thanks so much for watching "state of the union." "fareed zakaria: gps" starts right now. this is "gsp," the global public square. welcome to all of you in the united states and around the world. i'm fareed zakaria. we'll start with the two presidents, obama and xi side by side announcing major matters they agree on. is this the big breakthrough in relations between the world's number one and two economic powers? i'm not so sure. then jon stewart and iranian born maziar bahari on the iranian regime, the ayatollah, the nation's nuclear ambitions, the arab spring and the new movie "rosewater." >> i am a journalist. nothing more. and college applications are due soon.

are colleges as we know them simply too expensive and outdated? is there a better way in higher education? my guests say there is. finally, europe landed on a comet this week. india has a probe orbiting mars and russia remains the not so trusty taxi to outer space. what's america up to up there and whose spending on space is the highest? but first here is my take. as moscow continues to send its forces into ukraine, it seems -- my guests say there is. >> and landing on a comet this year. india has a probe. and russia is not the most trusty taxi to outer space. >> and we are spending it on space, and it is the highest. >> but first here is my take.

but in the longer run, it is not russia's overt military assault, but china's patient and steady nonmilitary moves that might prove the greater challenge. russia is a great power in decline. its economy amounts to just 3.4% of global gdp. china's is nearly 16% and rising. now almost four times the size of japan's and five times that of germany's according to the world bank. presidents obama and xi deserve the accolades they're receiving for their historic agreement on climate change and it seems to suggest that america and china are moving toward a new, productive relationship. except that even while signing these accords, xi jinping's government has been taking steps that suggests it is developing a very different approach to its foreign policy, one that seeks to replace the american-built post-1945 international system with its own. if it continues down this path, it would constitute the most significant and dangerous shift in international politics since the end of the cold war.

it's been widely reported that xi has presided over a rise in nationalist rhetoric in recent years, much of it anti-american. while nationalism has been circulating in china for a while, the quantity seems to have risen sharply. one count found that the number of anti-western polemics in the official people's daily in 2014 so far has tripled compared with the same period last year. perhaps more important, however, is that china has begun a low-key but persistent campaign to propose alternatives to the existing structure of international arrangements in asia and beyond. it's moved from being anti-american to post-american. this summer beijing spearheaded an agreement with the other brics countries to create a fund

that would challenge the imf. in october beijing launched a $50 billion asian infrastructure bank explicitly as an alternative to the world bank. last year president xi declared china would spend $40 billion to redevelop the old silk road. for china to fit into an international system rubs against its deepest traditions. henry kissinger notes that china has never been comfortable with the idea of a global system of equal states. historically china considered itself in a sense the sole sovereign government of the whole world. diplomacy was a series of carefully contrived ceremonies in which foreign societies were given the opportunity to affirm their assigned place in the global hierarchy. one in which china sat on top. these are worrying signs not because beijing's efforts will

surely succeed. they may not. many of its efforts have run into opposition, but if china continues down this path using its growing clout to ask countries to choose between the existing set of arrangements or new ones, it might create conditions for a new kind of cold war in asia. it will certainly help to undermine and perhaps eventually destroy the current international order, one that was created by the united states after 1945 and which has been a platform on which peace and prosperity have flourished in asia for seven decades. for more, go to cnn.com/fareed and read my "washington post" column this week. let's get started. " okay. you've heard my thoughts on the

most important relationship in the world today. now let me bring in two real experts. elizabeth economy is the senior fellow and director for asia studies at the council on foreign relations and david lampton is the director of china studies at john hopkins. liz, you had a great piece in foreign affairs and what i was struck by is after mao every chinese leader has been less powerful. until we get to xi jinping who is now, some people believe, the most powerful chinese leader since mao. >> if you look at what the chinese -- people were saying, they were beginning to talk about the era of wen jiabao as the lost decade, a time when china had failed to capitalize on the fact that it was now the second largest economy in the world, had failed to really exert itself as a global power and china was ready for a leader like xi. the time was right for a chinese leader to take center stage.

>> why did he do this deal? >> well, i think, first of all, he has crushing internal problems, and i would soften a bit the idea that he's the greatest leader since mao. that may prove to be true but it's going to take ten years before we know it's true. right now he's two years into a ten-year period. he's got crushing domestic problems, demographics are working against him. i think he had to consolidate and sort of pacify the external environment so he can pay attention internally, so this agreement reflects his domestic political problems as much as it does a desire to move into the world. >> which are, liz, pollution, which is the one thing when i was in china about nine months ago, the thing you heard from local party officials more than anything else was pollution and the second was corruption. i suppose that's the complaint they get from ordinary chinese people that the air and water are really dirty. >> right. people can't breathe.

you have 670,000 premature deaths in china because of the air quality. we're not even talking about the challenges that arise from water pollution and soil contamination. that is clearly one of the major issues. but there are many others. there's the demographic challenge, rising inequality within china. ethnic tensions. you have the recent protests in hong kong. xi jinping really is facing an enormous number and range of domestic challenges but this is precisely why i think he has amassed so much power, and it may take eight more years to see whether he is successful in addressing all of these challenges but i don't think it takes eight more years to see whether or not he is sitting in a very powerful place within the chinese leadership. >> what do you make, mike, of the -- there's no question there's been a rise in sort of nationalist rhetoric, and as i point out, you know, all these attempts to really subvert the old international order, alternatives to the asian development bank, to the imf, to the world bank.

is this xi or a long-term chinese strategy? >> what we're seeing is china, not just xi. we're seeing a china that sees itself in great historic terms, and this isn't so much as a new status for china, it's a sort of restoration of national greatness, and i think we're going to face a china that on one hand is cooperative, increasingly cooperative on some economic and global issues like climate change, but on the other hand, i just was speaking with military people in china last week, and they are clearly going to continue to push china's sovereignty and he's not going to give on that set of issues. so he's walking a fine line by trying to seem a good global citizen on the one hand but assuage this nationalistic drive on the other. >> what about the nationalism? >> i agree. i see it in two different respects. one is as mike was alluding to,

the nationalism that emanates from strength. china is the second largest economy in the world, wants to expand its influence, right? sort of be at the center of the asia-pacific and beyond. at the same time i think there's a much more insidious form of nationalism and that's the nationalism that doesn't tolerate a diversity of opinion and that's where we see xi jinping clamping down on the artists and intellectuals and talking about colluding with foreigners within the chinese academy of social scientists and really putting a chill i think on the kind of creativity and innovation he wants to support. when i look at these two forms of nationalism, i think so myself actually this second insidious form really undermines his efforts to put china out in front as a global leader with a shared vision for the asia-pacific. i think he faces that kind of challenge as well. >> thank you both very much. that was absolutely wonderful. next on "gps," jon stewart and the iranian-born reporter on bahari's four months in an

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tehran, june 21st, 2009. the city is in tumult. following the election of mahmoud ahmadinejad. on that day bahari, an iranian/canadian reporter from "newsweek" was taken from his mother's house, arrested, and thrown in iran's notorious prison. he would be held there for 118 days in solitary confinement. he wrote a terrific book about

that ordeal. that has has been turned into a movie called "rose water." it comes from the perfume that his interrogator used. it was a story i'm intimately familiar with. i was involved in the campaign to free bahari. the movie was able to shock me, move me. it is a highly intelligent and moving film. joining me are a maziar bahari and this other guy, an unknown first time filmmaker by the name of jon stewart. >> nice to see you. >> nice to see you >> what do you think of the green revolution? . did it fail, did it succeed? >> well, i think if we think of it as a revolution, it failed, but it was never a revolution. it was a green movement. it was a movement of millions of iranians to gain their rights as citizens of the country. they did not want to be the subjects of the master, the supreme leader. the ayatollah.

so the movement continues. you may not see the manifestations of the movement on the street, but the people's demands are to be considered as citizens of the country continue on the streets. and the fact that rouhani was elected last year was a direct result of the demonstrations into 2009. >> you don't think he's a great liberal? >> i don't think he's a great liberal, no, no, no. i mean, when rouhani was elected, people said you shouldn't judge him -- you shouldn't judge a book by a cover but you should also judge a book by his grammatical areas, mistakes, and i think he's done many mistakes now, and i don't think he's a liberal, but he's better than ahmadinejad, which is a great step forward. i mean, iranians, they look at any kind of sudden change with trepidation now. they don't want a repeat of 1979 revolution. when they are looking around the neighborhood seeing what the syrians are doing for example or what happens in iraq and

afghanistan, they don't want a repeat of that. that's why the pace of reform, pace of change in iran is very slow. excruciatingly slow, but that means that it's sustainable. if the outsiders don't interfere, of course, if there is an attack, if there's any kind of bombing, that will interrupt that pace of change, but if they just let the change to take its path, it's going to be a sustainable change and sustainable reform. >> so you filmed that mainly in jordan around ahman. >> that's right. >> you spent six weeks in the arab world, as it were -- >> ten weeks. >> this was at a pretty interesting time in terms of what was going on in the arab world. >> right. is there ever not an interesting time when things are not going on in the arab world? >> you're a close student of this kind of stuff. >> yes. >> what's your impression? ten weeks in the arab world, did it change the way you think about the middle east?

>> i think, you know, there are moments whenever you immerse yourself with the people in a culture, and this is in no way to suggest that filming a movie in a city is in any way akin to living there or being a part because there's a very self-selecting group of people you end up interacting with at all times. that being said, you can get a feel for the flavor and character of a place, and there are moments of great hope within it. you sense the humanity of the people there, the great hospitality of the people there, but you also see the obstacles and the barricades that are up that prevent that sort of detante we're hoping for. there are moments of great hope followed by feelings of this is going to be a long cultural shift. this is a part of the world that has been trapped between authoritarianism and extremism, and it's very difficult for the majority of the people who live there who are just looking to carve out a little space for

themselves and to live their lives, to get that space and create those civic institutions when you are constantly trapped between those two poles. >> you are not hopeful on an iranian deal? >> i don't think so. i don't think there will be a deal on the 24th of november because i don't think that there is a real will either in iran or the united states to have a deal on the 24th, and there are also radical interest groups in both countries. in iran the revolutionary guards are making a lot of money because of the sanctions and because there is no relationship between iran and the united states, and in this country, as you know, there are many lobbies for making a lot of money by supporting the sanctions and not -- >> not a lot of incentives on either side. >> fair to say whatever deal obama would bring, it would be pilloried -- >> hugely popular. whatever he does, my feeling is it will be hugely popular and hailed throughout our political system. that's -- my favorite is the new climate deal. so all they talk about in

congress is we can't -- we're not going to do a climate deal because if you don't get china on board it's meaningless, utterly meaningless. we have china on board. no deal. china, no, it's something else. why would we allow the united nations and china to decide our economy? so you realize the system right now is incentivized for status quo, for stagnation, you don't raise money on bipartisanship, on cooperation, and good governance. you raise money on demonization, and that's where we set. next, i will show you what role this show played in maziar's movie and the story. it was sort of pivotal. kid: hey dad, who was that man? dad: he's our broker. he helps looks after all our money.

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thank you, ping. reliably fast internet starts at $89.95 a month. comcast business. built for business. and we are back with maziar bahari, the writer of the book "rosewater" and jon stewart, the director of "rosewater." >> after you were thrown in prison, i interviewed secretary hillary clinton. >> i have to ask you a question of personal interest. a "newsweek" reporter has been arrested and is going through what can only be called a stalinist show trial. what is your reaction to that? >> i am just appalled at the treatment that mr. bahari and others are receiving. it is a show trial. there's no doubt about it. >> in the movie the way you

present it and to a certain extent in the book is this was a sort of pivotal moment for you personally because you suddenly realized, hey, i'm not alone. there are people who actually care about me. >> it was the best day of my imprisonment. the best day maybe because there were not other good days, that it was the best one. it was the only good day of my imprisonment because when they put you in solitary confinement, they deprive you of all your senses. you become delusional and you become suicidal, but because you don't think that you don't know what's going on outside, and your only way to communicate with the rest of the world is through your interrogator, but when my interrogator -- one of the prison guards by mistake called me mr. hillary clinton, there and then i realized that there is a campaign for me. so that was the best moment. for a prisoner, the worst thing is to think that he or she is alone, and that was a moment that i realized that i was not alone.

>> the certainty of the truth -- i mean, what you portray a lot as these guys who they think they know the truth, but you always wondering when watching the movie, are these interrogators really -- they seem at some level very insecure. it's a deft way of portraying it. there's a lot of bravado but they're very insecure. >> you have to portray it, they're human beings. people that are interrogators or torturers, this is a job. it's not something that we might see in sort of a more sensationalized cinematic version of it, the bruce willis over the guy tell me where the bombs are. this guy has got to come in every day, he's got to be there by 8:00. it's a bureaucracy. he has to work within that. the green movement to these interrogators was in many ways just a chance to get some overtime. you know, the prisons are so filled with people, i think that the gentleman who was responsible for maziar's torment

in some ways wouldn't have had an opportunity to deal with someone, a vip prisoner, more educated, more western if it had not been for the overwhelming amount of people that they were trying to filter through this prison at the time. >> do you think of it as eichmann in jerusalem, the banality of evil? >> i think to compare them to eichmann and the nazi regime i think is also a mistake in the same as comparing them to isis. they are not, you know -- isis is not a state actor and they do true depravity. i think this is different, and i think there is a rationality behind it, and to view it in that way means it can be manipulated, and it means that you can fight back against it. so there is a banality to it. i would consider it more the bureaucracy of evil and the stupidity of evil but evil is a relatively rare --

>> there's a rationale behind their irrationality, and as you know, the iranian diplomats and iranian politicians, you have interviewed them several times, they are very logical people. they're very pragmatical people, but they are working for a system that thrives in security, it thrives in being insecure and making people insecure. so their irrationality is an inherent part of the system. they may not think they're doing it, they're not doing it intentionally, but that is an inherent part of their character. >> and you capture also the mixture of reality to some of their complaints as this moment where the guy had -- the rosewater has the maziar character has admitted, yes, the cia was involved in the coup and so, wait, you're saying they were involved then but they're not involved now? it's always struck me that's what regimes like this do, they take a few facts that are uncontestable and extrapolate. >> sure. >> all the paranoia they have,

all the conspiracy theories they have, they are based on some truth, and then they put one and one together and they conclude it's 11, not 2. so they always blow it out of proportion. >> i want to get one last admission from you. >> please. >> when world historical things like the green movement are happening, the arab spring are happening -- >> where do i get my news? >> you tune into cnn to watch these brave correspondents, risking their lives. >> i put a set of google alert for blitzer and then i just wait. >> say honestly -- >> we have a cnn exclusive tonight, the empire state building is blue. >> during the green revolution, you watched cnn and appreciated the brave reporting -- >> let me tell you something. the reason why i make fun of certain aspects of cnn is to be inspired by the brave reporting, is to want more. >> good. that's all i want.

>> that's all it is. >> you want more cnn. >> i want more of good cnn. cnn is very similar to the doll chucky. sometimes it's good chucky. but you really got to watch out for bad chucky. >> but we're all inspired by the good stuff. >> no question. >> next on "gps" many accused president putin of putting the moves on china's first lady but it's not really a sign he's insolent, but rather, he's insolvent. i'll explain when we come back. in this accident... because there was no accident. volvo's most advanced accident avoidance systems ever. the future of safety, from the company that has always brought you the future of safety. give the gift of volvo this season and we'll give you your first month's payment on us.

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with russian gas. and just six months ago the two nations struck another energy deal. this one a 30-year blockbuster worth $400 million. the russians reportedly hope that soon china will become their biggest gas consumer. are we seeing the consolidation of a russia/china axis. well, not quite. for china the mega gas deals with help officials diversify away from coal which would lower pollution levels which have caused significant public concern in the country. for russia, the situation seems more desperate. remember, oil and gas not only accounted for 70% of russia's exports in 2012, but also for more than half of its federal budget income. according to the u.s. energy department which cites pfc energy research. and thanks in part, but only in part, to falling oil and gas prices, russia's economic outlook is bleak. western sanctions have crippled

the ruble which so far this year have tumbled by about 30% against the dollar. russia's inflation rate reached 8.3% in october. the central bank has had to raise interest rates to 9.5% and still not much capital is flowing into the country. don't forget, european nations are russia's biggest crude oil and gas importers, and many of them have, of course, been looking for ways to curb their dependence on russian energy in the wake of the ukraine crisis. so russia is right now contending with falling gas prices and the potential winnowing away of its main market for that gas. to me the proposed deal with china seems to speak more to russia's desperation than to putin's powers of persuasion. he needed a deal and fast, and it seems in his haste he left some things on the table. "the moscow times" reported that china has gotten the upper hand in the gas deal.

the paper quoted a moscow think tank director who says that for russia the profit margin for the chinese contracts would be close to zero. beijing got a great economic deal because it's saving the kremlin from its increasing isolation. after all, this is a very unequal partnership. russia imports more goods from china than anywhere else in the world, but look at this list of china's top import markets. russia ranks tenth on that list according to mit's observatory of economic complexity. as i mentioned earlier in the show, chinese economy today is almost five times the size of russia russia's, and that gap is likely to grow over time. there's no doubt that for now the deal helps russia enormously and china likes having a partner that is large, global, influential, and like beijing wants to distance itself from the u.s. and its influence. over time don't be surprised if this marriage turns out to be a troubled affair, one of

convenience, more than true love. next on "gps," it's dreaded application season for high school seniors, but should they even be applying to colleges at all. should they instead be sitting at home staring at their computer screens? that's what many are advocating. i'll explain when i come back. (receptionist) gunderman group. gunderman group is growing. getting in a groove. growth is gratifying. goal is to grow. gotta get greater growth. i just talked to ups. they got expert advise, special discounts, new technologies. like smart pick ups. they'll only show up when you print a label and it's automatic. we save time and money. time? money? time and money. awesome. awesome! awesome! awesome! awesome! (all) awesome! i love logistics. ...and tkind of like you huffing sometimes, grandpa. well, when you have copd, it can be hard to breathe. it can be hard to get air out, which can make it hard to get air in.

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thank you. ordering chinese food is a very predictable experience. i order b14. i get b14. no surprises. buying business internet, on the other hand, can be a roller coaster white knuckle thrill ride.

you're promised one speed. but do you consistently get it? you do with comcast business. and often even more. it's reliable. just like kung pao fish. thank you, ping. reliably fast internet starts at $89.95 a month. comcast business. built for business. many teenagers in the united states and around the world are breathing a huge sigh of relief today. saturday was deadline day for early applications at many colleges in america, but my next segment might make some of those kids question their decision to go to a regular college at all. i've been intrigued for years by so-called mooks, massive open online courses where you can take college classes without going to college. and i wanted to know if they are a real viable alternative.

joining me are stuart butler who is a brookings scholar and written extensively about mooks and are throwing brick and mortar schools for a loop. and anant agarwal. so, stuart, explain first the kind of crisis and what you called the business model for higher education. >> it certainly is a crisis that they're facing. first of all, of course, the costs of traditional education has been going up and the indebtedness associated with it. student tuition debt in the united states exceed credit card debt. >> and it's $1 trillion. >> yes, exactly. secondly, you are seeing different kinds of information coming forward so people can actually evaluate the success of going to one college or another. whether it actually pays off. and then the third thing which you referred to is you're seeing new kinds of technologies that,

first of all, appeal to students who are not part of the regular market but now that technology is being developed such as through edx and through others such that it is really beginning to break open the existing traditional markets. so there's an existential threat to the very business model that quite honestly has been lasting for almost 2,000 years. >> and, you know, you point out the numbers of pretty staggering. you now have among private nonprofit college graduates 65% in debt. the average indebtedness is $20,000. cost is obviously now at $200,000, $300,000 to go to college and it's not clear they get that much out of it. >> that's the driving force. once you combine information about whether you're getting good value for money and then you combine that with the technologies that give you different ways of actually getting to the same result, that's what breaks open a market. >> of course, a lot of people say, okay, that's fine, but you can't just sit in front of a computer and watch some professor and that's not education. what do you say to that as

somebody running an outfit that does sort of that? >> today's online education is not our grandfather's online education. it is completely transformed. we are doing short videos, interactive gaming technology where professors are using game-like technologies, discussions, and segments u such as yours where various people get together, experts in the field, get together to discuss a topic, where it is not just a video of a professor standing at the end of a classroom. the technology has advanced technology. we bring the social into the classroom, into the online experience, and so this can be a very rich and very high quality experience. >> and the numbers prove that it's catching on, right? at this point online enrollment is moving faster. there are more people enrolling into online mooks than actual colleges? >> that's right.

>> to you does that suggest people are saying, look, i can get the same product or something close to the same product at a very different price? >> you're certainly seeing that certain parts of the product are being now made available at a much lower price, almost free in many cases. therefore, the traditional universities have got to rethink fundamentally what they do, how much they do, how long an education should be, whether it should be all at one place. that's the kind of thing that's happening. >> so basically what you're saying is the internet is the -- the one thing it does is it unbundles and it unbundles the college experience and saying why do you have to do all this four years, one place, $300,000. >> absolutely. yeah. i wrote a blog post called "unbundled" for "the huffington post." i said university bundle time, function, and content. why four years? why at the age of 18? when i went to my undergraduate

school, it was a five-year program, and i remember the whole institution and professors were up in arms when the discussion was let's make it four years. guess what? it's four years today. it's bundling of time. why should we spend four years together? maybe come into the university having done the first year of courses as a mook, free courses, you spent two years on campus to get the magic of campus and the campus experience and then you spend one year in the world, maybe even the subscription back to the university when you take online courses for the rest of your life as you need them. >> now, the real challenge it seems to me to the traditional university, if somebody goes to anant's outfit which is free, what if somebody goes to google and says, look, i haven't gone to any college but i have taken 35 courses at edx and here is my certificate saying i have done them and i did it because i can't afford a regular college. the courses are from harvard and

m.i.t. and they cost me nothing, and would you hire me? if an employer starts recognizing this, all of a sudden people will say, why am i paying $300,000 when this guy gets the job just as easily? >> it's exactly the next stage you will see. it's taken a while for business to wake up to what's going on, quite honestly, in higher education, and i think in addition you will see a change in the notion of what is a college. i think very soon you will see colleges really being the equivalent of assembly companies. what you're paying for is for somebody to put together a package for you, maybe a period at a recognized university, at a traditional university. maybe an online section, maybe a year abroad somewhere, so that what you're doing is getting a customization for a student, and what you're paying for is really something to put together a marketable product of that nature. that changes the whole notion of what is a college.

>> thank you both very much. fascinating stuff. for much more on the high cost of education and the future of colleges and universities in america, don't miss cnn films newest release "ivory tower" debuting this thursday at 9:00 p.m. and 11:00 p.m. eastern right here on cnn. next on "gps," a different look at immigration, one that president obama and speaker boehner would do well to consider. your customers, our financing. your aspirations, our analytics. your goals, our technology. introducing synchrony financial, bringing new meaning to the word partnership. banking. loyalty. analytics. synchrony financial. enagage with us.

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ten years ago on march 2nd, 2014, a spacecraft named rosetta was launched from french guiana. on wednesday cheers went up at the european space agency as the rosetta's probe touched down on come pet 67-p, 310 million miles away from earth. the hope is that the comet will hold vital clues about the origins of the solar system and our planet earth. overall, esa, an intergovernmental organization% has spend almost $1.75 billion on this mission. it brings me to my question.

according to a recent study, which of the following countries spent the largest percentage of its gdp on space last year? a, the united states. b, china. c, russia. or d, india. stay tuned and we will tell you the correct answer. this week's "book of the week" is bret stephens, "america in retreat." this is an exceptionally intelligent, well written book filled with interesting data and analysis that's well worth reading and i don't even agree with most of it. stephens has been on our show often, and he is fast becoming the most influential conservative writer on policy, so read it to your delight or hone your arguments against it. as president obama gets ready to take executive action on immigration for our "last look" let's take an interesting new look at an old place for many of our ancestors journeys in this country began, not mine, but others. this week marked the 60th anniversary of the closing of ellis island.

from the day that it opened in 1892, ellis island processed over 12 million immigrants, and the u.s. government estimates that 40% of americans can trace their ancestry to immigrants who passed through this isle in new york harbor. a new art exhibit on the island caught my eye this anniversary week. as part of his unframed project, the artist j.r. has placed life-size historical photos of immigrants around the deteriorating buildings. the black and white pictures fit cleverly into the walls and the space and according to the artist's website, the project is about bringing the memory of the island to life. and perhaps the memory that america is a country of immigrants who came from around the world, often poor and illiterate and speaking little english but from that rough material has come the made it t most powerful country in the history of the world.

just a memory that congress should keep in mind bh thinkings about immigration reform. we were talking about the republic of macedonia. unfortunately, while we were talking about that sovereign nation, we showed you images of the macedonia region of greece. its neighbor to the south. our apologies. the correct answer to the gps challenge question is, c. according to the report, the united states outspends russia, china, and india combined in raw dollars are but russia spent slightly more than the u.s. as a percentage of gdp. it's township a quarter of a percentage point of the country's gdp. it underscores just how much the kremlin values its space

program. thanks to all of you for being part of my program this week, and i will see you next week. . developing news. isis claiming to behead another american. this time it appears aide worker peter kasic is a victim in a group slaying by the terrorists. then president barack obama now revealing there are circumstances that would force him to put boots on the ground in the fight against isis. what he says would have to happen. plus, more revelations from the michael brown shooting investigation. we asked attorney for brown's parents what the new police audio and video mean for the grand jury considering a case against officer darren wilson.

hello. i'm frederica whitfield. we begin with isis claims that a video is posted on-line today that shows the beheading of american hostage peter kassig. 26-year-old kassig was serving as a medical work ner syria when he was captured more than a year ago. the former u.s. army ranger and iraq war veteran converted to islam during his captivity adopting the name ab yul rakman kassig. it's different from those showing the apparent beheadings of two american hostages and two british hostages. it shows the aftermath of a beheading without showing the identity of thevictim. and the video has want been independently confirmed. president obama was briefed about the video aboard air force one while heading home from the g20 summit in ahs rail where. joining me from washington is retired u.s. army lieutenant

colonel joe rufini. >> pleasure to be here. >> he is also the author of "when terror comes to main street." colonel, this video has been described as the most barbaric released by isis so far. how do you interpret what is happening here? when they go public on social media with these videos. first of all, it has an absolute psychological affect on the people whose area they're occupying now, and the cities that they will be going into. what isis is telling them is when we come in and we tell you to do what we tell you, you know what the consequences are if you say no. the other psychological affect it has and mainly on westerners is that we find an act like this totally horrific, and barbaric. it simz leads us to believe these are m