>> from our studios in new york city, this is charlie rose. charlie: we begin with a reported hack of millions of personnel records from computers across the federal government. it may be the largest reach ever of u.s. government networks. investigators suspect china is behind the attack, and accusation china denies. more on this, we turn to david sanger the national security correspondent for the "new york times." let me start with the basic question, how serious is this? how much damage does it do? david: as with the first reports

of all cyber attacks, we don't know yet how much damage it did. there is good reason to believe since the office of personnel management, which is the office that handles security clearances and all other personnel man tte forr the federal government told 4 million currents and former employees that they would get free credit reporting. they think they lost a lot of what the is being called personally identifiable information. which at its most benign would be social security numbers and addresses. and that it worst, -- and at its worst answers they gave as they were going through the security clearance process. and that hasn't a of an earlier attack on the office of personnel management last summer. we have seen it directed mostly at those elements at the

department that focused on the security clearances. the big question here, charlie, is what was the motive of the hackers? was this about espionage? was it about getting the data that would give them insight into people who have security clearances, which would be everything from energy people, state department people officers for the intelligence agencies. or is this a criminal group that is trying to amass a huge amount of data and sell it in some way? charlie: who does the investigation of this? david: the investigation is being done by the fbi and the department of homeland security which is responsible for attacks on u.s. soil. but as soon as there is a chinese dimension to it, and here we think it may be a chinese group operating from southern china just north of hong kong who may have also been responsible based on the

signatures of this attack for the attacks on anthem and primera and some of the other health-care administrators. we think this could well involve the nsa and others, because once you get into hacking that begins abroad then you need the nsa's ability to track back into those networks. charlie: do we assume that if they came from the chinese government or if it came from within china, the chinese government would know? david: not necessarily. a lot of chinese attacks seem to be state-sponsored. and certainly, those that came out of the people's liberation army and that famous unit we have discussed many times before unit 61398, which was the unit i did a lot of the theft of intellectual property there is no doubt that it was state-sponsored. but in this case, it could be criminal groups.

it could be groups that the chinese government knows about but does not really try to stop. it could be proxies of some other kind. that is what makes this kind of thing so difficult. because if you don't know for sure that it is a state-sponsored attack the way the u.s. said it was in the north korea/sony case for example, then they can say what they said just a few hours ago, you have hackers and criminals on your soil and we have hours on our soil, and one day, someone will have to take care of this. charlie: some have suggested that it might be -- if you understood how to go about these security checks you might better be able to play some old. david: you might be able to play ce a mole, or out an

informant work your way into the state department. there are all kinds of possibilities. and you might blackmail someone as well. once you know someone's a social security number and era dress you can figure out where their kids are, what the spouse does. there are all kinds of reasons. that is why it is so worrisome. there was an inspector general's report that came out of little more than a year ago about the office of personnel management that was pretty searing in its description of sloppy cyber practices. and in fact, suggested that they suspend some elements of their site into lake and get it cleaned up. i think one of the big questions -- until they could get it cleaned up. i think one of the questions the coming days will be what they did when they got that report and how quickly did they implement changes? i think you will discover that they implemented some changes

and had not gotten to others. that is exactly what happened to the nsa when they were rolling out security changes, but has not gotten to hawaii yet, and it turned out edward snowden was operating out of hawaii. charlie: does this have any relation to what we believe was the russian hacking that leyland to some of president obama's -- i guess it was e-mails. david: right now does not seem to be connected, but it's fascinating that china and russia have both felt free to engage in what you could only describe as "short of war" activities. cyber activities are not an on and off switch like a missile or other conventional movement. they are more like turning up or down the heat in your home. you can do some relatively low to medium level hacks and know

that it's unlikely a country will retaliate against you very strongly. charlie: do we assume the u.s. government is doing the same thing or not? david: we certainly assume the u.s. government is doing a fair bit of national security buying against russia, and that certainly includes hacking. and we know from the snowden documents a few things. we know there are over 100,000 implants in computer networks around the world. those implants can be used for surveillance will stop -- for surveillance. they can be used to detect incoming now where. they are a sort of early warning radar for an attack on the u.s., but they could also be used for attacks themselves. the way to think about them is, think about a port that the doctor might put in a patient to a minister chemotherapy or something. it is there and you can use it for all sorts of purposes.

the u.s. has some of the most sophisticated cyber capabilities, if not the most sophisticated, of any nation on earth. the u.s. would also say, but look, we do not go gather up personal data about nongovernment officials. we do not steal intellectual property and may give them to our state owned companies, because we do not have state-owned companies. we use this for national security purposes. every country defines its national security differently, and that is why it has been difficult to make progress here. and only a year ago exactly this month that the justice department indicted five peoples of the people's liberation army for some of those intellectual property theft. what does that do? it shut down a lot of the dialogue between the u.s. and china. i'm not saying it's a bad thing to indict them, but it's a difficult into retaliate without stopping diplomacy. charlie: and i missing anything

overall about the subject of hacking and information flow? david: what is important for most people to understand is that while they hear a lot about hacking and a lot about their own personal information and are worried about it -- whether it is target or home depot, or j.p. morgan chase, or this office of personnel management -- you have to think about these attacks in different ways. some are criminal. some are aimed at gaining personal data for reasons we don't understand. and some are strategic. some are aimed at our core defense systems and are meant to be part of an escalation of conflict. if you go back and look at where most of the attacks -- not all of them, but where most of the attacks that are state-sponsored we are worried about they come from four countries. they come from china, russia iran, and north korea.

two of those are old superpower rivals that either out of weakness in russia's case, or strength in china's case, are looking for new ways to deal with the united states. two of them are states that had ambitions, and in north korea's case success, in building up an infrastructure -- a nuclear infrastructure and have discovered that the fiber is a much more usable weapon. -- cyber is a much more usable weapon. that tells us we have a level of challenge that is with us long after any iran nuclear agreement, long after what happens next with the next north korea nuclear missile test. and in some ways it's harder to handle. because the barrier to entry in cyber weaponry is very low. it is cheap and hard to deter. charlie: david sanger of the "new york times" thank you very much. we will be right back. stay with us. ♪

charlie: ken friedman was a successful music executive with networks aryans in the food world, and then he decided to open a restaurant after jamie oliver introduced him to april bloomfield. he knew he found his partner. they opened their restaurant the

following spring and a decade later, "the new yorker" has called it the place to go for celebrities to feel like normal people and normal people to feel like celebrities. here is a look. ken: i've put on -- i've spent my life putting on shows and clubs. restaurants are like clubs for grown-ups. you still mingle with new people , but you eat instead of do drugs. it is like my midlife crisis and it is made for people who don't decide where to go until five minutes before. and don't dress up. i'm wearing a jacket now, but no big deal.

when i decided i wanted to quit the music business and devote my energy and what bit of money i had to opening the spotted pig i knew i needed a good chef. april: i got a call from him, hey, do you want to do this of a new york? and i was like, i don't know new york at all. i don't know who you are. i'm listening and ready to try something new. ken: she just really believes and respects the ingredients and she believes that if you only have three or four on the plate, make each one the best possible. the way i took it home, the way i cook in the hamptons, it's like i learned from her. just get the best ingredients. april: the other thing is can i think it's just a casual setting. we have an amazing place with

great energy. people can he delicious food in a casual, relaxed environment. ken: most of us get obsessed with certain things and april can, too. right now, she's obsessed with chickens. april: i am. ken: at first it was pigs, for both of us. april: i like for us to feed off each other. and not just ken, but staff, too. ken: i have done a couple of things without her and i've realized i don't want to do anything without her. she is a great partner to have and i'm more proud of what we are doing when she is the one making the food. charlie: i used to live about a block away from the spotted pig and it became my home away from home. when i would come in late, there was always a place where i could sit down by myself. you and i became great friends. ken: and you were on charles street, which you.

april: [laughter] ken: and full disclosure, the one-time time you didn't get a table, i had to the egg you to come back. i had to bring you a bottle of wine and cower. now we have a carpenter on site on salary to build one if there is not one for you. charlie: [laughter] and that is what you said, that you like that people feel they belong there and will find your place to sit. ken: the real vips are the people who live in it will end all the time. -- live in the neighborhood, and that will come in all the time. if you bend over backwards for someone who's not there all the time, they will see that and not come back. when you lived a block away, we would do that for you. now you are of town and to heck with you. april: we loved having you there. charlie: here is a guy who

decides he wants to own a restaurant and therefore, he knows mario batali. he knows something about restaurants. and then the idea of you came from whom? the idea of april. ken: was it mario? -- the idea of april. was it mario? ken: no, i think he suggested james and then peter. peter didn't want to do it. april: and then jamie gave my number two ken. charlie: and mario and ken took you around to about half a dozen places. and about halfway before -- halfway through that to her you were sold. ken: i was sold before because number one, new to one of us know how to e-mail. we were like bumbling idiot.

april: yeah, "did you receive it?" "no, i didn't. -- didn't." ken: we both have the worst direction in the world. i was already sold. april: i'm usually kitchen, back of house. but i have a lot to do with the plate wherein things. we kind of just bounced ideas off, really. charlie: and you are the person who is there come out front knowing and making sure everything is ok. ken: yeah, and sometimes a lot less, and sometimes a lot more. charlie: and doing the planning ahead and deserts of things either for new restaurants, or how to make writing a -- spotted pig dinner. ken: and to make sure that each play that goes out to the people who chose to go to a restaurant

is perfect. i sometimes suffer from the getting bored with the things we do now and want to do the next thing. it's important to say, no, we committed to this one. let's focus. april: that's the best thing about our relationship. if ken had his way he would be opening 20 restaurants per year. charlie: why 20? april: probably 100. but we ground each other and i think those are the best elements. we know that and we play with it. charlie: you have a lot of ideas about how to cook and you probably send them right to her don't you? ken: never. never, ever. april: apparently, he had the best -- he cooks the best chicken liver, but i've never eaten at. charlie: didn't he send you an -- an e-mail, a memo that said what about this? april: it was for kosher hotdogs

and tofu burgers. and i was like, i think you have the wrong person. ken: she said, not the right person for you if what you want is tofu dogs and things. i was trying to lose weight and be healthy. you do not go to a real chef and say, can you come up with a tofu dog, you just don't do that. charlie: what is a gastro pub? april: it was these clubs from the early 1990's that were going out of business. they put a chef in there and created these exciting, warm environments for you to hang out with your friends every night. ken was slightly assessed with those and i think wanted to create this place where he could bring his friends -- slightly upset with those and wanted to create this place where he could bring his friends. charlie:? as the menu changed april: -- has the menu changed? april: i don't think so.

we still have the same basic things on there. charlie: did you want to call it the prodigal pig? yeah. ken: -- prodigal pig? ken: yeah. but most my friends did not know what it meant and the spotted pig became the name. april loved it and my advisor loved it. it has worked. charlie: you went from pig in the beginning and then chicken. and now this book is about vegetables. a girl and her greens. april: i love vegetables. charlie: is that a new affair? april: no, a very long affair. i grew up with my nan cooking

vegetables. you have to go to the pig to know that i do have this love affair, not just with pig, but with vegetables. i wanted to show this other side of me with the book. charlie: you and ruthie were a powerful combination. april: yes, with rose. i had a great time. i was running shifts and writing menus. i was right in my element, but i was ready for a different experience and i wanted to eat different food and meet new people. ken offered me this opportunity. and i think for him, it was kind of his midlife crisis. we jumped and held hands together and created this new thing. charlie: your midlife crisis? ken: i had a classic midlife crisis. i was in the music business and i was kind of bored. i was the guy who threw the parties and took chicken liver and lobster tacos and people

kept saying, you should open a restaurant. and you think, yeah right. but then i thought, why don't i try it? i didn't want to be the guy who looks back on his life and said i wish i would have done the thing i wanted to do. how bad could it be? i didn't have kids or a wife or a mortgage. i could live for a couple of years on the money i had a. although i did spend it all on a budget for the paid -- pig. charlie: the music business is part of the clientele that comes there, whether it is jay-z or bono or whoever. you have deep friendships in the music business. ken: yeah. i didn't know i would find someone as great as able, but i wanted a chef to be involved with the food. -- as great as april, but i wanted a chef to be involved with the food. i did not want everyone to hang

around for six months and then move onto the next big thing. charlie: and the way you did that was to have a good chef in the kitchen. ken: yeah. you say, i want to go have chinese or indian food. you don't say, i want to go see some celebrities. when people come back again it's for the great food and cocktail list and wine and all that stuff. charlie: and you are 50% partners. april: yes. charlie: did he walk in and say i want to give you 50% because you are indispensable to me? april: no, i asked him what he felt i deserved. i approached him to be equal partners. i think you have to value your work. you know, value your cell. can appreciate what we do. and he said no problem. charlie: no-brainer. ken: it was no negotiation.

she said, think we are equal partners and i said, yes, we are. then the lawyers of the paperwork and stuff. it was pretty simple. charlie: the expansion, you started john doerr he at one location on the 11th. that didn't last long. ken: eight months. charlie: how can you too, being as smart as you are, screw it up? april: every person makes a bad judgment once a while and i think we should have listened to our in. -- our instincts. i didn't really speak up and i think i was too much in the background and i didn't like this base and i didn't like the area. i have to take full responsibility for that. now i do speak up. that was my learning curve through the failure of the first john doerrry. charlie: and the first thing you

do when you realize you've made a mistake is to cut your losses and get out as fast as you can. april: yes, and that is what we did. in the second was the fish restaurant. we finally got a space on the corner of 29th and broadway. charlie: and then the breslin came along was or was that before? ken: the breslin was right before we close the first john d ory. and then there was this great hotel that we had love forever. he said, coming to new york and doing an ace hotel, this huge 300 room hotel on the corner of touring and then broadway. and we thought, 29th and broadway, really? and he said, just come and look. they were amazing buildings there. we had never done any big success. we still were looking our wounds

from one restaurant that had just closed. and he said, we are doing 24 hour room service and a lobby. so we did it, and it has been amazing for us. charlie: and you put johndory next door. ken: closed the one and there was a lease available and they got it worked out. people in america think british seafood is fish and chips. they don't live there is a great tradition of british seafood. we made it and oyster bar. april: a bit more casual, and the great people watching space. right on the corner. charlie: and then salvation taco. april: that was a detour, but a project that ken kind of made a deal with. i don't know, i was ready for a change, i think.

who doesn't love tacos? charlie: and then there is pasta in san francisco. how did that happen? ken: posco to --sco -- tosco was this legendary place i could never get into. charlie: it seems the ambience and the physical property, you cannot make a restaurant if you have bad food. on the other hand, if you have good food, it can enhance the restaurant. april: you can turn something good into something great. charlie: i was talking to danny meyer the day and he was talking about fine dining casual, that was the phrase he used. does that make sense to you? april: i think so, yeah. charlie: give us a sense of how you see where the restaurant world is. april: right now, i think people want a relaxing environment. i don't think they want all of

the frills. but i think they want the attention to detail. i think they want that kind of refined food on the plate, the refined glasses, but not 12 glasses or 10 sets of cutlery. or somebody's standing there i think they want that pared down and just refined and agile. charlie: are you growing as a chef? april: all the time. i grow despite -- i watch what -- i watch my chefs interact. by going out to eat, traveling doing events with other chefs. seeing different stuff and being open. charlie: is it exciting for you to fire up the stove and do something that comes to heart and mind? april: it is the

smell, the site, the touch. if i don't like it, that is the day i'm going to stop it. i have been doing this for a long time. i have been cooking since i was 16. never a dull moment. i'm not one of those people. i have as much passion and fire as i did when i was 16. i love the fact that i still have that and i hope it comes through with the people i work with. charlie: what is your ambition? ken: to keep excited, to keep doing projects that are exciting

or new. not just to re-create stuff. charlie: he's obviously very good at this. what is it he has? april: i'm still try to figure it out. charlie: to know can is to love him. i'm serious. you have that quality, it's not just me. you know if you were in trouble he would be there for you you know if you have a special requirement he would be there to help you. therefore he has a personality so when you come in there you get to see him. april: he's very charismatic. charlie: charismatic. ken: i'm talking right here. -- i'm right here.

charlie: you chose a great partner. ken: i'm good at choosing partners and friends. charlie: there's breslin, now in san francisco. more to come. this is a big project. ken: this company rose associates, they are renovating this building. it is the seventh tallest building in new york. four floors. charlie: this a big deal. are you up for this? that's the only reason it becomes exciting because you are

in over your head. charlie: good luck. back in a moment. stay with us.

charlie: richard lewis is here. the chicago tribune called him one of the most audacious wordsmiths decide of lenny bruce.

his therapist the late comedian said lewis proves you don't have to institutionalize a psychotic. he released a box set of his work called bundle of nerves. he has now created a book. richard lewis's guide how not to live. i am pleased to have richard lewis. richard: i'm pleased to be here. charlie: tell me about you and him and how you came to admire him. richard: a friend when i was three or four introduced me to call in. soon after that larry david got him a studio. i end up bulk buying 30 or 40 of his paintings. he is so understood the way he

paints my mind, good or bad. i'm going to call you up and anything that tickles your fancy -- which is a phrase i've never used on television. diane sure ted. it's not a bad name for a jazz song. i called him up and we got the book together by a wonderful editor. now it is a powerhouse books. 50 images. he just demolished me. charlie: this one works. and it did work.

richard: thank you, i think it did work. he's a happy man right now. we had this connection for 35 years and i didn't have the greatest upbringing. i wasn't molested were abused that emotionally i felt tethered to nothing. i was all a loan. he used to come to all my shows and on tv and oh my concerts. he would understand the need the darkness was another layer of darkness. he was able to illustrate this in this book. charlie: take me through the coming attraction at here's the image we can see on this -- on the screen now.

richard: my nightmares are coming attractions. he would do it. that is a slight joke but not enough of a joke. charlie: the worst audience i never -- i ever had a my parents. richard: we had to edit the book, of course. my mother was ill. she had a lot of problems. my dad died before i became a committee him, but they were never around. my brother was a beatnik who was lying on fourth. my sister eloped when i was 12. i was alone with my mother. it was like a you -- like a neil simon eugene o'neill house together.

when i saw this i never expected it. i remember asking a lyricist. when you gave your poem of 30 years to larry book he says he never let me down. carl never let me down. every time i saw it i went -- the flags and the kites arch it be. charlie: you call him up. how soon do you see him? weeks? months? richard: it averaged about a month. i was never disappointed. when i saw the mousetrap i said that's me. charlie: the next one is, what a

shame love is a two-way street. richard: i have been a recovering addict for 20 years and i was a mess. no longer an addict. alcohol and drugs and coke is not managing me anymore for 20 years. my wife never saw me loaded. i think it was the media made him -- media maven saying communication is a two-way street. it was a shame my narcissism got in the way of a relationship. particularly as a drug addict i had to be right all the time. charlie: i used to think topical

depression were my relative in florida. richard: that is a joke obviously. they just didn't get me. such a small percentage. i was tethered on to nothing. i felt it was easy to understand that one even though i was doing well in the early 70's. it was a different deal. i must have gone to manhattan. new jersey for a while and i broke up with my college girlfriend.

back then in the 70's, all the iconic comedians all of these guys were on stage. he said how can i to this? how can i make a living at this? i'm not going to milk a cow. and i never gave up. it was good. guys like steve allen, who i was a private -- i was a friend with come he would see my set and say you got it. you got a work on this 20 you can become a star. people like that -- charlie: did you admire?

richard: eyelets and to lenny bruce's album where i graduated. he was already dead. he died the night i bottomed out. i was all up in my house doing crystal meth for about 10 days. i looked like a jewish -- who had that hotel and vegas? i looked like howard hughes very thin rabbi. people came over, are you going to die? i was in denial. true friends did. the doctor said, what are you doing?

i said i'm dying, it's over. that was it. charlie: you have to tie yourself up to do that. richard: there are different types of programs and i had friends who are horrible junkies. if they can clean themselves up -- that is the good part of having a lot of friends. if this guy was a chunky in quebec 18 times -- the cocaine came last. she experimented. she said you are so mean on booze, nicer on ecstasy. charlie: your clean now? richard: of 20 years. charlie: look at this one. how the you draw that? there it is. richard: that was putting myself down in front of my wife.

it's really odd being with someone for 17 years -- i don't want to go overboard on this. i wouldn't have a lot of things. it's all over. i get a kick out of saving it. i see guys line down like this. i know he is saying -- that makes me feel good.

the actors were diane lane's, faye dunaway. it is never ending. i went over to a dramatic actor. i auditioned for the role and got it. i was doing a letterman show. he broke down and cried. i was only sober for months. i was staying at this one hotel lot for 10 years. he was a junkie. i said give me the worst room

that you would give to a neo-nazi. give me a horrible room. i said take all the furniture out. i brought a picture of lenny bruce and jimi hendrix and put it over my bed. peter cohen, who directed it, he came in and wanted me to audition some actors who had smaller roles. and he walks in, and like an addict who feels he is even the greatest or the worst human being on the planet i said get someone else. you don't need me. i'm an alcoholic. he looked around this room which looked like gitmo with pictures of lenny and hendrix. if we get to it i can tell you some people that started what comedy is all about.

he laughed, he says you are an alcoholic. what a shock that is. i was only sober a little bit. i was so raw. i was freaked every time it went to the set. charlie: was their time you thought you had a great opportunity to be a great actor? richard: what happened to me is i remember that year, it was talking heads. if that was on air force one maybe. probably would have made $200 million. they are just astounding. just unbelievable.

i will miss so many. i was in the first scene of losing las vegas. i said fine, i read the script. i said if he nails this nick cage is going to win an oscar. and he did you i'm sitting outside. i have a degree in business and i fired 300,000 agents and managers. i like you who i have now, you happy? he's practicing his different levels of alcoholism. i said what i love to plan alcoholic and two months later i have one for trunks. the same year i did a special

which got great reviews. things that were never shown before. it is a really cool package. it has stuff that people like me have never seen. for some reason, agents who are fired say i am making a lot of money as a standup. i'm not going to be daniel day-lewis -- annual day-lewis in lincoln but i can play that. i can play a gangster. charlie: so david letterman leaves the scene. richard: he set a precedent to maybe say -- maybe save my standup career.

we've had funny stories. once i was on a plane going to paris. i was with my ex-girlfriend. i had a lot of nervous tics. he's there on the island first class. if you continue to stare at cars you are dead. he's right here. i keep staring at him for five hours. i went over to him and said johnny, i'm humiliated. i have a lot of tics. i wish it was one of the stooges.

he said it was cool. teed up things about carson and letterman that are very crucial to me, -- two things about carson and letterman, i had this monologue. you have 5.5 minutes. then you sit down. i was doing a division of motor vehicles i was doing for a decade. i couldn't wait for to get to carson. young comics should know this you do one tonight, one talkshow, it's like doing a nightclub in manhattan three times a night for a full house. you better not walk through it you better take every six minutes seriously. i was doing my monologue and i was killing it in burbank, which is normally a pretty square audience.

i see this stage manager go under the camera and go wrap it up. i was thinking if i wrap it up i will never get the show again because i didn't finish half the monologue. if i stay on it will be the longest monologue in history which it was. i said i will never get the show again. if people say how come you are not on with johnny, i say unto funny. as i walked back, the segment producer said, you will never get this show again. i knew i did the right thing. carson saw me be great. i go to the palma, where i used to go after tonight show screen there is carson -- tonight show's. there is carson with his ex lawyer. what a billion to one shot. i dart over like jack ruby. i got on my knees and let my

case. i told him what i told you. i didn't want him to think i didn't know what a monologue was. the next day i get a call from a rather nasty tempered producer and he went, you are a lucky man. you are back to business with johnny. what letterman said, i've seen your tonight show's. some aren't. he said this to me before he got his late-night show in 81. he might forget this. he said you can write for me and still do standup bit of -- standup. he says you come on my show as often as you want but never do standup on television ever. you are too physical. charlie: larry david basically says --

know that you are way ahead of the game. thank you, richard. good to see you. richard: could see you. -- good to see you. ♪

angie: eu leaders divert an exit from the euro. pushing emerging stocks into their longest nosedive in 25 years. welcome to first up, i am angie lau coming up to you live right here in hong kong