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tv   The Sixties  CNN  June 12, 2014 9:00pm-11:01pm PDT

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walker bush, skydiving in maine. the same way he celebrated turning 75, 80, 85, and now 90. >> susan, thank you very much. that does it for us tonight. we'll see you again at 11 p.m. eastern. cnn's original series, the sixties starts now. in a man's life, there were two emotional experiences burned into his heart and brain. and no matter what happens to me i'll remember november 22nd as long as i live. >> there has been an attempt on the life of president kennedy. >> they are combing the floors of the building to find the assassin. >> i'm just a patsy. >> oswald has been fired at point blank range, fired into his stomach. >> police are working on the assumption that oswald's murder was to shut him up. >> killed john kennedy. >> a story that has been
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suppressed. witnesses have been killed. we have a right to know who killed our president and why he died. ♪ ♪ ♪
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in dallas, preparations were already under way for extraordinary police protection when the president should arrive. >> do you anticipate any trouble on the president's arrival? >> because of what has happened here previously we would be foolish, i think, not to anticipate some trouble. i don't really -- really i don't anticipate any violence. >> here comes air force number one, the president's plane now touching down. there is mrs. kennedy, and the crowd yells. and the president of the united states. and i can see his sun tan all the way from here. >> looking at how things actually went it was not just a trip to dallas, it was a political trip preparing for the 1964 elections.
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>> shaking hands now with the dallas people, governor and mrs. connelly, the governor on the left. >> it was using his influence to get all the fighting democrats in texas to come together before the election the next year. >> and here comes the president now. in fact he is not in his limo, he is reaching across the fence shaking hands. >> in those days everybody could get a lot closer to the president. i was standing behind mrs. kennedy and saw a hand reach through the chain link fence and break off one of the roses. >> thousands trying to get through the fence, the dallas police trying to keep them back. >> this is great for the people and makes the egg shells even thinner for the secret service, whose job it was to guard the man. >> it was pretty hard to write a script in texas for going any better. >> thousands will be on hand for the motorcade, which will be in
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downtown dallas. >> a number of my classmates were there, my father had been invited to have lunch with kennedy at the trade center. is there was a mood, a climate of excitement. >> the speech of president kennedy at the dallas trade market will be broadcast by radio. stay tuned for the dallas speech at the trade mart. ♪ ♪ ♪ yeah, big boss man ♪ ♪ ♪ well you ain't ♪ ♪ you just taller than us all ♪
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>> this bulletin just into the news. three shots were fired at the motorcade of president kennedy. >> three radios are carrying that the president has been hit. >> parkland hospital has been advised to stand by for a severe gunshot wound. >> this is walter cronkite, in the news room. there has been an attempt on the life of president kennedy. just turn the mike on. i can't hear you, johnny -- you want me to move back a little bit? is it all right now? is this all right? ladies and gentlemen, i would like to introduce to you the chief cameraman. bert, we have brought the people pretty much up to date. would you tell us what you know.
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>> well, i was standing at the trade mart, waiting for his arrival there. all of a sudden we saw them approaching, they didn't slow down, as a matter of fact, they were going 70 or 80 miles past us. and then i jumped into the car. they were heading to park land. >> they were hollering for a stretcher. >> what happened? >> then the president came in behind him and they took both of them. >> albert thomas, democrat of texas is standing outside the corridor of the emergency room said he has been told the president was still alive but in very critical condition. >> the president has not arrived here. a group of secret service men and other officials has gathered where the president normally would enter and discussing
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heatedly with one another some subject or other, of course we have no idea what. >> now, here is an announcement from the platform. mr. eric johnson with an announcement. >> it is true our president in the motorcade, has been shot. we shall tell you as much as we know as soon as we know anything. thank you. replace your laptop? start with the best writing experience. make it incredibly thin. add an adjustable kickstand, a keyboard, a usb port, and the freedom of touch.
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captain obvious: this is a creepy room. man: oh hey, captain obvious. captain obvious: you should have used hotels.com. their genuine guest reviews are written by guests who have genuinely stayed there. instead of people who lie on the internet. captain: here's a review, it's worse in person. a gentleman just walked in our studio that i am meeting for the first time, as well as you. may i have your name, sir?
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>> my name is mr. zaputa. >> zaputa? >> yes, sir. >> will you tell us your story. >> i got up about a half hour earlier, in order to shoot some pictures. we were there on palmer street. and i asked joe to wave to him. and i waved -- >> that is all right, sir. >> as he was waving back he was -- the shot rang out and he slumped down in his feet. >> and then this next one popped and governor connelly grabbed his stomach and kind of laid over to his side. and president kennedy reached up and grabbed his ear and blood just started gushing out. >> did you see the person who fired it? >> no, i didn't see the person who fired the weapon. >> you only heard it? >> i only heard it and i looked up and saw this man running up this hill.
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>> if it was a conspiracy, not only the governor was hit, the president, johnson's car pulls into the emergency bay at parkland hospital. four agents reach in and grab johnson and pull him out and start to run him down one corridor. looking for a safe place. >> mr. johnson, his whereabouts are being kept secret for security reasons. if anyone knows where mr. johnson is, it is not us at this moment. >> it was a signal moment in our history. suddenly it occurred to us the right thing to do is turn on the television. >> we continue this program in a confused and fragmentary fashion. it was odd because there were no commercials. it was just a continuous experience. >> two priests have entered the
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emergency room at parkland hospital where he rests after the assassination attempt which now was about a half hour ago. >> what are your feelings right now, ma'am? >> i'm absolutely shocked. we have the same birthday. i am just crazy about him. >> who would want to shoot the president? what did he do? i mean, he has been doing so much for the country. who would want to kill him? >> two priests who are with kennedy say he is dead of bullet wounds. >> this is the latest information we have some dallas. i will repeat with the greatest regret two priests who were with president kennedy say he has died of bullet wounds. >> the assistant press secretary was filling in for the regular press secretary.
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and then he had to draw himself up to give the most fateful announcement that a press secretary might have ever had to give. >> all the cameras were rolling and i remember he put his fingers on the desk to stop his hands from trembling. >> john f. kennedy died at 1:00 central standard time. today here in dallas he died of a gunshot wound to the brain. i have no other details regarding the assassination of the president. >> the people standing here are stunned just as all of us are beyond belief.
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that the president of the united states is dead. >> all over the world people are going to remember all their lives what they were doing when they first heard that president kennedy had been killed. >> the crowds are standing around in silence and sorrow in the rain. the strange thing is you don't even notice it is raining. and if you do notice you don't care. >> i just can't believe it. i feel like someone in my own family has died. i just can't believe it. >> ma'am? >> i can't -- like a daze, you don't know what is going on. why? why did it happen? who would have done such a thing. >> in the first minutes and hours, chaos and confusion was radiating up from the scene itself. it was very pervasive. >> the secret service agents thought the gunfire came from an
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automatic weapon, coming possibly from a grassy knoll. >> i thought they were chasing a gunman and i ran with them. >> the report is that the attempted assassin, we now hear it was a man. >> they looked up just as the shot was filed and saw a rifle being drawn from a fifth or sixth floor window. >> it was originally thought that the shots came from here, and now it is believed the shots came from here. >> they are going to continue searching in that building for the would-be assassin of the president. >> in the federal downtown building, they are combing the area in an effort to find the suspected assassin.
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>> in the building we found a window that had been partially blocked off by boxes of books. and also the three spent shells that apparently had been fired from a rifle. >> crime lab lieutenant day came out of the building with a british .303 rifle. >> a high-powered army or japanese rifle. >> a .3030 rifle. >> in dallas, just a short while ago, a police officer was shot. >> the officer was shot three times in the chest in the oak cliff section of dallas. then the manager of a shoe store saw the suspect walk into the
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texas theater. >> someone has been arrested in a downtown theater. they don't know if it was the person who actually shot president kennedy. >> they dragged him out of the theater, hustled. as the crowd started to break they grabbed this man and tried to run with him. the officers hustled him into the car and ran away just as fast as they could. >> as we mentioned a short while ago a number of arrests have been made in dallas in the wake of president kennedy's death. we've seen one of those arrests in the downtown area. this is just after a dallas policeman was shot in the vicinity of a downtown movie house. >> paul bentley. >> he approached him, and as he approached him the man hit him in the face, reaching for a pistol.
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and as he reached for his pistol i grabbed him along with two or three other officers. >> what did he say after he was arrested? >> he just said this is it. it is all over with now. in pursuit of all things awesome, amazing, and that's epic, bro, we've forgotten just how good good is. good is setting a personal best before going for a world record. good is swinging to get on base before swinging for a home run. [ crowd cheering ] good is choosing not to overshoot the moon, but to land right on it and do some experiments. ♪ so start your day off good with a coffee that's good cup after cup. maxwell house. ♪ good to the last drop
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>> this is a picture of him. probably does not look exactly like this now. after he has been questioned. that is lee oswald. >> the president was shot. and a police officer is shot. and someone named lee harvey oswald is arrested. oswald may be a suspect in the
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assassination. who is he? >> lee oswald of dallas, a former marine who spent some time in russia who at one time had applied for soviet citizenship. >> the description that we had of the suspect in oak cliff was similar to the description we had and the man we had and the man we were looking for as the assassin. but at that time we were not able to connect it to him in any way. >> down in the third floor corridor, a crowd of cameramen reporters wait for the possibility to see the man accused of killing the president and a dallas police officer. >> now, apparently a great deal of confusion. mr. oswald has come through the door. i don't know if you saw him, oswald lives at 1026 meckley. he is an employee of the book buying firm in the building. which the secret the secret servicemen believe the president was shot there today.
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>> mrs. kennedy, from the ambulance to the hospital. >> everybody in the emergency room, the hospital was -- on the first floor they came and said we would have to remove the remains to a casket. >> lyndon johnson ordered that we immediately bring it to air force one. so there is a tug of war. they almost shot the crucifix off as they were trying to get the coffin into the hospital. >> one of the secret service men, well, about two or three of them got into the hearse and just drove off and left the rest of them just standing there. >> vice president johnson is expected to be sworn in as president on board of airliner
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before flying back to the nation's capital. >> not everyone realized that johnson was already the president, because he in fact had taken the oath in january '61, the same oath the president takes. >> johnson wanted to show the american people that the government was functioning without interruption. and also perhaps he wanted to show that his predecessor's family bore him no ill will for the assassination. >> lyndon johnson is flying back to washington to take the reins of government, at which time president johnson will have to take into his hands the reins of the most powerful nation in the world. >> we see november 22nd, 1963 as a date the president was killed. but it was also a date when the president was created.
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>> is there any doubt in your mind, chief, that this is the man who killed the president? >> i think this is the man who killed the president. >> is there any evidence that anybody else was linked to the shooting of the president? >> at this time we don't believe so. >> i don't know what this is all about. >> sir? >> i work in that building. >> were you in the building at that time. >> were you in the building at that time? >> naturally if i work in the building, yes, sir. the fact -- >> what time did you leave? >> i'm just a patsy. >> this is room 317, homicide bureau here at the dallas police station. as you see they are bringing the weapon, that was allegedly used in the assassination of president john f. kennedy this afternoon at 12:30 here in dallas.
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>> apparently made an enemy in 1940. >> police had placed the rifle purchased in chicago by mail order to oswald. handwriting experts have established that the handwriting on the purchase order was in fact made by oswald. at the price of $12.78. the life of the president of the united states apparently was bought. >> in the wake of the kid assassination, the dallas police, on the one hand they were committing all their resources to trying to solve the crime. >> on the other hand, they were ill equipped to handle this tsunami of reporters. >> well, i was questioned by the judge, however, i protested at that time that i was not allowed legal representation.
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>> in bringing oswald out they were of course doing something that you would never see happen today. but they were trying to cooperate with the press with the understanding that there would not be questions shouted at him. >> did you kill the president? >> no, i have not been charged with that in fact nobody has said that to me yet. the first thing i heard about it when the newspaper reporters in the hall asked me that question. >> you have been -- >> sir? >> you have been charged. >> oswald -- >> a policeman hit me. at 1:35 this morning a complaint was read and charged that quote, lee harvey oswald did voluntarily and with malice aforethought, did kill the president.
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oswald said, that is ridiculous. >> within hours, the assassination, it was very obvious to virtually everyone in dallas law enforcement that oswald had killed kennedy. >> chief, can you tell us in summary what directly links oswald to the killing of the president. >> well, the fact that he was on the floor where the shots were fired and the fact that he was seen carrying a package to the building. >> when did he carry the package in. >> yesterday morning. >> oswald was the only employee at the book depository, he pulls his gun on the arresting officer. during 12 hours of interrogation by the dallas police department over the weekend he told one
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provable lie after another. >> did you buy that rifle? >> just as past as you people have been given. >> more than a day or so there after when they discovered what the complete nut this guy was they were satisfied beyond all reasonable doubt that oswald had acted alone. >> there is only one thing that i can tell you without going into the evidence that this case is cinched, that this man killed the president. no doubt about it. >> we plan to transfer this man, he will be here by no later than 10 a.m. >> sir, do you have a concern for the safety of your people in view of the assassination of the president? >> no, precautions will be taken, of course. but no, i don't think that the people will try to take the
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lee oswald is to be taken soon to the county jail. >> to is true.
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>> and you are going to take him there how, sir? >> we are going to use an armored motor vehicle to take him. >> dallas police meant to transfer lee into the regular prison during the night to avoid the press. and then someone must have overruled them so that lee could be photographed by the press during the transfer. >> we're standing by waiting for the transfer of oswald from city jail to county jail. and for that report, here is abc's big lord. >> bill, what is the situation? >> well, i'm presently in the basement of the building, the officials are frankly worried. they don't want anything to happen to oswald. >> there is news room, and photographers and policemen, that lee oswald will be brought to the vehicle for a transfer to the dallas county jail.
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a distance of about 15 blocks, which ironically was just across from the scene where president kennedy was assassinated friday. >> the anticipation has built up. they're waiting in front of the dallas county jail waiting for a glimpse of oswald. >> let me have it. i want it. >> being led out by captain fritz. >> he has been shot! he has been shot. lee oswald has been shot. there is a man with a gun. there is absolute panic here in the basement of the dallas police headquarters. detectives have their guns drawn. there is no question about it,
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oswald has been shot at point blank range in his stomach. >> he has been shot. >> the man was shot -- >> that is the man that shot the man. >> immediately after the shooting our only witnesses that we could talk to were other reporters. >> where did he go? >> he was here, they just put their guns down, i saw the flash -- i saw him, he was in a group of men right here. >> waiting with one of us, or what? >> i thought he was one of the detectives, you know, he had had a hat. >> the situation was that lee harvey oswald has been shot. the man who saw the shot fired said it was fired by a man wearing a black hat, a brown coat, a man that everyone down here thought was a secret service agent. >> we can hear sirens outside.
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and the ambulance outside apparently is down in the -- down in the basement. >> and oswald is being removed now. the ambulance is being pulled up in front of us here. here comes oswald. he is ashen and unconscious at this time now being moved in. he is not moving. he is in the ambulance now. the attendants and the police are quickly moving in. the ambulance is leaving dallas headquarters. >> where will he be taken? >> i'm assuming parkland hospital. >> the parkland hospital, ironies of ironies, the place where john f. kennedy died. >> and i believe the man -- >> keep your head up, let's start again. what is your are reaction to the shooting of oswald?
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>> well, i think it is a deplorable situation. the man is entitled to a fair trial. >> they should give him a fair trial, because killing him like that, that is not going to bring him back to life. >> they should not only shoot him but cut him up in pieces. >> put him every one hour in the fire and stand him up for one day and the next day start again. >> thank you. >> i think it is the man. >> what does he look like? >> i can't give you a description. he is known locally. >> immediately after the ambulance left somehow i had begun to suspect that maybe the shooter was someone who was known to the police. >> do you know this subject? do you know him? have you seen him before? >> yes, i do. >> is he from dallas?
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>> i couldn't tell you. >> do you know what kind of business he happens to be in? >> bob, i wouldn't want to say. >> dallas city hall is normally a public building. but today it was really under armed guard. >> we -- is this a confirmed report as to who did the shooting? >> as far as i know, i just got it. >> vic robertson from city hall reports that jack ruby, the owner of the carousel, which is a bar in dallas, did the shooting. >> my statement will be very brief. oswald expired at 1:07 p.m. he died at 1:07 p.m. we have
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arrested the man, the man will be charged with murder. >> who was he? >> the suspect's name is jack rubenstein, i believe. he goes by the name of jack ruby. >> and here at associated press, there is a still picture of the moment the split second, as the shot was fired. >> this is the man dallas police have identified as jack rubenstein. and this of course, is lee harvey oswald. you see the gun in the hand of ruby and just about to be fired. >> i knew my own feelings, and i think they will believe, as most americans, this can't be a coincidence. the assassin is shot inside the police station. what is going on. >> just learned from a source that the police are working on the assumption that there indeed is a connection between jack
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ruby and lee oswald. and that in some manner of speaking oswald's murder was to shut him up. >> he just told me that ruby said he did it, it was his gun and he had developed a tremendous grievance over the president. >> he thought he would be a big, big hero. he killed the president. >> i think he ought to win the congressional honor for it. a lot of good american citizens think he did exactly the right thing in shooting down this communist. >> word just came down that the chief said that president kennedy's assassination is now closed with the death of oswald. it may not, however, be the opinion of the u.s. secret service or the federal bureau of investigation. replace your laptop?
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our nation is bereaved. the whole world is poorer because of his loss. but we can all be better americans because john fitzgerald kennedy has passed our way. because he has been our chosen leader, at a time in history when his character, his vision, and his quiet courage have enabled him to chart a course for us. a safe course for us. through the souls of treacherous seas that encompass the world. and now that he is relieved of the almost super human burden we imposed on him, pay he rest in peace. >> dallas today had even more to
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mourn. it held funeral services for one of its own who was a victim of friday's tragedy. officer j.d.tippit. >> there was another funeral today, the funeral of lee harvey oswald. the pathetic group of mourners included his mother, his wife, marina, his brother, robert, and oswald's two children, one of them, a babe in arms. the six pall bearers you see here are news men. there were not enough relatives
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on hand to serve as pall bearers. >> now there is a new flag of the president of the united states flying in the white house. in kennedy's old office, his secretary and her aides have removed every scrap, every vestige of the personal signs of president kennedy. >> we know from history that one test of societies is how do they handle the transfer of power at the top? lyndon johnson, whatever you thought of him and a lot of people disliked him greatly, some even hated him, would be the president of the united states. i think it shouted about the strength of the country and that you swear by the rule of law. >> the president of the united states.
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>> my fellow americans. all i have i would have give up gladly not to be standing here today. >> johnson knows he has to show the country that the ship of state is sailing on under a new captain. but at the same time, he can't appear to be too anxious to assume power, and he has to keep the kennedy people on board with him. so that speech means everything. >> no words are strong enough to express our determination to continue the forward trust of america that he began.
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[ applause ] >> the people of europe cannot believe that a lone avenger made his way in a major police station and killed without difficult it the most celebrated and infamous criminal in the united states. >> one of the most important things that happened after oswald's murder was that we, you know, were forever denied the why. people at the time believed he did it. question was, why. >> there are questions continually coming up about the possibility of an international plot. >> there were still questions that the russians might be behind it or cuba might be behind it. johnson sees a real danger in that. you want to put these rumors to rest. >> investigations into all of the facts of the last four days may not be limited to the state
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of texas or the fbi. some congressmen have suggested a congressional investigation. >> killing a president wasn't a federal crime at the time. so you had the federal government intervening in still what was a local murder. there certainly was a concern of competing investigations. there was the dallas criminal investigation. there was the state of texas court of inquiry and there were committees on both sides of congress while of course, the fbi had been given the job to conduct a full-scale investigation. >> johnson realizes something has to be done. he realizes that he has to appoint a body, that the public will respect to look into this. >> i've got to have a presidential commission to investigate the assassination. i will ask -- >> there is one public governmental official in the
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united states universally respected for his integrity, it is the chief justice of the supreme court, earl warren. if there is one person in congress that everyone respects, it's richard russell of georgia. he has to get them both on the commission. there is, however, a problem. russell is a segregationist through and through. and despises warren for the decisions that he's made on the court. >> johnson thought, if they can agree on a verdict, then it ought to satisfy 95% of american public opinion. >> director 2191. >> how did you think about the connections, i couldn't sit with chief justice warren. i don't like that man. >> you can serve with anybody for the good of america, and you're going to do it. i can arrest you, and i'm not going to put the fbi on you, but you're damn sure going to serve, i'll tell that you. >> lyndon johnson was known as the greatest salesman one on one who ever lived.
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so he meets first with warren. he says, if i ask you to put on your uniform and fight for america, you do it. i'm asking you to fight for america in a different way. then johnson has to get richard russell. it's been done. it's announced. >> you mean you -- >> yes, sir. i made the announcement. it is already in the papers, with you on it. >> i think you did wrong getting warren. and did wrong getting me. but i'll do the best. >> that's what you do. that american of you. ♪ [ girl ] my dad, he makes underwater fans that are powered by the moon. ♪ he can print amazing things, right from his computer. [ whirring ] [ train whistle blows ] he makes trains that are friends with trees. [ train whistle blows ]
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see how fast your internet can be. switch now and add voice and tv for $34.90. comcast business. built for business. produced by nbc news, which is solely responsible for its content. >> the warren commission appointed friday night will investigate and make a report on the murder. as yet, it has said nothing about how it will proceed or when. in the meantime, again, the fbi is investigating every lead it can find and will turn its report over to president johnson, probably this week. >> it was the fbi's hope that its report would be, if not the final word, the semifinal word, and that commission's job would be to read it and essentially endorse the findings of the report. >> the members of the warren commission, earl warren, john sherman cooper, allen dulles,
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jerry ford, hale boggs, richard russell and john j. mccloy, realized at their initial meeting that they had to do an initial investigation. they didn't want to be a stand for the fbi or secret service. >> there are three issues that the commissioner had to grapple with. did oswald commit the physical act of the murder. and even if he did the physical act, did he have forces behind him. and then, of course, what's ruby's involvement in this. >> you had various branches of the investigation traveling, interviewing witnesses, collecting evidence, bringing it back to the commission. >> let's see, the time of day was about -- well, we're not very far -- >> there were questions, how would they deal with the different stories about shooters from the grassy knoll and shooters from different directions.
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>> the lawyers from the commission took 395 depositions. and there were 94 witnesses that appeared before the commission. >> lyndon johnson wants the report out so it doesn't interfere with the election in november. >> warren left for dallas. he was a man who spent his early career as a prosecutor. he understood the crime scene. he wanted to stand in the window and see if this was a shot a marksman could make. while there, he felt he should talk it ruby. there were questions that ruby shot oswald to silence him. so he wanted to talk to ruby himself. >> the commission realized they would have to invest a lot more time than was anticipated. maybe a two to three-month operation to the conception that they will take probably six months. >> the hour glass of time was running out on that. >> can you still say you think it was one man? >> i think we better not get into that area, you know.
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the report will cover all of that in great detail. >> ten months, then brought forth a document close to a thousand pages. president johnson received that report today. >> what the public understood and what i understood is these were very honorable men. they thought that the commissioned done a good job, and they would come up with an answer. >> when the warren commission report came out, i believed it. we were still in a time when you tended to believe what officials told you. >> it is now 15 seconds after 6:30 p.m. eastern daylight time sunday september 27th. as of this moment, the report of the president's commission is public record. for the next half hour, we will search it for answers. first must come the answers to the two great overriding
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questions. who killed john f. kennedy. the commission answers unequivocally, lee harvey oswald. was oswald acting alone or was he a member of a conspiracy? the commission answers, he acted alone. >> we knew most people were not going to read all of the warren commission report. so cbs news wanted it bring an understandable air to the public at large what was found. >> there was nothing to support the speculation that oswald was an agent, employee or informant of the fbi or cia or any other governmental agency. oswald owned the murder right, mail-order purchase slip for that rifle was in his handwriting. oswald's palm print was found on a surface of the gun. >> the media had all concluded that this was the most exhaustive investigation. case closed. oswald did it alone. >> the commission concludes that three shots were fired.
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all of them from this sixth floor window in the texas school book depository. >> accumulative evidence of eyewitness firearms and ballistic experts and medical authorities demonstrated that the shots were fired from above and behind president kennedy and governor connolly. >> when the warren commission came out with their report, the majority of americans accepted the findings of the warren commission. >> the bullet entered here. came out just below the president's adam's apple. the commission believes the same bullet then entered the right shoulder of governor connolly, passed through his chest, continued through his right wrist and on into his left thigh. >> the report is generally accepted throughout the country. i think it reflect the fairness with which they went into it. and i think at least it dispelled many of the rumors and speculations that surrounded this very tragic event. >> well, i'm quite satisfied. it's been very well covered
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entirely. it leaves no doubt in my mind -- >> in the end, we find confronting each other the liar, misfit, defector on the one hand, and seven distinguished americans on the other. and yet exactly here we must be careful that we do not say too much. oswald was never tried for any crime and perhaps therefore there will forever be questions of substance and detail. raised by amateur detectives, professional skeptics and serious student as well. we are the jury, all of us. in america with and throughout the world. >> the reaction to the report initially was very positive. but that didn't last very long. >> this book is the number one best seller on the non-fiction list in the country. "rush to judgment" by mark lane. it is in the recent ground swell of skepticism of the findings of the warren report. >> we did not envision that the breadth and scope of the
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criticism. >> the author has highly controversial things to say. so please greet mr. mark lane. no matter how illustrious members were, we were not going to be reassured by a commission. >> already having a little disagreement here. >> well, the commercials were on. what are you saying, david? >> i think i disagree almost totally with mark lane on several counts. i don't know where to begin. >> let me show you something, just in case we have a chance. that's a picture of jack ruby. this is five minute after the assassination in front of the texas school book depository building. the commission said ruby was not there. this is how the commission published it. he wasn't there when they published the picture because they cropped him out. tell me something about some facts instead of your deep faith of chief justice. >> you you are deliberate malfeasance. >> you are preventing the american people from knowing what happened. >> you are alarming the american people. >> the american people should be
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alarmed. >> the american people were kept out of the picture for so long but had an undying quench to find the facts. >> we deserve to know how the president died. >> the critics of the warren commission have three different point of view. one, we were simply incompetence tent. two, we were thoroughly corrupt. then, both of the above. >> i want someone to tell me that to my face. replace your laptop? start with the best writing experience. make it incredibly thin. add an adjustable kickstand, a keyboard, a usb port, and the freedom of touch. and, of course, make it run microsoft office,
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news stands, in the super markets. now according to a recent poll, only one in three americans remains convinced that the warren report has the whole story. >> when you have a great number of people devoting their lives to look in at every word, every comma, they can create a lot of miss chief. >> i believe firmly that ruby and oswald knew each other. and certainly tippit and ruby knew each other. tell me, what kind of conspiracy? communist? left ring, right wing conspiracy? >> i'm convinced there were two rifleman. >> you know there was a commission at the request and urging of the communist party. >> he was working for somebody else and that person could be anyone else -- >> there is no possibility of
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having been in the sixth floor window of the texas school book depository. >>. [ inaudible ] >> there was an entire world of assassination but some raised valid questions. >> could a bully done as much come out looking like bullet 399? >> it is another one of the very many highly improbables that we are asked to accept by the warren commission, if we are to accept the validity of their full report. >> some had completely mad theories. >> cody was killed by a karate chop to the throat in i believe, 1964. >> but everyone had a right to give their views. >> you have apparently succeeded in persuading the majority of the people that we cannot trust the most conceivable panel but to do a responsible job. >> you talk about faith in these institutions or faith in the fbi as if it is a religious
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experience, to read the warren report. i think to the contrary. you are supposed to have faith as a democracy, our own ability to look at the facts and reach our own conclusions. >> the decrease in trust started with the kennedy assassination. >> in 1966, there's this cultural revolution in the united states. a i mean, we were deeply meshed with vietnam. there's a lot of protests and riots and a sense that things have seriously gone wrong. we have began off the rails since november '63 and the warren report is a very important part of the loss of confidence in the government. >> i don't think all of the facts were brought out. i think something was held back. >> i think there were more involved in it than just oswald. >> i don't know how in the world they could ever reach a conclusion, that's ridiculous. i saw the whole thing on television. i just happened to be home at that time.
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and i don't think that oswald -- i think he was working for the cia. myself. >> why doesn't america believe the warren report? >> because of the conspiracy theory has put this case under a high power microscope. splitting hairs and preceding to split the split hairs. the kennedy case is now the most complex murder case by far in world history. nothing even remotely comes close. >> we are not with the series of critical questions about the assassination. questions which have not been answered to the satisfaction of the people of the united states. >> the president kennedy was killed, he was not killed by one man. he was shot from a number of different directions by different guns. the story has been suppressed. witnesses have been killed. and this is your country. >> we aren't trying to hide a thing from you or from mr. epstein or mr. lane or the world.
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we are laying it all out. that's right here in the notes of testimony. and if we have, transposed an error, a possibly, and probably, we are delighted to have you point it out us to. but you can do so only because we have laid it out on the line. >> the warren report said that lee harvey oswald shot president kennedy from the texas book depository. did the commission with all that time and all these resources get its answers right? tonight we'll go over those arguments one by one, area by area. as the assassination was taking place, a dallas businessman called abraham zapruder stood behind that low concrete wall looking down at elm street. >> as the president was coming down from houston street making his turn, about half way down, there was another shot.
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i couldn't tell you if there was one or two. i saw his head practically open up. all the blood and everything. i kept on shooting. >> the warren commission could use the film and each to reconstruct each moment of the assassination. >> part of the reason it captured the assassination is because it pushes us to think about something more complex. and each person who looks at it, people see different things. >> where did the shots come from? if the shots did not all come from the book depository window, then there was most likely some form of conspiracy. >> i think that the massive head wound where the president's head was literally blown apart came from the quartering angle on the grassy knoll. he's struck and his head goes, not directly back this way, but back and over this way, which consistent from the shot in that direction in newton's law of motion. >> seven men on a railroad
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bridge right here, said when shots were fired they looked toward the wooden fence and each of the seven said they saw puffs of white smoke come from here. >> underneath the green tree. you can see a little puff of smoke, looks like a puff of steam or cigarette smoke. >> when you stop to think that no one saw anyone with a gun, rifle on the grassy knoll, no expanded cartridges from a weapon found there. not one bullet other than those fired from oswald's rifle, has ever been found and linked to the assassination. >> there were two doctors and one priest who claim, who said flatly that there were entrance wounds in the president's neck. if the wound in the president's throat was an entrance wound, then clearly this would be proof that the blood came from the front. >> it is suggested that this wasn't an exit wound by the president's tie, but not a entry wound. kennedy was hit in the throat
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from the front. >> the doctor of parkland didn't want to talk about the president's injuries. but the president more or less forced him to. and the wound in the president's throat was pretty clean. he thought it was an entrance wound. >> what about this wound that you observed in the front of the president's neck. >> actually, i didn't give it much thought. i realized it would have been better had i done so. >> there was a wound in the back of the neck that had not been seen by the parkland doctors because they never turned the body over. >> you did not turn the president over? >> no. there was really no reason to. it made very little difference to me, since my immediate concern was attempted resuscitation. >> can you explain this and people will only remember that a doctor at parkland said he had been shot from possibly the front. so it's kind of trying to put the genie back in the bottle.
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>> a bullet hit the president from the back. bullet hit him from the front. the bullet which killed him came from the right front unless the laws of physics were not working that day. the reaction of the president tells us where that shot came from. >> some critics say by the very fact that in the picture you can clearly see the explosion of the bullet on the president, that certainly indicates the bullet came from the front. >> well, i don't believe any physicist ever said that. quite contrary, it does indicate the bullet was coming from behind. it is a minor explosion where pieces of material generally go in the direction of the bullet. >> if you look at the individual frames of the zapruder film, at 3:12, the president's head is okay. at frame 312, the president is struck in the head.
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and in what direction is the president's head pushed not backwards, but slightly forward. >> is there doubt that wound at the back of the president's head was the entry wound? >> there is absolutely no doubt, sir. so the all important moment of impact, the president's head is pushed forward indicating a shot from the rear, where lee harvey oswald was. you know that dream... on my count. the one where you step up and save the day? make it happen. (crowd) oh no... introducing verizon xlte. hey guys, i got it right here! we've doubled our 4g lte bandwidth in cities coast to coast. so take on more. with xlte. for best results, use verizon.
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could oswald have fired three shots in 5.6 seconds. >> there was a lot of attention being given to the zapruder film and when exactly was the president his first and hit second. >> cbs news had a target and tower track constructed to match exactly the heights and distances in dealey plaza. >> if there wasn't enough time then you would have a second shooter. >> oswald was not an expert shot. he was a good shot. but it wasn't tough at all. cbs did it. in fact, the military did it. >> those three shots he got off in 2.6 seconds. >> the zapruder film became the lens from which the assassination was seen. if it didn't happen on the zapruder film, it doesn't happen. zapruder started his film after about 70 feet into the plaza.
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oswald had the president in his sights for many seconds before that. this gets into the question, how much time did oswald have to shoot the president. >> there are so many interesting questions and problems that come from the film. we believe so much in the image. we believe so much in the sort of ultimate truth of film. and of images. then they become our memory. >> is it impossible that the bullet would have gone through president kennedy, gone through governor connolly, and not suffered any more damage than is shown in this photograph? >> i would hesitate really to say that it is absolutely 100% impossible. but it is highly improbable. >> could a single bull vet wounded both president kennedy and governor connolly? a single bullet theory has become perhaps the most controversial aspect of the report. >> if the warren report couldn't prove that one shot killed the
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men, then there were two shooters, and there's a conspiracy. >> the conspiracy they're wrists claim the second shot was a magic shot. it would have had to make a right turn and left turn in midair. president wasn't seated directly in front of connolly. >> if you look down, as i did and as others did who conducted the on-site test and had the automobile placed in the commission, it is perfectly plain, i submit to you, that bullet that exited from president kennedy's throat would have had to have struck the automobile, which it did not, or someone else in the automobile. >> to believe it didn't hit governor connolly, that real magic bullet. one that disappeared in thin air.
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>> to the courthouse for more developments on the jack ruby verdict. >> jack ruby, had just been found guilty of murder with malice and has been given the maximum sentence, death in the electric chair. after the jury deliberated 2:25. >> just what do you think of this verdict? >> i believe that jack ruby was a paid killer. to close the mouth of my son, lee harvey oswald. >> the question of whether ruby knew oswald before or was in cahoots is the question. >> people knew there was activity, there was a lot of investigation about a potential conspiracy. >> ruby would have been one of the most unlikely and worst hitmen the mob could ever get. >> on november 23, 1963, lee harvey oswald was supposed to have been transferred at 10:00. at 10:00, the evidence is undisputed jack ruby was at home asleep. than he got dressed and drove downtown.
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>> the receipt shows ruby was sending a money order to one of his strippers from a western union office from across from the courthouse at 11:17 a.m. >> we know at 11:20, three minutes later, a block away, jack kill lee harvey oswald. >> he was there from 5 to 15 second. 5 to 15 seconds. is this is a hired assassination who is supposed to have advanced information, he is the world's best coward. >> what kind of a man is he? >> jack is a the type of man that would give you the shirt off his back one moment and then turn around and do something like this the next. >> this is not in my vocabulary. >> he was known for a quick temper. later, as it turned ought, he
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was hooked on two kinds of speed. preludent and benzedrine, at the time of the shooting. >> he had been here at the police station the past two days talking to news men and distributing his card and also making friends. >> jack ruby was a police and media groupie. ruby thought he was our front friend. >> so i'm in this very same room friday night. some of you will recall he asked a question from out here. standing right back here. i didn't know who he was. i thought he was a member of the press. and he told me as he walked out of here that he with a is a nightclub operator. >> ruby's act was this of a vigilante. he wanted nothing more than to be known -- people to flock to his nightclub. to shake the hand of the man who killed the president. >> i might add, if ruby silenced oswald for the mob, who was supposed to silence jack ruby?
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he died of normal causes three years later. is now one would think that the conspiracy community would fold its tent and go home. but continued undaunted and unphased with this obsession. >> their game has fooled you. these people want the investigation stopped. they don't want a trial at all. please believe me.
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of the most recent, most spectacular development of the oswald case involves the via. it involves, too, the spectacular district attorney of new orleans. a man they call the jolly green giant. >> do you believe that lee harvey oswald did not shoot president kennedy? >> i don't want to get involved in the speculations of individuals, but i will say that there's no question about the fact that there was a plot and there were a number of individuals involved. >> in 1967, he announced, i solved the case, i found the real assassin. >> we will make arrests based on that and we will make charges based on that and obtain convictions based on that. >> you wouldn't have paid much attention to that except he was
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district attorney of new orleans. >> i spent hour after hour with jim garrison. he has presented his case to me. detail by detail. >> the mark lanes and conspiracy theorists, all flocked initially to garrison. >> and i can report that a powerful domestic force, a force that is still part of the american structure, planned and initiated those acts that resulted in the assassination of president kennedy. >> they all thought, here's a guy who's finally going to bring the case that we've been arguing about for years. >> if i seem confident, it is because our office is in its fifth year and never lost a murder case. >> the press initially built garrison up. because everybody believes no district attorney in his right mind would do this unless he had something.
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>> arrested this evening in the district attorney's office, is 1313 dauphine street, new orleans, louisiana, mr. shaw will be charged in the conspiracy to murder john f. kennedy. >> no fact or law have been apprised of these fantastic judges and assume in due course i will be placed with this information and be forwarded at opportunity to show my innocence. >> clay shaw was a very much respected businessman in new orleans. he had been a distinguished soldier during world war ii. >> clay shaw, the concept of clay shaw as being part of a conspiracy they're by was too weird to be believed. >> clay shaw is, there's a homosexual and closeted and i think that played a part. >> this decision to arrest clay shaw, i believe was intended to
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get the national media back to town. as soon as he arrested clay shaw, they all came back. >> than they realized the truth that there isn't anything there. >> garrison based his case on the certainty that he can prove clay shaw is clay or clin burkman. the name clin burkman was first introduced by dean andrews, saying a person by that name telephoned him suggesting he provide legal defense for lee oswald. >> dean described burkman as having gay tendencies and representing gays in trial. therefore, garrison must be clay shaw. that is the extent of garrison's investigation. >> do you have enough evidence now to go to trial? >> if i answered that, i shouldn't be district attorney. >> the case he built against clay shaw is based on testimony
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that did not pass a lie detector test that garrison ordered and garrison knew it. >> can you say positively that a person you knew as clin burkman is not clay shaw. >> scout honor, he is not. >> he garrison started bribing witnesses, intimidating witnesses. >> he said i would be good news right away. >> hypnotizing witnesses. >> we decided to get him objectifying machinery to make sure he is telling the truth. >> leon. >> does leon have a last name? >> oswald. >> would you say these methods are illegal? >> it is very legal and unethical. >> he had everyone involved. at one time oil millionaires. then the minute men. then a homosexual killing. >> do you feel that homosexuality or coercion to
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homosexuality was a factor in the assassination of john f. kennedy? >> no comment. >> at one point he had 16 assassins at dealey plaza. i don't know how kennedy made it to the autopsy table. >> the unlisted number appears in address books belonging to shaw and oswald. >> p gives you 7, o gives you 6. >> he rearranged letters and numbers. >> then you subtract 1300 and that gives you ruby's unlisted number. >> if it doesn't exist in 1965, now could it be jack ruby's phone number. >> well, that's for for you to think about. because you are missing the point. >> i'll tell you who is suppressing it, the federal government is suppressing it. >> who in the government in. >> the administration of your government is suppressing it because they know that central intelligence agency -- >> under whose orders? >> on the order of the president
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of the united states. >> mr. garrison has come up with no credible evidence to support any of his theorys. >> i think that it is unfortunate that the media of this country has become so hysterical for fear of what it might see that it spends a good deal of its time and energy attacking the one serious investigation. >> the results of this four months of public investigation have been to damage reputations, to spread fear and suspicion and corset of all it exploit the nation's sorrow and doubts about president kennedy's death. >> i can't make any more comments about the case except to say that anyone who thinks it is theory will be awfully surprised when it comes to trial. >> the clay shaw trial. >> clay shaw came in good
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spirits today. with his long awaited trial in way, shaw seems almost relieved his case is finally being heard. shaw sits quietly in the courthouse chain smoking cigarettes. he did not react when people talk about things like conspiracy. >> the trial went on for six weeks. it's important to know that not one witness produced by garrison survived cross-examination. they were all proven to be unreliable at best. >> the most chample thing you have ever seen. everyone knew that clay shaw couldn't possibly have been more innocent. >> in a unanimous verdict by a 12-man jury, shaw was found not guilty that he conspired to kill late president john kennedy. >> you know what first question will be, right? why did you do it. >> after the not guilty verdict, editorials around the country, this one of the darkest chapters
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of american juris prudence history is just a crime. >> from what i saw and heard, i didn't think he had proven clay shaw's guilt beyond a reasonable doubt. i would have voted not guilty for clay shaw. >> i think that garrison feels that the end justifies the means. and if he felt if he could bring to the american people what he considered the truth about the death of their president and any means whatsoever, would be used. didn't matter much who was hurt in the process. >> i would sum it up by saying any society which allows a man like jack kennedy to have the top of his head torn off, and then protects the assassins, and obstructs any inquiry, in an attempt to find the truth, is an great society. replace your laptop?
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groups, 82 assassins, and 214 people of being involved in the assassination. >> could oswald really have done this? >> as a reporter, the greatest story for us would have been to find out somebody other than oswald did it. and we tried hard to do that. but at every turn, with the kennedy assassination, things pointed to oswald as not only a shooter but the shooter and the only shooter. >> at its core, this is a very simple case. >> i don't know what this is all about. >> if a person is innocent after crime, chances are there's not going to be any evidence pointed towards guilt. why? because he's innocent. but with oswald, the physical evidence, direct and circumstantial evidence, scientific evidence, everything points towards his guilt. we'll never know why lee harvey oswald killed kennedy, because he's dead. but there are certain things we
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do know. >> at the age of 13, a probation officer said he remembered oswald as a truant, troubled boy, in need of psychiatric help without which he might turn violent. >> after starting in high school, he promptly joined the marines. oswald's marine career ended in 1959 when he was dishonorably discharged. a month later he was in moscow where he announced his plan to renounce his american citizenship. >> i would definitely say that i am a mark, that correct. but that is not mean i'm a communist. >> he desperately want to become a soviet citizen, renounce his soviet citizenship. they turn him down. what does he do? slashes his wrists. tries to commit suicide. >> lee harvey oswald had these dreams of dilutions that he had been harboring for a long time of an act that would lift him from his obscurity. >> a squad mate of his in the
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marines, said that oswald wanted to do something that 10,000 years from now people would be talking about. >> it looked to me like a stupid irrational act. the opportunity presented it self and he probably wanted to make a mark on society. >> people thought oswald was a patsy and such an infectual person, forgot that when oswald stopped and a policeman gets out unarmed to talk to him, oswald shoots him four times in the middle of the body. that, plus his previous attempt on general walker. >> interestingly on saturday morning, in a dallas morning news, it said that there may be a connection between this guy who was just arrested for killing a police officer and president kennedy. and this effort to asass nate general walker back in april. >> oswald used to attend a small
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discussion group, and he began to rail against the right wing general, edwin walker, calling for the invasion of cuba. >> general walker was about as right wing as you got in the early '60s. and oswald saw walker as an american adolf hitler. >> and oswald said someone should kill walker. he ordered a rifle with a scope and planned very meticulously his assassination of general walker. he took photographs from different angles. he figured out how to get his rifle there and how to escape. >> on march 31st, sunday, he asked marina to come out and take his photograph. >> all in black, pistol, rifle in his hand, holding a few radical newspapers. and marina writes on the back, hunter of fascists and dates it,
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april 6, 1963. >> and then he went on the night of the 10th of april, to his place and shot general walker. >> came into the house 11:30. he was so pale. nervous. i said what happened, and he told -- i try to shot general walker. >> will you describe for us just what happened last night? >> rifle shot, fired into the house. fired through the west window. and hit the cell and hit the wall across the room and went over the desk, at which i was sitting. >> he was very disappointed to find out that he missed by less than an inch. >> it shows his ability to plan who his target was and that oswald was capable of violence. >> i think that was the rosetta
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stone, that if you understood the walker shooting, you understood that lee was like a cocked rifle. and he could go off any time. >> what set the conspiracy theory about the kennedy assassination was about the congruity affair. all of it wiped out in one instance by a skinny weak little character. all stations come over to mission a for a final go. this is for real this time. step seven point two one two.
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it is true that answers to some questions leave us restless. the theory that a single bullet struck down both the president and the governor for example has too much of the long arm of coincidence about it for us to be entirely comfortable. >> it doesn't satisfy our sense of narrative or justice that a small person of no distinction
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can be at such historical consequences to killed the president of the united states. >> but what would be more comfortable, believing that a shot was fired by a second assassin who materialized out of thin air for the purpose, fired a shot, and then vanished again into thin air. leaving behind no trace of himself, his rifle, his bullet, or any other sign of existence. >> there were two groups of people. there's one group that would look at an extraordinary coincidence, a cataclysm of circumstance and say, yes, that's the way the world works. there's north group of people for whom that is quite unsettling. >> they don't want to believe that something so random could have occurred. can you believe that you can step off a curb some day and be killed by an oncoming car? nobody believes in that kind of possibility for themselves. but it happens.
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is life that fortuitous? that uncertain. >> and for them, oddly, the notion of the conspiracy is more comforting that absence of it. because if there's a conspiracy, at least there's a plan. >> i think the five bullets fired from at least two different directions, the result of a conspiracy. >> kennedy's killing touches off a belief in the idea, you can't trust government. >> there has been a loss of morale. a loss of confidence among the american people toward their own government and the men who serve it. and that is perhaps more wounding than the assassination itself. >> they've lost so much faith in government that they actually think that the government is an accessory after the fact to the president's murder, can't get too much worse than that. >> the assassination changed the '60s. america was a different place on
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the day before john f. kennedy was killed. so when you look at this america as a whole in the 20th century, you look at america in the 60s, and you say that day was a dividing day. >> i guess in the average man's life, there are two or three emotional experiences that he doesn't forget. because they're burned into his heart and his brain. and no matter what happens to me, i will remember november 2 itnd as long as i live. it is impossible for me to this day, and i'm sure ten years from now, in looking at the school dipositivetory building an impossible to drive by this morning and not think about the day president kennedy died there. it will always be with us. >> kennedy, along side other presidents, johnson, nixon,
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gerald ford, jimmy carter, reagan and two bushes, even bill clinton, people, they don't remember what they did, but they rep the images. >> ask not what your country can do for you, ask what you can do for your country. >> this is what people wish for again in the government. they want someone who inspires them. who gives them hope. for whom they have a kind of admiration. kennedy standing hold on the public i think will only fade if and when we get another president about whom they feel the same way as they currently feel about kennedy. -- captions by vitac -- www.vitac.com
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late at night, a man stopped his car on a residential street. within seconds, he was dead. what did he see? and why did he stop? an asthma inhaler found nearby and tiny acrylic fibers answered those questions when there were no eyewitnesses who could.

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