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tv   Fareed Zakaria GPS  CNN  August 30, 2015 10:00am-11:01am PDT

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fund-raisers. he is merely born to run or is he born to win? >> thank you for spending your sunday morning with us. gps starts right now. >> this is gps, the global public square. welcome from the united states and around the world. with the president and the world. how has barack obama handled the many foreign policy challenges he has been presented with? libya, the horn of africa, iraq, iran, afghanistan, russia, north korea and less than 100 miles away in cuba. we have an all-star pan toll give the president a report card. also stan mcchrystal led soldiers into battle in
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afghanistan. he led the united states's most elite fighters and he will teach all of us a thing or two about leadership. the general on how to lead. and helen miran played elizabeth i and elizabeth ii. she played an agent and the dean of the university from monsters. >> what kind of a monster are you? >> she never played an american president. i will ask her how she would do so. and finally, cecil the lion might be dead, but sudan, the last white rhino is still alive. it will take more than a village to keep him that way. i will explain. here's my take. these days, i imagine president obama is feeling the country is on the right path. the economy recovered nicely, unemployment is below 6% and stock markets are higher than
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when he took over. foreign policy can point to a deal with the world's major powers and iran and restoring diplomatic relations with cuba after five decades. in one area, america witnessed a series of flare-ups that remind us of an enduring problem that simply refuses to go away. america's racial divide. in thinking about it, i found myself intrigued by lessons from an unlikely source. singapore. to help prepare for a trip last month as a guest of the national university. i asked the country's deputy prime minister what he regarded as the country's biggest success. i imagine that he would talk about economics since the city state's per capita outstrips that of america or hong kong. he spoke about social harmony.
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we were a nation that was not meant to be. the swamp-ridden island expelled from malaysia in 1965 had a population of migrants with myriads of religions and cultures and belief systems. what's interesting and unique about singapore are the social strategies. we respected people's differences yet melded a nation and made advantage out of diversity. he explained in an interview, echoing remarks he made in the symposium in switzerland. how did singapore do it? by mandating ethnic diversity in all of the neighborhoods. over 18% live in public housing, all of it well regarded. every block, precinct and enclave has ethnic quotas. this is what people mean when they talk about nanny state and the minster admits it. the most intrusive social policy turned out to be the most
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important. when you ensure every neighborhood is mixed, people do everyday things together to be comfortable with each other and most importantly the kids go to the same schools. when the kids grow up, they begin to share a future together. this belief was at the heart of many of the efforts of the united states federal government in the 1950s and 60s to desegregate schools and integrate neighborhoods. to court orders, housing laws and executive actions. those were largely abandoned by the 1980s and since then, the data shows the america that remains strikingly segregated. this residential segregation translated into unequal access and basic health care and crucially, education. despite the fact that they ordered segregation 61 years ago, schools have become less diverse in the last two decades.
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a ucla study last year pointed out that many black and latino students face almost total isolation not only from white students, but also from middle class as well. these findings would not surprise the singaporeans. the natural workings of society rarely lead to diverse and integrated communities. not in singapore or anywhere else. they more likely lead to mistrust, self segregation and bigotry which we see in abundance in so many countries today. in britain, half the muslim population lives in the bottom 10% of ilts neighborhoods by income. did that happen by chance, he asks? singapore is an unusual case. it's a small city state and has critic who is point to a quasi-authoritarian system and one that makes opposition parties face handicaps. they can do things western do
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mock reass cannot. they had their own problems. all that said, i believe that singapore is an example of a diverse society that has been able to live together and we could learn something from. for more go to cnn.com and read my "washington post" article on the subject. >> let's go right to the report card of president obama and his handling of the entire world. my first guest is gideon rose from foreign affairs. the new issue is devoted to this topic and has a great cover. gideon will do so here as well. megan o sullivan and elliott abrams will top officials in the council in the george w. bush administration. both deputy national security advisers. megan is professor of affairs at
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harvard's kennedy school and abrams is the study for mideast studies. a contributing editor to the atlantic and national journal, a columnist and fellow and cnn commentator. i hope everyone is happy with that. you begin this collection of essays on obama with a favorable reading of his foreign policy. why? >> i think the president has done a decent job on foreign policy. the way to consider a president's foreign policy record is to see him as a member of a relay race. many runners past and many in the future. u.s. foreign policy has been largely constant in the broadest outlines since the late 1940s. building a strong liberal international order with democracies cooperating and nestling under a security umbrella. this lasted throughout the cold war and expanded under the
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george h.w. bush in the postwar years. it got off track in the george w. bush years when there was reckless adventurism and obama brought it back on track. he pulled back from some of the excesses and overzealous adventurism of the bush years and the order is still intact and ready to move forward with the next president. in the long run, taking everything into account, the obama administration is of a piece with george h.w. bush's and bill clinton's and the odd man out is the george w. bush administration. >> why do i think you will agree this? one way of judging that is asking people around the world who depend on the united states for world order and their security. the polls and the checks and those facing the australians and vietnamese and south koreans facing china. the israelis and the gulf era.
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they all feel less safe. they feel the international order is coming apart. if you ask the people who are concerned about human rights in china or iran or cuba, they feel much less important. you ask people who is concerned about humanitarian affairs, they will point to 250 or 300,000 slaughtered in syria with the united states doing nothing. as you go around the world and talk to people, they don't think that things are better under president obama. they think he is the odd man out. he is turning away from america's responsibilities. >> peter, what do you think of that? >> there is an element. >> i don't know who you have been talking to, but the polls show president obama is still much more popular around the world than was george w. bush and america is more popular than it was. yes, there has been retrenchment. obama is a bit like the position
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eisenhower was in after korea or nixon was in after vietnam. america was overstretched and the military was in trouble. he retrenched and had to. obama made america weaker if you judge the strength based on the size of the military footprint. america's military footprint is larger than under reagan and we have a more sustainable military footprint than in the year of george w. bush. >> the single most important retrenchment as you were centrally involved in iraq. do you think at the end of the day the mideast which is messy, chaotic and dangerous would really be any less messy, chaotic and dangerous if 10,000 american soldiers were in iraq and we had a no-fly zone in syria? >> let me address the idea of the core of what gideon and peter are talking about.
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restraint might make sense in a world where we don't have a lot at stake or our allies are active in promoting our interests. or where the world order is self perpetuating. we don't live in that world. we live in a different world where we have a lot at stake and our allies are really inward focused. the international order i would say gideon is not in good shape. it's fraying more so than at any point since the conception 70 years ago. the mideast, i think this idea of strategic restraint has been the most flawed. it is really a euphemism maybe for paralysis. i think that's where obama's legacy is going to be certainly the weakest. this foreign policy was based on assumptions that turned out to be wrong. one is that american involvement in the mideast only makes things worse or is simply a recipe for
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getting us involved without results. i think we see the mideast being worse off after these last seven years than before. >> did any official say anything like that? that depiction of how they see america in the world doesn't pair any resemblance. >> you are doing more than you are saying. >> it's hard to look at the iran deal as paralysis. you may not like it, but it's a major move on the chess board. it doesn't look like paralysis to me. >> we will talk about iran. >> par would argue that not getting bogged down is a stretch. >> there is a difference. the international order is fraying is simply absurd with all due respect. the united states is the strongest power in the entire global by leap years. they have the next seven nations combined. it accounts for 75% of global
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defense. the major industrial and economic centers in the world are intact and thriving. the problems are the gribing and that comes from a few exposed allies are the cause of their own problems in peripheral areas. in the mideast that's a separate question. much of the mideast is no longer a core interest and are a direct involvement there is not making things better. >> we keep going, but i have to take a commercial break. when we come back, we will talk about the most controversial of president obama's accomplishments, the nuclear deal with iran. [ male announcer ] he doesn't need your help. until he does. three cylinders, 50 horsepower. go bold. go powerful. go gator. go bold. go powerful. when you're not confident your company's data is secure, the possibility of a breach can quickly become the only thing you think about.
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>> we are back with gideon rose and elliott rose and peter o sullivan. we were talking about iran and you regard this as an accomplishment. >> between elliott in the earlier segment, the dissidents don't like the obama administration. no one is more excited about this deal. they know that it is the cold war with the united states. i didn't interrupt you. they know that it is a cold war with the united states that helps to sustain this regime's oppression of them. they are closer to the ground than the people in the united states who are planning to speak on their behalf and did nothing for them.
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this is going to be the moral legacy of the deal that will be good for the people of iran. >> a group of about 150 iranian dissidents including famous ones issued statements saying you are giving $150 billion to oppressors and what are we pushing for? nothing. nothing. and the president doesn't seem concerned about this. it's not that he is failing. he is not trying. >> where is the evidence of that? >> june 2009. >> the sanctions were levied about the nuclear file. the nuclear file will be paused by the deal and in the long run, other issues about the political development will come naturally in their course as they did with the eastern block and as they will with other state-run
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economies. obama understands that he has the confidence that opens economies and a robust vigorous american exceptionalism and triumphs without military force to push history forward before its time. >> this conversation really exacerbates my greatest concern about the deal. the defense of the deal is so tied to the notion that there is going to be political moderation that comes out of the deal in iran. that would be a great thing to have. as late as 2012. the europeans were trading freely. it's not that iran can't be a european state, but it is fault
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tow base the agreement on that hope. >> certainly i would support some element of a deal. this we have to talk about because we are looking at a specific deal. this has iranians with the benefit up front. the expectation that they will adhere to the deal for a decade or longer. i am most concerned about what the deal does for the region. i am more interested in seeing what will accompany this deal. what is the larger strategy that goes after nepharious behavior not just in this, but as a whole. >> this is a lot of what we talk about. there has been an extraordinary amount of behaviors that have funded sunni militants.
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i find it amusing that they found their best friend to be saudi arabia and sponsored every palestinian martyr and held telethons for martyrdom. if you had to choose between whose oil wealth has gone into more pernicious causes over the last 30 years. iran or saudi arabia. it doesn't strike me as close. >> it is close. what you don't hear from saudi arabia or the emirates or kuwait or any of them is israel must go. death to israel. >> they can protect themselves. it turns footworks and can work with iran as well. >> they fought an unnecessary
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catastrophic war. they let the iranian program advanced. it's dramatically better than alternatives. >> wonderful spirited conversation. next on gps, how in the world do you get people to have more babies. believe it or not that this is a burning question for those around the world. if you are so inclined, you will try it at home. hey dad, who wa? dad: he's our broker. he helps looks after all our money. kid: do you pay him? dad: of course. kid: how much? dad: i don't know exactly. kid: what if you're not happy? does he have to pay you back? dad: nope. kid: why not? dad: it doesn't work that way. kid: why not? vo: are you asking enough questions about the way your wealth is managed? wealth management at charles schwab
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. >> now for our what in the world segment. something is odd in the state of
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denmark. a danish travel country has taken a trip abroad. they have 46% more sex on holidays and 10% of danish children are conceived during vacations. the as d offers a three-year supply of baby goods if they conceive. >> do it for denmark. >> what in the is going on. they are worried about the stagnant populations. the average woman needs to have 2.1 children to maintain the population. in the european union, every country is below that 2.1 level, including denmark. by 2050, some countries like greece, portugal and germany will see their populations drop by double-digit percentages.
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japan is the poster child for the crisis. they project you will lose over two million people in the next five years. by 2050, it will have lost 1/5 of their population and there may be only 43 million people in japan by 2110. not only will some populations shrink, but they will get older. europe's over 65 crowd will increase to over a quarter of the population by 2050 according to the un. japan's will be over one third. that means that cash-strapped countries will have higher bills to pay to provide pension and health benefits. it's no wonder that denmark and other countries are getting creative to promote procreation. they funded match making events. south korea's government is trying to reduce the price of weddings to encourage more marriage. working with religious
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organizations to cut costs according to the korea herald. a region in russia encouraged them to bear a patriot on russia day, offering money, refridgerators and cars. in 2012, singapore was treated to national night. a campaign to encourage baby making on the national holiday. are these measures actually work something in general it's difficult to get people to have children using financial incentiv incentives. that said, france championed child friendly policies like pate family leave for parents of new borns and preschool for 3-year-olds and the fertility rates is one of the best in europe. in the united states the fertility rate hit a record low according to the cdc. few predict that america's population will grow. by 27% from 2010 to 2015.
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why? one big reason is immigration. the u.s. has a younger population than europe to begin with and it takes in lots of immigrants. immigrants tend to have more children than native born. the u.s. compared to many other large rich countries in the world will be demographically vibrant and growing for decades and immigrants will help drive that growth. that is an ad that no one will make. next on gps, leadership from a man known as one of america's finest leaders. general mcchrystal tells how to lead. 100% real milk, just without the lactose. so you can drink all you want... ...with no discomfort? exactly. here, try some... mmm, it is real milk. see? delicious. hoof bump! oh. right here girl, boom.
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former secretary of defense robert gates let the more than three million people who work for the u.s. military during the time of two wars. he led through two administrations. one republican and one democratic. he knows something about leadership. gates describes my next guest stanley mcchrystal as perhaps the finest warrior and leader in combat as any i have met. he demanded the forces in afghanistan and earlier all of america's elite special forces. he has just written his book called team of teams. new rules of engagement for a complex world. he talks about how leadership
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lessons from the battlefield translate to the board room. listen in. >> stan mcchrystal, pleasure to have you on. when i look at leadership and i look at somebody like you, i think that this is a highly hierarchical leadership structure. the u.s. army, you give orders, people listen. your job is to appear in posing and inspire them and scare them a little. in your book, what you describe is actually a culture of much greater persuasion than i would have guessed. is that really how the army on works? aren't you ordering them? >> everybody thinks that a sergeant tells you to do something and you do it. on the drill field, you might do that. in combat, soldiers are much more frightened of the enemy and do things for their leaders and
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up to the commanders. they are implementing because you have convinced them. or they are not. the ability to influence and persuade and build confidence in you as a leader and in what they are doing becomes the key task. >> when you look at successfully functioning units, successful examples of leadership, what you found were not -- it wasn't the guy like patton. it was a guy who was able to win the trust of people. >> you win the trust of people and then you unleash their initiative. you can't be everywhere. you can't make decisions. what you want them to do is understand the situation and then have the will and the confidence to decide. i take my class at yale every spring to gettysburg where a 37-year-old division commander committed the army of the potomac to the battle of the civil war.
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he probably knew he was doing that. what gave him the confidence to do that? he was not senior enough to make that decision. what they want is an organization to have people confident enough in the relationships and in what they do to be able to operate them effectively. >> when we look at the iraqi initiative, they are centrally involved over the last decade. he said the thing you have to remember is that prime minister maliki in iraq fired a lot of the generals and the colonels with the iraqi army and put in place hacks and people were not there. he said when you face a very dangerous situation, you are being asked to risk your life. you are not going to do it and believe them. you don't trust. >> that's fundamentally true in
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every army. your confidence and the competence in your leaders and even more in what they stand for. is that a person who will come get you if you are in trouble? if there is that doubt, you are defending ramadi and you are just not sure about that chain of command above you. it's hard to make the decision i will die out here if you don't think it marries and you don't have the support. that's one of the most intangible and important things about any army. >> translate that. the lesson for leadership in most businesses? >> the same kinds of relationships matter. you go to an organization and they say this is our vision. we will make the world better by producing this product and providing this service. this is what we are about. despite very good sayings, people see different behavior from senior leadership. behaviors of greed or behaviors
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of different values and dishonesty and what not. there is a difference between people and what they and said what they actually do. that undermines the confidence of the organization. then down inside the organization if they think the senior leadership is uninformed and the senior leadership said we are going to do this and the people at lower levels know the situation is vastly different, that undermines their confidence and competence and willingness to find out what's going on. it's easy to have happen as organizations get big and senior leadership gets pulled in many directions outside to the markets or customers and what not. you can lose touch in your organization. >> somebody wants to be a leader in their organization and in life. what advice would you get? >> the first thing is it will take personal develop. most of us know the right thing to do at any given moment. i will go through a day and
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there moments when i'm not a good leader, but as soon as it's over, it was a lack of my own personal discipline. it wasn't that nobody taught me or i didn't know. the next thing is empathy. i don't say sympathy. the ability and the willingness to try to turn the lens around and see it through another person's eyes. you are out digging fox holes and dealing with private first class smith and he has problems at home or any issues. if you can't turn the lens and at least appreciate how he sees things and if you are across the table from the senior pakistani military and can't turn the lens and appreciate that they have a different trueview, you don't have to agree, but the willingness to turn it around and let it inform you, i think you have problems. if you do the basic things, there a lot of other skills that you learn. effective speaking and posture and all those things.
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the core fundamental value-like traits are the key. >> lpleasure to have you on. >> thank you so much. >> up next, helen miran. she is a dame. played queens. what about a presidential contender. is the oval office in miran's future? or hillary clinton's? what she thinks, when we come back. vo: today's the day.
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played everything from a queen to an agent and won everything from an oscar to a tony to an emmy. the one thing she never played is a bond girl. is she bitter? not dame helen. >> you said we all sat and watch as james bond is more and more geriatric. >> there was a case for a while. i mean it was like embarrassing. ridiculous. >> is it a big problem that men get cast for roles well into their 60s and 70s and for women it's more of a struggle? >> it is more of a struggle. even shakespeare did. as you get older, even the shakespeare roles. doing like i did to prosper. a lot of women are in it.
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why not? it's changing. don't worry about roles in drama. really spend your energies on changing roles in real life. as night follows day, as the roles go in real life changed, they will change in drama. i really hope that we are going to see a female president in the next -- when are the elections? >> 2016. >> oh, next year. i hope we see a female president. that would be fantastic. that would make a huge difference to the understanding of what women can be. >> do you think you can pull off the accent for hillary?
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>> she would be a wonderful person to play somewhere down the line. somewhere will do a story. she had an extraordinary and brilliance, brilliance at handling her world and what unbelievable challenges she's had over the years. >> if you were to compare the two, the queen and hillary, what is the defining character of hillary clinton that you, as somebody playing her, imagining you playing her, what would you be trying to capture? >> that's a very interesting question. i mean, the enormous intelligence i think is very, very fast moving. and i think the incredible tenacity. the queen -- elizabeth windsor i call her, hers is just, put my
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head down, just do what i'm supposed to do, i do just as well as i can and i don't argue and i don't complain and i just do it. hillary's much more -- she's a li lioness and elizabeth windsor is not, you know. i don't know what animal she is. i'll have to think about that one. >> and i take it, if you had a vote in the united states, you'd vote for hillary? >> i wouldn't say that i would necessarily do that i don't know. i'd have to really see what the whole picture is. but i'm just saying, in terms of roles for women in drama, it would be good for that to have
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hillary as a president, i think. >> helen mirren, a pleasure to have you on. >> thank you. thank you very much. next on "gps," you've heard of cecil the lion. but do you know of sudan the rhino? he's the last remaining male of his kind. keeping him safe from poachers an around-the-clock task. i'll tell you about it when we come back. you worry. you do whatever it takes to take care of your family. and when it's time to plan for your family's future, we're here for you. we're legalzoom, and for over 10 years we've helped families just like yours with wills and living trusts. so when you're ready, start with us. doing the right thing has never been easier. legalzoom. legal help is here. if you struggle you're certainly not alone. fortunately, many have found a different kind of medicine that lowers blood sugar.
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this week marks the ten-year anniversary of hurricane katrina. >> we want help! >> i can still remember the sheer scale of devastation and
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the haunting sight of people waiting for help on rooftops in new orleans. hurricane katrina left over 1,800 people dead. it remains the most expensive natural disaster in u.s. history with estimates of nearly $150 billion in damages. it brings me to my question, what was the most expensive natural disaster in the world? a, 1998 yangtze river floods, b, 2004 indian ocean tsunami, c, 205 hurricane katrina, d, 2011 earthquake and tsunami in japan? this week's book is "the arabs." i'm often asked what is the single best introduction into the arab world. i can't had a good answer until i read this book. the author does a superb job of
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describing the past. and now for "the last look." the queens guard defends her majesty. the swiss guard safeguards the pope. who would have thought that a rhino would need protection? meet sudan. he's under 24-hour protection by rangers, armed guards and an electric fence in a kenyan. this is especially tragic considering rhiya rhinos had be the earth for the last $50 million years. it's a stark reminder of yet another way human beings threaten the planet. thanks to us, sudan's cousins, the western's black rhino have
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already vanished. saving these animals from extinction isn't about cute animals or tree hugging. it's considered crucial to health from medical implications to providing food and air and water purification. the list goes on and the world wildlife fund says half of the world's wildlife has been lost in the past 40 years. the conser they played a cricket match to raise awareness posing for pictures and they have a new campaign to raise money in the hopes that sudan won't always be the last male standing. go to cnn.com/fareed for information on how you can help make a rhino. the correct answer to this week's question is "d." the 2011 earthquake and tsunami
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in japan is the largest world disaster. the cost is estimated to be $235 billion. thanks to all of you for being part of my program this week. i will see you next week. happening right now in the "newsroom," alison parker's mother and father share memories about their daughter and talk about their new mission, changing gun control laws in our country. >> it's the only thing that's given me strength right now, to go to -- to take on this cause because, you know, i know that somewhere she'd be looking at us and saying, you go, dad. this is what she would want me to do. plus, a terrifying fall. a fan plunges to his death from an upper deck during