>> from our studios in new york, this is "charlie rose." >> we begin with the ongoing search for the missing malaysian airliner. flight 370 disappeared on march 8.

the prime minister announced it went down in the southern indian ocean. >> based on the new analysis, we have concluded that mh370 flew along the southern corridor and last position in the middle of the indian ocean west of perth. this is a remote location. far from any possible landing sites. >> the conclusion was the result of new analysis from satellite data. debris was spotted 1500 miles off the southwest coast of

australia. joining us now is the president of an advisory firm. also a marine corps air pilot. he contributed to abc news and served in the state department bureau. and from the washington bureau, bob orr. welcome. >> thank you. >> let me go to this first question. what is the key piece of evidence that led the prime minister to make the announcement he made? >> i think what the prime minister said -- the company that was getting the pings did additional forensics and got boeing to help out. we have been talking about southern route and a northern route. they went back and said, now, we're sure it is on the southern arc.

it is 1000 miles out to sea. that airplane is out of gas and going nowhere except in the water. it was really just reaffirming evidence we know. it was done for the relatives to say, it is time to abandon hope. there's nobody that could have survived. >> what is next? >> we have to find some piece of debris. this is an important marker for the malaysians to tell the families, you have heard crazy rumors. people holding onto hopes. as he said, the airplane has obviously crashed. it is in the southern indian ocean. until we get a piece of debris that definitely came from the flight, we won't know where to look for the wreckage field. until you can find the wreckage field, we won't get the key clues. >> how will we find those wreckage field?

>> working backwards over time, we will try to find an x on a map. we will put underwater robotic vehicles -- sonar ping locators -- we may find the primary wreckage field. this is a big piece of news, but we are not yet close to knowing what happened to the airplane. >> do we have any more idea whether this is a pilot act? >> i don't think we do. people have all sorts of theories. none of the theories stand up to some of the key questions. nobody has the answer.

what we have been given today is all we really know -- the airplane went south and is in the middle of one of the most remote parts of the world. it will be tough to find out answers why it is there. >> we are able to locate where they are by data points? >> we know talking to boeing engineers -- they talked about how much fuel was aboard the plane. the last thing was 7.5 hours. you have 30 minutes of gas and you are a thousand miles from land, you're not going anywhere but in the water. it will allow them to narrow down what that cooridor might've been. it will hopefully help locate where the impact might be. it is the wreckage that contains the black boxes that will answer most of the mysteries. not all, but most. at the bottom of the ocean. we will find the answers in the debris which is hundreds of miles away potentially from

where the wreckage is. >> how important are the next two weeks? >> the batteries will run out. they can run up to 40 days. the manufacturer says they are guaranteed for 30, but they may run to 40. in the air france crash, neither pinger worked. the reason the crash went on for so long is because they did not hear the pingers. they broadened search. they didn't go back to the basics. it wasn't until they went back to the statistical analysis to

understand that they found the aircraft. >> what are the things we want to know is whether they are making any kind of progress on the police head of the investigation. without the crash wreckage, the boxes, there's only so much of the new on the airplane site here. the fbi is looking at the computers ticket from the pilots homes. the flight simulator taken from the captain's home. they have continued to go through the flight manifest and checked games against known databases. so far, we have big zeros. nobody in the passenger list that matches up against terror or criminal databases. are they making progress on the

police side? so far, nothing is jumping out. nothing to date that would point to any kind of preplanning or motive. we are back to the possibility that we might have an accident. there could be terrorism, although i think most sources will tell you that is falling on the list. but we still don't know. but more answers than we had the beginning. >> what would be an accident that could cause a plane to do what has happened to this one? >> it is very hard to find a scenario -- i think steve would tell you this as well -- an accident chain we have identified that would fit all the facts. there has been speculation perhaps a fire on board. a fire that eventually incapacitated the pilots. but if the fire is bad enough, how come it is not bad enough that the plane still flies for eight hours? if it is working through the cockpit panel, why did the

pilots have enough time to tell someone about the problem? there was a swissair accident where there was a fire in the wiring. this was a raging fire out of control. eventually the plane crashed. but the pilots had time to tell us. you can go through all the accident scenarios, and you will always find a fact or two in this chain that we know of that knocks a hole in that theory. >> we talked about the cabin depressurizing. i talked to a friend of mine who is a captain -- the idea of decompression, no way. there are too many backups. highly unlikely. >> what if the pilots did it? no way. it sets off alarm bells. bells and whistles and lights. it couldn't have been done while he was not looking. i don't see the viable scenario that does not have a what if -- a scenario based on just manufacturing malfunctions. >> i hear you saying every scenario has questions.

>> i think that is right. there are questions about everyone. after the 9/11 commission report, the investigator said we had a failure of imagination. i asked myself here, are we failing to imagine the kinds of failures that might happen? that is a possibility. when twa went down in 1996, most people thought that was a bomb. some thought it was a missile. nobody came out with a theory that said that was a spark in a fuel tank. that was not a scenario we had considered. not one that was on the realm of possibilities. >> i would just add that the air france -- we keep going back to that because there are so many parallels -- there was nobody that would have imagined the

outcome when we found the black box. the copilot inadvertently put that aircraft into a stall and held it in a stall all the way to impact. nobody would believed that. it was only when we found the black boxes when we figure this out. >> pilot error may be a scenario. >> could be. >> are you guys comfortable with the information? is the u.s. government comfortable with the information from the malaysian government? >> i certainly have not been. i have been critical of the government. there have been contradictions all week. we have known they have done things that they have not admitted. the good thing is, we have the austrians involved. the pros involved. i think we will get where we need to go. it is unfortunate there were delays.

this could have been further along at this point. >> i think i agree. the information has been all over the place. it is hard to know -- sometimes facts are not the case. we now have experts from great britain, this country, people that know how to read radar and extrapolate data. we are finally getting some concrete answers. unfortunately, we are into third week. this investigation only began in we still do not have the debris we need. once we get the debris we need -- when not -- then there is the possibility we can find the wreckage field. >> thank you so much. >> thank you. >> thanks for joining us. ♪ >> tom pritzker is here.

here's the chairman and ceo of the pritzker foundation. he also is responsible for the prize for architecture. he announced the 2014 laureate. the jury praised the architect for his sense of responsibility and positive action. i am pleased to have tom prtizker at this table for the first time. i am pleased to be a part of this in terms of interviewing the recipients. how did this happen? how did your family became involved with this idea of

recognizing greatness and architecture? >> what happened was, a guy showed up at dad's office. a guy showed up and said, i have an idea. his idea was, if he could talk us into doing a prize in the world of architecture. if he could talk us into this, he would have the job as executive secretary. he talked us into it. dad bought the idea. >> who selects the recipients? >> we have a separation of church and state. we have a jury. the jury evolves over time. they make the selection. hopefully we get white smoke by the afternoon. [laughter] >> these are mainly people with a discerning eye about architecture. >> they all have a passion for architecture.

huxtable was on the jury, a critic. our current jury is terrific. we have people from chile, india, china, europe. really, across the board geographically. supreme court justice stephen breyer is on the jury. an industrialist from india. a terrific, diverse jury. >> what do they look for? >> the purpose of the prize is to honor a living architect who has made a contribution, a significant contribution to humanity. who has done it through the

built environment and the art of architecture. that is the prism through which they look for their next honoree. >> you and i love architecture. we appreciate the skill of those who are gifted enough to understand the environment we live in and how to make functional buildings -- both residential and commercial. so people get something special that happens to them because they inhabit those buildings. that is what i like about architecture. it has a continuance, a permanence, that a lot of other things do not. >> it sets the tone for our environment. what we do all day, every day. every person on earth is a consumer of architecture. >> here's what you said about the winner. his commitment to humanitarian causes is an example for all. innovation is not limited by building type or budget.

he has made our world a better place. >> from my point of view, for years, architecture has responded with iconic buildings. responded to a certain segment of humanity. a large segment. the urban segment. what he has done is respond to probably be neediest segment of society. disaster victims. put yourself in their shoes. you have had a disaster and lost everything. what he can do is create hope. he can not only create a building that can cover your head and provide you with housing, but provide hope in that moment of despair that is a great contribution. >> he is known for the material he uses. i think he looks at the wood

world differently. he looks at something. while others may look and say, that is garbage. he says, how can i use that? >> you and i have both seen -- the hyatt regency atlanta. >> this was built by a developer. we acquired it. just before it opened. what happened was, it changed the mood. i think it changed the chemistry and brain of our guests. everyone walked around with a smile. what we learned is architecture

can change the experience. we begin to focus on the experience as opposed to the functionality. >> then there is the great architectural genius. >> i have a great story on bilbao. they were not thrilled to go to another museum. we approached it. their eyes lit up. they ran over to the building and touched it. >> how old were they? >> i want to say early teens. they said, is this ok? we said, yeah. they started running their hands along the titanium. it changed their moods. it really was a fantastic experience for me to see what it did to these kids. >> then there is millennium park. >> it was my mom who made the difference.

she insisted we have frank gehry do the pavilion. from that, another architect did the beam. what it did in chicago was created a soul. created something everybody is proud of. it changed the spirit of a city. >> changed the spirit of a city? a city which has enormous architecture as well as attractive museums. >> frank lloyd wright at the beginning of it. in the 1950's and 1960's, maybe even the 1970's, i would say we were not exemplary. millennium park changed that. >> will the president establish library in chicago? >> we hope so.

makes sense. >> find an architect to do it. >> we expect him to do it. >> a chicago making an effort to do this? >> the mayor is leading a team. >> rahm emanuel. i think he is doing great. he has the personality and tenacity and drive. he cares a lot about it. i think he is doing a great job. >> he announced he wanted to be mayor on this program. i said it as a throwaway question. if you were doing this, what would you do? he said, i would like to be mayor. >> he is passionate about his job. if you are passionate, you are miles ahead. >> there is a real effort to get the president to bring it there. >> for sure. bringing it together so you don't have competing bids in chicago. >> there was also this about the pritzker prize. as part of the goal to enlarge the appreciation of

architecture? >> we want to raise the importance of architecture for everybody. city opinion leaders, politicians, developers. we want them to understand the importance. we think it will make for a better world. >> it is amazing when you see -- the spirit of architecture. fort worth, texas. one of the great museums in the world. what it can do to a place to have people thinking about the urban life. it's planning and architecture. the quality of public spaces. >> i have a friend in china. his theory is, is about the heart of a city.

you can create the heart with architecture and culture. without that, you will have a city with no soul. >> you are interested in >> you are interested in -- >> i am. my wife and i, in 1978, flew to the western himalayas. we walked for 500 miles along the northern slopes. >> you went 500 miles? >> 2.5 months. the closest radio was a three-week walk away. we went into places that westerners had never been. it was the most fascinating thing you can imagine. we were living in medieval times. the result of that led to a

fantastic life in terms of scholarship. i developed an expertise in the 11th century kingdom and western tibet. they give me a professorship in china. i work with the state cultural relics bureau. we do archaeology in a remote region of western tibet. >> did it change your attitude about life? >> it brought a balance. it gave perspective. here, you begin to understand what is really important. as well as -- we are exploring and finding things where we are able to contribute to man's learning about our history. >> you collect himalayan art? >> we do.

what i find is, when i learn about something, i want to move the needle. i look for a way to build something around that. we took this great journey. in 1978. i became interested. the way it translated for me was an interest in china. in interest and scholarship around this 11th century kingdom. putting together a collection that speaks to this era in hopes of being able to educate people through art. >> you have hotels and china? >> we have 28 hotels open. we have 60 in the pipeline. we need to hire 50,000 people in china over the next five years. lots of different activities in china. >> how much of your time and life does the price take --

prize take? >> not that much. during this time, we have to pay attention. the jury is responsible for selection. we are responsible for the ceremony. >> in rotterdam? >> it will be in amsterdam at the rijksmuseum. we will have the ceremony at a place open to the public. everybody can participate. then we will have a private dinner. the next day, we will have a group of laureates speak in a public forum. >> which includes the giants of architecture. >> we hope so. >> when we come back, we will meet shigeru ban. ♪

>> we are pleased to have shigeru ban.

be, a laureate. he have shaped conceptions of contemporary architecture through the use of paper and cardboard in buildings. he earned great praise in france. his emergency relief work has earned him the title the people's architect. i'm pleased to have him at the table for the first time. tom pritzker is here with us. his family and the foundation believe that the award has done something special for architecture. how did they tell you they have been chosen? >> i got the phone call from the executive director. and i thought she was just joking. >> she was not joking.

>> what does it mean to you? >> i spent three years on jury so i know how important it is so i know how difficult it is to choose somebody. i know because of my experience that i have not lived it yet. >> you have not done your best work yet? >> i always do my best work any time. the second laureate of the award was 72 when she received it. i am not there yet. i am taking this opportunity as encouragement to continue doing the work.

>> you say the prize encourages you to keep doing what you are doing and to grow. tom said to me that they wanted you off the board because they knew you were becoming an architect that clearly would be deserving of the prize at some point. >> thank you. >> when you were on the jury, what did you look for? >> there are so many great architects. instead we need to have a stronger message.

we are looking for those who influence others. >> if that is true about you, how do you think you have influenced other architects? >> i started doing the activities working in natural disasters. we made temporary structures for the victims of natural disasters. when i started doing it in 1994 after the rwanda crisis, no one was really in the field of disaster. >> why did you do it? >> i was disappointed because we are mainly working for people who have the money and the power. these people are invisible.

we were asked to show that the name, the money, the power is there to the general public, but this is the role of the architect for a long time. thought that our experience and knowledge could be used but also for the people who lost their houses in natural disaster. >> this is the spirit of the organization also. >> it speaks to a segment of humanity that is the most needy and it speaks to a segment that we have not spoken to in terms of the selection of laureates. >> how do you do it? give us a sense of how you do it and we will look at some of the things that you do that have attracted a lot of attention.

this is what is distinctive about you. more and more people are becoming aware of it. >> first of all, i have to go there by myself to find out the problem. the solution, even temporary housing is very different and i have to make my own research what is locally available. i have to find out who can be my partner locally. >> you say it does not matter if you get money for a project or not because there are more important things. in the end, you get money but it's more important that you do >> even when i design temporary housing, when they are happy, this kind of construction is the same as when i design a more expensive house. there is just the difference in

whether i am paid or not. my partner would care but i'm not interested in how much i make. >> and your accountant. >> there is this idea that you are the architect for the people. >> it is more than that. i always want to work with the communities to find out their particular problem, especially after i worked for the united nations with refugees. the united nations cannot solve the problem of the minority people. they always have a solution for the majority of people but i always go there to find out a particular problem of the small community or minority. even before the disaster project or temporary structure, it has to be beautiful and comfortable.

it is no different from buildings i am working on. >> why did you become an architect? >> first, i wanted to be a carpenter. >> you are fascinated about building at a very young age, hammers, nail, wood, building things. >> when i was small i did not know what an architect was. it is like a conductor. you need to be a team leader. >> you came to the united states and you went to the cooper union and what was that experience like for you? >> my father was very angry i decided to go after high school. nobody knew about it. it was my dream to be accepted but my father was very angry because it doesn't sound like a

school. this is my dream since high school. that is why i became the architect there. >> explained to me. what is it about paper that you believe can be used so well? >> when people develop something, a structure or something, they try to develop something stronger, but i know it has nothing to do with the strength of the building or the durability. even the paper made of cardboard, recycled paper, this is weaker but still according to the testing, i know that we can make a very durable, strong building even if it may be able to be destroyed by an earthquake. it is light weight, easy to

construct. >> why is that? >> the strength of the building has nothing to do with the strength of the material. >> what does the strength of the building have to do with if it is not the material? then what? >> there is a difference between permanent and temporary building. it's not about the material. even the paper church this became permanent. even the building made of concrete, if the people try to make the building to make money, it is always temporary. they destroy them and put a new building so even building and concrete can be very temporary. it is not about material.

>> what is it about japan and architecture? there have been six or seven other japanese architects who have received the pritzker prize. what is it about japan and architecture? >> in the social position of architects is not very high. up to the samurai period, there were no architects. the master carpenter designs the building. >> we will look at some of the things you are responsible for. >> it was a more difficult time than normal.

i found out that the vietnamese refugees were in the catholic church. i've been there to find out what they need. they did not want to move into a government house. i want to improve the living shelter, something very beautiful and comfortable. >> next is the japanese pavilion. this was built out of paper tubes for the world exposition

expo in germany. describe this. >> we collaborated to make this structure out of paper tubes. the important thing is not only that when it is built because they only stayed there half a year. >> you have great admiration for him and using the material. >> he thinks about the materials differently, the environment differently, and he integrates that into his work.

>> described this one. >> this is the first time i won an international competition. it was quite expensive. i want to bring my student they're bringing the paper tubes so this was the result of the student run construction. >> take a look at this. there you go.

>> this is the biggest timber roofs ever built. >> it is like the chinese mobile hut. it is very light weight. this is a big window framing the city and also open using this to make shelter for people. >> how did you come to consider these materials more so than almost any architect that i can think of? what was the motivating incentive? >> i do not like to be interested by fashionable there are only a couple of architects create their own style. they developed their own structural system. it was my dream to develop my own structural system.

>> the next one is this house in japan. >> he did not want to have any private room. they wanted to spend their time always together. i made a small space for the individuals. it makes the room very flexible. >> another example they can influence relationships. >> a client who knows what he wants and he can translate into what they are trying to achieve. >> what is the perfect client for you? >> somebody who can share the same spirit. it is not about the size of the project or budget, the spirit and the lifestyle they want to create here or the material. if i can share this spirit. >> what are your questions? what do you want to know?

>> first of all, i find out whether the client has seen my work to understand me. i do not want to do something they might not like. my solution is always different. still, i want him to understand the concept of design from previous projects. >> would you design it or have someone else do it? >> i live in an apartment i designed but am renting. >> no desire to create a great place for yourself and your family? >> no, i'm busy enough. >> what do you dream about you? you have achieved a certain

status or you can think of the unthinkable and make it possible. >> my dream when i was small was working all over the world. now i'm doing it. i have no desire or dream to make a high-rise tower. maybe now my office may be too big so i want to reduce the size and spend more time on each project. if i have too many projects, then i want have enough time to spend enough time in disaster areas. >> finally, this house. it's a temporary home that captured the openness of traditional japanese homes.

transparent. i wanted to design this in the traditional way. >> now let's talk about relief. the first time we see the rwanda relief camp is 1999 in the image of these prototype tents that you'd designed. >> you have to cut the trees by yourself and becomes very heavy and forced deforestization. our budget was 50 u.s. dollars per unit. >> i visited a refugee camp last year in jordan and its extraordinary how they are forced to live as they tried to escape political violence. you see that from natural disasters as well. the next one is this temporary

container housing, 2011, for japanese disaster victims from the earthquake. >> it's not very comfortable but it is the same amount of money, same size. i wanted to prove to the government i could make it more comfortable. i proposed that we need to make multi-story housing especially after the earthquake in the city. >> next is the paper system in

2011. >> until they move in the temporary house, it takes three or four months. after they finished, we can't use the paper again. >> the cardboard cathedral. >> it is also the most important. it is the anglican church and i was asked to design the church to be a symbol of the recovery of the earthquake. >> do you think his passion for these things has influenced other architects and shown the way? >> i think he is the pioneer. he's the first mover. having received the prize and

seeing other architects and then seeing what he's able to do, it will be a trend. >> they appreciate that kind of involvement. what are your goals? >> my dream is to keep helping with people who need the space. i like to keep working in disaster areas. >> what's been the most important influence?

>> in finland, it's not very famous what he has done, but he has built many affordable houses after world war ii. also he has done this working. they are working to make their own city without being paid. they're working not only in the disaster area. >> his own dream for the roosevelt island. >> there's also this notion that they called you the accidental environmentalist.

i assume that makes you please. >> i am considered to be active but i started developing a system to use recycled material 1986. >> here's is one of the things you said. the most needed thing in our culture today is love. that is what makes it permenant if you have love for the building and where it is placed. congratulations. it's a pleasure to meet you. this award, this honor, this representation of the best in

architecture is certainly where you deserve to be. >> thank you. i would like to continue my life's work working for the people. ♪

>> live from pier three in san francisco, welcome to "bloomberg west," where we cover the future of business. i am emily chang. big stories we're following right now. facebook making another multi-billion-dollar acquisition. it is buying virtual reality company oculus for $2 billion. we will look at what it means for the social network. candy crush maker king sets its ipo price at $22.50 a share.