we respond. we endure. we overcome. and we own the finish line. >> boston strong. that does it for us, we'll see you again at 1:01 p.m. eastern, another edition of "ac360." cnn starts now. good evening, i'll bill weir. and this is cnn tonight. it is 40 days since flight 370 vanished. four weeks since vladimir putin bloodlessly scooped crimea into russia's grip. and a year since the bombing at the boston marathon. so what have we learned about ourselves and the skies? and with conventional wisdom. and the airliner goes down, and one more example of the safety of modern air travel, right?

a year ago, the united states was arguing over sanctions, but many thought it was putin's bluster, as he prepared for the olympic games. certainly he would learn to play nice. and a year ago, the biggest threat in boston seemed to be the run over heartbreak hill. the world changes awfully fast. and to keep up with the stories, we'll talk to two young people. one has become the face of the protest in ukraine. the other miraculously escaped physical wounds in boston, but is here to honor a friend who lost a leg and to help to escape the demons of survivor's guilt. but let us begin on the very latest on the search for flight 370. after a day of searching, the navy's bluefin-21 will be back in the ocean mapping it for another 12 hours or.

joe johns is in kuala lumpur, but now, down under, michael what is the very latest? >> reporter: hi to you, bill. yesterday after completing around six hours of its mission, the bluefin-21 went below its programmed operating depth of 41 meters. they did get data when they were down there, that is six hours of data. they have examined it and say it really turned up nothing. but it was the first time out and they did say it performed technically well. they will try to reprogram it so the software allows it to go even deeper, now that they made the discovery on how deep it is down there. as you point out they have about seven hours to go. it will come back up again. the data will be downloaded. and it will be up again. the process will be anywhere from six weeks to two months as

they comb that search area. >> tell me about the oil slick, with two liters being tested. if it is jet fuel, when can we expect those results? >> reporter: yeah, probably within the next couple of days. we had the briefing, and angus houston, the man heading this search, told us about it. they picked up two liters. we have to keep in mind, though, the search area is over 2,000 kilometers west of here. what they have done is put that on a helicopter, flying it to a ship. the ship will get closer to land. and the helicopter brings it all the rest of the way in. they will have a look at it. they have samples of oil from malaysian airlines to make a comparison to see if the oil could have come from the engines of flight 370. or it could be hydraulic fluid

or it could be nothing, bill. >> and what about the search area, we're hearing that some of the efforts could be scaled back? when? >> reporter: yeah, angus houston said he expected the air and surface search to be scaled back. they just have not found anything, bill, and time is marching on. we know that today the planes are up. in fact, more than a dozen planes are out in the area, more than 11 ships are still trying to find surface debris. they do expect it to be scaled back in the days ahead, though, quite simply because they have not found anything, bill. >> okay, michael holmes, appreciate you reporting from perth. let's turn now to joe johns in perth. joe, good to be with you. tell us about the malaysian cabinet putting together an investigative committee? >> reporter: right, this is an

investigative committee putting together a committee to look at all aspects of flight 370. from start to finish, a to z. and it is a clear commitment from this government, requiring thoughtful author oh answer-- t answers. they will look at all flights and aspects of flight 370. >> yeah, we have been saying for 40 days now when it comes to this kind of search, this kind of mystery, this is the malaysian's first rodeo, rhetorically. so we also got information on that, take a look. >> our ministry of defense was not attacked. but we need to consider that as

a possible future threat. and that needs to be addressed. and the sops that is with the -- the air force will have to be looked at. >> is that the closest we've heard, the closest thing to i guess a malaysian mea culpa? >> yeah, i don't think so, actually. i have to say he made those remarks at the huge defense services expo here in kuala lumpur, defense services people from all over the world. i ran into some u.s. military people there. and his point is that malaysia simply needs to upgrade all of its capabilities and capacities, whether it has to do with air surveillance, under sea surveillance or what have you. and it also sounded like he was talking about them meeting a little more on the air defense side, bill. >> okay, joe johns on the kuala lumpur side.

i'm much obliged to you. all right, we'll beginning in our package, david souci, mary schiavo, and more on the victims transportation accidents, we meet again, david, what is your thoughts on the bluefin? this thing is slower than most riding lawn mowers. what are your thoughts on the long-term progress? >> well, the fact that the bluefin came out, they must have a good idea of where this may be. flight 447, they were not quite sure, they were scanning the area. but somehow i have the feeling if they were guessing where this thing was they would have brought in more resources. so the fact they have one tells me there was one place they were looking. that is what they're trying to get to. >> does that make sense, mary? >> yeah, like david,

investigators don't believe in coincidences. and it was very coincidental or not, very intentional that when the ocean shield went out, i mean, boom, it went right to the area and got pings. i mean, i think it was the first day that they got the two hours of the pings. so somehow, in the vast indian ocean and with nothing more than four pings from the inmarsat satellite, they sent out ocean pings that were picked up. i was impressed. they seem to be able to zero in on exactly where they believe this thing is. >> david, what do you think about the oil slick? if it is -- first of all, can you fingerprint oil? >> yeah, basically you can, at least by model. and well, maybe by engine. like the rolls royce trent engine uses a very specific kind of oil. it is not even widely used among other aircraft engines. but the nice thing about this is i heard that malaysia sent a sample of the engine oil from

what they use in that aircraft. so what that means is, not just that took it off the shelf, that means there is constant monitoring on the engine. >> so so they have an actual sample. >> it depends on the consistency, if it was all one area and they get a good sample you can actually tell the aging of the oil, how long it has been in the engine, the carbon, there is a lot they can learn from that. >> let's hope against hope it was positive. this is 370 oil, what does it mean three days after a typhoon in the area, in terms of location? >> yeah, it helps because 40 days later, when they picked it up it was almost 40 days that there is still oil escapes from whatever is down below. for example, i was just at an air crash investigators conference down in cape canaveral. and they have the wreckage from one of the space shuttles and

they still have pans under some of the parts they picked up. it is still leaking. so what that suggests to me if they picked up a sample on the surface right where the pings came from, something is still leaking. >> interesting, so you can follow it down to the bottom. and the air search, david, is that still a worthwhile endeavor? >> if it was me, nick in the situation, which it is not, i still think what are we going to learn from it? i any the primary debris from the search area was so intense, we needed to find out where the impact point was. they must be very sure that it is there. if not they wouldn't even be considering it. they will look for other points. because if they find the debris now, most of the clues that tell us why this happened are at the bottom of the ocean where the aircraft would be. i would focus that way. >> and mary, finally, we have 14

nations involved in terms of passengers there. you have search and rescue efforts there. 26 countries involved. so who gets the black box when they find it, hopefully? >> well, there is an international treaty, and international civil aviation rules, an offshoot of the u.n. it is technically malaysia's. by the way, when all is said and done it is technically the airline's insurer that technically owns it. but malaysia gets to decide and work on it. oh, yeah, in the end in the litigation you actually have to go back and get a court order and get a court order to be able to use it. it does belong to the airline's insurer who pays for the wreckage. malaysia technically does. they're a delegation. they sent somebody to the u.k. to talk about the progress of the investigation from here on. in their public statements that they can't do it, i'm not too concerned that they will keep it

or try to do it themselves. i think they have been pretty open about the fact that they can't, and they will call in one of the four countries that can, australia, the united states, the u.k., or france. it will be one or all of those fo four, especially since they have already made public statements. >> mary schiavo, david souci, thanks once again. and more on the analysis of the oil slick. is the investigation finally catching wind? we'll ask a man who has been investigating aviation accidents since 1982 when we come back. hey. i'm ted and this is rudy. say "hi" rudy. [ barks ] [ chuckles ] i'd do anything to keep this guy happy and healthy. that's why i'm so excited about these new milk-bone brushing chews. whoa, i'm not the only one. it's a brilliant new way to take care of his teeth. clinically proven as effective as brushing. ok, here you go. have you ever seen a dog brush his own teeth? the twist and nub design cleans all the way down to the gum line, even reaching the back teeth. they taste like a treat,

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. we do have some breaking news out of south korea at this hour, a passenger ship with 450 people on board is sinking off the southwest coast of that country with a rescue operation under way. most of the passengers are reported to be high school students on a field trip. according to the official news agency in south korea, of course we'll provide more details as soon as we get them. and staying in international waters news, back to the search for flight 370, deep under the waves. that bluefin-21 is searching. it looks like a torpedo, really a big microphone listening under water. but 14 planes, 11 ships are heading to the area. david souci, mary schiavo are

with us. and joining us, chris ready, a senior scientist. thank you for joining us on the panel tonight. you have been investigating the accidents since the early '80s. you worked on the air france investigation. so you're new to the speculation poluzza we have here. what is your theory on what happened to flight 370? >> well, i still think the facts are so unlimited. however, to me, it does appear as if there was some type of catastrophic event that incapacitated the flight crew. i think the basic elements of what we know thus far point in that direction. >> so maybe a fire, they were knocked unconscious and it flew on its own? the ghost flight, as some call it? >> it would be something similar to that. the catastrophic events, as we say in aviation, nothing bad happens until something bad happens, and tragically, when they do, they happen very

quickly, and often in terms of what the obstacles that are presented to the flight crew. >> give us your data on the experience, the report card, if you will, on what you have seen on this search. >> well, certainly, i think the ntsb, and boeing, the australians, the folks giving the information that they have hoping against hope that the information they're getting, they're getting from honest brokers. they're pointed in the right direction. i think they have honed in on the primary area where the aircraft probably is located, as mary indicated earlier, i think they have somewhat pinpointed at least in terms of the size and scope of the debris field, an area where it could possibly be located. with the assets available, i do feel confident that once they get down there that we're going to have a good outcome in terms of retrieving the black box.

ultimately that is how we'll solve this mystery. >> chris, i understand you specialize in oil slicks of all sorts. we were talking to david about the way they identify this. talk us through the possibilities that this could lead to flight 370. >> well, the first thing is whether or not the slick that you see is actually oil. it is quite possible that it could be just natural plant debris that is sitting on the ocean. so anything now would be speculation. the first thing you want to do is just collect the sample off the sea surface. almost like cleaning the pool of leaves. and you can get back to the lab and get an understanding of whether or not you're seeing a slick that was from the jet fuel or debris. >> we'll take a little break and come back and talk about this story regarding the co-pilot's cell phone. we believe his device actually made contact with the tower on

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welcome back to cnn tonight, i'm bill weir. investigators are still trying to figure out whether the co-pilot's cell phone is an important clue of what happened to flight 370. that cell phone was on and made contact in malaysia about the time the plane disappeared from radar. so what does that tell us? we're back with retired pilot,

and mary schiavo. chris, first of all, you're a pilot, you flew for many years. is it rare for that pilot's phone to be on even given the recent rule change here in the united states? >> well, actually it is not odd that it was on. there is many times i can tell you that rolling down the runway you hear a telephone go off. somebody's cell phone go off. they just simply forget to turn it off. it does happen. it is not that unusual. and obviously, it can become distracting. but certainly it does happen. and i don't -- see anything sinister that it could have been left on accidentally. >> right, but what about the altitude you would have to be at and just the physics of the plane to make contact? i mean, how low would flight 370 have been to make contact?

>> well, i'm not an expert on communications. but i will tell you i'm aware of signals up to 30,000 feet, text messages being transmitted. and phones going off, receiving data once the aircraft slowed down to about 150 knots on an approach. so i think there are a number of variables, a number of inputs that allow those type of communication links to happen. but in truth, i simply can't speak to the specifics of this incident and how the communications may have been, the link in the towers with the cell phone. >> yeah, mary, what about your experience in investigating? i know on 9/11, several passengers' calls went through. what do you make of that detail? >> well, even in past cases that i have worked on i have experience from two different campings. obviously on september 11th not just flight 370, which people heard about and the transmissions on some of the calls. but literally on all four flies, passengers and flight attendants

were able to get calls out. some were on the air phone, some were on the cell phones, and by the way, publicly you didn't hear about all the calls. there were many other attempted calls where people left messages, people didn't get through, somebody didn't get home. remember, there were 240 people on the planes and there were probably a couple of dozen attempts where people went through. the flip side, there were cases where people had problems on planes by losing their communications and had an on-board crisis. and then resorted to their cell phone to try to call. so i have seen it both from a criminal perspective and from a civil perspective. and that could have happened here, too. perhaps they needed to try to get a call out and too low to get a tower. >> right, but it just smells like incomplete information. because of 239 other passengers,

somebody else's must have been on. >> you got it. and it sounds like they have not completed enough investigation on each one of those cell phones, and look also the other way. which cell phone towers did they pass over, and what pings did they get on those towers? >> chris, i want to ask you about the towers, i'm sure we'll have room later in the week if you come back. but to mary and jf and all of you, thank you so much. and while so much of the world has been focused on the search for the plane, urgent and dangerous situation in europe could break out into civil war. that was a warning from the head of the russian government, vladimir putin invoking the word "civil war." we'll explain why you should care. oach phase, everything looking good. ♪ velocity 1,200 feet per second. [ man #2 ] you're looking great to us, eagle. ♪ 2,000 feet.

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vladimir putin, with his steely gaze, his penchant for

shirtless gaze, has been the focus. for the last couple of months the relations have grown cold. sure, not 1980s cold but getting there. something happened that crank the temperature down even further. we'll have a look at what the world is worried about tonight. ukraine, no the, anymore, since '91 when the soviet union crumbled. got the country the size of texas, of course. it is a young democracy with a very fragile economy. and of course it is the center of the tug of war with europe on the western side, russia on the east. now you will recall last fall. ukraine's president, a buddy of vladimir, the protesters took to the streets. even though they were bloodied by the troops they managed to run him out of the country. he split for russia, when they went to his house they discovered the president had been looting the treasury to buy

himself pirate ships, among other booty. and now, they figure, oh, europe is getting too close, we don't want nato troops on our black sea borders. but thanks to the help of the russia-loving folks down near crimea, russia just took it without firing a shot last month. and it went so well, he started to take over military bases just like they did in crimea. and until today, the locals have not made much of a move to fight back because they don't want to give putin any excuse to send in the big guns. but with america and europe's blessing, the ukrainian troops began to roll into the cities today. but rather than strike fear they seemed to be stuck in the mud and heckled by the much shorter russia friendlies. they know that russia has 40,000

troops at their back over the border. so it is reason to worry that we are one drunken gunshot away from a civil war, with russia on one side, europe and america on the other side. we'll talk about the implications with this in a moment. but first, we'll start with a little chat, from the voice of a woman who was behind the western-loving ukrainians. >> i ask you now to help us. we have this freedom inside our hearts. we have this freedom in our minds. and now, i ask you to view this freedom in our country. >> that is yulia, a phd candidate and became the face of the revolution with that video. i am a ukrainian, viewed by people 7 million times. she joins us from boston,

welcome to america. it seemed a few months ago that you had won. the man you wanted out was gone. and there was celebration. how would you describe your feelings now with 40,000 troops on your eastern border? >> i am extremely worried about my country. about ukraine, about my people. i am -- i feel -- i think the same as a lot of ukrainians who feel betrayed. because when we gave up the third biggest nuclear weapon in the world just to keep peace in the whole world. and the country which took a commitment to protect our bor r

borders now, this country is the main aggressor. and it is really a betrayal. because we were brotherhood countries and nations. and now we have to find to -- to fight for our -- just to fight for stability. >> right. >> to stay independent. and that is very painful. but i feel determined about that. i feel -- i feel that we will never give up. because that is our country. and that is outsir future. we'll have this prosperous future. because we gave too much. these people who died, they could never die in vain. we will do everything we can to protect our independence and to have our future as we want it. >> but yulia, what about the possibilities of a civil war?

we get the sense that much of your eastern half of the country loves russia and would rather be part of russia. is that true? what is the real breakdown? what is the real split? >> you know, a lot of types -- about ukraine. in the world's media. but it is better for you to talk to your underground journalists, who saw everything with their eyes. our country is not split. we have -- we lived for all the years with independence peacefully. i am from kiev, where most of the people speak russian. we are a bilingual society. we respect nationalities. the crimean tartars, they are

afraid of russia persecution. we are not divided. all of us, we want one thing. we want to live in a safe and prosperous home. it doesn't matter what language you are speaking. it matters, the only thing that matters, if you want to -- if you love ukraine, and if you want to be a part of ukraine and believe me, these people want, because after -- like i read the statistics in "the new york times." and it was written only 6% of people in the ukraine want to be a part of russia. >> 6%. >> 6%. well, yulia, we want to move on but i thank you for your passion. you have values that all of our audience can relate to. and we appreciate you taking the time to articulate. >> i am very grateful for your time. and i just want you to know we are standing now, not only for ukraine but for values of freedom and human rights.

thank you for your time. >> of course, yulia, thank you. and to talk about the stakes here, the military implications. the former assistant secretary of state. general, thank you for being here. general, she makes an impassi impassioned case. of course, the military's will to get into ukraine is almost nil right now. but talk us through what has to happen for us to get involved in some way in this crisis. >> well, first of all, the great betrayal is not that the russians have abandoned the ukrainians, but the west has abandoned the ukrainians. the fact is we're seeing divisions trying to separate this. this is a part, as we said many times this week part of the great chess border where putin is trying to push out his borders to protect him against europe. you can almost hear the echos of

czechoslovakia, where they came back believing it was peace in our time during the munich conference. we know the delaying of strength and the waffling of countries only leads to more provocation. weakness leads to provocation, strength leads to deterrence. >> so there are four parties to meet on thursday, the united states, the eu, also russia and the ukraine. putin has invoked -- he is on the phone with angela merkel today from germany saying they're on the brink of civil war. do you see this becoming a proxy war? >> well, as yulia pointed out very correctly, ukrainians on ukrainians, these are the russians creating the conditions so that the russians may intend to come in and occupy this land. the word ukraine means "border," just like in croat, the crimea

was the border area. this was his buffer zone, putin's buffer zone between the east and west. he wants to restore that border, he doesn't want russia on the gates. the fact that the europeans and the americans are afraid to stand up to putin, i think, in fact is going to cause things to be far worse than better. >> so what would be a smart move on your -- estimation? would you give them weapons? they don't have the bodies, first of all? >> well, look, let's be candid, and this is not fun to say. but we stood for 45 years on the inter-german border defending europe against the communist bloc. there is no reason why a reasonable preventible

deployment of troops wouldn't be seen by putin as a sign of deterrence and strength. instead we show weakness, and vascillation. we have to understand when democracies show weakness, the demagogues step in. and that is exactly what is happening here. >> okay, general, it sounds like you're endorsing boots on the ground in this crisis. but let's switch to another one, this is breaking news, i don't know if you have seen this video. it shows a large gathering of al-qaeda leaders in yemen. this includes nasir al-wuhayshi, the leader. now, this leaves the question of whether or not the u.s. couldn't get a drone here in time. what do you believe this says about al-qaeda?

>> well, first of all this administration tried to tell us al-qaeda was destroyed. then they said no, it is just al-qaeda core in pakistan. we have to be concerned about these affiliates. i spent time in that region, including yemen. we're seeing a coalescing of these places, not only in iraq but syria, and sooner or later if they get stronger they will be a direct threat to the united states of america. >> and how did this bubble up without our knowledge? >> well, i can't answer that question because i don't know the intelligence that has been provided to this administration, whether this has been known or not known. so we can only speculate that while this has remained classified. i don't think it is a secret to people who have the proper clearances. the question is why didn't we

know, the question is what are we going to do about it? >> and what would your guess be on what our next step is that, united states' next step. i keep saying the royal we as a proud american and will get in trouble with that. what should the u.s. do? >> well, first of all it is conducting limited strikes. but what it is also doing is strengthening the capabilities of the local forces, whether they're yemeni, or iraqi, but frankly a lot of this is coming out of the cancer in northern syria, and until the situation in northern syria is dealt with this cancer of al-qaeda will simply grow. >> general, we really appreciate your time and insight tonight. we hope to see you again. and we'll have an update on the flight 370 search. also out of boston, police

detonated a bag near the marathon finish line. a backpack blown up by a robot, without further incident. a second bag was been worn by an individual who was confronted by officers and later escorted out of the area, obviously taking no chances today on the anniversary. we'll bring you further word as soon as we get it. and also talk about imagine running your first boston marathon next week. the emotion of that having survived last year's bombing. we'll talk to a woman who was caught up in the horror. she is not only running for her life but the life of her best friend. (vo) you are a business pro.

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♪ oh say can you see ♪ >> that was the scene in boston this afternoon, solemn flag-raising ceremony, on the spot where one year ago today there were explosions and screams and deadly violence that brought that city's marathon to a sudden and shocking stock. today, a day to reflect and remember the dead watch a marathon, every year you go i'm going to run that one.

and this time last year se bream that was with her best friend and they say we are going to run next year and they had no idea how they their lives were going to change. >> it has been a few years since they became bffs. >> i was like who's? >> i was like oh, my god sabrina. >> they would run 5 ks together. >> and always spent the event of the year together. >> marathon day in boston is the best day of the year. >> it is like new year's eve in the middle of spring. >> and we take the day off and go toe same bar. that's me. >> you behind the middle box. >> that's roseanne. >> that's the bomber. >> they had no idea they picked the worst spot to cheer a friend

racing past at 2:49 p.m. >> the bag was right here so roseanne was in this area. i was just propped up on the fence like this. i was holding on like this. i had my phone out. so i got blown back. so probably like to this area on my back. and when i came to or the smoke cleared i got on my hands ands niece and i was doing this looking for my phone but i remember thinking i need to find my friends. i'm here with my friends. where did they go? >> it looked like a war scene. it really did. only way i can describe it. a lot of smoke. a lot of burning smells.

debris everywhere. limbs not attached. >> oh, lord. >> anymore which was really difficult. those are the scenes i can never, ever get out of my mind. >> sabrina walked away, shook up, ears ringing but virtually unscathed but there would be real pain and it came hours later when she found roseanne at the hospital and learned her friend lost a leg. pain in the form of survivor's guilt. >> i was with her that day. we spent the day together. it was our plan. she was literally one person over from me. i feel that i want to share her pain. i want to share -- if i can't take it away -- i just wish

there was something that i could have done. >> is it a sense you wish you were suffering as badly as she? >> yes. >> really? >> uh-huh. >> so -- >> i feel guilty that i was right next to her and nothing happened. nothing happened to me. >> nothing you can see. but obviously the wound is emotional. >> yeah, it's emotional. it's internal. it's taken months and months, a year to realize that i'm extremely lucky to be alive. i'm extremely lucky to still have my friends here with me. >> sabrina became obsessed with coverage of the tsarnaev manhunt and attended the and arraignment of the surviving suspect. >> what did you think when you saw him. >> i wasn't angry. i don't feel a connection to him at all.

what i thought is he looked really young. he looks like a child. >> so you are not filled with hatred to this person? >> no. honestly i don't. what's that going to solve to feel anger or hatred toward anyone? roseanne's leg isn't coming back, and dwelling on what happened isn't going to make anything better. we have the rest of our lives to live and be happy. >> which will include running her first marathon on monday to honor roseanne and even raise a little money to help mer friend buy a spare prosthesis. >> i always wanted to run. i was given an opportunity to run as a survivor. i'm a little afraid. >> are you? >> yeah, i am. >> of another attack or -- >> yeah. i am. i think about it.

i trust the security. it's always in the back of my mind but i always get through every single day knowing i was already in a terrorist attack and what are the odds it's going to happen again. so i also like to think that everybody where i am everybody else is safe. >> i want to hang out with you. >> i like to think i'm a much better positive person because i almost died. i should be hurt and i wasn't. i'm lucky to be alive. i truly feel that every day is a blessing. that might sound like a cliche but to me it's not. >> not a cliche at all, sabrina. we'll be right back. ...we'll be here at lifelock doing our thing: you do your connect to public wi-fi thing protecting you in ways your credit card company alone can't. get lifelock protection and live life free.

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this is cnn breaking news. we are getting dramatic pictures of the breaking news out of south korea. a passenger ship with 450 people on board sinking off the southwest korean coast with a rescue operation underway. among the passengers, 320 students traveling with several teachers to a resort island. there are 20 crew members on board. the coast guard confirms to cnn that 56 passengers have been rescued. look at that.

reminiscent of the coast concordia. before we leave you an update on flight 370, 40 days since it vanished. the bluefin-21 in the middle of the ocean and don lemon will have more details in his special report which starts at the top of the hour. this is cnn breaking news. this is a cnn special report. the mystery of flight 370. i'm don lemon. bluefin-21, the navy's underwater vehicle is searching the floor of the southern yand ocean at this hour. it was sent down 12 hours ago and is expected to remain in the water for another 12 hours or so until 10:00 a.m. eastern time on wednesday. we have learned this afternoon that engineers now believe they can program bluefin to go deeper than originally planned. the firstis