how i lived in the ghetto, i don’t understand at all, how i survived, you just need to have a wild imagination to imagine how i survived there. i remember a lot in the ghetto, i think that god gave me the task to tell. about everything that i saw

and what i heard and what i experienced, to understand how people could be in the ghetto in inhuman conditions, how they were able to survive, and how to survive the horror of pogroms, executions, hunger, cold, it is really difficult. documents, testimonies of former prisoners, materials of the prosecutor general’s office of the republic, speak about that it was beyond human understanding. from the first days of the war , ghettos were created in the occupied territories along with concentration camps and prisons. the largest were warsaw. vlodde, lvov,

but no ghetto in europe could compare with minsk in its cruelty and mass extermination of civilians. in the shtetls , everyone was shot within 2-3 months, but here it took a year and 4 months for everyone.

from the order of the field commandant on the creation of a ghetto in the city of minsk, july 19 , 1941. the first since the publication of this order, a jewish district is being created in minsk, where only jews will live. second, within 5 days from the time of publication of this order, the entire jewish population.

when 100-140 thousand people settled there, then 7, 10, 12 people lived in each room, if you count, then this turned out to be about one and a half k per person. according to the order of the field commandant , three camps were actually created on the territory of minsk. the borders of the large ghetto began from kolkhozny lane along the line of the same name streets and ran along nimikska. the bulk of the prisoners, approximately 80 thousand, were kept in this area. the small ghetto included the molotov radio plant area, and sonderto was located in the street area. more than 20 thousand

jews deported from seven countries of western, central and eastern europe were kept here. it was allowed to leave the jewish area only along two streets: opanska and ostrovskogo. it was guarded around the clock by ss forces, policemen from lithuanian and belarusian nationalist formations. the executions of civilians and prisoners of war in minsk began literally from the first days of the occupation. the arsenal included demonstrative executions of jews from the minsk ghetto. early in the morning of november 7, 1941, residents of

vitebskaya street in minsk were awakened by gunshots, after which screams and children's cries could be heard. wulf reyzman ran out into the street, but jews were already being driven out of all the houses, lining them up in a single column. he rushed to the house to warn the household, there were seven souls left there, but it was too late. from the back of the house, policemen were pushing them out into the street his wife, aunt, her husband, sons were not among them, so they managed to hide, flashed through his mind, wulf managed to grab his little daughter by the hand and ran.

having caught his breath, hiding behind houses, he and the child followed the column, people were pushed towards the cars at gunpoint, wulf looked for his own with his eyes, suddenly at the very end of the column he saw esfil, his wife, their eyes met, she screamed: "show them, ausweis! his consciousness worked feverishly, a moment later he was already running to the policeman, showing the saving document, shouting on the move: ausweis, ausweis! the policeman, having made sure that the man really had

a pass, pushed esfil out of the column. when he showed ausmes, the germans were freeing in the first pogrom. those who worked, and my mother was allowed to leave the column, she was with some other girl, say that i am your daughter, she was about 16 years old, this girl, she said, she was also released, the doctrine of the nazis, but how to cope with the liquidation of such a large number of people? one of the effective means was pogroms. the especially bloody one lasted 4 days. it began on july 28 and ended on july 31

1942. the figures of victims vary. then , presumably, 25 thousand people were killed, in a four-day pogrom, my mother knew malina, and we ran there and we sat there for 4 days, everyone was lying down, because the low ceiling was low, everyone was lying down, there were 60 people there, it was scary. it was 4 days to sit behind a pich, there was a woman, aginskaya fields, with a little girl, she was younger than me, she started crying, they strangled her, in front of her mother, so that 60

people would not die, we sat and clearly ... i remember and will never forget, we children talked to each other, as if for a long time hold your breath and how to pretend to be dead, that you were not killed by the germans. people used any opportunity to hide: basements, attics, ditches, cellars, exits and manholes from houses. malina, as they called the places in the ghetto where you could hide during the pogrom, saved many lives of the ghetto people.

in a small house with two apartments on respublikanskaya street in minsk, in november 1942 , the fascists were doing their usual thing, shaking out the things of the residents they had killed, trying to find something valuable, they called it having fun. such rounds of in the evenings in the ghetto were undertaken constantly, not finding anything else suitable for themselves, they literally broke into the neighboring apartment froze at the entrance in surprise. there was no one there, although everything indicated that people had been here just recently. they really were. hiding. in the tight space between the stove and the second wall, where you could only stand along the wall, they

did everything to not give themselves away, not the slightest sound, not the slightest rustle. then the residents of the house were lucky.

march july 42, in october 43. minsk ghetto existed from july 20, 1941 to october 21, 1943. it became one of the largest in europe. at least 100,000 jews passed through it, about 90 thousand were destroyed. of the 25 thousand people deported to the ghetto from europe, only fifty prisoners managed to escape. in total , from 600 to ... 800 thousand people were destroyed in the ghettos created throughout the republic during the war.

don't miss it on the belarus 24 tv channel . the heroes of this program chose life outside the city. my personal life is these plants, i do them, i enjoy them, a lot has changed. i graduated from university, hurray, i got another park, i made such a reform in the old park, that is, before there were

more annuals, now it's the opposite, all perennials, to make it easier to take care of the bees, i smile. i also dreamed of having an apiary, my own hives, there they see more opportunities and use them to the maximum. natalie, in the sixteenth year, and you said goodbye to the city forever, you are restoring the apple orchard, yes, the orchard is big, yes, 16 hectares, it opens up to the sun, in the shade closes, and what is there - a red stem, a green amazing, some kind of radish, what does it look like visually beetroot?

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belarus. watch right now. for the first time in the history of belarus, the activities of japanese intelligence services were stopped, it sounds exotic, but this is the reality of the modern situation. messages and reports from gomel to tokyo went under the pseudonym massa. in july, before departure from belarus, the kgb detains a japanese citizen, lawyer masatoshi on konis, the method is rigid fixation of the body so that he could not take, for example, hidden poison, as in the best traditions of detaining spies carried out by soviet security officers. the contents of

the japanese laptop would have been very welcome in one special service. where did he intend to go upon arrival in tokyo? koka-koan and inkai. national public safety commission of japan. this structure manages the national police agency of the country. one of its divisions, the security bureau, is also engaged in counterintelligence and intelligence activities. in its system there is.