i must say to you that the state of the union is not good. >> will these people somehow turn politics into power and make a government work? >> we're here to witness a significant achievement in the cause of peace. >> what was once a distant foreign policy issue has become a domestic issue. >> there is no malaise in the spirit of this country. >> we can turn this country around and we can turn our economy around. and the time to do it is now. ♪

in just a few moments now, president nixon will be appearing before the people perhaps for the last time as president of the united states. >> hail to the chief! hail to the chief! >> good evening. i shall resign the presidency effective as noon tomorrow. the turning over the direction

of the government in vice president ford, i know that the leadership of america will be in good hands. >> in those first few days and weeks when gerald ford ascended to the presidency, you could say if you were casting someone to play the role of a president to heal a nation, that gerald ford would be that person. >> ladies and gentlemen, the vice president of the united states and mrs. ford. >> gerald ford was one of the most popular people, but always willing to talk, always willing to compromise. >> my fellow americans, our long national nightmare is over. >> part of what gerald ford wanted to do was move beyond watergate. and so to say our long national nightmare is over was to try to tell the nation my main job as president will be to heal this country.

>> may our former president who brought peace to millions find it for himself. >> david, what do you think? >> i would guess that in his term, we may see a little bit of what we have promised in the preamble of the constitution, and that is a little bit of domestic tranquility. >> when gerald word became president, he understood the public needed something completely different. he seemed to be the right man for those times. >> the change from nixon to ford is likely to give the nation's economy a psychological lift, but it's going to take more than a new president to cure the economy. >> it was an extremely difficult time. ford inherited the deepest recession since the 1930s, but he was spending 25% of his time on leftover nixon matters. >> ford's in a brand-new job and faces really consequential choices, pardon nixon and try to

put watergate behind the country or let the investigation run its course. >> this year, especially the past few months and weeks, have been filled with extraordinary days. today was another one that historians will be writing about and thinking about for years to come. >> i, gerald r. ford, president of the united states, do grant a full, free and absolute pardon unto richard nixon for all offenses against the united states. >> he's wrong, absolutely wrong. >> ford did a generous thing, and i think the american people just forget about nixon. >> i think it raises the whole question of equal justice under law except for presidents getting special treatment. >> good morning. we are about to see something which, as far as we know, may never have been seen before in american history. a sitting president of the united states testifying before a congressional committee. >> the subcommittee will be in order. >> i had just been out of law

school for a few years. i was the last person on that subcommittee to ask a question. and i thought for sure somebody on the subcommittee would ask president ford the tough questions about the pardon. nobody asked the questions. >> i would like to point out, mr. president, the circumstances of the pardon which you issued secrecy with which it was issued made people question whether or not, in fact, there was a deal. >> mrs. holtzmann, i repeat with emphasis that if we had had an indictment, a trial, a conviction that the attention of the president, the congress and the american people would have been diverted from the problems that we have to solve. >> ford now looks very smart in history for issuing the pardon. it did not look that great at the time. he took a beating for it. >> if we'd had a trial of nixon, the country would have been stopped. and you've got to remember, presidents are there to govern.

and we hadn't had much governing. >> wherever you look across the united states, plants are closing, industries are slowing down, businesses are failing. at least 6 million people are out of work, and unemployment in the united states is at its highest level in 13 years. >> economically, the country began to pay a very heavy price for the long vietnam war for which tax increases had not been passed to pay for it. >> we have stagflation. it's a new disease. it's stagnation with inflation. >> the chuck steaks have gone up. now they're 94 this week, which is ridiculous. and i can't afford it. >> for many pensioners, the struggle is to find enough to eat. from garbage, if necessary. >> inflation went through the roof. people would come into my office and they'd be crying. >> americans were feeling poorer and poorer. their salaries weren't going up as quickly as the cost of milk and cheese. something was wrong with the system. >> there's only one point on which all advisers have agreed.

we must whip inflation right now. unless every able american pitches in, congress and i cannot do the job. >> gerald ford is a conservative republican. so he's trying to figure out how do you deal with economic problems without strong government? so he puts together this program which relies on voluntary action by americans. >> there was no program. basically, the president was saying buy less. >> the win buttons were part of the propaganda. there were also pamphlets and posters. >> the principle methods of coping with inflation. >> are you suggesting, sir, that buttons and flags are trivial? >> yes. >> abc news presents live coverage of the president's state of the union message to congress. >> the president of the united states. >> when he goes to give the

state of the union address, he is under tremendous pressure. i remember being there, and it was palpable. you could feel it. >> a lot hangs on this as being his very first state of the union. >> 26 years ago, a freshman congressman who was out to change the world stood at the back of this great chamber. as president truman said, i am happy to report to the 81st congress that the state of the union is good. today, millions of americans are out of work. recession and inflation are eroding the money of millions more. prices are too high, and sales are too slow. and i must say to you, that the state of the union is not good.

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ladies, i can share hundreds in savings with all of you! just visit progressive.com today. but right now, it's choosing time. ooh! we have a winner. all: what? [chuckles] he's supposed to pick one of us. this is a joke, right? that was the whole point of us being here. former california governor ronald reagan is about to hold a press conference in washington where he is expected to announce that he is a candidate for the republican presidential nomination. >> one of the thing that was a problem for ford the fact that his party was coming apart at the seams. reagan was able to mount a formidable challenge to ford in the '76 republican nomination contest. >> i am running because i am growing increasingly concerned about the course events in the united states and the world.

>> reagan was the great two-term governor of california. and he goes after gerald ford as being weak. >> i am quite critical of our foreign policy right now. matter of fact i think that it is all most anchorless and all almost aimless. >> he is a good actor. but he also is a formidable challenger. >> ronald reagan was challenging a sitting president in his own party, relatively conservative president and basically calling him a liberal sellout. >> in the texas primary reagan wiped out the president in a stunning victory. >> in august of 1974, this country had some very difficult, formidable obstacles ahead of us. >> and you blew it! >> we blew it in the right direction, young man. and those of you -- [ indiscernible ] >> this was a period right in the wake of watergate. americans were very, very suspicious about government and about people who had spent too much time in washington, d.c.

jimmy carter could run as someone who called himself an outsider, a guy who wasn't tainted by washington, d.c. and its corruption and its culture. >> i remember when i announced for president there was a major headline on the editorial page of "the atlanta constitution," and it said "jimmy carter is running for what?" i'm running for president. >> jimmy carter. >> jimmy who? >> i don't know who he is. >> i picture him like one of us. one of the commons. >> jimmy carter grew up in a very small town in the south. plains, georgia. he had grown into a family of farmers. became a peanut farmer himself. from georgia he basically started his political ascent. >> the idea that somebody that somebody from that region could aspire that kind of national office, people didn't even try. >> yesterday, about 50,000 democrats in iowa met in

caucuses to choose delegates for their state party convention. former georgia governor jimmy carter did extremely well. >> the iowa caucus was something no one ever paid attention to. but carter and his team said, hey, if we go and we win, the media is going to treat us look a serious political front-runner. >> mr. carter is also deeply religious. he prays in public and speaks openly about his religious beliefs. >> carter was a person who you thought would lead america to some kind of spiritual redemption. which at the time we really needed. >> nothing has happened tonight to change the feeling that jimmy carter is on his way to a kind of coronation in madison square garden. [ applause ] >> the battle for the republican nomination turned out to be really close. it was close enough to make the ford people's fingernails sweat. gerald ford got the nomination. >> when ford was nominated,

reagan's supporters staged a demonstration on the convention floor. and it went on and on and on and on. >> by the end of that convention, it's clear that gerald ford may be the nominee, ronald reagan won the hearts and mind of conservatives. >> reagan did great damage to ford. look at the poll numbers. you will see jimmy carter starts surging. over 30 points ahead of gerald ford. ford had a weak position in the national race. so he challenged jimmy carter to a debate. >> mr. president, i would like to explore a little more deeply our relationship with the russians. >> max frankle asked ford a question about whether the united states was accepting of soviet domination of eastern europe.

>> there is no soviet domination of eastern europe and there never will be under a ford administration. >> i'm sorry, could i just follow -- did i understand you to say, sir, that the russians are not using eastern europe as their own sphere of influence? >> everybody's jaw just dropped. are you alive? are you aware? what he meant to say is i will not accept any soviet domination of eastern europe. >> governor carter, have you a response? >> charitably that was a momentary slip. uncharitably it was a loss of touch with reality. >> clearly a huge moment where the country makes the judgment, you know what? maybe we do need to go in a different direction and replace the president. >> whatever they can stand on. >> ford had never lost an election in his life. won 15 straight terms in the house. and here all of a sudden, he's beaten by this one-term governor of georgia.

he was crushed. >> my voice isn't up to par. let me call on the real spokesman for the family. peggy. >> it's been the greatest honor of my husband's life to have served his fellow americans during two of the most difficult years in our history. >> i think the real test to come is now. will these people who have taken apart the old system can somehow translate politics into power and make a government work. that's their real test. we are on the threshold possibly of the greatest change since the new deal in 1932. ♪ i'm reworking the menu. mayo, corn dogs... you are so out of here! ahh... the complete balanced nutrition of great tasting ensure. with nine grams of protein... and 26 vitamins and minerals. ensure. take life in.

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♪ the parade has started. he is out of the car. >> this is a change in the schedule. he is walking. most presidents in our time have wanted to do this. but in recent years after our various tragedies it has been discouraged and there has not been very much of it. >> jimmy carter and rosalynn get out of the car. it was game changing. people looked at that and said "this is what we need. a real person as president." >> carter was a man of the people.

glamour was not what we were in the market for. we were looking for a redeemer. >> take a look around. i never have seen it. supposed to have a meeting with some of the cabinet officers. >> are you actually going upstairs, taking a look at the living quarters? >> yes, for the first time. >> president carter had four years to do what he thought was important. fix the economy. try to bring some peace to the middle east. fix energy and some other things. >> we will have available for public scrutiny and congressional action by april the 20th, a comprehensive long-range energy policy. >> the winter of 1977 is one of the worst the country had experienced and this comes at a type the economy is still doing poorly. >> the severe weather has already led to a serious shortage of natural gas. >> federal power commission estimates at least 200,000 layoffs due to industrial gas curtailments so far. >> in the dayton area, school districts must close for 30

days. >> congress will consider this week emergency gas legislation. emergency gas legislation. >> good evening, president carter is about to speak to the nation from the white house on the subject of energy. >> tonight i want to have an unpleasant talk with you. the energy crisis has not yet overwhelmed us. but it will if we do not act quickly. we need to shift to plentiful coal while taking care to protect the environment and to apply stricter safety standard to nuclear energy. this difficult effort will be the moral equivalent of war. >> the policies that he rolls out around the speech don't go anywhere. one of the key reasons for this is that jimmy carter really had poor relations with congress. >> for the producing states i think it would be a catastrophic, cataclysmic calamity. >> he is trying to prepare the public mind to accept the carter proposal and nothing else. >> carter alienated the powers that be in congress. so when jimmy carter began to

falter, he didn't have friends coming out and speaking for him. in fact, i was getting calls from democrats criticizing him. >> i have always heard about the advise and consent role of the congress. so far they have been a little stronger on the advice than they have on consent. >> carter inherits a financial mess and there was no magic wand to cure it all. he needed a big feather in his cap quickly. >> it is almost a white house cliche when a president is in trouble at home his counselors advise a trip abroad. >> a president on the road. his first long overseas trip to the middle east and western europe. mr. carter met not only with anwar sadat of egypt but king hussein of jordan, king khalid of saudi arabia and the shah of iran. >> the united states had always backed the shah of iran and goes back to 1953 in fact when america essentially put the shah into power. >> iran is an island of stability and one of the more

troubled areas of the world. >> even though western governments loved the shah, they weren't really paying attention to the fact on the ground. and there were many people who were discontented with the shah in part because of his extremely oppressive policies. >> iran was seen as important for its oil resources but also because the shah was an ally when it came to regional goals. this was a natural alliance to the united states. >> the president and the shah of iran spent a long time speaking abut the middle east. and it was brought up by other leaders in other countries. >> jimmy carter saw the middle east and the settlement of the conflict between israelis and arabs as central to any kind of stability for the next generation. >> hopes for a middle east peace settlement were never higher than they were last november when sadat went to jerusalem to meet begin. after begin returned the visit, the enthusiasm dropped off.

while the world watched, sadat and begin took to bickering and negotiations built down. >> jimmy carter took advantage of sadat's willingness to talk to the israelis. i think he thought he might be able to do something that his predecessors couldn't. it was a huge gamble. >> good afternoon, the stage is set and the participants are now beginning to arrive here in the washington area. president carter, egyptian president, anwar sadat and, israeli prime minister begin will sit down together in the solitude of camp david and begin to work out a settlement for the middle east. >> failure here would increase the impression that is being reflected in the public opinion polls that mr. carter is a nice man but inept president. >> hundred of reporters here, interviewing each other. what the three are discussing whether the talks are friendly, or tense, we just don't know because of the unprecedented secrecy. >> at the end of the second day, rosalynn says you could hear them screaming at each other at the top of their lungs.

carter had to physically separate them. he had to block them from leaving. >> the middle east summit at camp david is a week old and no official word on how the talks are going or when they might end, but their length already has given rise to reports of a stalemate. >> carter had a photograph of the three men and made up copies for begin's nine grandchildren and signed each of them, love jimmy carter. very reluctantly, carter went back to see begin. carter handed him the photographs and said i had hoped to write that this is where your grandfather and i made peace. and begin began to weep. carter went back to his cabin to tell sadat that the signing was off. and the phone rang. and it was begin saying that he would sign.

>> we are privileged to witness tonight a significant achievement in the cause of peace. an achievement none thought possible a year ago. >> the peace treaty changed the tenor of politics across the region. an arab country which accounted for a quarter of the arab world population recognized israel's right to exist. it changed the dynamics of the middle east. >> they embrace. what a picture. what a picture. and the room of course has erupted in cheering. applause. as begin said peace now celebrates a great victory. i found her wandering miles from home. when the phone rang at 5am, i knew it was about mom. i see how hard it's been on her at work and i want to help. for the 5 million americans living with alzheimer's, and millions more who feel its effects.

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call liberty mutual for a free quote today at see car insurance in a whole new light. liberty mutual insurance. the camp david accord was carter's crowning achievement. but it was very shortly thereafter diminished by the crisis with iran. >> ayatollah khomeini was called on his supporters to depose the shah. >> he called for the building of an islamic state, not dependent on the west. >> i don't think the united states as a secular country understood that islam could oust a monarchy that prevailed for a

system of government for 2 1/2 millennia. >> we support the shah. we don't try to interfere with the internal affairs of iran. >> we did put the shah in but you are saying we can't keep him in? >> i think that's a decision to be made by the people of that country. >> good evening, the shah of iran is in egypt tonight. his countrymen are deliriously rejoicing at his departure and all around the world, government leaders are trying to come to grips with the fall of the man known as the king of kings. >> the old chant of "death to the shah" replaced by a new one, "death to carter." >> jimmy carter knows we want freedom. we don't want his human rights anymore. >> obviously the source of energy for the 1970s was a core question. the iranian revolution is drying up our energy supply. we are literally running out of gas. >> may we have our attention, please. there has been a state of emergency declared on three mile island. >> a nuclear power plant near

harrisburg, pennsylvania, the cooling system broke down this morning. some radioactive steam escaped into the air. radiation passed through the four-foot concrete walls and was detected a mile away from the plant. >> this was the first big nuclear disaster at a time when the country was increasingly reliant on nuclear power. and the federal government and the state government couldn't do much about it. it was scary. >> it is the beginning of mistrust of nuclear power as the magic salve to the energy problem. >> the president said today that he believes this incident will make it necessary to reassess the country's present nuclear safety regulations. that comes from a president who has been claiming that more nuclear reactors are needed to offset the demand for foreign oil. >> the energy crisis which had been going on all decade only gets worse with middle eastern turmoil. >> californians sat fuming in their cars, waiting impatiently in long lines wondering who and what put them there.

somehow there wasn't enough gas to go around. but prices rose elsewhere and lines began forming and americans began realizing that california was not unique. california was first. >> people in this country always worry about the price of gas. but this is a worry about the availability of gas. >> while the oil producers were getting ready for another price increase, the oil consumers were beginning to meet in japan. president carter's state visit began today. >> is there anything immediate you can do to reduce the gas lines in the united states? >> my information is in the next few weeks, hopefully sooner there will be an increase of supply of gasoline to the affected areas. >> i think it's phony. i think they're trying to get the prices jacked up. that's my personal opinion. >> what was once a distant foreign policy issue has become a domestic issue. >> a truck strike has driven food prices upward, slowed industry and resulted in violence. the bloodiest episode in pennsylvania, 32 people were

injured when motorists joined the truckers in protesting the fuel shortage. >> the crowd of 2,000 to 3,000 mostly young teenagers, packed the intersection then it turned violent. >> this is levittown, pennsylvania, the quintessential perfect symbol of middle america. middle america is in torment about the gas crisis. >> sunday, july 1st, because of the gas lines, carter flies home from the tokyo summit and announces a television speech to the nation thursday. then to camp david by helicopter presumably to work on that energy speech. but then, a sudden change. the energy speech is canceled with no explanation. critics speak of indecision. >> carter decides that he wants to meet with advisers from all walks of life. >> the latest group include schlesinger, several nonoil experts and three governors. >> now he has been up there eight days and there is still no word on when the camp david domestic summit will end and the

president will come down from the mountain. >> one almost expects the president to alight from his chopper carrying with him two tablets of stone. >> sources say mr. carter will address what he calls a malaise affecting the nation. >> this is an abc news special report. >> 15 seconds, sir. >> stand by. >> good evening. i want to speak to you first tonight about a subject even more serious than energy or inflation. it is a crisis of confidence. for the first time in the history of our country a majority of our people believe that the next five years will be worse than the past five years. too many of us now tend to worship self-indulgence and consumption. human identity is no longer defined by what one does, but by what one owns. >> so the president has

concluded his speech. what a remarkable speech it was. it was almost a sermon. >> afterward he gets a bump in the polls. people are like, hey, this is good. then the op-eds begin to drip in. >> i think the president and his advisers are making a mistake if they think out there in the country that people feel there's a crisis of confidence in themselves. they feel there is a crisis of confidence in the president. >> it was analysis of the speech that really began to turn things for him. and right after the speech, he then basically fired his cabinet. >> when members of the cabinet gathered at the white house this morning for a two-hour meeting with the president they seemed to be in good spirits. but by the time they left thing had changed. along with the senior white house staff, their resignations were requested. >> don't you think someone should come out and assure the country that we don't have to have these prices? >> i don't think there is a crisis. >> do the american people have the right to know who is running the government? >> they do have a right to know. they do know who's running the government. the american public isn't

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the shah of iran is in a new york city hospital tonight.

an american government source in washington says the deposed iranian monarch is suffering from cancer and blocked bile duct. >> the shah was admitted that he not engage in political activity while here. the present iranian government was assured of that. meanwhile, tighter security measures have been put into effect at the u.s. embassy in tehran as a result of actions by anti-shah fanatics. >> carter agreed to allow the shah to come to the united states for medical treatment. an at that point it was the match that lit this conflagration. >> the american embassy in tehran is in the hands of muslim students tonight, spurred on by anti-american speech by ayatollah khomeini, they stormed the embassy, fought the marine guards for three hours, overpowered them and took dozens of american hostages. >> the iranians burned the united states flag and denounced the u.s. government saying they would stay until the u.s. sends the deposed shah back to iran.

>> what i remember, this was the second day, was that the provisional government of dr. bosergon, the prime minister, which was essentially the people we dealt with, had resigned. at that point i remember thinking we are definitely in the soup because there was no one to talk to. there was no government for our government to talk to. >> in tehran it is tuesday morning. the hostages at the american embassy more than 60 of them have spent another night. their ninth as prisoners of the iranian captors. and today president carter made his first public response to their ordeal. >> i am ordering that we discontinue purchasing of any oil from iran for delivery to this country. >> high administration officials believe that through today's action they have removed a bargaining tool that can no longer be used in dealing with the hostages. other officials say candidly that today's announcement was also intended to dampen the

outrage and frustration expressed by americans over the country's seeming helplessness. >> how they treated our diplomats was humiliating. that put extraordinary pressure on jimmy carter. >> the meetings go on, but there is nothing to suggest the meetings have produced any new ways of solving the crisis. >> any encouraging news for iran, president? status quo? >> yes, i'm afraid so. >> first sign of hope in two weeks from the american embassy in tehran. the students holding the hostages promised to obey an order from ayatollah khomeini to free all women and blacks. the ayatollah said islam has respect for women and blacks who have spent ages under american oppression and tyranny. >> the president was apparently confident that at least some of the hostages will soon be free. we are thankful said his statement, the ordeal may be

over for them, and that they may soon be reunited with their families. but it went on to urge that the authorities in iran now move to secure the safe release of all those still being held. >> what can you do? you bring pressure. you can bring sanctions. you can go to the united nations. you can send emissaries. but america can't do a damn thing. >> ted koppel on abc news, walter cronkite, america, day 15, day 100, day 200. it started wearing on people. and carter started becoming the symbol of lost american prestige. >> ronald reagan is running officially. he got in the race tonight in new york city at a fund-raising dinner. and he taped a speech yesterday for showing tonight on about 90 independent television stations. >> i'm here tonight to announce my intention to seek the republican nomination for the president of the united states. the crisis we face is not the result of any failure of the american spirit, it's a failure of our leaders. >> the country is looking for

optimism, looking for a new dawn, new beginnings. and ronald reagan epitomized all those things. >> between '76 and '80, reagan's building a coalition bringing in christian fundamentalists, and law and order nixonian people. you've got to do it with a smile, and you've got to do it in a way that makes people feel good and not scold them. >> we can turn this country around. we can turn our economy around. and the time to do it is now. >> we want change! >> there are many democrats who are worried that carter is not going to win. so ted kennedy, a senator from massachusetts, decides to take him on. >> today i formally announce that i am a candidate for president of the united states. [ cheers and applause ] >> many democrats believe carter moved too far to the center and he abandoned the traditional

ideas of the party. >> jimmy carter and kennedy became the polar opposites within the party and jimmy carter on top of that had a feeling that the kennedys felt that they were above we southerners. >> it is a nasty contest. when someone asked jimmy carter in passing, what do you think of being challenged by ted kennedy. jimmy carter says "i'll whip his ass." >> this is a special report from cbs news. >> the 174th day of the iran crisis brought a startling and tragic turn of events. the united states mounted a military operation into iran last night to rescue the american hostages. but it failed. >> eight helicopters took off from the deck of the aircraft carrier "nimitz." the eight helicopters headed to a desert staging area 200 miles southeast of tehran. two of the helicopters experienced problems en route. >> but once on the ground, yet another helicopter malfunctioned. leaving only five for the mission. at that moment, the president scrubbed the mission.

>> in the rush to pull out, one of the helicopters taxied into a c-130 fuel tanker. both burst into flames. >> eight of our men were killed. four others suffered burns. the bodies of the dead have not yet been returned. >> the ayatollah seemed to enjoy stage managing in this grisly theater as the bodies were shown. the soldiers, obviously, took no joy here. >> it was my decision to attend the rescue operation. it was my decision to cancel it when problems developed. the responsibility is fully my own. ♪ ♪

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why do you want to be president? >> well, i'm -- >> kennedy should have been prepared to answer that question. in some ways, he was preparing to answer that question his entire life. instead, he gave a stammering, halting answer that instantly told people this guy does not know why he wants the job. >> there's more natural resources than any nation in the world. >> the interesting thing is that after it became clear that kennedy couldn't win, he became a great candidate.

>> there is no malaise in the spirit of this country. it's just mr. carter. >> kennedy's primary challenge has a big effect because many democrats are not that enthused about their candidate once the convention takes place. >> live from new york city, the 1980 democratic national convention. >> the democrats have had their first day of the convention. for kennedy lost the first and decisive fight. jimmy carter is the nominee of this party. >> i congratulate president carter on his victory here. i am confident that the democratic party will reunite on the basis of democratic principles and that together we will march towards a democratic victory in 1980. >> people are cheering kennedy on. the enthusiasm for what he has to say is much more than the response that carter gets. >> in good times and bad, in the valleys and on the peaks,

we've told people the truth. >> carter then wants kennedy to come up on stage and they can hold up their hands together to show that this party is union newed. unified. but when kennedy comes up, he doesn't really do that. >> this is slightly awkward. >> kennedy did not win. could not win. and, yet, he had ripped the party apart when what they needed to win that election was full democratic unity. >> this country needs a new administration with a renewed dedication to the dream of an american. an administration that will give that dream new life and make america great again. >> you tell them, ronny?

you tell them! >> ronald reagan will call carter out for this whole idea that we live in an age of limits and say no, america's future is just as expansive as it ever was. >> next tuesday, you will go to the polls. i think when you make that decision, it might be well if you ask yourself. are you better off than you were four years ago? >> this is continuing abc news election night coverage. >> it is beginning to look like, well, the word is landslide for ronald reagan tonight. but they're not breaking out the champagne at the reagan headquarters now, it's only because they're -- well, they can't find an opener. >> jimmy carter, though beaten at the polls, did not act like a beaten man. he said he didn't feel as people had turned against him personally, but it voted over america's lost dominance in world affairs and economic affairs. mr. carter showed a flash of anguish only once when he said his wife had see a majority of

preachers this morning that america had put a true christian in the oval office. >> we knew that reagan had won the election. the iranians told us that. a certain gloating feeling that they were responsible for jimmy carter's dedefeat. >> mr. carter is back in his office burning the midnight oil. and perhaps that's characteristic of the jimmy carter presidency. he's doing it here on his last night in washington. >> up until the last moment, right before he actually has to shake ronald reagan's hand during reagan's inauguration, jimmy carter is doing everything he possibly can to try to get those hostages home. >> jimmy carter was perceived in iran as the ultimate ally of the shah, and they didn't want to give any rewards to jimmy carter. >> i will faithfully execute the office -- >> we had to wait until ronald reagan had taken the oath of office before the plane was allowed to fly out of tehran to algiers.

everything was delayed despite the agreement to make sure that jimmy carter didn't get any credit for the freedom of the hostages. >> it was a bittersweet moment as jimmy carter, private citizen, left andrews air force base outside of washington to go home to georgia. >> luck is a big factor in a presidency. and jimmy carter had some very bad luck. >> because of the blowback from vietnam and watergate, it will be recognized that jimmy carter inherited a national and world situation that was almost completely unmanageable. >> a few moments ago on air force one, i had received word officially for the first time that the aircraft carrying the 52 american hostages had cleared iranian air space on the first leg of the journey home and that every one of the 52 hostages was alive, was well, and free.

vietnam is the most divisive, abrasive war americans have fought anywhere. >> it's time for the great silent majority to stand up and be counted. >> how do you ask a man to be the last man to die for a mistake? >> we're just going to refuse to do it. >> you may be in jail, but you won't be dead. >> military pressure will continue until a peace settlement is reached. >> we have achieved peace with honor. >> the americans are leaving. the vietnamese must stay and face uncertainty. >> vietnam, we've reached the end of the tunnel, and there is no light there.