. they must all be at least gold medal rated category, for 5 years. and a club for the fair half of belarusian society, hunters and fishermen. women's hunting is specific in a sense, to a greater

extent it seems to me that. and also the subtleties of the organization’s charter, a proposal for regulating the number of red book members and other cases of hunters and fishermen. in the morning, the head of boor, igor shunevich, reported to the head of state the most pressing issues on the work of the department, and in the evening he will tell everything that remained behind the scenes of the work of the meeting in the draft conversation with the president. look straight ahead now. igor anatolyevich, hello, hello, you’ve been in the top news again lately, today you were in the palace, i know, and you initiated this meeting, what was the trigger? yes, in fact, there was no trigger, there was a certain frequency of my report, which was established by the head of state himself, a little over a year ago, in general, but the reasons for the foundation have certainly

accumulated, since there are enough pressing problems in society and not only in society , to a greater extent in the country's hunting industry, according to our assessment, according to the council's assessment ministers, therefore, in addition to the report on the current state of affairs and the implementation of instructions previously given, a whole set of questions and proposals for the future emerged, and some prognostic things, of course, had to be made known, that is, to report on the situation, but to receive certain mandate norms for the belarusian society of hunters and fishers dates its history back to 1921. in those years in belarus there were a little more than 500 hunters as of january 1 of this year in the ranks the association has almost 70,000 members, of which about 35,000 are hunters. boor, the largest tenant of hunting lands in the country. it is in charge of about 11 million hectares

or 64% of the area. use of game reproduction. such high-profile news that was heard in the palace is about the production of supplies for smooth-bore weapons, such a serious question and is the society of fishermen and hunters ready for such a business, you know, again i will say that this is more likely a matter of the state, not of society, because cartridges for smoothbore. already hunting are in demand not only in society, because not all hunters, firstly , are in our society, most are outside society, but secondly, there are a lot of athletes who use them for training, and so

on and so forth, that is, there is a demand for this type of ammunition in the state, dependence on foreign markets, of course, you understand, is also exceptional, but the question is, what kind of unique production according to our proposal, in our assessment, should it have? we have our own in the country in order to eliminate all the risks associated with blocking supply channels and so on and so on, and naturally, what we want is to solve this problem by producing cartridges so that it is a worthy product - well, at a price, among other things, for our internal consumption, which is why this issue was raised to the level of the head of state, because, i emphasize once again, this is, in my opinion, a state matter and a state approach to resolving this issue. well, therefore, here are the questions changes in legislation on weapons trafficking, illegal trafficking, therefore you also need to be involved, or are you already in this? well, probably, in part

, buor does not have legislative initiative and can only act as an involved expert in some narrow issues, but i honestly admit that i simply do not have the time or desire to wait until they are involved in some issue , if i see a problem, some kind, or... a solution to some issue, then i try on my own, we try in society to independently initiate solutions, in this in this case, the production of cartridges for smooth-bore weapons is our initiative, but it is extrapolated to the whole country, as i already said, so we act here as if initiating this issue, but as for changing other, other aspects of weapons legislation, we also made a number of proposals to the ministry of forestry regarding... weapons used in hunting and ammunition, life is pushing us towards this, since, well, let's just say, some of the current norms and rules enshrined in

including in the laws on hunting, they are obviously behind the times , they are destructive, in some cases even harmful, so we initiate changes to them, well, we often work on the police arsenal company, and as an example, well, a respectable owner... weapons we bring hunters, who shows a certain closet there, but where should it be stored, do the police attract you, for this company, do you somehow help each other? well, you know, this is the exclusive competence of the internal affairs body, naturally, in this case we act as an object of research , so to speak, or an object of regulation of law -abiding behavior, well, the only thing that by our example... we still show how laws should be observed, including those on weapons, since you are right, absolutely, a hunter is one of the most law -abiding citizens of our country, because he understands and is aware that violation

of this legislation will entail, this is certainly deprivation of the opportunity to hunt, have weapons, and so on, that is, with all the costs violations, so of course he is disciplined, of course he knows who is responsible for... violations, and he certainly prevents people around him from law-abiding behavior, that’s true. the belarusian society, fishermen and hunters, it would seem, well, a public association, yes, but at the same time you quite often visit the palace with reports, what tasks has the state assigned to your department? you know, our charter contains six nationally significant tasks that are assigned to society, that is we exist, we function not only for the sake of satisfying our passion or providing services to satisfy it, that is, for our hunters , there are certainly no such services, these six nationally significant tasks actually say that

society accepts the most active part, the most active participation in the life of the state, at least in this area, well, for example, the development of hunting dog breeding, this is a whole large industry that is entrusted to our... society, this is carrying out, well, this is selection, this is the issuance of documents, certification, these are field tests, exhibitions with hunting dogs, that is, we are responsible for... ensuring that in our country we have hunting dogs that are working, beautiful, good, in demand and are used in hunting, as well as others nationally significant tasks, this is international hunting tourism , this is assistance to the ministry of forestry in state policy, hunting, fishing, and so on, i will not list everything, therefore , of course, the importance of society in this part, well, it’s impossible to overestimate, a women’s hunting organization may appear in belarus: under the ethos of the belarusian society of hunters and

fishers. a new chapter in hunting life for women is due to the large number of representatives of the fair half who are passionate about hunting. this will be the pri boor club. as planned, it will unite not only women who have already established themselves as experienced hunters, but also girls and even girls who are just traveling and embarking on this path. similar clubs already exist in many european hunting associations. the belarusian society of hunters and fishers is ready to act as an organizer and partially sponsor this association, and provide premises to help in the implementation of the club program. one of your proposals is the creation of a women’s club in society, and to be honest, i’m glad that this exists, but for some reason now the time has come, not in society, but in society, we are ready to act as organizers, sponsors if necessary so on, the women's club, yes, we decided that

it would be nice if in our country, like in any other hunting country, there was a specific hunting club, why is it specific, because it is female, a seemingly unusual activity, but we came to this because, firstly, a lot of women began to engage in sports shooting, hunting, clay pigeon shooting, and they expressed a desire to be grouped, sorry by gender, because women's hunting... still, despite the fact that it is always men who organize it, but women's hunting is specific in a certain sense, to a greater extent it seems to me that this will be a club for interests, and there will not only be hunting, i think that this is hunting cuisine, this is hunting fashion, even for weapons, this is spending time together, relaxing, and most importantly, this will certainly give us men a lot of useful and good things, starting from

the fact that women will be more ... still treat our hobby, our occupation, with understanding, and somewhere to share it, this is a hobby, well, you mentioned women's weapons, and what types, well, this is a fairly arbitrary division for women's weapons, yes, it will still be a hunting firearm, but which may differ in some parameters, from caliber to weight, relatively speaking, and maybe in execution, something more elegant and something that women value, that is, aesthetics. this process, although in fact, this is also a weapon, it also shoots, it is also dangerous, but yes, but there is something to talk about, you also voiced this proposal to the president, i didn’t directly voice it, i literally said it in passing, in the list of all our short stories , and i didn’t pay much attention to what we were going to do, because i was more topical and important questions, but tell me, in connection with this, with these proposals, let’s say, light, and before that, what was received about the construction of cartridges for small-bore weapons , some

additions and clarifications in this part will be made to the association’s charter a very significant time of my report was devoted to comments on the new edition of the society’s charter, since this subject was considered at the council of ministers, including in our hunting groups, we consider it important, since quite radical changes in the urtate are being adopted building a society, in structuring management, management... the head of state about these innovations, probably most of them were immediately approved and supported, the president was ready to talk, i must admit that it was not surprising for me, but it was pleasant as always, that is where there were doubts, they were dispelled, although there were no big doubts, there was invariance of proposals, they found the best option, found the most painless one today for what

is important today, yes, as i say, the ship even turning this around a couple of degrees will already have a good result, it is not necessary to make any big conjugations, so the charter is ready, the draft charter has been submitted to the government, i really hope that the government will endorse it for us by the end of this year, so that the reform process itself will be they have already started in full force in 2024, that is, there is literally a month left for this build-up, such and such deadlines have been set. do you think you will get government approval for this? i really hope so, since most of the questions were previously agreed upon and discussed in ministries and departments. who are involved in this process, well, at the moment the staff of the company is quite small , it seems to me, but the executive apparatus is a little more, a little less, or rather 40 people, here it varies, one plus or minus one, but small, of course, in in the whole of the republic , this is almost 700 people, of which, well, 1/3 are managers, one of our reforms and

the directions of this reform is reducing the number of managers and pumping out these positions, creating new ones positions, senior hunting species, that is, those people who directly ensure the hunting process and satisfy, so to speak , the needs in quantity in this exact manner , for this we actually started this reform, belarusian hunters now have their own g7 and g5, which will be awarded for trophy hunting. the idea of ​​a special badge for trophy hunters was spotted in africa, where in order to get the g5 level, you need to kill an elephant, buffalo, rhinoceros, lion and leopard. in belarus there will be... a completely different list, but also from rare animals, the sign of the vlyakaya belarusian five has been established for women, and the vlyakaya belarusian seven for men, they will be received by hunters who, within a certain time, obtain the designated trophies. igorevich, it seems to me recently that with your arrival in society , you began to instill, well, belarusians with a fashion

for hunting, this is one of the innovations that you showed the president today, and even presented, this is the great belarusian... what kind of trophy signs are these and how can they increase the fashion for really hunting belarusians? i would say that we are looking for new ways, or rather , maybe we are not even looking, we are compiling all our knowledge and skills in this area in order to generally increase the general level of culture in hunting, so that it is harmonious, so that it is perceived society, and also harmoniously without any denial on... admit that - not everyone finds this yes, not that support, but many criticize in a certain way and so on, that's why we are looking for some innovations, yes, inventing, maybe somewhere and a bicycle, but in this case, if we talk about this, then this is a new nomination for trophy hunters of the republic of belarus and

foreigners. the essence is that we have established such a nomination, it contains several elements, starting... from the sign corresponding to men and women, here is the great belarusian seven, the great belarusian five, this is what these signs look like, this is the book of honor , where the laureates or nominees of this uh nomination will be entered, with all the honor attributes that follow from this, uh and essentially belarusian a hunter, a foreign hunter, has the right to receive such a sign if he fulfills a number of requirements that... we, uh , described bur in his resolution. it is necessary to obtain seven trophies from among the hunting species of belarus for men and five for women, they must all be no less than a gold medal, evaluation category, within 5 years, then he is given such a beautiful

badge, a certificate, for free, his photographs are entered here this book of honor that we have here, and he becomes a famous eminent hunter. in the republic of belarus, which, in my opinion, is quite important for those who do this, in any case , honor, glory, honor, glory, and this is prestige, of course, something that any hunting power, country can afford, and i know that there are different nominations in different countries, starting from the big african five, yes, in the russian federation there are many nominations, hunter of the year and so on and so forth, but i have not seen anything similar, this is our culture, so to speak, in our country, as well as the culture of handling weapons, culture of handling prey, hunting dogs, interpersonal hunting culture, hunting

cuisine, cultural, well, everything and so on, we will be modest, and we know that you are an experienced hunter, yes, that was your idea. about the creation of such a sign, but when creating it there, the image, yes, what were they guided by, what was included, and did your colleagues agree with this, this, this, this is a collective work, the idea of ​​one, the idea is one, side of the medals , but it was necessary to bring it to life, it was necessary to compile knowledge, skills and generally an idea about it, so the entire bur team worked on this, here executive apparatus, the best jewelers of our country worked, who complemented our idea somewhere, in general, i think that the whole creative harmonious process here went well, because everything, at least in this... i liked it, as i see it, although you are not a hunter, but i know that many people who have learned about this are already planning their

hunting and future activities today, based on the desire to receive such a sign, this is very, very attractively tempting, but as i understand it, becoming owner of such a sign it is possible only for newly minted hunters or those who will begin in the near future - activity, no, any hunter with experience can do this, anyone who wants, counting down... let's say from this year and he confirms to us from this year the klughs of past years are not taken into account, yes, we decided that this is a blank slate, we will begin the history of this sign. igor anich, today at the palace you also discussed the process of regulating the number of animals listed in the red book, and here, by the way, i will voice what you told journalists, that is to confiscate a certain amount beast in order to balance the balance between man and animal. this formulation is incomprehensible,

please explain what this implies? in our opinion, in our assessment, a number of hunting, potentially hunting species , today, which are included in the red book, have reached the level of their population that allows, if not opening a hunt, then regulating their numbers, there are objective reasons for this, i will name what everyone hears today, this is a bear and a lynx, two of them species, well... and of course, this is a bison, in our assessment, if we talk about the latter, then today the bison needs to be transferred to the status of a game animal and this herd, which has grown to its limits, must be exploited, and this is recognized by everyone, from the owners of these herds up to scientists, to exploit this herd, pragmatically , excuse the word, in the interests of the hunting economy of the owner of these populations, the micropopulation, since nothing threatens it today, and it is no longer possible to confiscate it. but in dozens, as i

believe, based on its quantity, dynamics replenishment of the herd, development, today requires emergency measures to resettle this bison in various regions of the country so that there are micropopulations there and so on, requires exploitation, breeding, excuse the pragmatism, yes, but individuals who do not take part in reproduction, replacement new, new blood, yes, so that there is no inbreeding. and so on, and for this it is necessary that this species be a hunting species, because this is impossible to do with the red book, as for the bear, and we also propose to find a middle ground, if our the scientific community is categorically opposed to opening a hunt for it, even if it is rationed, rationed, that is, strictly in designated areas for a certain number, and still doubts and cannot count the number of this bear, which we... have already done a long time ago and or cannot deduce the optimal number, which should be the maximum number, or rather in the country, then

we say, okay, let's take a different path, we will start regulating the number where the bear is annoying to a person, where there is an excess amount of it, and we will confiscate, confiscate - this means hunting for it, that is, we don’t want to receive a quantity, a certain number of permits, extract it and thereby reduce the degree of tension in society, where he comes into contact with people, problematic animals, which, well, in the vitebsk region, excuse me, there is definitely an excess number , where there is none, of course, no one calls, not to open a hunt and not to shoot it, there is no such goal, but we are firmly convinced that the dynamics reproduction, or rather replenishment of the bear population by lynx, which is observed in the country today, it does not just allow us to open this hunting in fragments, it is forced to do this, this was the proposal. and we are not talking about bloodthirstiness or some kind of extra earnings, because we understand and

are aware that no one will make money from this, russia, uh , god forbid, there are 8,000 licenses for shooting bears annually and every year there are fewer and fewer, no more than 2.3 only in demand, does not shoot, no one needs it, so in our in principle, there are not so many people who want to hunt under guidance, and the increase in the population, it affected i don’t know, living conditions, i don’t know , nature there, from the fact that, again, these are red book hunting restrictions, an absolutely direct dependence, or rather, causal the investigative connection to this phenomenon is as follows: we, we, excuse me, the state, have been investing a lot of money for the last few decades in saturating the natural environment with animals, birds, and this has had some success, some great success, the herd of ungulates is growing, even though , what we are doing... the wild boar population, the herd of ungulates is growing, the bear's food supply is increasing, the food capacity

of the entire country, its entire sphere of activity, life activity is increasing. and accordingly, today it is rare when you meet a mother bear with one bear cub, two or three bear cubs for a bear, what does this mean? that they have no favorable conditions, no competition in food competition, no natural enemies, the growth is obvious, taking into account the specifics of this beast, we we are saying that today it is necessary to at least begin to regulate the numbers where there are a lot of them, so that the bear develops a natural instinct or fear of humans, which is not observed today. i don’t really want to predict any unpleasant consequences, but they are quite real , they know from hearsay, since i myself hunted bear several times in russia, met with great specialists, saw bear victims and know the statistics, so my attitude is this. to date, how are you in general, you describe the situation, or you can characterize it based on the state of society

and the participants in your, let’s say, movement. to answer your question, i can say that the hunting industry in the country, as a whole , is in a rather depressed state, there are a lot of questions related to why this happened, on the one hand, it seems that the state is doing a lot. so that it is acceptable, good, beautiful, and as i said about the beast, every year we buy and resettle a red deer, now the lady is a doe, also we produce, we want there to be more, we are engaged in reproduction, on the other hand, there is an embargo on weapons, on ammunition, everything that our neighbors and so on, our

sworn friends in relation to us, this policy... plus a number of conventional norms in environmental sphere, clearly discriminatory against our country. therefore, we are fighting to ensure that as many young people as possible come to us, for this, again , we made changes to the charter and proposed with us, everyone agreed that from the age of 8, parents can bring, with their consent, it can become child, a member of the society of hunters and fishermen, we have a whole program to attract, present benefits - a family dynasty, maybe there is more, this is ahead, you literally lost your tongue, yes, we are now thinking about how to provide benefits to our members of the society, large families families, yeah, and women, women, well, along with all other veterans, let’s say , uh, participants in military events and so on , well, hunting is an expensive, to be honest, pleasure, not cheap, not cheap, it’s not cheap, but in

my opinion , it is the most, the most worthy an activity that is the most worthy hobby, which can be done not only for men, but also for women, and for women as well, but if it is difficult for someone, we will help, of course, hunters, very kind people by nature, uh, very kind, positive, and sincerely loving their nature, their state, their people, everything they have, they value very much, from a small booger to a big bison, and now they will also be beautiful, and now they will also be beautiful, harmonious in everything and families will be stronger, thank you for your time, thank you for this interview, please, thank you, this is an understandable policy, hello, last week the israeli military gained access to the tunnels of the radical group hamas in

the gaza strip, to understand, this is an extensive network that extends over a vast... even according to idf estimates, army of the jewish state, clearing such fortifications could take months or even years. if there is no advantage on the ground, go underground. various countries have followed this tactic in the history of military conflicts, often quite successfully. how are tunnels constructed? war, large-scale fortifications are built with

so much. this is what invisible infrastructure looks like with concrete walls, electricity and carts. up to tens of meters deep, as long as a large winding highway, underground corridors and a strategic asset, it’s hard to even believe how this horizontal empire can be built so quickly, much less

used for life and war. in just a month, israeli forces destroyed 130 entrances to hamas underground tunnels in gaza, which seems to be a lot, but even before the start of the ground american intelligence warned of the operation... there is an entire city underground, the length of the entire network is 500 km, 40 more than the moscow metro. gas labyrinths began to be dug long ago, back in the 1980s on the border with egypt. the first tunnels began in the basements of the city of rafah, partly located in the palestinian sector and partly in egyptian territory. in the same city, but in its egyptian part, the tunnels ended and smugglers used them to deliver a variety of goods. in the second half of 2000 , when idf units left gas sector, but continued to control the border with egypt, the value of smuggled goods increased even more. not only food and

imported goods, but also medicines and even fuel were delivered through underground passages in gas; a pipeline was laid through a tunnel; even disassembled cars and yachts were delivered underground. later, a second network of tunnels appeared, the so-called metro-gases. essentially, secret trails used by hamas militants. for the transfer of weapons, manpower and small equipment for forays into the territory israel, where the group’s hospital headquarters are located underground. first of all, analysts believe, hamas uses the tunnels as protection from israeli planes, but the american publication washington post conducted an investigation and even prepared a classification of the underground network. it is noteworthy that no one wanted to sign the material, the author of the editorial board. there are three types of tunnels in the gas sector, economic, through which all the main traffic of weapons, smuggling, food and medicine goes. there are separate paths for senior management hamas and the tunnels that lead straight to israel, it is believed that

hostages are kept in them, it is reliably known that through it they kidnapped an israeli defense force soldier, gilad shalit, back in 2006. and although the story of sergeant shalit ended happily back in 2011, then the soldiers were released, a treasure trove of israeli victories, this case cannot be recorded, because in exchange for a soldier, tel aviv released more than a thousand palestinian prisoners. of course, they take into account experience, of course, they understand that earlier those operations that were, the last operation summer lead, destroyed about 15 to 20% of the underground communications there, but new ones are being created, old ones that were previously destroyed are being restored, of course, it will be impossible to detect all these holes and holes at the same time, but they themselves... such a task, that’s complete, complete elimination, therefore, of these structures, for almost 20 years now israel has been drowning, bombing, and throwing explosives at these tunnels, but the network continues to grow, like a hydro. 2 years

ago they even finished building an underground wall on the border with the gas sector, a barrier in tens of meters deep, equipped with sensors that monitor any underground activity, while the army was equipped with special weapons capable of delivering underground strikes. according to an israeli official speaking on the sidelines of an american israel public affairs committee conference in washington, the new methods are the result of several years of work and investment, including funding from the us government, although the speaker declined to elaborate on the technology. he hinted that something similar is used when searching for minerals. despite the new military-industrial complex and engineering strengthening, the situation will not change radically. hamas has acquired several hundred tunnels in recent years. the cost of such engineering structures varies from 60 to 250 million dollars. the depth is at least 20 m.

the dimensions do not exceed 2 m in height and one in width. and this is how an israeli resident described her impressions of the web of tunnels; she was released from captivity at the end of october. we were led to the entrance to the tunnels. we entered the tunnel and several walked. kilometers through wet mud, there is a gigantic system of tunnels, similar to a cobweb, at the same time i understood that they are well prepared, they have everything there to hold out for a very long time, and my husband is still in the hands of hamas, now for hamas this tunnel actually already plays a very important role, we see how hamas forces and how actively they use this tunnel, they come out of the tunnel, attacked several, many israeli tanks destroyed them, now the progress of the war, we notice, that the ground forces from... israel cannot

cope with the display operations, because they do not have enough experience in underground operations. however, hamas is not the first to use such invisible front tactics. previously, hezbollah did this during one of the previous intifat, as the arabs call their war against israel, which, by the way, began to rebuild its army for underground battles. israel began to create a unit suitable for this role, starting with combat engineers known as yahalom. combat engineers quickly realized that despite their technical skills and specialized equipment, even more highly specialized armed and trained troops were needed. this is how the weasels, samur, appeared, the first israeli team from the tunnel war. the specialists come from the engineering forces and have been trained in secret attack methods by the commando of the sairit matkal forces. however, experts do not flatter themselves with hope that they will be able to cope with the group. in the underground world the task

is almost impossible, because hamas has honed the skills of guerrilla warfare to perfection. it is difficult to imagine more difficult conditions for battle than dungeons, the lack of artillery support, narrow passages, darkness and heavy air, poor ventilation makes small arms also a chemical agent, powder gases do not erode and affect personnel, every shot sounds like thunder, a grenade explosion even on at a safe distance threatens with severe concussion. communication problems in enclosed galleries also add a special flavor to combat encounters. this brings up the example of vietnam, where all the delights of modern tunnel warfare are americans experienced. it is believed that it was in the cu chi tunnels that washington lost his battle. local residents literally burrowed underground, building huge underground cities there. and equipped with the latest technology, a superpower that did not disdain.

even genocide in vietnamese villages, in the end she was forced to leave with nothing. a network of tunnels stretching 150 km allowed the viet cong forces to deliver painful blows to the very rear of the american army, and although in 1966 the americans, as part of operation crimp, they discovered entrances to the underground network, but they were unable to eliminate the heaps. they tried to conduct military operations in these tunnels. moreover, the effectiveness was quite low, the mortality rate, unfortunately, for the military personnel of the united states and america was high, that is, going underground somewhere, up to 50% of the personnel did not return, despite the fact that they also took explosives with them and

tried to do , barriers, rubble. the americans poured into the tunnels, the infamous agent orange, and even created a combat unit called tunnel rats. however, brave and didim’s two-meter-high jocks simply got stuck in these same tunnels, because the width of such a path rarely exceeded 100 cm, as well as the height. the viet cong dug tunnels in several levels, placing them on top of each other and connecting them with narrow manholes. the tunnels went 20-25 m deep, turning into underground cities. hospitals, training camps, warehouses, barracks, kitchens, and printing houses were located on different floors. the partisans kept a lot of captured weapons in their weapons warehouses. according to legend, they once managed to hide in their dungeon american battle tank. homemade anti-personnel mines were created in primitive forges. the partisans had enough drinking water and food to lead a relatively safe existence for months. ventilation

shafts were also located in the dungeon, provide. volunteers became rats, the main quality, short stature, quick reaction, courage , psychological stability, the main function was to penetrate labyrinths and clear them of partisans, tunnels with traps in the tropical jungle concealed a lot of deadly surprises, but go and understand where the underground passage will lead, to a weapons warehouse or to an ambush, the tunnels were very narrow and you had to crawl or squat along them , it was dark and stuffy. in addition to the partisans themselves, rats crawling through dark holes were met with numerous surprises, tripwires, poisonous scorpions and snakes, pits, traps with spikes, and introductory labyrinths. application. american underground special forces cannot be called successful: high mortality among rats, nervous breakdowns, unmotivated aggression, and most importantly, these units they were never able to destroy or at least undermine the activities of the underground bunkers of the vietnamese. the shelter was dug, as they say throughout

the world, most of the tunnels were dug by the hands of ordinary peasants using picks and baskets. the technology was simple: one digs, another drags the earth to a vertical shaft, the third lifts it up. and another one is carried away and hidden under leaves or in the river. the height of the underground passage is 15 m, and the width is 1, 1.2 m. it is two times less than those in gas. level, there were three or four of them separated by secret hatches, a stranger would not even guess that this is not a dead end, the entrance to the next tunnel leading to infirmaries, kitchens, weapons workshops and bedrooms. there were also cinemas and study rooms, because sometimes entire villages descended underground. the echoes of that shameful war for washington are unforgotten even today, even... 5 years ago, the media actively wrote that the united states was preparing for underground battles and planned to allocate more than half a billion dollars to the pentagon to train the military in new tactics. 3/4 us army ground forces, 26 brigades out of thirty-one available, will be trained in underground warfare.

they plan to spend $572 million on the new program; the command says that the next war will be fought in megacities ; soldiers must be able to navigate. in the city's underground communications, they need new equipment and skills to fight in complete darkness and stale air, to defend themselves from enemy fire waiting around every turn, tunnels as wide as the streets, writes militarykom. vietnam, north korea, afghanistan - these are the places where tunnel warriors have already been encountered the american military, they can lose, but again, of course, they don’t want to, so the next steps are quite logical from the main destroyer of the world. in 2018, darpa's agency launched the subtraning challenge, aimed at training first responders by studying man-made tunnel systems, urban subways, and natural cave networks. that same year

, the underground warfare training center was built at fort breck, north carolina. it is built on site 68 and has more than a kilometer of tunnels with tight spaces and unexpected elements. in november 2019, the us army issued another doctrinal document on the topic of underground warfare. it indicated that there are more than 10,000 tactical tunnels in the world and underground structures will be increasingly used in modern armed conflicts. we also cannot do without the theme of afghanistan separately, because there are also natural barriers there - mountains, which is only worth the panjer gorge and its mountain range 120 km away. for almost 5 years, the fortieth army of the ussr tried to take the impregnable natural fortress. the pyatel gorge, as the name is translated, was of great strategic importance, because it is the only route for road transport from the capital kabul to the north of the country. and although the ussr forces were able

to briefly take control of the territory, as a result the army was forced to retreat. 30,000 soviet soldiers took part in the operation. how many died has not yet been established. in general, official losses in afghanistan are 15,000 people. the command, as a rule, does not, uh, plan to send serious units underground, because they will run into a huge number of booby traps, branch tunnels, well, that is, special false branches are made, the group goes there, some kind of device is triggered, so to speak, the device is there at the end, the entrance collapses and just a group of people remains walled up inside, also.. ... how in narrow corridors any effectiveness of such a modern army, which has the possibility of air support, long-range influence on the enemy, the use of heavy equipment and some other systems, is lost at all, underground, this in fact, either hand-to-hand combat, or

very short fire contact at distances of up to 10 m, if the tunnels allow such a length at all, they usually wind, so at any stage you find yourself exposed to the enemy, it’s just conditional... if you’re in in a small tunnel you will shoot from a machine gun or from a grenade launcher, you will destroy almost everyone if you only move with some kind of shields. for surprise attacks from underground, the dushmans used the network of tunnels of the kyariz water pipelines, created many years ago for irrigating fields, like communications extended for hundreds of kilometers and could have several levels. groups of spirits, sometimes 30 people each, suddenly attacked soviet units and also suddenly disappeared. an extensive network of tunnels helped them quickly and most importantly move unnoticed over long distances and get close to objects of sabotage, especially to the roads along which soviet military equipment passed; in kirizy it was much more spacious than here. nama catacombs, but they also posed a mortal danger. now imagine

that on the territory of afghanistan there are about 7,000 such wells, sometimes located every 20-30 m, ideal for not only hiding, but attacking. in the bagram valley, general lebed recalled, only two grenade launchers could have caused enormous damage to our columns by firing a couple of salvos; the dushmans were hiding underground in kirizy, and it was useless to compete with them in the underground-well war. and finally, let us remember the feat of our ancestors; from may to october 1942 , up to 13,000 people lived on the territory of the adzhimushkai quarries near kerch. impregnable the quarries and the indomitable people in them became the main irritant for the nazis in this territory. the defense of the dungeon lasted from may to october 1942. after 169 days , they were captured alive in kamenolomny at the end of october. they took only 14 people.

search engines compare the defense of the adzhimushkai quarries with the defense of the bresse fortress, but little is known about the suffering of the participants in the defense, there were few survivors, the archives were not found, and the personal belongings of the victims are either under the rubble or stolen by black diggers. at one point, only 60 armed partisans kept an entire regiment of nazis at bay, confident that at least 2,000 soldiers were hiding in the dungeons. to fail. the germans used aerial bombs weighing 250 kg and gassed people. a long, grueling war. such forecasts of experts on the conflict in the gas sector are of course sad and in underground battles, in principle, there are no winners, because civilians are often hiding in the same tunnels, and a bomb, a phosphorus rocket or gas, they don’t ask whether they are radicals or a kindergarten teacher. i hope this is the same for you now.

it will be clear, happy. this is an opportunity to show belarus, and we use a variety of ways, today not only traditional terrestrial broadcasts. yes, these are cable networks, operators with whom we have the closest relationships in many

parts of our globe, this is definitely growing - ott broadcasting, these are multimedia platforms, smart tv, that is, the ability to watch it via the internet on your tv or mobile phone , favorite tv channel belarus 24, regardless of where the person is, around the clock, and of course, these are our social networks, youtube, form, where we also post our most rated programs, the most delicious interviews and moments, and today it is an opportunity, well, that is, in any way, to reach the viewer, information about belarus is insane is in demand abroad, despite the restrictions that some of our neighbors artificially introduce , unfortunately, we see this request for information about the country, so we are ready to provide it, for this we have intensified with our partners,

which belarus 24 already traditionally has, the russian federation is a huge territory where we are already developing regions, cities, and maybe more... networks are not covered for various reasons, through our official distributor in russia, a media company signal, we are working together to get there too , of course, our signal reaches vladivostok via satellite , it is available in russia, the azerbaijani vector, a satellite works there, we do too, and we also cover nearby territories, this is also an opportunity to intensify the direction there, well, of course, we will still go to europe. we want this feedback and we will now conduct these negotiations and intensify these contacts in order to really make sure that we are heard and understood, well, most of your work is international contacts, you recently

visited media forms in ashgabat, in moscow , what it gives and what issues it allows you to solve literally on the spot. firstly, this is a meeting of like-minded people and people who are professionally involved in distribution, contacts, development of television broadcasting, look at what trends are today, in which direction the world is moving in general, technology, they say that cable network operators are already a bit so to speak, a traditional way of receiving a source, a television signal, and it is internet platforms that are gaining insane growth, and we actually looked , how can you be present there and where else are we... no, firstly, i want to tell our viewers that today we are, uh, on many platforms, the largest - russian platforms, which cover not only the territory of the russian federation, but also a number of cis countries, and other countries, i am present, we will work with them even more closely, and secondly, these are new contacts, it was very

important to get acquainted with the big asia tv channel, a russian tv channel, but it broadcasts... in asian vector, but we are heading to the east, we have interest there and the country is striving to join the shanghai cooperation organization, we are looking closely at the cossian, brix and other associations and it is very important to test this ground, how we can go there, jointly, doing projects or exchange of content, this is also very important , we will move in this direction, but with the media center of turkmenistan, which has been created internationally, this is also an opportunity to establish... contact, make friends and exchange content, this is also very important. a new season has recently started, we all know what new products are waiting for tv viewers of the belarus 24 tv channel. these are favorite programs, first of all, we will update them, these will be the most interesting guests, this will be a good opportunity to get to know the traditions of the belarusian culture even closer and deeper our

country. firstly, we will give the opportunity to viewers not only russian-speaking ones, in case they don’t speak russian. understand the language to receive news about belarus, so we are preparing, together with our colleagues radio belarus international, information in foreign languages, and we will duplicate it on the air of our tv channel, and this, that is , will be possible even for those who live, for example, in poland, in in our neighboring country, in the baltic states or in other countries where english is spoken, to understand everything and immerse yourself: in our life, the life of the republic belarus. sports day is on air, anna eisman is in the studio, good evening. there is one less contender for bronze, this is the main result of the twenty-eighth round