>> from our studios in new york, this is "charlie rose." >> president jimmy carter is here. he served as the president from 1977-19 81. his major achievements include

the camp david accords, improved to nomadic relations with china, and most successful post-presidencies. he received the nobel he's prize in 2002. againstst efforts are discrimination against women and girls. book, "a call to action." i am pleased to have jimmy carter back of this table. met during the campaign, 1976. >> a long time ago. >> it was. lessons from life, through the year with jimmy carter, ,editations, waging peace endangered values, the hornets 25 books. hdo you write because you love o

write, it is a primary source of income, there is so much you want to say? >> all three. [laughter] i like to write. this is my 28th book. i don't have any outside source of income. i'm not on the election circuit. >> by choice. >> by choice. i'm a professor at a university so i get a salary. but it gives me a source of income for my family. we have a big family now. it also lets me address issues onthis importance, and be the "charlie rose show." and let the people that read my book.

this is the most important book i've written. it is a subject that is the worst affliction on society that exists on earth. it is the greatest human rights abuse i've ever known. it is unaddressed. women and girls are suffering in an unconscionable way that people -- very few people know about. one example. the worst case of genocide i holocaust.was the 25 times that many people have been killed by their own parents. birth, orangled at aborted when they find out it is going to be a girl and not a boy. this takes place in china. it takes place in other countries.

the result of that is that young man cannot find brides to marry. factor tocontributed the greatest level of saline three -- greatest level of slavery. $32 billion a year. the state department is required by law to analyze how much slavery does exist. 800,000 people sold across international borders every year. 80% are girls being sold into sexual slavery. 100,000 girls are sold every year in the united states. , the number one trafficking in girls. >> why? >> it has the largest airport in the world. it serves the southern part of the hemisphere more than most big airports. girls are cheaper to buy in

latin america and africa than they are in europe and so forth. $1000 for broth along -- for a brothel owner. girls in thep south. they come through the atlanta airport. wax who is karen ryan? in charge of the human rights program at the carter center. we began it aired years ago in the third world. 79 countries we have had programs in. we began to see as we tried to 11 eight diseases and conduct elections, 35 million people for disease treated, women in those countries were so severely treated, deprived of an equal boyss within families, the

got the food, girls didn't. they sent one child to school instead of the girl. that led us to become aware of this. policy hascenter' focused on abuse of girls and how religion and violence are two factors contribute to the abuse of women. religion is one of the major causes. interpreted by men leaders as ordaining. the women are not equal to men in the eyes of god. jesus christ never said any such thing. he elevated women. >> is it more in christendom? .> it is about the same it can be misinterpreted. the actual versus you can quote can quote,ou

36,000 verses. if you want to prove the bible says women are inferior, you can find a verse to do it. jesus never did that. st. paul wrote letters to tiny churches and sometimes said that women couldn't teach boys and couldn't speak in church. other times he said there was no difference in the eyes of god. about 25ces, he listed of the key leaders in the early church. a good portion were women who occupied all levels of the church hierarchy. >> is this one reason you left southern baptist? >> it is one reason. until thearea of work year 2000. my dad was a teacher.

a sunday school teacher. we left the southern baptist convention when they ordained that women had to be subservient to their husbands and could not serve as pastors in a church, or deacons in a church. southern baptist convention universities, seminaries, a woman is not permitted to teach a class if a boy is a student. you can find a bible that says that. we left for that reason. women want to encourage and girls, including those not abuse, to speak up. those who speak out protected from retaliation. >> in the united states, the two most revered institution in america. our great university system. the most horrible abuse of women and girls in america is in the university campuses. the reason for it is that

, on as, serial rapists campus they are impervious to trial or persecution if they rape girls. presidents of universities and deans are reluctant to encourage a woman who has been raped to himrt her attacker and have brought to justice. it brings adverse public setting to the university campus. here is a place for sexual abuse takes place because they report it. they go to counseling. trial,bring a boy to a quite often he will claim that it is consensual. the other institution is the u.s. military. madetatistics have been available pre-20 6000 reported cases of sexual abuse. only 320 of them actually brought the attacker to justice.

that is one percent. campus, only four percent are reported. in civilian life, six times are reported. don'tes in universities want women to report abuses. that is two examples. another thing that example -- another thing that exists, the pay for women. less for thed 23% same exact work. if you look at the fortune 500, less than two dozen have women ceos. they get 42% less pay than a man doing the same job. when the catholic church and southern baptist convention says a woman is not equal in the eyes of god, a husband who wants to abuse his wife, or employer that wants to pay less says, if she is not equal on the eyes of god, why should i see it that way? mentioned inwhen i

my introduction to you. secretary kerry is working hard to make a difference. i know you are impressed by what he is doing. him.re wishing what was it about you at camp david that ended up with a peace treaty between israel and egypt? playwright's and meers have spent hours with figuring out why it did happen. it was almost impossible. representing israel, the most 50uctant person among the israelis that were there. everybody else wanted to go along and be constructive. on the other hand, some thought

was the most instructive. resignedtary of state in protest because he thought he was too forthcoming. , as the play will a devout, you had christian and a devout muslim and a devout jew. the first about you as prime minister. devout jew as prime minister. if they got in the same room, sparks would fly. they would berate each other. for the last 10 years -- but a last 10 days, i went back and forth between them. bagan had taken an oath before god. may my right arm fall off if i

ever dismantle the settlement. the provisos was that israel had to withdraw from his terry terry -- his territory. palestinians had to be given full rights. i thought it was over with. back andeady to go announce a failure. which would have been embarrassing. bagan asked me if he could have a photograph to give to his grandchildren. decided on her own to call up israel and find out the names of his eight grandchildren. i wrote his name. i signed it. i took it over to his cabin. he was ready to go to washington

in defeat. he was angry with me. he looked at the first photograph, and he called out the name of his grandchild. one he looked at the second , and tears ran down his cheeks. tears. , andly, he looked around why don't we try one more time? he sent his assistant over there. we decided to compromise. any role in take dismantling the settlements. the parliamentt make the decision. he didn't violate his oath of dismantling a settlement. he let the parliament do it.

that is how we got that. >> you came down from camp david with a historic agreement. everybody said to you, don't do camp david now. do it in a second term. it will be nothing but trouble for you. you said, i'm going to do it. staff to devise me the ultimate goal we should reach. they presented it to me in the roosevelt room. ambition.imited we would love the secretaries of state negotiate an agreement. i said, no. letter -- i hand tote a letter asking begin

come meet with me. know whether to bring these two guys. acres, private, bunch of cabins. i decided to bring them to camp david. we locked up camp david. we didn't let anybody in. wasart of the four years iran. >> i recall that. >> how many times have you added aif you had only helicopter. >> every time i get the question. what would you do different? >> one more helicopter. >> you believe that would have done it? >> there is no doubt. >> we were going to send seven. we had to have six. i could leave them back. we had to have six. sendd brown said we will

seven. i said, why don't we send eight? they had a long flight across the desert. helicopters, went back to the helicopter. one was forced down. another one had an oil leak and crashed. we had to abort the mission. >> bob gates will tell you that when they went over to get osama bin laden, they had problems with helicopters. the mission would have been successful in your judgment because you would have been able to get the hostages under the cover of darkness? lex we knew every -- >> we knew every ambassador. we know what room they are in.

we knew how well armed they were. we can tell which car in front of the compound was on duty. there was a coat that had been there to give this information. nobody knew we were there. they never knew we were there until our rescue team was out. they found the debris in the desert. ♪

>> there is this today in contemporary american politics. some people would talk about he isent obama and say, another jimmy carter. notwithstanding the things i have talked about, the sense that somehow jimmy carter was weak. where does that come from? what republicans -- >> republicans decided, and i left in defeat, that we didn't strengthen the military, which we did, that we didn't take care of the country, which we did. trying to resurrect the

old times. but when the soviet union invaded afghanistan, i took strong action with our ambassador. a total embargo. >> "the ethics. >> that's right. the olympic committee decided not to go. we began to give the secret weapons to the fighters inside afghanistan to defeat the soviet union invaders. that was picked up by my successors. we did everything we possibly could. the most important thing was if he went beyond afghanistan we would respond militarily. >> if they had gone beyond afghanistan you would have attacked. >> absolutely.

or i would have violated my word of honor. >> he cap be prepared to do it. the president got some criticism. he said a red line was here. >> i was prepared to do it. i might say it is different now. crimea, putin would have gone into crimea no matter what kind no matter what happened. considering crimea as part of russia. most of the crimean people consider them selves a part of russia. stop them now so he doesn't go any further. that is where we need to draw the line. >> he would say you would have your president say --

>> i'm not going to tell them what to say. >> are you saying that if putin decides to go send his troops , you wouldraine militarily demand he stopped or face consequences. >> i think now, we would join in with europe in making that. with nato. i didn't have nato with me when the soviets invaded afghanistan. i felt i was responsible. what's the most important thing is the belief that you have that if you do not stop it at all is huge. is appetite >> he had to make him believe certainhe crosses a line, the consequences will be unbearable. >> how does this president make him believe? i'm not asking you to criticize the president. to make vladimir putin

believe? what do you do with u.s. strength to make him believe that if he does that, it will be at unattended consequence for him question my >> i'm not sure how to do that. i don't know vladimir putin. i look very carefully at his speech that he made last week. he deftly said i'm not going to do the same thing in eastern ukraine. what he is going to do, he is people inoo the eastern ukraine. with all kinds of loans, and grants, and trade preferences to make them believe that they are better with russia than they are with your. that might resolve itself. i don't favor this.

the western part might go to europe or the eastern part might go to russian of their own volition. , that isary action unacceptable. >> do you think he wants to do a question >> i don't think so. i believe he said he is not going to do it. why should he live? >> henry kissinger set what you are seeing and said you have to respect that ukraine's relationship with russia, it transition between europe and asia. solution >> the , i havem trying to make known for a long time that place thata special sticks out into the black sea.

>> limit about the middle east. kerryegotiations that --do you know what his framework is? >> he has gotten my advice. your vice? >> i didn't say that. i sent e-mails. >> tell me what you say to him in your e-mails. >> i tell him to be equally between the two. him, whiching i told is predictable, don't violate international law. the laws that apply at camp david agreements, that don't , thate the peace treaty don't violate what nixon and

brezinski and i, and george w. bush, have all pursued. don't violate the international law. all the nations in the world have agreed with the basic laws that prevails from an repose -- unopposed yuan resolutions. there are some that ought not be violated. i think that the 1967 borders are basically inviolate. they can be modified back and forth. sharon, who was my , we were both farmers and firmly. the last time i met with him, the last day of his prime minister ship, he had a wonderful idea that he showed

me. israel would take over the area of palestine near jerusalem. in addition, -- stateusalem would be the capital for both. >> but israel would give palestinians and amount of territory. 36would provide a core door miles long between gaza and the west bank. in the core door, there will be a highway in a railroad. his farm is south of that. will dig a tunnel under the highway or a bridge over. he had that all worked out. that is the kind of thing that could be put into effect in the future. .> it is tragic they seem to have the courage

it gospect to make forward and convince the israeli public that their national security could be preserved at the same time they had an agreement with the palestinians. >> every prime minister in israel except netanyahu has accepted that premise. when president obama gave his famous speech. the bases which john kerry is trying to negotiate. >> wouldn't have been better if president obama flown to jerusalem? wax it might have been, in retrospect. he had made the same basic speech in jerusalem that he made in cairo, i think he would have been good. netanyahu, i happen to be in

jerusalem, the speech was made in cairo, i heard netanyahu make the statement. very for the first time that he accepted the two state solution. i think he said it with his tongue in his cheek. >> settlements are not constructive question my >> no, they are not. illegal. >> the palestinians insist on the notion of israel be understood as the jewish state. it seems high up on the priorities. >> yes. high on their priorities. >> should it be agreed to by the palestinians? >> they will never agree to

that. it would suit me. but it is a matter of except the fact that 1.5 million arabs who live inside israel double long there -- do not belong there because they are not jews. arabs as is called iv a jewish state, everybody in israel is a jew. a fourth of total israeli citizens are not jews. insurmountable problem that is to some degree semantical. it is all right with palestinians if netanyahu calls this a jewish state. , itto make the arabs say it would be difficult. >> the other issue they are demanding is israeli defense

forces. >> that is a new development. how can you have a jewish state if you have troops across the west bank, including the eastern side next to jordan? ,nother thing on the other side the palestinians are demanding right of return. i've always said there's no way israel will agree. they could come to the palestinian new state, but not israel. there may be token ones that could be admitted. i think that palestinians cannot return to israel, but if you , we a legitimate complaint will pay you a modest amount for the property you lost. a do believe that if there is

window opportunity, at some point, because of demographics, it will mean that a two state solution is not possible, and that would be a very difficult proposition for israel to make choices to be a state that it doesn't want to be? >> that is the proposition that 10 years ago, when i was meeting with a large group of palestinian business leaders, i , how many there would pay for a one state solution? almost half raised their hand. a piece iner wrote the new york times calling for that. they see inevitably in the future, the total number of non-jews will be greater than the total number of jews.

that would destroy the possibility of jews themselves calling it a jewish state. be deniedinians will the right to vote on an equal asis -- equal basis. be ather case, it would bad option. the two state solution has been the basis for every piece of evidence that has been made. we ought to stick to it. john kerry and president obama, and the european union community , even the islamic nations, including iran, have voted to accept the two state solution. >> there is also this. syria. formerford, the ambassador to syria, said recently that he is concerned

-- assadd may empower may be in power for a long time. >> i think that is true. >> longer than expected. not trying to say i told you so. but when this altercation war,iorated into a civil and met with the leader of the arab league. assume that it would be almost impossible for assad to be overthrown. the army that was almost unanimously behind him. the christian groups that i knew very well were giving him full support, fearing the consequences if the regime to protect them. i never saw the

possibility that assad will be overthrown. by thes been proposed we haveece negotiator, a limited term for assad. that he put forward proposals that would make it acceptable for the opposition to agree, and that there be an election held where he would be the titular head but parliament would take over. transition soa that he would leave office. for him to be forced out of office in my opinion has never been possible. -- and have the cia suggested

it. >> the opposition has been so fragmented, i don't think we could have found enough rebels to support them. know, the russian and chinese have agreed with what i described. unite states has been the holdout from the beginning. assad must step down first. i don't know the information he has. it was not the same summary that i gave to secretary clinton when she was secretary of state. with myer a message position, different than the one the night it states adopted. who knows. i'm not trying to criticize. lex i'm trying to get your sense of experience.

we assume john kerry wanted your e-mail. or secretary clinton. heavy always felt that the democratic administrations have welcomed you? >> the secretary of state has, very well. clinton, and john kerry. >> rather than through the white house. why? >> it is just been a factor. i can understand some of the problems. i was president, i had two immediate successors, predecessors to work with. richard nixon and gerald ford. they were acquaintances of mine. i kept them briefed until richard nixon said i don't need any more. i'm getting too many. i would say that is the relationship that president

obama has had with his immediate predecessors. i have been out of office 35 years. i am ancient history. >> but you travel around the world. they talk to you. >> that's true. >> it is not like you are holdout in georgia. >> i wanted to talk about them abouti wanted to talk women tonight. >> [indiscernible] >> it has been aggressive since i left office to have an equal relationship with palestinians and arabs on the one side, and israel on the other. we have had some controversial things we have done. regularly with hamas. we have counseled with the palestinians. when i go to israel, i meet with

the leaders of the israeli government. i also meet with palestinians. not politically popular in the united states. i wrote a book that was not very attractive. that may be one reason why we don't consult. [indiscernible] i regret it. i'll rather have a more intimate relationship. i believe my position is represented to the secretary of state. >> q1 a nobel peace prize by the way. >> ire member that. i member that. [laughter] i give them a trip report the day after i return.

so we deal with unsavory people. i go to north korea. i meet with the leaders there. i bring messages back. we can't send an envoy to them. we have met and worked with nepal when they described the united states as terrorist. we go to other places. if i meet with the leader of sudan, because we have many health programs. he can help me with those. we are getting ready to train tens of thousands of health workers in sudan. him, i geto meet requests for caring information to him from the united states government.

you ought to be viewed as an asset then. >> i think that is true to some degree. [laughter] i would want to exaggerate my status. [laughter] >> you do have access. you don't negotiate with your friends. you negotiate with your enemies. >> i go where i wish. i meet with whom i choose. i say what i believe. i fill -- i feel at ease with it. i try not to burden them with positions i have taken publicly. >> i hope you'll be angry with me. you think it has to do with personality, that there is some sense that president carter you'll strongly.

you know what i mean. president reagan, during the eight years he was in office, his national security advisers called on me regularly. there were a number of countries who didn't have good the bill isaac relations. syria was one of them. i went every year. i would you questions asked. he went other places in the world. they called on me. when george h.w. bush got an office, we were involved in the adtran contra scandal -- scandal.ra jim baker, the secretary of state, asked me to represent them to bring peace to nicaragua. when you come back from a sensitive area, quite often george bush senior was sent his plane to bring me to the white house to give him a report on what i had learned.

when president clinton was in office, he authorize me and sam gunn and: powell to go to haiti. i've had good relationships. not personal in political areas. but every time we meet at an mariuswe always are how -- we're always harmonious. we drop anything that might be devices and meet like a fraternity. we greatly respect each other. that is the way i feel that the president that have succeeded me. >> there are those who say the following. idea oftle at the people always saying he's the most popular post-president.

>> i don't bristle at it. i don't object to that. theou think it minimizes things that i said? >> it does. much aremembers how challenge there was around the world. you were in the depths of the cold world. nuclear conflict could have broken out any time. we have not diplomatic relationships with china for 35 years. israel and egypt have been at war three times. >> relationship and not been established at the time you became president. 1972 is when nixon declared shanghai. not led to recognition. , all the rest of

nixon's term, the one china was taiwan. they were out of against nixon for the train the taiwanese or looking at red china as [indiscernible] to have demonic relations with them was another step that i took. i had no china since i was a young person. i went to china before they became national republic. i wentind of ready when to the white house to normalize relationships with china. there were unmet needs. we try to end apartheid in africa. know,e successful, as you in zimbabwe. we declared in south africa it should be one person one vote. we did some difficult things. we kept our country at peace. we enhance the quality of our

military. --errily with electronics primarily with electronics. we had energy policy. >> you are proud of the accomplishments you made. >> i am. s as muchink it raise importance as we have done since when -- since then. >> i had the best batting thatge with the congress any president since lyndon johnson. >> what would you like your epitaph to be? about women's rights. peace and human rights. we kept the peace. whenever dropped a bomb. a bomb.ver dropped we promoted peace for other people around the world. we respected human rights. i think the human rights policy

hadn't incredibly beneficial effect in many parts of the world. president, almost every country in south america was a military dictatorship. chile,uador, peru, uruguay, paraguay. we instituted a very strong human rights policy. 5-6 years, every one of those countries was a democracy. not because of me, because of their awareness that human rights could prevail. they were her role at. -- they were her wrote. -- they were heroic. we encourage the indigenous people to establish a democracy. that was one result.

like thank you. it is a pleasure to have you here. i want to remind our audience that the book is called "a call to action." ♪ >> governor george wallace. strauss died last week. he was 95 years old. president obama called him one of the greatest leaders the democratic party ever had. wase said my strength people. he advised presidents and politicians from both parties with lyndon johnson to ronald reagan, jimmy carter, and both george bush 41-and 43. in 1991, present george h.w. bush appointed him as the first u.s. ambassador to russia after the breakup of the soviet union.

looking back at his life, he claimed to have no regrets about the life he lived, and said i don't have any regrets about anything in my life read i like the whole damn deal. here is a look back at a conversation with bob strauss. >> lyndon johnson use that have intimidated you. >> that is an understatement. called on the phone i would perspire. president johnson is on the phone. her, i'm not going to intimidate me again. i get on the phone, and sure enough johnson would take over. he had my number. >> did anybody else have your number? >> no.

he did. it questionit about are >> he was an intimidating fellow. he knew how to intimidate you. he like to intimidate you. they always say the johnson treatment new the weak spots. he could find it. he could push you. >> he knew that i was intimidated. he never failed to take advantage of it when i could -- took advantage of it when he could. i liked him a lot. he wasn't the most likable man in the world. you can get that from the phone conversations. >> oh yes. you just see it coming out. the charm. he exercised power, as well is anybody. >> as effectively as anyone.

he did it for the right reasons, most of the time. he did it to move programs. watching it up close as i was privileged to do, he was a master. he was determined to get those done. johnson always thought he had a brief time here on earth. he had better take advantage of it. >> civil rights, voting rights, poverty. all kinds of social wealth for -- social welfare. >> he remembered his background. your member what it was like. he was something special. think, why was it he couldn't get his arms around vietnam? he had memberss

, johnson wasara always the smartest man he'd ever known. mcnamara was wrong on that war. johnson was wrong on that war. >> i love the thing that jim wright supposedly said. i don't know the next president will be, but i know who his best friend is going to be. bob strauss. he said that not about jimmy carter, but about somebody else. what is it about you that powerful men are attracted to? toi don't have any desire run for public office. i was nonthreatening. i had a reputation as being loyal. of goodreputation

judgment. >> judgment is what it is about. wax that is the main thing. >> somebody you can trust. , somebody that has good judgment. >> and not in it just for himself. the country is good, and the president's good. >> bob strauss, dated 95 years old. -- dead at 95 years old. ♪

>> this is taking stock for wednesday, march 2014. today's theme is pressure. the federal reserve revealing five banks failed it stress tests, including citigroup. what that reveals about the u.s. banking system. facebook under pressure after it's that on oculus. a robot underwater pressure. we introduce you to the droplet. a roomba for your yard.