it has been five days since searchers detected what may be pings from the flight data recorders. malaysia's transport minister says finding them is critical to clearing 370's and passengers of any role in the plane's disappearance. stay with c nchcnn for updates candy crowley in washington. fareed zakaria, gps, starts right now. this is "gps," the global public square. welcome to all of you in the united states and around the world. i'm fareed zakharia coming to you live from new york. we'll start today's show with the latest in the unrest in ukraine and the larger east/west battle it has become. then, middle east peace talks have collapsed. why? there are many reasons, of course, but at the heart of the problem lies one city, jerusalem, which both sides claim. i will talk to the mayor of

jerusalem to find out, is there a solution? also, a new u.n. report. the most exhaustive yet about climate change. we'll talk to tom friedman to tell us what the world and the united states need to do now. and the great anthony bourdain will take us with him to russia and india and other places. we'll talk about politics and food, of course. but first here's my take. russia's aggression in ukraine has had the effect of unifying the western democracies, at least in their robust condemnation of the nation. but travel further afield and one sees a variety of responses which shadows the great u.n. tension between global norms and national interests. consider the response of the

world's most populous democracy, india. new delhi was mostly silent in the events though through february and march, refused to support anything to do with russia and declared that russia had legitimate interest in ukraine, all which led vladimir putin to place a thank you call to the prime minister. india's reaction can be explained by deep ties with russia. between 2009 and 2013, 38% of major weapons exported from russia went to india, more than any other country and more than triple the second country, china, at 12%. between 2009 and '13, 75% of the major weapon systems imported to india came from russia. just 7% came from the united states. over the same period, russia delivered to india an aircraft carrier and a nuclear-powered submarine, the only one in the world exported in those years. more curious has been the reaction of the most pro-american country on the planet, israel.

the country, which has tended to support almost all american foreign policy initiatives, has determined not to do so on this issue. prime minister netanyahu was uncharacteristically circumspect. >> i hope the ukranian issue is resolved quickly, amicably, but i have enough on my plate which is quite full. >> lieberman was more explicit saying he didn't want to defend america or russia, treating them equally. israeli officials said privately they didn't want to alienate russia because they need moscow to deal with threats mainly from iran, but also those emanating from the syria civil war. but there are also those who believe that egypt can formulate a special relationship with moscow, fueled by the hundreds of russian jews who emigrated to

russia and what they can accomplish there. when they meet, they speak in russian, which is lieberman's first language. china, perhaps less surprisingly, was also less willing to condemn or sanction russia. but it's position has been more nuanced, emphasizing its support for the independent sovereignty and territorial integrity of ukraine. now, one could argue that in all these cases, the countries are misreading what is actually in their national interests. china shares a long border with russia and should not want to support moscow in efforts to adjust these borders by force. it would be foolish for israel to compromise its relations with its closest ally, america, for delusions of an alliance with moscow. the fact that lieberman speaks russian has not stopped moscow from shipping arms to iran, syria and hezbollah through syria. india, for its part, should want to make a closer relationship with washington as it forges a rising relationship with china in its neighborhood. but do these countries want to live in a world ruled entirely

by the interplay of national interests? since 1945, there have been increasing efforts to put in place some broader global norms, for example, against annexations by force. these have not always been honored, but compared with the past, they have helped shape a more peaceful and prosperous world. over the next decade or so, as new powers rise, these norms will either be strengthened or eroded. and that will make the difference between war and peace in the 21st century. for more, go to cnn.com/fareed and read my "washington post" column. and let's get started. the sun will soon set on a tumultuous day in eastern ukraine. today, as in recent days, a pattern has emerged in this area that borders russia.

in city after city, official buildings, police buildings and city halls have been stormed by militants, taken over and declared to be part of a breakaway people's republic. we're joined by nick peyton walsh in eastern ukraine, and he's just back from visiting the locations of some of these takeovers. nick, it seemed as though things were calming down in the middle of the week, but now it appears as though this agitation for an independent eastern ukraine are heating up again. what are you seeing? >> reporter: a remarkable change in the last 36 hours, fareed. from what seemed like a stalemate to now, which is a march, it seems, on a lot of cities. they form a circle where i'm standing. we just came back from slavansk, where there is a bunch of militants taking over the security building.

the security minister says they were launching an anti-terror operation to clear them out. that has clearly failed. we went back later on to discover the city really reinforcing its barricades. russian gunmen still in place. and the sense of people going about their daily business as normal, despite the interior minister warning them to stay indoors. another building we went to in another city, that was the police station. that was stormed last night by pro-russian militants. that is now under protest on the protester control. a lot's changing here very fast, and it seems a little like crimea, pro-russian militants backed up by pro-russian protests. things changing very fast here, fareed. >> nick, very quickly, we just have a few seconds left. do you believe that russia is behind this? do you have a sense of how that stands? >> reporter: it's very hard to tell. you can't tell from the accents of the russian speakers here exactly where they come from. there is a lot of good equipment

in the hands of these russian militants. the u.s. state department made it quite clear they think the crimea tactics, apparently even soldiers are being used here in eastern ukraine. it's unclear, but frankly, there's a lot of coordination here, a lot of organization, and that will be hard for local activists to pull off in a matter of weeks. fareed? >> thank you, nick. fantastic reporting. so glad to have you here. how is this situation going to get resolved? yesterday secretary of state john kerry warned his russian counterpart, foreign minister sergei lavarov, about russian actions and the consequences that would stem from them. but are the russians listening? joining me now is brzezinski. does it appear to you that this is a concerted effort to actually get russia and ukraine to declare independence, or do you think they're trying to create a situation where the russians have negotiating power to try to broker some kind of

deal with autonomy? >> i think a striking similarity between what is happening right now and what happened a few weeks ago in crimea speaks for itself. look, a bunch of thugs appeared dressed in strange, mafia-like uniforms without any national identity, but looking externally, strikingly similar to those who happened to be in crimea now are pulling off a stunt, stunt in quotation marks, in a number of eastern ukraine cities, while russia is claiming at the same time the population there is rising. what russia clearly is trying to do is establish whether it can seize that territory without too much resistance, and, therefore, claim it seceded from ukraine on its own. or if there is resistance to move the forces which have been

martialed on the front range of crimea. we're challenging the norms and stability, challenge to a system that is not to be dependent on the use of force. this is now a challenge for the international community, not just ukraine. >> ukraine cannot really survive without eastern ukraine, which is the source of much of its heavy industry and mining. so do you believe if something of the nature that you're outlining does happen, that the west will be able to do more? there has been reluctance in europe to do something like an energy ban because, of course, the europeans are very dependent on russia for energy. >> well, first of all, a lot depends on what the ukranians do themselves. if they don't resist, as they didn't in crimea, then obviously the international community is

not going to be excessively energetic in supporting, in effect, defeated ukranians. if they decide to resist, they'll probably be losing step by step, but if the resistance is sustained, i think the west, whether it likes it or not as of the moment, will be increasingly under public pressure, international pressure, to provide assistance to the ukranians, not directly by troops, but by arms. and i say, frankly, that, of course, may become really necessary and we shouldn't shy way from it. fareed, think what happened in vietnam. we lost thousands and thousands of men to the vietnamese. but who armed the vietnamese over and over again? the russians. they didn't mind because they thought that was in their international interest and they were not directly involved. i think we should be no less

active. if the ukraines resist, we should help them. if we can tell them that in advance, they're more likely to resist. if the russians know the ukraines will resist, they'll think twice about starting a large adventure. they're counting on it being peaceful, effective, and in effect, absolutely decisive. >> very quickly, because we have about 15 seconds left. do you think president obama is on the right course right now, so far as you can tell? >> i don't know what's being said privately. and what i'm advocating, it should be part of the private message that the ukranians would take seriously, the russians would know about it, but we wouldn't be trying to humiliate the russians and we should be offering the russians a deal, whereby a free ukraine is free to associate itself with the european union, but a free ukraine also has a normal relationship with russia and we both participate in providing kind of a finish, finland like solution to the ukraine problem. >> fascinating insight. zbigniew, thank you so much. we will be right back with more. [ laughter ] smoke?

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on monday, at the end of passover prayers, jews around the world will say four words that hold great importance for them: "next year in jerusalem." this holiest of the cities for the jews contains, among many other sacred locations, the western wall, the holiest site in jerusalem. jerusalem is also, of course, where jesus christ is said to be crucified and resurrected. and the dome on the rock by the western wall is where mohammad

is said to have ascended into heaven. for all these reasons and more, the city is considered most holy for all three religions. israel considers jerusalem its capital, and the palestinians have said time and time again that the only way they would accept a peace plan is if east jerusalem is given to them for their capital. i wanted to know if this is even in the cards, which is why i asked the mayor of jerusalem, to join me. mr. mayor, a pleasure to have you on. >> thank you, mr. fareed. >> how would you divide the city, can it be divided because the palestinians say they need a capital, east jerusalem must be the capital of israel. is there a solution? >> let me take you back 3,000 years. jerusalem is the capital of the

world, the temple in the middle, and it was never divided among the tribes. but everyone was welcome to come to the city of jerusalem. the dna of jerusalem is a city respecting all people, residents, visitors, and jerusalem has a role to play. and that dna of the past, that's how jerusalem functioned for a thousand years, is our future. it cannot be divided. our role is to open up and enable people who come peacefully to the city of jerusalem to have freedom of religion that has not existed for 2,000 years. if you walk the streets of jerusalem, the churches are managed by the christians, the jews manage the jewish sites, the muslims manage the muslim sites. it was not always like that? >> but what do you say to the palestinian, yes, you have your capital. if we have our state, we have to have our capital. >> there are solutions to that,

but there is not a solution of dividing the city of jerusalem. it will never function. it's against the dna of the city. by the way, there is not one example of a city in the world that ever got split and became functional. >> what are the solutions? what are the solutions? >> i leave that for the national government. you can call ramallah the center of the palestinian people, they can bring their embassy to jerusalem. today, they have freedom of religion, freedom of movement. today, jerusalem is an open and international city, and it's doing very well. if you look at the trends in the city of jerusalem, our economy has been growing 8% from year to year. satisfaction of all residents, muslims, christians, ultra orthodox, secular, otherwise. our crime rates are .1 the average of any american city. i know i'm 10% more exposed to crimes in the united states than i am back home in jerusalem. all of that, the economy going north, crime rates going south, all of that, we must be doing something right.

>> for you, the arab neighborhoods of east jerusalem, which is where the palestinians would like to put their state, you think it would not be possible to have a palestinian capital? >> a very clear no. i'm committed to serve all my residents, the muslim, the christian, the jewish residents. for me, they're all the same. that's what the jewish tradition, that's what the jewish bible says. you have to treat everyone equally, and that's exactly what we're doing. and there are gaps to close on the arab neighborhoods, and the jewish neighborhoods, and i'm committed to closing those gaps. >> i've never met a palestinian negotiator who would accept that position, that they cannot have a capital in a part of jerusalem. does that mean peace is unlikely? >> i think it's a demand that has to be off the table, because whoever raises such a demand doesn't understand the importance of the city of jerusalem as a united city. and unfortunately, sometimes i

feel that israel does not have a partner to negotiate with because the charter of, unfortunately, many of the palestinians and our neighbors is to destroy israel. and when somebody wants to destroy israel, sometimes we feel that this is a salami-style negotiations. let's take a piece now and then we'll argue about the rest. it's -- the whole concept of negotiating with the palestinians has to take another route. they have to understand that jerusalem will never function as, god forbid, a divided city. >> that was nir barkat, the mayor of jerusalem. coming up later on "gps," anthony bourdain has been around the world again. and he will share with me his thoughts from vladimir putin in the west to becoming a vegetarian. but up next, what would you think if president obama had dick cheney arrested? the analog of that just happened in china. in china. i will explain. bout 10 times sor and may have surface pores where bacteria can multiply.

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we are back with something that caught my eye. if dick cheney were arrested and

his assets seized, all in an anti-corruption effort by president obama, you might say, what in the world, right? well, as "the new yorker's" evan ausnes points out, that scenario is a reality for what is going on in china today. some of you may remember that the first week in 2014, i began the show suggesting that this may be the year of china, meaning the country will go through enormous changes that will make or break its rise. but even i have been surprised at how much as happened on almost all fronts. china is being run by a new generation, spearheaded by xixingping. consider what he's done his first year in office.

first is the anti-corruption drive. and part of that is the expansive operation into the czar once the head of the prolific operation and the head of the standing committee. he has been called china's dick cheney by ausnes. authorities have detained several of joe's family members and associates and have seized assets worth $15 billion. and president xi has taken his anti-corruption drive to the military as well, exerting much more influence than did his predecessor. one result, officials charged former general guyu chon of using his power to amass illegal wealth which could not have been bought on a military salary. the second area where one sees great change is the environment. everyone talks in china about

the unbearable smog. a study released last july shows that air pollution in northern parts of the country can actually cut life expectancy by an average of 5.5 years. well, beijing has now decided to begin a cleanup, promising to spend $280 billion to fight air pollution. this year, china has started to directly monitor and publish the pollution impacts of its biggest 15,000 culprits. china's urban middle class now routinely protests against not only polluted air, but polluted water as well. and in february, china announced a plan to spend $330 billion to clean up its water. this mass-scale public effort may be a reaction to increased discontent, but it's also about the economy. the impact of environmental degradation cost china 9% of its gnp, according to the world bank. perhaps the most important set

of proposals not just for china but for the world, are plans for reform. last november, the party announced that will retain its authority over the chinese economy but would allow the market to play a decisive role. the government vowed to take a less active role in the allocation of resources and said it would allow the private sector to invest in state-owned enterprises. in perhaps the most striking meeting was told in march that china aimed to expand its economy by 7.5% this year, but -- and here's the key part -- that growth would not get in the way of reform. until now the party has not faced up to reforms, always pushing them off and goosing the economy to keep jobs growing. now, let's be clear. so far, economic reform is all talk and little action. and one thing you don't see in this flurry of new policies and

proposals is anything about political reform, moves towards greater pluralism or democracy. that's because the goal of all these ambitious measures is to strengthen the legitimacy of the chinese communist party, not weaken it. up next, china might be doing something about pollution, but after a u.n. report that elicited frightening headlines about climate change, what is the rest of the world doing? tom friedman joins me when we come back. i have low testosterone. there, i said it. how did i know? well, i didn't really.

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take a look at the headlines written by the report released by the u.n.'s intergovernmental panel on climate change. climate change is here now. the worst is yet to come. little time left to turn down the world's heat. the report foresees worsening warming, yes, but also with it, worsening floods and wars and food shortages. what to make of all this, and will it inspire any action? joining me now, "new york times" columnist tom friedman.

he's also correspondent on showtime's climate change series, "years of living dangerously." tom, for you, what is the headline of this new report? >> i think the headline is greater uncertainty among the vast majority of the people in climate science, the people who study these issues, that if we don't begin to take the steps needed to prevent the kind of what they call doubling of co2 in the atmosphere, that will lead to the kinds of rise in global average temperature that will put us into a much more unstable world. >> and is there a sense of greater urgency or a greater -- a kind of warning that we haven't been doing much yet? you know, if you think about it, we've been hearing these reports, and all of them have kept saying, and therefore we need to start in some way having the co2 emission levels start plateauing or even declining. and as you know, in totality,

because -- largely because of china's growth and other emerging countries, co2 emissions continue to rise quite substantially. >> well, of course, and that's really been the problem for getting governments to act. you know the debate in our country and in the world. there are people who don't think this is really happening, don't think it's important. we can adapt. i was thinking driving over here, what if the nightmare of the climate deniers came through, and we really decided in america to take this seriously and act? what would we do? what is the nightmare that would happen? well, the first thing we would do is actually slash income taxes and corporate taxes and replace them with a carbon tax. so we actually encourage people to stop doing what we don't want, which is emitting carbon, and start doing what we do want, which is hiring more workers and getting corporations to invest more in america. that's the first awful thing that would happen. the second awful thing that would happen is that we would actually borrow money, the

federal government would borrow money at almost 0% and invest in infrastructure to make the cities more able. and we would also make tax incentives for renewable energy. we would stimulate more innovation. another terrible thing we would do is ensure that another coal-fired power plant is never built in this country so all the young people in this country now suffering from asthma in big cities, they wouldn't suffer from asthma anymore. those are, fareed, just a few of the terrible, terrible things that would happen if we took this seriously. in other words, fareed, preparing for climate change, seriously, in my view is like training for the olympic triathlon.

and whether the olympics come or not, you will be so much healthier, so much stronger, so much more innovative as an individual and as a country. >> what about the piece of that which is the subsidies for green energy? there are a lot of people who believe that the obama administration has done way too much on this front, anyway, that we've been providing all these subsidies, that there has already been kind of a huge green revolution. >> the republicans fell in love with the case of solyndra, which was a bad case where a venture capital -- we lost $5 million on a solar firm. i wish those things didn't happen. but they so fallen in love with the solyndra story that they completely missed the fact that solar wind and efficiency today, it's actually at a tipping point. fareed, i'm going to ask you something. would you think i'm a bad guy if i were hoping that vladimir putin turned off the gas to europe? because that's my secret hope,

because i believe if putin turns off the oil and gas to europe right now, it would be the equivalent of the 1973 arab oil embargo, which is what launched the solar wind and efficiency industry. we only got the first auto mileage standards after that. i think we are poised to take off. i hope you bought solar stocks last year, because if you did, they're all exploding. and i don't have to tell you about tesla stock. we just need a little push. we just need vladimir to do the right thing and turn the gas off. i'm happy to pay all the energy bills for the ukraine because of the impact it would have on the whole clean tech industry, which is poised to take off now, would be just like 1973. you go, vlad. give it to us. >> one of the things i'm struck by is that there are more private sector actors that are taking this stuff seriously. you see corporations dealing with some of these issues, responding to what they see

happening and also what they read with regard to climate change. but still, governments have been pretty slow to act. i mean, you've been talking about this for years. you've written a powerful book about it. do you think there's any sense that -- do you have a sense that things are changing, that this report will be different from the last report? >> i do have a sense that things are changing in the private sector, but -- and things, again, are really poised. i would be happy if the u.s. congress approved a one penny a ton climate -- carbon tax. a one penny a ton carbon tax. it wouldn't affect anybody, but the signal it would send to every corporate ceo in america is that this is coming, you got to adapt. you would see them all overreact, do so much more than the tax even required just by that signal from the government. we are really close to a real takeoff here. >> so you look at this report and the situation and it doesn't make you pessimistic?

>> well, you know, i'm from minnesota. i'm, by nature, optimistic. but the report worries me, but -- am i worried? of course, you're worried. and you're worried that a word that you and i grew up with, fareed, when we were young men, we once were young men, and that word was later. you know, you could protect this valley, you could save this species, you could preserve this forest. you could do it now or you could do it later. and my real worry right now, fareed, is that "later" is a word that our kids won't ever be able to use, because for them, later will be too late. >> tom friedman, pleasure to have you on. we'll have you on again soon. thank you. >> thank you. up next, anthony bourdain has been traveling around the world. he will tell us about eating and drinking with russian oligarchs.

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in the past few months, anthony bourdain has been

everywhere from punjab, india to baja to brazil, fresh wine country to the mississippi delta, and that just names a few of his stops. the latest season of bourdain's award-winning series "to parts unknown" will be shown tonight at 9:00 p.m. he joins me to tell me what he has learned. welcome, back. >> thank you. good to be here. >> i was struck by russia. you went to russia, and i always felt when you go to russia and you go to one of those really fancy restaurants you went to that the oligarchs go to, the russians party at kind of an amplitude that is so different. it's like "spinal tap," they go to 11 or 12. >> no doubt. it's a problem for me. it explains why i really only do programs in russia every few years. i really need to rest up. they're not the most outgoing people in the world until you get around halfway down that vodka bottle, and there will be, as you know, always a vodka bottle.

i just can't drink like that every day. and yet one must in order to -- if you're going to get comfortable and get people to open up and talk to you there, you've got to drink. >> but the food is also kind of extravagant, right? the want -- >> oligarch food, it's sort of, generally speaking, the best restaurant in moscow tends to be sort of late '80s, investment banker friendly, new york, asia fusion. this last time we went to -- we were scheduled to do a scene at the hottest restaurant in moscow, and when they found out that we were eating with an opposition figure, they said, no, no, no, you're not coming in here. you're out. >> and you were there around the time of sochi and crimea. >> yes. >> and you actually talked to someone about the crimean

situation? >> yeah. and the show is very much about sort of imperial putin russia, and, you know, the benefits of being a friend of vladimir putin and the dangers of getting on his bad side. >> and when you go to mexico, what i was struck by is you have these two experiences going on. you have the drug wars and they sort of shadow your trip, but you also have very vibrant country with a culture and cuisine that's getting very sophisticated. >> well, it's one of the heartbreaks of mexico, if you love mexico as i do ferociously. it's such a great country with so much heart, great music, very surprisingly sophisticated deep repertoire of gastronomy and cuisine, so many beautiful places, but terribly afflicted by corruption and the drug wars. it is a war there. nearly 80,000 people killed just

in the last about five years. that's a lot of innocent people. >> tell the story of the photographer. >> well, there are people in mexico who do what are called notas rohas, i believe, red letters. and they go around photographing bodies of which there are many left by the cartels. generally, these bodies are left with a helpful note attached to . not specifically but which organization they displeased. and this is what they do. >> and do the people in mexico kind of -- how do they deal with this? do they repress it? is it like poverty in some other countries where the urban elite pretends it's not happening? >> no one's immune. everyone is -- has felt it. everyone knows someone who has been kidnapped, if you have money, if you have a business, one of the ancillary businesses is for kidnapping, for profit.

if you're a journalist, you certainly have felt it because you were under threat. if you're a police officer, you are faced with the choice, do i report this crime to -- chances are it will not be prosecuted and i might be killed, my family might be killed. and the ordinary people of mexico live with it because they are dying in droves. >> india, a country that i grew up in. you went to the old british india. >> yes. in some ways we are looking at india through one house. a house where the much of the british elite government, management class would all move during the hotter months all the way through the foothills of the

h himalayas. i looked at india with that strange bitterness and nostalgia. the colors are gorgeous. a photographer's dream. the food, where i am a confirmed carnivore and happy to eat vegetarian for a period of time, a fascinating place in the world who we should probably know more about because what is happening there is affecting so many of the areas in the region and our policies. >> i was going to ask you what is your favorite country to be a vegetarian and -- >> i think you have the answer. for me, eating vegetarian in new york is a misery. in india it's a delight. >> and if you had to pick the worst place to be an vegetarian?

>> argentina or uraguay. >> tony bourdain, glad to have you here. >> thank you. around here you don't make excuses. you make commitments. and when you can't live up to them, you own up, and make it right. some people think the kind of accountability that thrives on so many streets in this country has gone missing in the places where it's needed most. but i know you'll still find it when you know where to look.

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world. on thursday, the u.n. released its global study on homicide which found intentional homicides have actually decreased down by 31,000 people since 2010. about 16,000 people in the united states are victims of homicide each year. but how does that compare to the rest of the world? it brings me to my question of the week. which country has the highest homicide rate in 2012? a, the united states, b, afghanistan, c, venezuela, or, d, honduras? stay tuned and we'll tell you the correct answer. we have an exciting new way for you to get "gps" even after the show is over. it's our flipboard page which has all of the expert analysis

that you've come to expect. check it out at flip.it/far read. this week's book is "bloodlands." you have to read this harrowing history between 1933 and 1945, 14 million people died in eastern europe. killed by stall lynn or hitler. schneider explains why and how this part of the world became the 20th century's hell hole. and now for the last look. this is a true one. a last look at an abiration that will soon cease to exist. it's home to both u.s. and russian soldiers. the opposing nations stationed a mere 20 miles from each other. it's a land locked mountainous country and its parliament has

been known to sacrifice sheep. i'm talking about kyrgyzstan where it's been a main staging ground for american troops and supplies to move into afghanistan since 2001. it's less than aen hour drive from russia's kant air base. you can see from these pictures, this mailitary neighborhood wil come to an end. they voted not to extend the american lease and the u.s. has been given its eviction notice. it must vacate by july. u.s. forces are et going ready to go, packing up boxes and taking down large tents. will this put much needed space between the russian and united states militaries? not so much. the u.s. will use its newly outfitted transit center in romania, 250 miles from se

sevastopol. the answer to our question was d. the united states ranked 66th, sort of in the middle. thanks to all of you for being part of my program this week. i will see you next week. hello, everyone. i'm fredricka whitfield. the search area is expanding in the indian ocean for missing malaysia flight 370. this, as the search moves into day 38. also, we're following breaking news in ukraine where violence and tensions are quickly escalating. here you're about to see masked men pinning a man against the wall. this is in a town only about 100 miles from ukraine's border with russia. keep in mind, this is happening just a month after crime voted to secede from ukraine and join russia, a move the rest of the world has not