have the stakes been so high. the french president on the 150 world leaders here trying to hammer out a last ditch climate deal. under a state of emergency which has been in place since the terror attacks, and from the depths of the sea from the tops of the mountains, david attenbruk on saving it all for generations to come. >> it's almost the last chance and the longer it goes on, the more it's delayed, the more unlike lie the solution. we have to get one this time.

we have to. >> good evening, everyone. welcome to the program. i'm christian amanpour live in paris tonight. half a world away, an urgent reminder of a polluted planet. smog is choking the chinese capital and beijing residents have been advised to not go outside. as some 150 some world leaders converge on paris to tackle climate change. the french president linked the two saying we owe our children a planet protected from

catastrophes. president barack obama acknowledged the world's most powerful economy and second worst polluter is partially to blame for rising temperatures and he said this conference is a turning point. >> this is the moment we finally determined we would save our planet. is the fact that our nation's share a sense of urgency about this challenge, and a growing realization that it is within our power to do something about it. >> now, the cop 21 talks are taking place under unprecedented security. earlier today i asked the french defense minister about that and about whether they are actually on track to achieve their stated goal of defeating isis. >> minister, welcome to the program. can i ask you, the events of the last two weeks were so tragic. many people were surprised, but

then there were many who said they were not surprised, that it was only a matter of time before this kind of terrorism happened on the streets of paris. what is your reaction? were you surprised? >> translator: it is, first of all, a reaction of disgust, of great sadness and horror faced with these attacks. several attacks took place on the same night. we had known for a long time isis saw france as an enemy. it's horror but also a wish, because daesh is a two-faced monster. on the one hand it's a territory that wants to become an authoritarian, a terrorist state. and at the same time it is an international force with foreign fighters whose objectives is to sew terror in europe, everywhere, not only in europe

because they struck egypt, russia, turkey, france, they wish to strike belgium. >> are you confident that france, paris, is well secured against any repeat attack, particularly with all these heads of states here? >> translator: we have reinforced our means of internal protection both with the police and other forces but also with the significant contribution of the armed forces to the security of our country. we developed an operation called the century operation with 2,000 soldiers in paris during cop 21. there is a will to ensure our own security together. >> the president has said that syria is the biggest terrorist factory in the world right now, and he's said we have to destroy

daesh. we will destroy daesh. how will you destroy daesh? i want your road map to destroying this group militarily. >> translator:. yes, we are going to destroy daesh. it's our enemy. it's not only france. it's about the whole world. this is very serious. everyone needs everyone. so in order to destroy daesh, we need to dense if i the strikes. first of all, let the command places and logistics, training places where they are, and france is going to intensity strikes within the coalition because the main enemy, the enemy of all these actors is daesh. >> france, america, britain, they've all said no ground troops. nobody believes daesh can be beaten without ground troops. who are going to be your ground troops?

you said there may be 70,000 free syrian armies. others say only 700. >> translator: the bombings will not be enough. we need action on the ground in order to take back this ground. this can only be with local forces whether it be iraqi forces who are working, the kurdish forces in syria, the free syrian army to take back daesh. >> you think they're up to? >> translator: i think they can do it as long as they're supported. but the strikes are accompanying their action. >> a lot of reporting right now that the iraqi leadership of daesh is moving under the bombardments from iraq, syria. they are becoming the base for the daesh leadership. they keep moving around.

how will you get them in the end. first of all, are you worried about libya as a base for daesh? >> translator: we need to be vigilant about what's happening in libya. daesh, if it's settled there, will find allies because the libyans are not finding agreements among themselves about the constitution of a national government, but i do notice there is progress that's taken place, and on both sides for the majority there's a will to succeed. initiatives are being taken by new representatives of the united states, and the libyans must understand about support for different groups. there must be a government of national unity. this cannot be solved militarily. again, that's the only way to fight daesh. >> that's for a long time in the

future. do you believe you'll have to bomb sert? >> translator: it can happen quicker than one might think following the attacks. not only france but in egypt and others where they're aware, and so this is their will for unity, and to e rat kate daesh. >> and finally, there's some confusion about what syrian troops could join the fight against daesh. your foreign minister suggested at some point even the regime soldiers could fight. what is france's position on asaad's forces in the fight against daesh? >> translator: france's position has not changed. they said clearly when the regular syrian forces are under the responsibility, under the authority of asaad, it is not possible for them to participate in the fight against daesh. on the other hand, if there is a political transition, that can

change. but today, asaad's forces are not fighting daesh. they're fighting their own people, and we need to provide for the regular syrian forces only when we have a political transition. >> thank you very much. now, because of the state of emergency here, there is a ban on protests. 4 00,000 people were expected to march for the planet. instead, many made their they left their footprints, these 22,000 pair of shoes, including those sent by pope francis and a u.n. secretary general. next, the face and the voice of our planet, sir david attenbruk. he says if we can put a man on the moon, we can find cheaper energy. my interview with the world's

most famous naturalist. >> his presence here, along with all the other brief residents is only made possible thanks to the great coral builders. >> doesn't look very upset, does he? you know, meeting the residents and i had a gentleman stop me and ask me if i made his dinner. he had lost his wife recently, but i didn't know that. he made a remark to me about not sure he wanted to be there anymore,

but he said something to me that has stuck with me to this day. after having your dinner, i think i want to stick around a while and that really meant something to me. i never had an experience like that and it just let me know that what i'm doing is much more important than just food. and i didn't get here alone. there were people who listened along the way. people who gave me options. kept me on track. and through it all, my retirement never got left behind. so today, i'm prepared for anything we may want tomorrow to be. every someday needs a plan. let's talk about your old 401(k) today. some of these experimentse're notmay not work.il. but a few might shape the future. like turning algae into biofuel... ...new technology for capturing co2 emissions...

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as grocery store or thes get back to the knitty gritty, one man knows what's at stake. he's covered some of our most endangered species for almost 60 years, and the broadcasting legend has come face to face with the many curious inhabitants. >> he starts to squeak, and we're able to have a little chat. [ making animal noises ] . >> while exploring the natural world, he's seen unnatural disaster infold before him in

realtime. now he's spearheading a clean energy effort called the global apollo program. moon landing and giant leads, you get the picture as i did when we sat down earlier today to discuss the future of our planets. >> sir david attenborough, welcome to the program. >> thank you. >> you are associated with our planet. do you believe our planet is in good hands, safe hands? do you think the summit is going to save us? >> well, it's almost the last chance. and the longer it goes on, the measure it's delayed, the more unlikely it is of getting a solution. we really have to get one this time. we really have to, and i sense a realization among people worldwide and politicians worldwide that this is real. this is it. something has to be done. >> and what is the it as you identify it? we've heard last chance summits, even in copenhagen.

how everyone is much more serious about it. what is it? what, in your view, would be a success at the end of this summit? >> we have to reduce the carbon emissions, and there is one simple way of doing that which is under debate at the moment, which is that if the developed nations of the world with snift research budgets could get together and solve the problems of gathering, transmitting and storing energy directly from the sun or tides, and to do that at a price which is cheaper than using -- getting it from oil or coal. then the problem will be solved. one small part of the energy of the sun that goes onto this energy each day, if we could tap that, we could provide everything for the whole of humanity. >> why hasn't that happened? >> why hasn't that happened?

we didn't have the technology. that's not minimized. it's not easy, but it can be done. and if your nation -- if the american nation can put a man on the moon in ten years, surely the scientists of the world working to coordinate to see where the problems are should be able to solve those within ten years. >> you sat down with president obama who wanted to interview you, he must have told you why he can't do it. even at this summit, the united states got a concession from france that whatever is agreed on here won't be legally binding. >> i got the impression is he understood what the problem was and genuinely needed -- thought he could find the solution. and he has to steer that through the complexities of american politics, as well as national politics. it's not easy, and after all,

never in the history of humanity have all the world come together and agreed on a solution. never. why should we suppose it was going to be easy? it's not easy. a lot of people have different interests but it can be done. as we see the dangers of not doing us, the pressures on doing it are increasing. >> you, yourself described yourself a long time ago as a skeptic on climate change and mankind's role in climate change. tell me a little bit about your evolution. >> well, if you do it with the regularity i do, you have a hugely privileged position. you don't want to start talking about things that you aren't sure are true, and i had private concerns about what was happening with the rising of the temperature a long time before i was confident enough to say so in public. i think that's a responsible thing to do, but for the past ten years, there's been no

question as to how the humanity has been responsible for this rise in temperature. >> what would you say to whoever, mostly in the united states because around the rest of the world people understand the science and accept the science, but there's still a small hand full of deniers in the u.s. whose voice seems to overpower. >> you have to look at it and say why would you deny what seems obvious to everybody else, and in those instances, there must be good reasons why they deny, and of course, there are. it's much easier to deny it than it is to accept it. particularly for some people who it might cost them a lot of money to receive it rather than to deny it, and life is more difficult if you accept that this is your fault because you then got to do something about it. >> you've been going around the world for the last 60 years showing us our planet. the animals, seas, skies,

mountains, you've been everywhere. you've just gone down in a submersible, down, i think 100 meters. >> 1,000 feet. >> was it scary? >> no. a dawdle, as we say. you know, i have swum, and i've been in submersibles before. if you're an underwater swimmer, you worry about how much air and breathing and the pressure and expanding my lungs all that. but in the submersible, this one, the temperature and the pressure is exactly the same as it is outside because you're sealed in this bubble, and you have a rebreathing system, and you have enough air to last you for days, if necessary, if something goes wrong. you sit there. you have a seat belt on. you sit there with a bar of chocolate, and say look at that fantastic fish. >> one last question. do you have a favorite animal?

>> human babies. >> that's great. >> thank you so much. really appreciate it. >> okay. >> so this next bit isn't our impact on our planet, but the planet's awesome ability to impact us. these new images show indonesia's ghost villages. towns abandoned when the dormant volcano began erupting causing local populations to leave. there is also rebirth there as the flora has erupted all over the land that surrounds the volcano. next we imagine saving the world with innovator extraordinary, bill gates. that's after this. ♪ while you're watching this, i'm hacking your company. grabbing your data.

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a world that can step back from the brink of disaster. earlier today i spoke with down of our most important invo va or thes. bill gates. he's doubling down on his investments and tells me he's convinced the world's brightest and biggest brains can solve the problem of cleaner and cheaper energy. >> well, i see the price of energy, actually, being lower than today, and that's for clean, reliable energy, and i see huge benefits to everyone, particularly the poor. when i meet with scientists will wild ideas, each of which is risky, i see a portfolio that virtually guaranteed we'll have

the break throughs. >> while we humans try to come up with a solution, we'll let our planet's least dangerous inhabitants have the last word, courtesy of national geographic. >> and that is it for our program tonight. we leave you now with this lovely shot from paris. the christmas ferris wheel. remember, you can always see our show online, on a pod cast, and you can always follow me on twitter and facebook. thank you for watching and good-bye from paris. covergirl is the easy way to

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hello and welcome back to our viewers from all around the world, and hello to our viewers just joining us from the united states. i'm rosemary church. i want to update you on the stories this hour. indonesian officials say that both technical failures and pilot errors were responsible for the deadly crash of an air asia jet last december. a pilot responded incorrectly to mall fucfunctions resulting in crash. zplnch the leader of 150