purina one. this next clip had us all holding our breath and you have to stop to watch this. whatever you're doing. this video from inside a police cruiser shows the violent end of a police chase and look closely as the suv flips over, a toddler is thrown from the vehicle. even the police are stunned. the child only had minor injuries and this has to be the luckiest moment of the week. so besides the fact that this girl survived this horrific crash, why is the toddler involved in a police chase anyway. she was in a car with a group of teens accused of being part of an armed robberies. two of the teens are the girl's parties. just because you have kuds doesn't mean you should. from the cnn world headquarters

in amendment, i'm don lemon, thanks for watching. welcome to a gps special. global lessons, the gps road map for making generation work. immigrants founded america hundreds of years ago in search of freedom and opportunity in pursuit of the american dream. today, many americans see imgrants as a danger to that dream. they worry immigrants are taking their jieshs and using government services and changing the country's national identity. the average american believes that 39% of the u.s. population was born abroad. the real figure is 13%. still, the highest level since 1920. immigration is devicive. a wedge issue in this election year. but most americans, 73% of americans, agree that the government is doing a poor job of managing immigration.

new york city mayor michael bloombburg calls our approach suicidal. so how should we handle immigration? does anyone do it better? in this hour, and in a "time magazine" essay, we'll journey to japan, europe and canada. we'll find out what they're doing right, what they're doing wrong and what we can learn. first, let's visit a country with one of the strictest immigration policies in the world. a place that has tight control of its borders, few illegal immigrants and a strong, coherent national identity. what are the effects of keeper foreigners out? let's get started. >> japan's economy was once the envy of the world. now, it's limping along

projected to grow less than 2% a year over the next five years. here's one possible reason. the nation's population is shrinking dramatically. japan's current population is around 127 million. it's on pace to be just 90 million by 2050. a drop off of almost a third. the nation is also ageing. almost 1 in 4 people are 65 or older, making japan the oldest country on earth. >> by 2040, the median age in japan will be higher than the median age in palm springs. a retirement resort. >> robert guest is the author of "borderless economics." a fascinating read on migration and the world economy. japan's aging society --

>> it's incredible. they don't have the people to command the schools. can you imagine, society is that old that they have so few young active brains coming out with new ideas? >> there's a simple solution, he says. open the borders and invite more immigrants. but japan has historically been closed off to outsiders. it has a foreign-born population of less than 2%, six times smaller than america's percentage. >> they don't have the idea that you can become japanese. and they don't have the idea that you can solve some of the country's chronic labor problems by import, foreign hands. >> in the health care sector, japan is estimated to be short almost 900,000 workers by 2025. it started to invite foreign nurses, including this nurse from indonesia. she arrived four years ago in japan but before she could start

practicing she had to endure months of training. with no guarantee that she could stay. japan's nursing proficiency exam is notoriously difficult. >> they expect them to have a totally unrealistic level of expertise and written japan's which is, frankly, very difficult to learn. >> since 2008, over six foreign nurses have come and only six have passed the test. and she was one of the lucky few. >> translator: i was really happy but on the other hand, i thought, that's really terrible. my friends over here, they didn't pass, even though we studied together. >> japan's health ministry has made the test easier adding some english translations. but critics still say, it is unreasonable.

>> they should be good enough that they are able to communicate verbally with people and they are able to read the words that they need to know for the tools o'of their trade. and it worked perfectly well in other countries. >> what's more, it isn't just foreign workers who are running into trouble. in some cases, it's immigrants who have been living in japan for decades. in 1990, facing a labor shortage, they gave them long-term resident status filling gaps in their work. >> we don't want to let foreigners. there are some people that are kinds of japanese maybe we should let them come in so they let in some people from brazil into that he became the third largest minority in japan. but in 2009, with unemployment running high japan actually offered them money to leave the country. $3,000 for each worker and

$2,000 for each dependent to cover travel expenses. these two have lived in japan for over two decades. their three daughters were all born here. >> translator: i thought for my part, they didn't need people like me here anymore. >> to add insult to injury, anyone who took the offer couldn't come back to jierp with the resident status they once had. the flight was essentially a one-way ticket. the government says it was only trying to help unemployed japanese-brazilians. they stopped offering the deal and are reconsidering the resident status of those that took the money. so far, nothing has changed. >> they have this crazy idea if you pay these people to go away that will make everyone else richer but that's simply not true. >> so if japan won't let in immigrants what is it doing about its labor shortage?

it's encouraging families to have more children. giving them $165 a month for each child. but that hadn't been enough to inspire a growth spurt. another solution? they're even going through the stage of saying, well, if we can't get any actual human beings to look after our old people we'll have to try to design robots who can do it. is that an adequate alternative to the human touch? >> so far, i think not. >> if japan suffers a cost for not taking in immigrants, the next place we'll visit, carried out one of the most dramatic migration experiments in history. how is it doing? find out next. [ male announcer ] citi turns 200 this year.

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in blueberry/pomegranate and peach. refreshing nutrition in charge! japan's closed-off approach to immigrants is a losing strategy. and their economy is suffering for it. europe faces a similar demographic crisis. but it is trying a more open approach to immigration. how is that going? it's easy to forget that the european union itself is one of the most ambitious migration experiments in history.

half a billion people are allowed to roam freely within the eu's borders. many predikted that swarms of people from poorer nations like poland and rumania would move to rich countries like germany and france. that never happened. only 3% of working-age eu sit 12340iz citizens live in a different eu country. but they have not dealt well with imgrants from outside its borders. there's been a nasty political backlash. with anti-immigrant parties live toing in greece, the netherlands and france. rather than rejecting these extremists, europe's mainstream politicians have pandered to them. former president nicolas sarkozy, chancellor age

llaangela merkel is a fail you're. >> they all agree multiculturalism is dead. amazing they agree on that but they don't agree when it comes to the euro and other issues. >> born in germany to tierkish migrant workers is now the head of the country's left-leaning green party. >> translator: if you say we're not a multicultural society it automatically forces me to ask, so what are we then? a one-color society? certainly not. yooirng anybody really wants to go back to the '50s. >> one person who does, a former board member of germany's central bank. in 2010 he released an antiimmigration rant called "germany does away with itself." i don't want the country of my grandchildren and great grandchildren to be largely muslim, he wrote. if i want to experience that, i can just take a vacation to the

orient. the book was a run-away bestseller. >> and that, i think, was a clear warning to the political class, to the elite of this country, that's out there. something is growing which is not very nice. >> it's not just words. violence against immigrants is a big concern in germany. one particularly horrific act in the '90s, inspooired him to run for office. a turkish woman's home was fire-bombed killing five of her family members. i met her. >> i promised to myself, in the next year in parliament which was elected in 1994, somebody from that community has to be represented. >> he became the first ethnic turkish member of parliament at age 28. now we he helps his nation to answer a very basic question. what does it mean to be german?

>> can you be a german and have a head scarf at the same time? can you be a german and practice islam at the same time? and after 9/11, that became more different. >> germany's government has made an effort to better integrate muslims with the rest of the population, meeting with muslim leaders at an i'll german-islam conference since 2006. and there's an intriguing effort in one of the nation's universities to reach out to germany's imam's. this doctor, a professor of religious studies interviewed hundreds of imams and found that the vast majority of them are immigrants and don't speak german but the radical imams often do speak the language like the ultraconservatives. >> fundamentalists groups, for example, are very, very attractive for youth people

because they can speak german. they know the reality of the muslim teenagers. >> so he started a program for moderate imams to help them better understand germany. this an imam from lubey, is learning about germany's education and health care systems along with other aspects of german life and he hopes to apply that knowledge to help the people in his mosque. >> translator: you have to also explain that life here in germany is different from the life in their home country. >> other imams in the program have taken field trip to the loirch for a civic's lesson and visited a synagogue to learn about judaism. they've gained a much deeper understanding of germany's culture. >> it's a learning process for both sides. for muslim communities and for the government and for the german society, of course. >> germany is certainly making

strides. but throughout europe, immigrants feel alienated and the native-born population feels overwhelmed by foreign influences. is there any nation out there that's getting immigration right? we'll show you one when we come back. also, get a free flight.

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if japan's strict immigration policy serves as a cautionary tale and europe's experiment is still a work in progress, then perhaps the next country on this gps road trip is a place that's getting it right. i'm talking about canada. a nation with more foreign-born per capita than america. a nation that now has the most successful set of immigration policies in the world. if you have never been to calgary, you might know it for its annual stampede. ten days of cowboys, rodeos. last year, the royals and, of course, its muslim cowboy-hat wearing mare. what? who? >> the great thing about calgary is nobody thinks it's funny that a guy that looks like me in a

cowboy hat is sometimes the image of this city. people just accept that. >> when nahad became the first muslim mayor of a major canadian city in 2010, he shattered calgary's red neck stereotype. >> when i was running for office, it was only people who were not from here who said whoa? is calgary ready for a mayor like that? the people from calgary said it's a kid from the east end. we know him. >> and calgary is getting ready to see new faces. erica had 7 years of work experience in her native, columbia. bogota, colombia. >> i was looking for opportunities for my career. >> she lives in calgary now and is a project engineer for a con consulting firm in the oil and gas business. an industry that's booming throughout western canada. >> i was looking for a better quality of life.

different quality of life and being born in a multicultural society with equal opportunities for everybody. >> canada may not have the cachet the u.s. does, but the economist business editor robert guest says it holds great appeal for would-be immigrants. >> canada offers many of the same things that america does. very high standard of living. the root of law, peace, safety. >> canada is even more appealing to immigrants with something to offer. a hard-to-find skill or advanced degree. >> and they decided to cherry pick. you know, we're a rich country. we can attract the best and the brightest from the rest of the world. >> to determine who it should let in to live and work, canada uses a point system. you don't need a job or an employer, just skills. applicants are awarded points for proficiency in education, languages and job experience. just why is canada so ready to

accept imgrants with open arms? because it has to be. the nation is sparsely populated, has a low birthrate and needs immigrants for population growth and economic growth. >> we have to build something here in the canadian prairie. >> in canada, almost two-thirds of permanent visas last year were given for economic's needs. canada's economic needs, that is. the country brings in the majority of foreigners to fill the labor holes. only 22% of its immigration was for family needs. reuniting mothers with children, brothers with sisters, grandparents with grandchildren. in the united states, the opposite is true. only 13% of green cards last year were dolled out for economic reasons while two-thirds were for family reunions. >> grandparents are important. you need them. but also having skilled trades people and people who are skilled in more professions

where we have labor demand. >> but of course booming industries can go bust. who gets hired and who gets fired can be unpredictable. the canadian government funds programs like this one at bow valley college. >> we know you guys have those skills but it's those other skills that we know are different from one country to another. >> erica rodriguez is a recent graduate. >> i came here with the same hopes you have. >> she now works at a consulting firm in the oil and gas industry and looks forward to officially becoming canadian. canada's real challenge, says the mayor, is ensuring the economic and social integration of imgrants once they're living in the country. >> it's not about berkas or care pads.

it'sbility an engineer working as an engineer of a janitor as quickly as possible. these are very serious challenges. and we haven't got it it right. >> and they generally support immigration. >> it's unambiguously good for the economy. we know the folks come and invest here and create jobs and work here. there's not much of a policy debate on that in canada. >> while the prime minister of great britain, the former president of france and the chancellor of germany have all declared in their context, multiculturalism has failed. that's not so in canada, says the mayor. >> i'm not here to question their reality. it's their reality. but i think it's important for us can needians, and particularly for the people of calgary to tell a story loudly and proudly about a place where it works. where diversity works for mull i

can cu-- multiculturalism. i it ain't rocket squiens. they can iran laugh at it on "little mosque on the prayer." it's not utopia. but the best thing about that show is that in the bets canadian tradition it shows when you screw it up and you misinterpret somebody you get to laugh about it. >> that's it. >> i think that's a great, great metaphor for how this country works. >> canada's economy is live thissing because it actively seeks immigrants to fill labor gaps and then grants the immigrants the full benefits and opportunities of being canadian. up next -- why new york city mayor michael bloomberg thinks our immigration policy is a national suicide. with the spark miles card from capital one,

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what would america look like today if we told some of our imgrants like albert einstein to get lost. you don't have to be a nuclear physicist we would be much worse off yet, every year the u.s. turns down educated, entrepreneur i'll immigrants. one man says that's national

suicide. >> let's just suck it up and deal with the issue rather than sit there and point finger. >> michael bloomberg, the mayor of new york and a billion're businessman, has made immigration one of his signature issues. >> you look at the danger of the current approach we have to immigration as quite substantial economically in terms of our competitive -- >> the biggest economic issue facing this country. >> bloomberg points out that immigrantion have always been prolific job creators in america. look at the nation's fortune 500 companies, including google, yahoo! and intel. >> always an influx of new immigrants to carry on and to lead and to piesh and now we're trying to stop it. >> for example, the cap on after occasions every year kwhor a temporary work visa geared towards high-skilled foreign

workers was 195,000 in 2003. since 2005, it's been only 85,000 per year. in 2008, the cap was filled in just one day. >> my fellow graduates -- >> what's more, we're not only rejecting entrepreneurs, we're turning away tomorrow's scientists. >> we let in lots of people from all over the world to study at american universities, particularly in science and engineering. and then, we throw them out. >> we don't give them a green card and they have to leave and so they take all of the benefits of the greatest university in graduate school education any place in the world. >> foreign students at american universities received over half of all doctorates in engineering, math, computer science and economics. and we desperately need their skills. bhooimpb companies are struggling to fill over 3.5 million job openings.

many of which are in science and technology. >> we're deliberately driving away people that are starting to do businesses and these new businesses are starting elsewhere and you will never get those back. >> case in point? meet this young man, a 28-year-old entrepreneur from india. his dream was to start a tech company in silicon valley. he got an engineering degree and a business degree from the university of pennsylvania. and a job at microsoft in seattle. >> my plan was to work at microsoft for two to three years, a lot of experience and to silicon valley, work with a start up for maybe two or three years and then start my own company. >> he says microsoft applied for a woirk visa on his behalf so he could stay on there after his student visa ran out but he was rejected, despite his ivy league degrees. >> if they want me here i would love to be here because i can learn a lot.

but if it's going to be that regard for me i'm better off going back to india and starting a company now than waiting five years in the u.s. >> so he went back to new delhi and started a website out of his bedroom, snap deal.com. two years after its launch the site is expected to generate $100 million in revenue in 2012 alone. >> we built one of the largest e-commerce in the country. pierm refer to us as the amazon of india. >> they have created around 1500 jobs and counting. and the future looks bright. he expects to go public in a couple years in the united states. but the jobes he will create will all be in india. you don't have to go halfway around the world to see america's brain drain. >> you'll find big branches of all the west coast companies in canada. why? because the engineers can't get

in to america to work at their west coast facilities. >> so these guys to, say, the university of california, berkeley, in engineering and can't stay in america so they go to canada? >> correct. >> and worg for mean companies in canada. >> and pay canadian taxes. under the present bloomberg administration, what will it look like. >> the way to create jobs for americans to bring in entrepreneurials who have skills and those that come here for education and have skims and make sure they stay. >> mayor bloomberg has created a require bipartisan coalition to fix immigration called "the partnership for the any mooirn econo american economy." and iran rupert murdoch.

>> you attach a green card to the diploma for any graduate walt student that gets a master's or degree in any of the skrienlss. if somebody is willing to start a business, you want to give them a business so they can start businesses for americans. and lastly, when you have jobs that we need to get done like americans won't take like working in the fields, letting the crops rot or letting the farms move south of the border is just unsanity. we need to get people in here. >> when it comes to inviting low-skilled workers to america, consensus is a lot harder to find. when we come back, we'll tackle the biggest stumbling block to immigration reform -- illegal immigration. ♪

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before a radiohead show. the men were helping to set up the stage. no word yet on what caused rigging to break apart. new video from high aa fast-moving brushfire in southern california. 30 mile per hour wind gusts caused it to quickly grow to 1,000 acres. meanwhile, in colorado, the possibility of rain this weekend has firefighters hoping to gain some ground on the high park fire. it scorched 55,000 acres and destroyed more than 100 homes. those are your headlines and i'm don lemon, keeping you informed, krech cnn, the most trusted name in news. >> we've heard the economic argument for fixing the nation's skilled immigration problem. but the u.s. has a thorny challenge, the illegal immigration from mexico. the average american makes three

times as much as the average mexican. it is the greatest such gap between neighbors that share such a long border. and we won't fix america's immigration system until we come up with the practical solution for dealing with the immigrants that are already here. >> when you look at city's undocumented immigrants, illegal aliens, if you will, what lessons have you dawn? >> undocument have had low crime rate. why? they're scared to death they'll get arrested and deported. >> new york city maier michael bloomberg has a unique perspective on the situation. as the chief executive of a city with an estimated half a million undocumented residents. >> undocumented are not unemployed. they take jobs. they maybe keeping the cash economy off the woirk but they work. america is not a place to come put your feet up and just take welfare. it's a very competitive place. if that's what you want to do, you should stay home, wherever

home is. >> bloomberg says the undocumented don't use schools because they usually leave their kids in the home country and they don't eyes health care much because they tend to be young and healthy and he notes that about 75% of new york city's undocumented immigrants pay taxes. >> employers with hold and the government said, this guy didn't earn enough, to where? the documentation doesn't exist or is fraudulent. >> that certainly defies the conventional wisdom. >> well, listen to this, listen to this idea from the heartland. >> 80% hispanic in high school in america. >> an alliance of 25ing a cullal and trade -- agricultural, areas illegal imgrants. ali devine, a former kansas agriculture secretary runs the

kansas business coalition. >> whether you're republican or democrat, at some point we have an obligation to address this issue as nation. >> the coalition came up with the house bill 2712. the legislation would allow illegal immigrants to work in industries with labor shortages if they have lived in kansas for five years, no felonies and commit to learning english. devine, a life-long republican who worked many the first bush administration says the proposal has divided her party. >> one of the statements they'll say is, what don't you get about illegal? >> and then there are those republicans that acknowledge that immigration policy is broken and that it should be re-evaluated in the context of communities and people in them. >> we need them -- how we do -- >> with people like bill gordon, the owner of signature landscape. he says he finds it hard to get his fellow kansasians to work

for him. >> it's hard and it's united states doo-- it's outdoors and the kind of work our younger generations want to be doing. >> he said he paid $1,500 for "help-wanted ads" in the newspaper to fill 20 positions. the starting wage was $8.68 per hour. he said seven people applied. three showed up for the interview and only one showed up for work. >> it's crazy. everybody thinks we're trying to get cheap labor and we should hire americans. i wish i could. >> gordon needs a way to legally hire illegals. >> people from this country can -- >> on the other side of the fence, people like this woman, let's call her mia, she crossed the border in arizona. she's been in the country illegally for over a decade.

just like 90% of the estimated 65,000 undocumented immigrants in kansas. >> every day we don't know what's going to happen. but we just try to do the best we can. >> mia says 65 members of her family are in the united states illegally. the women deals with people like her who have roots here who have spent years living and working in kansas. but at this point, the bill itself is unlikely to take route in kansas. especially if another powerful kansas republican has his way. >> the bill they introduced has no hope of passing in the kansas legislation. it was more more there for symbolic reason to plan. a flag than to become low. >> this is the kansas secretary of state and he also happens to be a coarchitect of arizona's staunch immigration law. an immigration law professor thinks this bill is a nice rapping on amnesty for people

who have come here illegally. >> the employer gets a benefit by exploit penguin imlegal aliens but we, the taxpayers are left holding the women because we're paying the costs. >> but what about whole industries in california, agriculture and parts of the southwest construction, that do rely on these workers and don't find it's easy to replace them. it hadn't been easy to find american citizens who are willing to pick fruit in 110 degree weather. >> replace them at what cost? employers will say we tried raising wages by $5 an hour and then we found americans. if you raise the wages -- wouldn't that make those businesses uncompetitive? >> not if all businesses in that industry are facing afternoon equal increase in the cost of labor. >> but the real kpe stigs is from abroad? >> not so much in agriculture. >> it's less of a factor. >> it's fair 20 say that americans would do virtually any job. i'll always find somebody. unfortunately, the customers who

are going to pay for those workers aren't going to pay those prices. so it's a ridiculous argument to make. you cannot pay somebody to pick peaches so much that the peaches cost $10 a piece. >> legal immigrants that are -- >> according to mayor bloomberg, laws like the harsh arizona immigration law are a reaction to the lack of intelligent legislation from washington. >> i'm not sympathetic to somebody that's broken the law. on the other hand, the practical reality is, whatever the number is, 11 million, we're not going to deport them so we have to find some way to turn them into more productive members of society. you can say they broke the law. they did. but we were all complicit in that. >> time to stop doling out the blame and start fixing the system.

>> winston churchill said you can always rely on america to do the right thing after the all the possibilities are exhausted. in the end, congress will do the right thing but only after they've tried every other crazy idea that kicks the can down the road or -- >> when we come back, my thoughts on the immigration debate. stay with us. [ male announcer ] citi turns 200 this year. in that time there've been some good days. and some difficult ones. but, through it all, we've persevered, supporting some of the biggest ideas in modern history. so why should our anniversary matter to you? because for 200 years, we've been helping ideas move from ambition to achievement.

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take a look at this picture. it's meant to be a floating silicon valley, sort of. and the kworwords of the ceo, ar entrepreneur from around the world that want to start companies in silicon valley but are currently unable to do so because of our antiquated visa system. even though it would be just half an hire from half moon bay california, which is half an hour from silicon valley, blue seed, the name of the project and the boat, will be in international waters and so, you wouldn't need an american visa to work on it. who knows if this will ever come to fruition, but what it does demonstrate is how frustrated moirn sb

american entrepreneurs are with our immigration system. the u.s. is projected to have 2.8 million job openings in science, engineering and math related fields by 2018. near nearly 800,000 of them will require a master's degree or higher. only 550,000 american-born graduate walts will have the training to fill the jobs. we can't even talk about our legal immigration system because any reform has been held up by those who first insist that we must solve the illegal immigration problem. but a funny thing has happened on the way to the immigration crisis. immigrants have stopped coming here. that's an exaggeration but the latest report states that the net migration flow from mexico to the united states has stopped. and might have reversed. in other words, more people maybe going back to mexico than are coming to the u.s. so for all the money we spend on fences and drones at the border,

we may be fighting the last war. the one we need to tackle is the skills' war with the rest of the world and it's one we're losing pap large part of the problem is we have an immigration system that's broken. it does too many of the wrong things and not enough of the right ones. and the rest of the world is catching up. canada and australia now have smart immigration policies that take in talented foreigners who have the skills the countries need and the determination and drive to succeed and as a result, they've transformed themselves into immigrant societies with the foreign born population that is higher than the united states. australia, which only 15 years ago had strong strains of nativism and zen phobia dominating the political culture now has over a quarter of its pop lieulation foreign-born and

is thriving because of the economic growth and cultural diversity it brings. canada's foreign-born population is 20%. our is 13%. a little higher than great britain's. we're not the world's only 2k3w4r50i6sh even the lierchest immigrant society anymore. so what to do? most experts would agree with the following approach. we should craft legislation that deals once and for you will with the problem of existing illegal immigrants. deporting those with any criminal record and giving legal papers to the others. their path to citizenship, however, should be long. behind all regular applicants, probably a process that would take 15 years during which they would have to pay taxes and crime-free. we would reduce the number, currently 75% of all immigrants who come in because they've been sponsored by a legal immigrant. we would increase the number of immigrants with skills we need.

we would also make some orderly provision for temporary workers who pick crops or fruit in california during the harvesting season. but then should go back to mexico or central america when the season is over. ideally, such a bill would be bipartisan, sponsored by a 'prominent republican and democrat and it would need presidential support to get it off the ground. here's the tragedy. we had such a bill. it was sponsored by john mccain and ted kennedy and strongly supported by george bush. the far right hated the provision providing the legal path for undocumented workers and the left opposed the shift to stills-based imbracing and the online onopposed the temporary worker provisions. that fact that the extremes hated it would have been evidence that it was broad and bipartisan and in an earlyier

time that would have helped but today, pier shifts to the wings of the party and the lead sponsor of the bill, vine mccain denounces his own handiwork. the failure of immigration reform is a metaphor for the breakdown of the political process. we have to compromise. but that isn't going to happen any time soon. it's sad because america remains the place that the world looks to as the global melting pot. the place where universal nation is being created. we may not do immigration that well anymore, but we do asimulation better than anyone. people from all over the world come to this country and almost mag magically, become americans. we come to this country with drive and determination and develop over time, a fierce love for america. and this infusion of talent, diversity, hard work and patriotism is what has kept mike vital for these last two