what else is this? well, what did you ask? is this marked or what? in a sense, yes. so, you know what, i need your marked gifts. here, every day is like on a volcano. you stopped me yesterday for speeding. ah, in the morning, in the morning, early in the morning. well, yes, with an artist. oh, well, i remember, i remember. where is the artist? flew away? flew away. arnativka. yes i. i saw it in the cinema, so i brought it to give it back, but so what, it turns out that i even kind of earned them, yes, well, in the new year without violations, thank you, happy, happy,

100 brave guys have gathered in our studio, hello everyone, in exactly a minute a hero will come to us who will answer all your questions: are you ready to meet our guest? and each of them has a question for an adult. the questions are honest and they really ask what interests them. what do you expect from the children you meet now? i am waiting. interesting questions and interesting thoughts. the heroes of the program will have to open up to the audience. the main task is to honestly answer all original, and sometimes and uncomfortable questions. we always pay attention to clothes and hairstyle. i look at hair and clothes, so i continue to develop my brain. which celebrities do you know personally? vysotsky vladimir semenovich means? something

is a name for you, a singer, an artist, i was familiar with him, look at the project 100 questions for an adult on the belarus 24 tv channel . hello, hello, hello, this is for you, what is it , a gift from the boss, a bomb, no. well, this is

a standard gift for employees of our company and friends of our boss, the boss wants, so that you head the sales department, yes, who am i , well, he thinks, since a rich client liked you once, then others can too, but it’s logical, logical, there’s a contract inside, you can think about it until january 10, yeah, well, you’ll think about it, i ’ll think about it . what is it? well, this is a gift from me, a new phone, and you just give me back mine, well, you understand the contacts and addresses there, oh well, of course, you can take this one too, but no, no, no, i’m mine, well, i broke yours , and you 're sorry, of course, but nothing, let's go, okay, listen, you'll meet her, well, with whom, well with this one from the tv, with her, with her, come on, with her, with her, yeah, come on with the upcoming one,

let's happily, hello, hello, your door is open there. you're waiting for someone, uh-huh, that means you have a new snow maiden, what a snow maiden, they told me yesterday how she behaved, how she behaved, is this how snow maidens should behave, how dissolute, well, the snow maiden should be modest, isn't it so, so, so you like those? like her, yes, i

like people like her, no, i don’t like people like her, i, i probably love her, means? that means i need to look for a new santa claus, christmas tree, we can work together, why? because she left, she has christmas trees in another city, with whom will you celebrate the new year? alone, then can i come to you? happy new year to you and you. hello, it's me, hello, hello, how did it arrive

, everything is fine, i'm glad, listen, i left you my phone number, yes. erase it please, why? well, no why, i ’ll be calmer this way, it’s good, but it’s wonderful that it happened, it all happened last year, happy new year for you, and happy new year for you. is your door open? yes, i don’t knock, but the new year always comes without knocking, that ’s for sure, happy new year with new happiness, you

’re probably wrong, what kind of apartment is this? the seventh, and i need the tenth, the tenth is around the corner, thank you, but still, happy new year... thank you, colleague, please, colleague, well, i 'm off. hello, have you ordered any miracles?

the next day it started snowing in simferopol.

it's all noting, merry christmas and love, is that a mistle toe hanging up above you, that's what i say, merry christmas, cuz you

know that santa claus is about to come, merry christmas and a happy you, can you believe me? everybody now's waiting for christmas, even santa claus is not a business, if you take it. such heavenly fall, it's all nothing, nothing, nothing, all nothing at all, again, merry christmas, baby, i'm gna squeeze down in

we definitely use it after cooking as well as after any meal, it is thanks to it that ours. .. the dishes remain beautiful for many years, the time spent putting things in order in the kitchen is reduced to a minimum. although our grandmothers used soap for these purposes in the last century, which produced little foam and dried out your hands. you probably already guessed that i’m talking about dishwashing detergents; it’s clear that without scientists it would still not exist in our kitchens. my name is ekaterina beretskaya. hello, today, literally on scientific components. without exaggeration, the most popular household chemical product, to once again make sure that

science is close to you on this topic. so, look at the program. black precursor to white foam. let's find out what our ancestors used to wash dishes. let's look at the composition of modern detergents. first group is a hydrophilic group, meaning it has a tendency. in water, together with a doctor , we will study the rules for their use; it should not contain chlorine or impurities. like many modern things, liquid dish detergent has an ancient history. more than 500 years ago, according to scientists, it appeared completely by accident, as we learn from our regular column history of the question.

around the third millennium bc in the middle east, when people fried meat, the fat ended up in the hall, which has an alkaline properties. the ancient man quickly realized that a handful of ordinary halloween easily dissolves in water and is washed off along with the dirt, although at first such a product was used only for washing. in russia they used not only the hall. and also vegetable oil, sand , and the prototype of a modern sponge for washing dishes for a long time was grass, a little later a piece of unnecessary fabric, then people had few dishes and in general a personal plate and spoon were considered a privilege, the situation did not change for centuries until the industrial revolution occurred, factories began to produce, in including dishes, and in order to be able to clean them quickly and effectively, chemists come up with the idea of ​​creating... means, who did it first remains a mystery, some attribute the championship to scientists from england, but

more often the name of the german chemist-ponter is heard, who at the beginning of the 20th century he invented a dishwashing detergent, which at first was used only in industry; 10 years later , the first product appeared in america, which is familiar to each of us. well, now i propose to figure out what is included in the composition products that we use every day. a specialist in the field of chemistry is already in contact with us. danila, hello, please tell us what components or combinations of components give us that thick foam in dishwashing detergents . hello, ekaterina, we’ll tell you about the main components in modern detergents. the first main component is water, it contains approximately 30%. the main component is surfactants, they are molecules consisting of

two different groups: the first group is a hydrophilic group, that is , it tends to dissolve in water, the second part of the molecule is hydrophobic, it does not like to dissolve in water, with the help of this composition of the molecule, its hydrophobic part hooks onto the pollutant particle and its hydrophilic part helps it... unhook from surfaces by reducing surface tension, this is the force that holds dirt on the surface, it reduces surface tension as a result of dirt sticking off the surface, they mainly use... a surfactant such as laureth sodium sulfate, then other surfactants are used as a helping agent for laureth sulfate, compounds such as propylene oxide are also used, which are used as a co-solvent by analogy with water, sodium chlorine, all sorts

of preservatives, and the like. now let's look at how modern detergents differ from those that existed. previously, among humanity, people used to make detergents in the following way: they took animal fat and collected wood, mixed it, poured boiling water over it, infused this mixture, the result was something similar to modern soap, what’s the point? wood ash is sodium potassium carbonates, they have a highly alkaline solution in solution, due to this the hydrolysis reaction of fats occurs. resulting in a soap composition very similar to what we use in modern times. modern detergents have a chemical reaction of the environment. this is due to the fact that - salt - sodium laureth, uh, which is contained in detergents, it is a - a mixture of a strong base and - not a very strong acid. as a result

, we get an alkaline environment. also, an alkaline environment is necessary so that the surface molecule of the active substance can perform its function; if the environment is acidic, for example, then the molecule will not perform the function of a detergent, therefore it is useless. it’s clear, but what generally happens to food residues when they are exposed to one or another detergent, please tell us. modern contaminants are fatty residues. fat is a mixture of glycerol and fatty acids acids when exposed to an alkaline detergent, a hydrolysis reaction occurs as a result. in our case, a fat molecule breaks down into a separate glycerol salt of a fatty acid, which separately dissolve in water and are carried away with the flow. therefore, you can simply use components that give an alkaline reaction, for example, baking soda, the classic option. it provides a silky medium, but its disadvantage is that it is a crystalline powder, therefore it

will scratch the dishes, as a result of the effect there is a detergent, but the dishes will be scratched decreases. quality of dishes and so on. what are the advantages of modern detergents? they contain not only an alkaline component, but also contain surfactants that remove pollutant molecules without scratching the dishes or harming other parts in any way. therefore, it is much more convenient and efficient. danila, thank you very much, everything is simple, how much we love you. and i remind you, you are watching the science project nearby, today we understand modern dishwashing detergents, here’s something else we'll tell you how detergents penetrate through the skin into our body, what to do if dishwashing gel causes allergies, and a sign of quality and safety. great

report from the production of domestic detergents. very soon in the program. to become part of a foreign country, you don’t have to be born there; it’s enough to behave at a party, like the host of a show, like at home. and he says, where are you looking, wait there, everything is spinning.

watch the project at home on our tv channel. manufacturers of household chemicals, standard a family of three spends about 200 hours a year on washing dishes, during the same period of time, on average, a family uses about 6 liters

of a special product, if disputes about who will wash the dishes in families today are not uncommon, but how can we it seems that they don’t even argue about the safety of the detergents themselves, they don’t even think about it, so we thought about it and decided to discuss all the details with the doctor, snezana, hello! hello, hello, we are actually so used to detergents when we need to put away the dishes that, well we definitely don’t think about how dangerous or safe they are for our health, how foam penetrates into our body, it still penetrates, of course, everything that you and i, let’s say, pick up, come into contact with, it definitely goes through us and gives some effect, either positive or, as in this case, negative. all the power of a product that has a foaming infection, yes, they foam, let’s say, and penetrate our skin. it should be noted that

the skin still has a basic function, the first - this is a barrier, that is, preventing our body and internal organs from any damaging influences from the outside. therefore, the foaming substance passes. partly through the surface layer, and if there is a very large amount of it, it can have a detrimental effect on our health. i am sure that many will say, well, at most , probably an allergy, but allergies are also a thing, actually dangerous, of course, we now have a tendency towards an increase in the population of various allergic reactions, this is associated with infectious diseases, and various chronic, well, including our household , let’s say, products, yes, with which we come into contact in order to improve, let’s say, our living conditions, and here it should

be noted that the very frequent use of various disinfectants , detergents, affects our skin , how it manifests itself, well, first of all, upon contact with any product, there is, let’s say, redness or swelling, precisely at the point of contact, if you and i... are talking about constant contact with some kind of or a detergent, mainly phosphates, yes, various surface active substances that are included in the composition of dishwashing detergents, because housewives often, let’s say, in a hurry before going to work, want to quickly clean everything up after breakfast, well, run, here you need to pay attention to the fact that in what happens next to your skin, that is, if there is dryness. swelling and any, let's say, uncomfortable situations, then this indicates that you have a predisposition to any agent that is included in

specifically your detergent , which you use every day, and there is such a situation, like, for years, practically the same detergent, well, the compositions are approximately the same, yes, before that everything was fine with your hands, at some point bang, they start to turn red - itch, and so on and so forth, what's going on here? here there is such a thing as a dose effect, yes, that is , such a cumulative peculiar effect that goes on endlessly from day to day, from year to year, so here you need to pay attention to what product you are using it is possible to replace it with something more environmentally friendly and safer for your health. further than the skin these unpleasant, of course, absolutely harmful reactions to health. is it basically not going to work, or can this whole thing penetrate deeper if you start it? science says that, as a rule, they do not get into the bloodstream, because all detergents

go through all the research to ensure that they are safe, but it seems that the more you take, the faster and better you are, let's say , wash the dishes or faster you are cleaning, then we must not forget that increasing the dose, let’s say... this can affect the immune system, also various, let’s say, pores that can form when exposed to a detergent disinfectant , i’m now talking about the temperature of the water, that is, you also need to pay attention at what temperature of water you use this product, because pores can form that go to our pulmonary system, so we smoothly moved on to the rules of use: under no circumstances, that is, in principle can be rinsed

boiling water if you want like this. here to make sure that everything is fine, but the most optimal is 30-45° in order to , let's say, wash away some residues, fat and various, let's say, foreign agents, if we talk about a temperature of 60, then here there is damage, let’s say, to the skin, yes , to the pores that we are talking about, so we don’t heat it up too much, secondly, we look at the composition, be sure to the product that you... it should not contain chlorine-containing impurities and various agents that contain chlorine, because it has a detrimental effect on our pulmonary system, it can, let’s say, even lead to bronchial asthma, so this is very important, and of course we look at what it’s like in general, even the same fragrances, if, because in some cases,

let's say there... if a person has an allergic reaction there to the same citrus fruits, or some floral, let 's say, also moments, then this can also affect the person. i wash dishes at home with gloves or without, if this is not a professional story, yes, the work does not involve washing dishes, necessarily, only with gloves, it is better to wash dishes with gloves in order to provide an additional protective, let’s say, this layer for your hands, if you do it once. week, then, in principle, of course, it is possible without gloves, but i think that basically every day we are faced with these moments, for example, i wash with gloves. someone will now say that it is better to wash in a dishwasher without gloves. as a specialist, as a doctor, tell me, is this really as safe as it seems at first glance for our health? first of all, you need to pay attention that there is a higher temperature there,

yes, that is, there is... heating from 60 above, that’s why the effect here is excellent for disinfection, but the point is what kind of washing agent we use there, so here we also don’t forget about the dose, that is, if it says one capsule, then we take it, but another point is that the dishwasher still needs to be assembled, let’s say, the number of dishes to load it, so it’s not always, let’s say so, well, practically, but in principle.

there are already some moments that have been passed on, yes, predispositions, so here you need to look very carefully at any manifestations on the part of the child, that is, it is better not to do any kind of experiments, but the dishes, of course, they should be as large as possible, let’s say , cleared of any of these otherworldly and impurities, and here, of course, it is needed. exactly that skincare and cosmetics for both the child and the dishes, it is specific, that is, for children, which contains the smallest amount of these dangerous agents, why? because the body is small, and if you and i constantly use this remedy for up to a year, then in the future, well, the person will simply have a constant allergic reaction, not even a predisposition, yes, but an allergy, so

here you really need to be smart , approach well, not only to washing dishes, but in general, in principle, to the food that we give to the child, that is, in the labeling for children on powders, on some kind of detergents, yes, this is a special control, and there exactly, of course, that's it here it is important to rinse with boiled water, boiling water, even, probably, yes, yes, boiling water, the last question is probably, wash the dishes according to the rules. wearing gloves, well, since wearing gloves, maybe you don’t need to do anything with your hands after this, don’t moisturize, don’t nourish, or you still need, of course, you need to keep an eye on , let’s say, the appearance, yes, not only externally, but of course , in order for your hand skin to look presentable for the longest time and be a protective barrier for, let’s say, interaction with... but daily care should

be night, preferably, that is, well, why is it desirable, because the maximum effect, let’s say, of nutrient consumption, if we talk about creams. look at the composition, as a rule, these are vitamins a, e, f, so, in order, well, let’s say, uh, to absorb the benefits for the skin, well , look in general about the vitamins that you and i use, that is, here not only.