thanks for watching "state of the union" and yes we noticed the folks at "saturday night live" are among those watching. if you missed it, there is a link to last night's skit on our blog, cnn.com/sotu. i'm candy crowley in washington. "fareed zakaria: gps" starts right now. >> this is "gps" the global public square. welcome to all of you in the united states and around the world. i'm fareed zakaria. this is a crazy week for us. the leaders of the world gathered this week in new york, and we gathered some of the most interesting ones right here for you. first up, hassan rouhani, the president of the islamic republic of iran. i asked him about isis, the state of the nuclear talks, and the harsh judgment handed down against those people who made iran's "happy" video.

♪ because i'm happy ♪ clap along if you feel then iran's enemy, of course, is israel, and i sat down with the man who for the last 60-plus years has worked at the highest levels of that nation's government. shimon peres on the prospects for peace in the middle east, and whyt at the age over91 he's considering a new career including delivering pizza. also, the ebola outbreak. 1.4 million infections are possible says the cdc, and that's by january in just two nations. what could be done to contain the crisis? i put that crucial question to chelsea clinton and liberia's foreign minister. but first, here is my take. if president obama truly wants to degrade and destroy isis, he's going to have to find a way to collaborate with iran, the one great power in the middle

east with which america is still at odds. engagement with iran, while hard and complicated, would be a strategic game-changer with beneficial effects spreading across the region from iraq to syria to afghanistan. we're now in the air power phase of the campaign against isis. these actions usually go well. think of the air wars against afghanistan, iraq, and libya. the united states has the world's most advanced planes, rockets, and drones and an extraordinarily capable military, but what usually follows is messy. think of afghanistan, iraq, and libya. ground forces have to fight locals and guerillas in irregular combat. the most important questions turn out to be political. are the local groups, tribes, and sects fighting with the americans or against them? in iraq the most important problem remains that the sunnis do not feel represented by the baghdad government. president obama keeps saying that we have a new government in

iraq, but the implication that it is now inclusive is false. sunnis continue to have ceremonial posts with little power. the army continues to be dominated by shiites at the upper echelons. the result is visible on the ground. a recent article in "the new york times" points out that after six weeks of american air strikes, the iraqi government's forces have scarcely budged the sunni extremists of the islamic state from their hold on more than a quarter of the kcountry, in part, because many critical sunni tribes remain on the sidelines, end quote. the united states has some influence with the iraqi government, but iran has far more. the shiite religious parties that today run iraq have been funded by iran for decades. if the goal is to get the iraqi government to share more power with the sunnis, iran's help would be invaluable, perhaps vital. in syria washington's strategy is incoherent. it seeks to destroy isis, attack

al nusra and khorasan, but not strengthen the assad regime. this is simply impossible. if there is some way to make this strategy less contradictory, it would be to work towards some power sharing deal in syria and toward a post-isis, post-assad future with other elements of the assad government, perhaps generals and intelligence heads. but washington has no contact or credibility with anyone in the assad regime. the government that does is tehran. in both iraq and syria, military action can only do so much. creating and sustaining stability will require ongoing political efforts, not one shot actions by the united states. iran is perfectly positioned to play a positive role. now, obviously engagement will not be rapprochement. iran and the united states have too many issues that divide them

unless things really change in tehran. iran's president hassan rouhani said to me this week in an interview you will see in a moment that in their phone conversation last year, president obama and he ingagree that there were many areas where iran and the united states could cooperate. but first we must get past the nuclear issue he said. i asked him to describe the contours of such cooperation assuming the nuclear deal happened, and he quoted an iranian proverb that he says goes like this. let's first raise the baby that we just gave birth to and then let's go on to number two. when richard nixon and henry kissinger decided that iran would be one of its regional policemen in the 1970s, they did so out of a recognition of

iran's geostrategic importance, not simply because they liked the shah of iran. a leading scholar of iran notes that if the united states wants to limit its micromanagement of the middle east, it will have to find countries that are stable, influential, and effective with which it can work. potentially iran is one of those countries. as rouhani made clear, all this waits on the nuclear deal. go to cnn.com/fareed and read my "washington post" column this week and let's get started. earlier this week i had the opportunity to sit down with iran's president hassan rouhani. this is a critical moment for iran's relations with america and the world. not only is crunch time quickly approaching in the nuclear talks, but there is also isis. tehran has as much to fear from isis as washington does, so will it help to battle the t terrorists? the conversation was convened by the new america foundation on whose board i sit.

listen in. thank you for joining us, mr. president. do you believe that the united states is correct in its strategy to fight isis? >> translator: i am not aware of the american plans and the formulas and what they intend to execute. i can only tell you about the plans of the islamic republic of iran. iran from the very first moment did not hesitate in fighting against terrorism. other countries apparently had their doubts for quite some time. they were under the impression that be it as it may, they acted quite late in the game. from the first day when da'esh attacked mosul and mr. maliki contacted me and informed me of the grave situation in iraq i

did tell him whatever aid you need, we will render that assistance and aid to you so as to help you to stand up against this tide. if it wasn't for the immediate and whole-hearted help of the people of iran to the people of iraq and if it were not for the fatwas issued by the religious authorities in iraq, i have no doubts that da'esh today would be residing in southern baghdad, not in the northern territory of the country. therefore, we do believe that we did live up to our responsibilities and we will continue to do so steadfastly and others who have decided to act as well, and if those actions can lead to the eradication of terrorism, we welcome those actions. >> in his speech today, president obama had a direct message.

to iran he said, don't less this moment pass, we can reach a solution. is he right? is the united states negotiating in good faith? >> translator: well, you see today we have -- we are faced with a very good opportunity vis-a-vis the nuclear talks and negotiations. this good opportunity was created in reality only last year in result of the expression of the political will of the majority of the people of iran and their vast participation in those elections and the mandates received out of those elections. it was created as a result of all of that. we must all make good use of it. our side as well as five plus one. everyone together must make good use of this historic opportunity. >> you said something in a conversation you had with a group of journalists a couple days ago which intrigued me, and

i was lucky enough to be at that meeting. you said that in your phone call with president obama last year, you had talked with him about potentially cooperating on a number of issues, but you said all that waits for the nuclear issue to be resolved. can you give us a sense -- paint for us a picture of what life would look like between iran and the united states if the nuclear deal was resolved. >> translator: yes. during last year's telephone conversation we did speak of extended -- potential extended cooperation between iran and the united states. president obama was of the opinion that we can indeed collaborate and cooperate in various fields, and i told him

that i agree with you wholeheartedly that in the future we must cooperate with one another. we do have a saying in farsi that is roughly translated as the following, let's first raise the baby that we just gave birth t to, and then let's go on to number two. so let's not compare any scenarios, but let's first finish the path that we have embark embarked upon, and then there may be other issues and a multitude of issues important to both side, and we can cooperate on those. >> next on "gps" more with president rouhani and i will ask him about these young iranians and why do they face 60 months in jail and 90 lashes apparently just for being happy. when we come back. ♪

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more now of my interview with iran's president rouhani. he has been in office for just under 14 months. those have been crucial months for changing the way the west sees and deals with tehran, but there are still many hurdles to get over. mr. president, let me ask you about something that has to do with the image of iran in the world, in america, but also among younger iranians, and it makes it difficult for people to perhaps to trust iran or to feel -- you were talking about the atmosphere getting better. this is i think the kind of thing that makes the atmosphere

difficult to improve. you had six iranians, young iranians who made this video of the song "happy." they have been sentenced, they have been sentenced to lashes which have been commuted. they have been forced to recant on television. why make them go through this punishment for making a harmless video about a song? >> translator: we do have a multitude of problems in the region and the world at large today than to speak about prosecution of certain individuals, but be that as it may, i as the president of iran have been sworn and put there by the will of the people to protect the constitution. if the constitution is ever violated, it is my legal responsibility to take the

appropriate steps and implement appropriate actions, but as you know in iran we do have an independent judiciary. perhaps an individual does something that legally may not be allowed in iran. whether i like it or you like it or not. so i am not certain what this thing that you referring to was, how many people danced, and because of that what happened happened. i don't think the problems are such in iran that if a group wants to have fun somewhere they are then arrested or become targets. >> you haven't seen the video? it's completely harmless. mr. president, i have one last question, and it's one i have asked you before but please indulge me.

jason rezaian, the correspondent for "the washington post" and his wife have both been arrested. nobody knows what the charges are, nobody knows why. your own foreign minister has said jason is a good reporter. people have attested to you personally that he is a decent person. i know you say it's about the judiciary and you can't comment. my question is, i'm trying to get at this a different way, can you give us hope that this case will be dealt with fairly, with leniency and speedily? that this will be resolved quickly and that jason will be able to come back to the united states? >> translator: listen, leniency and everything you just went over, these are topics to be thought about or spoken of after the final judgment is rendered, and any individual who is brought up on any charges or detained or questioned, all of

the different steps must be in accordance to the constitutions and the laws of the country. if that individual has not committed any crimes, it will be determined that he or she or they are innocent and they will be freed and it would be announced openly. so we must not prematurely express opinions about a case file that hasn't reached the court yet. sometimes the minister for the judicial affairs sometimes does inquire -- a member of my cabinet does sometimes inquire of the conditions of folks who are detained from time to time. >> will you make an inquiry from your office? i think it would carry some weight? >> translator: generally speaking for everyone what i said goes for everyone, not targeted towards a certain case file or a certain individual. >> well, it's my full hope and expectation that he will be released soon. mr. president, thank you so much.

that was iran's president hassan rouhani. next up, a 91-year-old statesman who is wiser than ever. israel's former president and former prime minister shimon peres. we talk about the middle east and his next job when we come back. ss the state. for better access to talent, cutting edge research, and state of the art facilities. and you pay no taxes for ten years. from biotech in brooklyn, to next gen energy in binghamton, to manufacturing in buffalo... startup-ny has new businesses popping up across the state. see how startup-ny can help your business grow at startup.ny.gov

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built for business. 65 years ago shimon perez got his first major position in israel as head of its navy. 66 days ago he finally left government at the ripe young age of 91. in between there was an extraordinary career filled with wars and many attempts at peace, tragedies and triumphs, including a nobel peace prize. 48 years he's held seemingly every high office. he stepped down in july. so what is he going to do next? this week he released a humorous video that shows he's working on an answer to that question.

>> am i on tape? >> here now, our conversation at the clinton global initiative earlier this week. you were a very good pizza delivery person i have to tell you, and that part i thought you particularly showed skill. >> well, this is an unexpected compliment. >> when you look at the middle east today, do you think that israel's position is less secure? and let me preface it by asking it to you this way. when i was in graduate school, we would study the military balance of power in the middle east. we would see that israel was up against the great egyptian army, the great iraqi army, the great syrian army, and those were the countries that israel worried about having to go to war with. now, you know, egypt is internally convulsed, iraq is internally convulsed battling

isis and syria is in free fall. does that reality mean that israel is more secure? >> in a way, yes. you know, actually i don't think there will be more wars. it's a different sort of a conflict. usually there are two armies, one won and one lost, but now we have hundreds and hundreds of small terroristic groups, they don't have a policy. they more of a protest. they're going back to yesterday. and they became the real problem for the world more than for israel, and we stand informally, in the future it will be more formal, at the same front against terrorism. >> do you believe as a result of this relations, this common

enemy of terrorism, relations between israel and the arab countries and the middle eastern countries are inevitably going to get bet ter? >> undoubtedly in my eyes. you know, we live in a global world. i am not sure that the globality had it in mind or planned it. the fact is that globality put an end to racism. you cannot be global -- globality doesn't hang on power but on will. >> if i would be talking to an arab statesman, even somebody well disposed toward israel, what he i think would say to me is yes, arabs and israelis can be friends, but israel has to give the palestinians a state. >> i agree with him. i think that we have to give to them a state. i don't have the slightest doubt about it. [ applause ]

you know, i am too young or too old to pay too much attention to what people say. i would rather see what they do. and maybe in the conversation some people will say this and that, but the official position and the real desire of israel is to have two states, and i think that's also the conclusion of the arabs. >> who was the first american president that you met? >> kennedy. president kennedy, you are too young, yes? >> do you think there are a number of people who feel that president obama has been too passive or disengaged in the middle east. do you agree with that assessment? >> no, no. i think president obama met all the serious requests we have had, and i think he has his own style, and he's in a different position as well.

the other presidents never had such a china, never had such an india, never had the world crisis, never paid so much for wars. so the president is not just a new president, but he comes in, in a new age. >> so we have seen the video, so we know the options available, but you're not looking for another job, you're not looking for another post. >> i'm busy, no. i'm very busy. i don't need -- you know, when you are president, you live in a golden cage. if you like gold, stay. if you like to fly, leave the cage and fly like a bird. so i prefer flying. i think it's a better employment than watching gold, and i'm busy. >> shimon peres. the one and only shimon peres. thank you. >> thank you. [ applause ] >> next on "gps," the ebola outbreak. the worst case scenario put out

this week by the cdc, the centers for disease control, a terrible. so what can be done? i will talk to three people who are working on it, chelsea clinton, paul farmer, and liberia's foreign minister. a fascinating conversation when we come back. that's keeping you from the healthcare you deserve.. at humana, we believe the gap will close when healthcare gets simpler. when frustration and paperwork decrease.

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the centers for disease control say that by january, just four months from now, there could be 1.4 million cases of ebola in just two countries, liberia and sierra leone. that is the worst case scenario but it's pretty frightening. so at the clinton global initiative this week, i sat down with two people working on it. paul farmer is a famous doctor, a professor at harvard, a tireless agent working on improving health care in poor areas of the united states and around the world. chelsea clinton's recent ph.d. from oxford focused on global health governance. she's a vice chair of the clinton foundation where she's worked to find solutions to

health problems around the world and liberia's foreign minister, his nation is one of the two where the cd c foresees a huge potential uptick in ebola cases. paul farmer, you were just in liberia. give us a sense on the ground. what does it look like? >> well, i think one of the images that people have in mind is of some, you know, chaos that's visible. that's not really what we saw either in monrovia, the capital, or in the rural areas. you know, there is a health crisis that's affecting the travel and economy. it's difficult to get in and out of liberia. we got in with the help of the united nations as a group of physicians, but there seemed to be a calm and resolve, you know, that something dramatic needs to

happen, but there's also a sense i think quite correct that the staff, the stuff, the space to do the work and the systems are not yet there. >> the cdc has just put out a model, a simulation, that says if we continue on our current trajectory, i think it's by the middle of 2015 we could have maybe 1.5 million people affected. do you think that's true? >> not even by the middle of next year. by the middle of january of 2015. the caseload in liberia doubles every 15 to 20 days. the case load in sierra leone doubles every 30 to 40 days. we're truly watching exponential growth which is why we need to have an exponential acceleration in our coordinated efforts to combat ebola, particularly in liberia and sierra leone and guinea. to build a little bit on what paul was saying, if we look at

the historical and the contemporary examples, and with we see that that pace of ebola case growth doesn't have to be. i mean, uganda has had five ebola outbreaks in last 14 years, and none of which have become epidemic, because there is a strong the health care system in place. and there's a reason that there has been one isolated case in sen gal, and it is contained in the geographic area because of the robust health care system. our collective hope is this is a call to action not only to combat ebola but to help these countries build their health care systems to better prevent the next ebola case from becoming an epidemic and to better serve the needs of their populations more broadly. >> mr. ngafuan, please explain

to us what is happening on the ground. you know, with the health care in the developing country, a poor country with a rudimentary health care system. what do you think could be changed to make this problem be addressed more effectively? >> thank you, fareed. we are a small country. we have had our own history of difficulties. for upwards of 14 years we were embroiled in one of the worst civil conflicts on the african continent that decimated our small population. now, we are rebuilding. we are experiencing growth. now, ebola attacked us at a very time when we were taking off, and our health system was not as robust as we wanted it because we had competing challenges, the rural sector, and the energy sector and every sector. so it met us at this time. now, we are a traditional society. our people have clung to cultures for the ages. in ebola, burial practices our people have clung to for ages,

they cannot do that because in some of our environments when a person dies, the ritual will entail that they wash the body and some family members will have to wash their faces with the water of the dead. that's part of the practice. but our people have to start to now know that the challenge requires us changing the culture a little bit. >> paul farmer, you have traveled all over the world, worked in so many different places. what is a good health care system look like? >> a good health care system goes from communities, community health workers, to clinics where the majority of health care can be delivered. you don't need to go to a hospital, but you need hospitals also when you are critically ill. ebola is a classic example of some people get critically ill, hemorrhagic fever, but when we see -- pardon a little jargon, case fatality rates varies so

much from place to place and epidemic to epidemic that's a sure sign that the health system is weak. most people with ebola should not die. >> to build on what paul was saying, you know, it is, of course, about the human resources for health but it's also about the system in which those doctors and nurses and lab technicians operate. so although the kind of current doctor to population ratio is rather staggering, so in the united states for example we have more than 240 doctors for every 100,000 people. in liberia, it is less than one for every 100,000 people. that is clearly a significant challenge, but what is also a significant challenge is the environment in which the health worker workers operate. so as one example, the minister and i were walking backstage about an air lift that we helped organize through cgi that left on saturday that thus far is the

largest air lift to leave from the united states to the ebola infected countries and we're incredibly grateful to our cgi to merck and dickinson who donated more than 100 tons of medical supplies and protective material. only now are those supplies being distributed effectively to more than 100 partners in liberia and sierra leone because when the plane landed there weren't enough trucks to load all the materials on for immediate distribution. so it's important to focus on the health care workers, it's necessary, but it's not yet sufficient. it's also about kind of the larger environment in which the health care workers operate both for this immediate response, ensuring that, you know, there's enough transportation support to get people there, and the commodities needed, but also then enough support to distribute those people and commodities to the areas where they're most needed. >> minister, let me give you the last word. what is it you want the world to know about liberia in this situation?

>> we appreciate the solidarity that has come from the international community, governments, ngos, private sector. we've done much, but we need to do more. every day that passes, people are dying. so like some of us, i lost my administrative assistant some three weeks ago. every day we -- even out of the country we are afraid to take our phones because it might be someone telling you a friend or relative or compatriot has fallen. so we want a surge of action. we want solidarity the. we want empathy. if anyone in the world can do anything to save one life, it is one life very precious. we would be very grateful for

that. >> thank you all very much. >> thank you, fareed. the u.s. war on terror has only been going on for 13 years. how in the world do you end a 50 year war with terrorists? the next head of state you will meet seems to be on the verge of doing just that when we come back.

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now you could have done it twice. this is awkward. go to comcastbusiness.com/ checkyourspeed. if we can't offer faster speeds or save you money we'll give you $150. comcast business built for business. for 50 years the government of colombia has fought its own war on terror but peace might be on the horizon. since 1964 the revolutionary armed forces of columbia or farc has been trying to overthrow the nation's government. the state department says that farc is latin america's oldest, largest, and most violent and best equipped terrorist organization which is heavily involved in illicit narcotics production and trafficking. now, 50 years later, the farc is

quite far down the road with peace talks with the nation's president. that president is juan manuel santos, and he has been elected with a mandate to continue to peace talks. and he joins me now. so how were you able to negotiate with people that your government has been battling and that have been afflicting huge terrorist attacks. i mean, politically, that must be difficult. >> it is very difficult, very difficult to explain to the people that why are you talking about peace and the war continues because one of the conditions i put in the initiation of the conversation was there's no cease-fire until we reach an agreement because they always take advantage of cease-fires, and i don't want to be signaled if they fail, if the conversations fail, as another president who attempted to have peace and failed and left the farc stronger and the state

weaker. that is something that i will not allow and, therefore, it is difficult to explain, but it's the shortest way to achieve peace. >> what lesson do you draw from talking to terrorists? what would you say you've learned? >> well, first of all, that you have to have a very clear objective. you have to have some red lines, and you have to have determination and persevere. and plan carefully for where you want to go. this is what i have done in the last two years. and we have advanced much further than any attempt before, and i am quite optimistic for the first time in 50 years of war that we will reach peace. >> and the situation on the ground is dramatically improved. i was in colombia last year and i was struck by how these war ravaged and drug ravaged cities were booming.

your economy is now leading the pack in latin america. >> well, we are, yes, the country that is growing the fastest in this first half of this year we were the third in the world, the first in latin america but third in the world -- >> third fastest growing economy in the world. >> yes, after china and indonesia, and not only that, but growth by it does not mean anything. we grow the give people a better li life. we have been able to reduce poverty by are almost 10 percentage points with which is unprecedented, and extreme poverty by almost 6. and we have created employment, formal employment much more than any other country in latin america, and that is allowing us to be less unequal, and we have a long way to go still, but the

economy, thank god is in good shape. >> what will you do with the former terrorists once you get peace? will they be tried in some way? will there be a truth reconciliation commission? >> there will be a truth reconciliation commission, and they will be transferred to the transitional justice system, and most probably what will happen is that the most responsible of the crimes and the war crimes will be held responsible, and will be judged. and the common soldier, and the common combatant will probably get away without any sentencing. it would be -- >> because of amnesty. >> rey, it is impossible to submit to the justice system every single member of the farc, because it is going to take 100 years. >> mr. president, good to have

some good news, and thank you for bringing it. >> thank you for having us here. up next, what percentage of american children live in poverty? think about it, and i will tell you when we get back. and when i finally told my doctor, he said humira is for adults like me who have tried other medications but still experience the symptoms of moderate to severe crohn's disease. and that in clinical studies, the majority of patients on humira saw significant symptom relief. and many achieved remission. humira can lower your ability to fight infections, including tuberculosis. serious, sometimes fatal infections and cancers, including lymphoma, have happened; as have blood, liver, and nervous system problems, serious allergic reactions, and new or worsening heart failure. before treatment, get tested for tb. tell your doctor if you've been to areas where certain fungal infections are common, and if you've had tb, hepatitis b, are prone to infections, or have flu-like symptoms or sores.

don't start humira if you have an infection. ask your gastroenterologist about humira. with humira, remission is possible. i have $40,ney do you have in your pocket right now? $21. could something that small make an impact on something as big as your retirement? i don't think so. well if you start putting that towards your retirement every week and let it grow over time, for twenty to thirty years, that retirement challenge might not seem so big after all. ♪ there it is... this is where i met your grandpa.

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last week the u.s. census bureau released its annual report on poverty. it brings me to my question of the week. how many children live in poverty in this country, the united states? 1 in 20? 1 in 15? 1 in 10? or 1 in 5? stay tuned and we'll tell you the correct answer. this week's book of the week is mark whitaker's "cosby: his life and times." if you want an interesting sideways answer to the question, how did america elect its first black president, read this book. his fascinating and well written biography reminds us beyond politics and laws it's american culture that has changed over

airlines are struggling after chicago has been trying to restore the control center after a fire. and it could take weeks. we have a reporter in atlanta, and so, nick, atlanta and chicago are home to two of the

most busiest airports and what ripple effect is happening? >> well, things are happening here that are normal and it is a typical travel day here on sunday, but that is not the case for chicago. if you are looking at midway international or o'hare international, you are looking at more than 600 flights cancelled between 30 and 40 minutes and the good news in all of that, though, it is ig h significantly better than the height of the problem between the alleged sabotage to the control tower friday. we saw more than 2,000 flights delayed or cancelled with the passengers wait iing hours to hr some pretty bad news, but here in atlanta, things are getting better and slowly progressing as well in chicago and around the country as well, fred. >> and nick, what is the time line for trying to get that air traffic control center in chicago back to normal? >> you know, when we asked the faa earlier, they said that patience, and you no, it could take a while for that to get back to normal, and they are progressing though, and they did send out a statement overnight, and reading a part of that overnight,