this is gps, the global public square. welcome to you around the united states and around the world coming to you from switzerland. we have great show for you this week. two big interviews. i will talk to ashe carter on the fight against isis, the iranian nuclear deal and troubles in afghanistan and we talk to the biggest opponent of the iranian nuclear deal, israel's prime minister,

benjamin netanyahu. what's his reaction to the deals implementation. >> i hope that i'll be proved wrong. >> is there any hope of middle east peace while he's still in office? >> you have to sit down and negotiate. we're willing to do it. they're not. >> also, are pounds a part of the past. imagining a cashless future. it's already happening in one major european country. we'll take you there. finally, scientists say we are in new age. we'll tell you what that means. they turned to trump.

the republican primary contest has gotten everyone's attention. many are worried. one european ceo said we're moving into a very difficult world. we need grown ups in charge. there's more anxiety in the air than at any time since 2009. the worry is reflected in the world's stock market which have collectively lost trillions since the start of the year. people still believe that the worst will not come to pass. china will not crash. america will not fall into a recession. europe will not come apart. the conventional wisdom has been wrong on many issues. the former deputy treasury secretary pointed out to me that few experts predicted that oil prices would collapse or growth

would slump in china and crater in brazil, south africa and many of the emerging markets. no one saw as america achieved full employment wages would not rise, inflation would stay stubbornly mute and interest rated would remain low. no one predicted the rise of isis or ability to inspire terror attacks in countries far outside the middle east. now interacting with each other could move faster and further down than people realize. as the stock market fall, businesses and consumers get worried and pull back spending less, saving more. it could produce a spiral and technological information is not

what people once thought. i don't know y all this goes. in peerpds like it, open systems like america's will do better than closed ones. the u.s. often looks like a dysfunctional country because all its problems are on display and debated daily. it's out there, open for constant criticism. this means that people have information and forces the country to look at its problem, grapple with them and react. while it's a messy, sometimes ugly process, the american system takes in a lot of diverse, contradictory information. it's highly adaptive. closed systems often look much better. a country like china has been the envy of the world when it

was growing. no one is quite sure what went wrong or who's to blame. a black box produces all when things go well. when things don't go smoothly, that same o opacity causes anxiety tonight. these days a lock at american politics is showcasing turmoil, rage and rebellion. ultimately, that's a strength in these fast changing times. people are angry. the economy, society and country are being transformed. the fact that politics reflects these changes is a strength, not weakness. it allows the nation to absorb, react, adapt and move on, at least that's what i tell foreigners and myself with fingers firmly crossed as i watch the craziness on the

campaign trail. for more go to cnn.com/fareed. let's get started. >> a lot of americans wonder, the islamic state isis is about 30,000 likely armed people, likely armed compared to the u.s. military. why is it so hard to defeat them? >> i think we will defeat them. we need to defeat them quickly. we need to defeat them there first. i'll come back to that in a minute.

speaking in geographic terms that means especially and this is what the operations plan we have formulated and carrying out, if you think about world war ii documentaries and arrows on maps, one big arrow going toward mosul and another big going toward raqqah in syria. >> mosul being the second largest city in iraq and raqqah being the capital. >> in other words to debunk and demolish the myth there can be an islamic state is necessary to take the to cities back. i'm confident we'll do so. we offer the capabilities of the

finest fighting force the world has ever known. we don't ask favors strategically. we are asking all the countries that have signed up for the counter isil coalition to put forward their capabilities. when they see this operations plan, they'll see the capabilities it requires. it's not just airplanes and troops and special forces. it's things like police and police training, sustainment. >> do you want major arab troops involved in this campaign. so far you have almost none. >> there is one of the great ironies is the countries of the region have made the least contributions to the counter isil coalition, including the

gulf countries. if we show them what they can accomplish, that they will do more. if they are better suited culturally and historically to deal with some of these complicated situations than we are. remember, our overall strategic approach is to defeat isil in lasting manner. i emphasize the word lasting because after they had been defeated, somebody needs to keep them defeated. that fuels the whole narrative it's a foreign occupation. we've had that experience before.

up now, they haven't done enough. we want them to do more. >> how will you press them. what will you say to these countries that will convince when so far they haven't been convinced. >> we're going to be the winning side. when they see plan to win, i'm hoping that will itself to see where they can make a special contribution. we expect our friends, we stand with our friends. we stood with them through many difficult situations. we expect our friends and allies to stand with us. we're prepared to lead, but we do expect them to.

>> you said you want to accelerate the fight against isil and talked about ground troops. do you believe there need to be more american ground troops whether it's special forces or in other ways -- >> we're looking for opportunities to do more. we're not looking to substitute for local forces in terms of governing the place and policing the place. we are looking for opportunities to do more. that's why we put some special forces in syria. we don't acknowledge. they are tremendous force multipliers. they are the ones who locate the forces who want to combat isil. they're the ones who connect them to the great might of our military. boots on the ground, we have 3500 boots on the ground. i just went to fort campbell last week. storied american airborne division.

they will be the next unit going in to iraq, a whole division. i was describing to them what i've described to you. this is your mission which is to get the iraqi's position. is that boots on the ground? yeah. it's just that the strategic concept is not to substitute but to enable. is it dangerous? does it involve being on the ground? absolutely. when we send these people off, i think the american public needs to understand this is serious business. at the same time it's business we have to do and we can do and we're going to succeed. >> we're going to come back with more of my conversation with secretary of defense, ashton carter. i'll ask american troops will spend another decade in afghanistan. sfrz the microsoft cloud allows us to

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. we are back with secretary of defense ashton carter. when we look at afghanistan, what's striking is u.s. forces have started to draw down. the taliban has gained some strength and been able to make some impressive headway even in places where they didn't seem that strong. what does that tell us that 14 years after we went in, the taliban is still very strong. >> one reason for that is that the afghan security forces are still getting off the ground. remember there were no afghan forces to speak of at all. we had to build them from scratch, including taking young people who didn't know how to count and didn't know the letters of the alphabet.

that's the world of afghanistan that was left by previous taliban rule and turn them into an armed force. one of the reasons president obama decided to keep 9800 troops in afghanistan through this year is to help them get consolidate the afghan security forces. they're going to have a tough season ahead with the taliban, but the afghan security forces are going to be much stronger this season because they are further along. >> you the imagine a lot of americans thinking will this ever end. >> it's winding down. we're having to do less than we did in past year. our plan is to stick with afghanistan for a long time. continuing to provide them with training and continuing to help

fund their military so it can be self-sustaining. we're on a glide slope to a situation where they are self-sufficient. they're not going to be self-sufficient for a while. we're not in a position anymore of having to substitute for afghan forces. we're in a position of having to assist afghan forces and we'll need to be in that position for some time. >> the new york times recently editorialized that you were essentially slow walking the president's desire to shut down guantana guantanamo. you were kind of sabotaging it. >> i don't see how where you get that. i said i think on balance it would be a good thing to close gitmo. i completely agree with president obama about that. there are people in gitmo who are so dangerous that we cannot

transfer them to the custody of another government no matter how much we trust that government. i can't assure the president it would be safe to do that. the reality is that theis portin of the gitmo population has to be incarcerated somewhere, has to be detained somewhere. if we're going to close gitmo, which i think would be a good thing to do on balance. i would prefer not to leave this to the next secretary and president. we need to find another place. >> in the united states? >> that would have to be in the united states. i've made a proposal for the president and he has indicated that he's going to submit that to the congress. why is that? it's against the law now to establish another detention facili facility. we have to get the support of congress. i hope they will support a

reasonable plan. we'll have to see. i've been saying the it's not a matter of one guy, let's be realistic about this. if you want to close gitmo, you have to find another place. do you think you can convince them they should not encrypt their data. >> i wouldn't try to convince them of that method because i don't believe that's necessarily the best technological method for doing something which reasonable people do think has to be done, which is not enable

terrorist organizations with the very internet whose whole purpose is to liberate people, unite people, be a tool of civilization, not a tool of evil. the people who represented this have given their lives to that vision of the internet. they don't want to be part of something evil either. defending our own networks, defending our own security, not just in the defense department where it's essential but also in our critical infrastructure in the country depends upon good network security.

innovators are people who have something in common. we want to be working on something that really matters. it's a competitive world out there. we compete with china, russia, terrorists. we have to win. we have to be completely up to date. >> pleasure to have you on. >> good to be with you. thanks. next, i'm going to tell you about a world without cash. not without money. you'll still need that but cash is actually disappearing in one important country. find out where when we come back.

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. now for our what in the world segment. can you imagine life without cash? i don't mean to take away your money but rather a world in which you bought everything using credit or debit cards, apps and smart phones. those dallas bills, pounds in your pocket might become relics of the past like vcrs, answering

machines and compact disks. what would it mean for our lives in cash disappeared all together. one country is giving us a preview after what a cashless society might look like. sweden was the first european country to issue paper money way back in the 1660s, but it could be the first to be virtually cash free by 2025 or even before according to one prediction. in 2015, 42% of the value of consumer transactions worldwide were made with cash. in sweden the rate was just 11%. in the last six years, swedish currency in circulation dropped by 25%. sweden's largest banks eager to rid themselves of the expense of holding hard money have led the charge. more than 500 bank branches went

cashless between 2010 and 2012. 900 cash machines were removed during that time too, the bank says. all of this is produced a change in the way they do business. instead of passing out a donation basket, churches now accept electronic offerings. homeless vendors selling newspapers take mobile payments. what might a completely cashless system mean? for one thing, convenience. never imagine having to take a trip to an atm machine again. there's also evidence this crime could go down with less cash and circulation. there's been a remarkable decrease in bank robberies from 110 heists in 2008 to just seven in 2015. it's all easier to prevent with a monetary system that leads a

trail for every transaction. a cashless society may also have its down side. segments of the population with less access to mobile homes may be excluded like the elderly and poor. crimes like bank heist may be less frequent. perhaps most concerning overall in a cash free society would be the potential for big brother to look over our shoulder thanks to the complete digital blueprint of our financial life that would exist. the basic trade off, greater access and efficiency in return for the loss of privacy has moved from the world of information in general to the world of cold cash. next, my interview with israel's prime minister. he has been the main opponent on

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there were many people who were quite pleased when the iran deal was finally implemented last weekend. for sure the negotiator, secretary kerry and his counterpart and their bosses, president obama and his counter part. there is at least one world leader who is is decidedly displeased, israel's prime

minister benjamin netanyahu. i interviewed him on thursday. >> mr. prime minister, the international atomic energy agency now says that iran has destroyed 98% of its enriched uranium and the plutonium pathway has been rendered inoperable. it's done more than most people imagine. the setback and the centrifuges to enrich uranium that the set backs are much more substantial than most military experts believed would have been possible by air strikes, by military strikes. shouldn't you be happy and celebrating this? >> well, we always wanted there result but we wanted something else. we wanted to make sure that iran doesn't reconstitute a much

larger capability to enrich uranium with 200,000 centrifuges which they will be free to do after 15 years. the issue is never what happens now. the issue is how to prevent later. >> you were suspicious and said they would not abide by it. you were skeptical they would make these changes they have made to iraq, which is the facility you wanted the bunker boss to have busted their bombs for. >> i always said that you could achieve through economic sanctions and the threat of military force. results that would set back iran's program. that has been -- that's the first part that i think is

important. the concern that i have and everyone is after a period of time, iran could resume on a much larger scale the military program because there's no connection to the lifting of sanctions or the lifting of restrictions on iran's nuclear program to the behavior. it can continue to send its terrorists and covert armies and overt armies throughout the middle east and would have the freedom to enrich as much uranium as it wants. that was the source of our differs. i hope that i'll be proved wrong. i hope that iran will be seen to be a moderate country, moderating it stopping its external aggression.

i'm not sure i'll be proven wrong. >> how can israel sit in judgment over iran, which does not. what is your response? >> i'm not going to talk about his allegation, but i will say this, israel doesn't seem to destroy anymore. in iran, still today, after the agreement, during the agreement, before the agreement, iranian leaders are talking about their goal to eradicate israel off the face of the earth. that's what they say. they give a billion dollars a year to hezbollah for the purpose of creating war front

and the ability to bomb israel cities with statistic. this was 100,000 and thousands of precision guided missiles. it's all iran. they support hamas to the tune of about 100 million a year. for the purpose of bombing us and iran and hamas are goal, like iran, is to wipe out the jewish states. that ought to raise some concern. there's no symmetry. >> in your struggle against iran, you have made some unlikely allies. there's a alliance between the major, what are called the model arab states with israel. is that an awkward situation to be in given that saudi arabia is

an islamic state? it practices many of the forms of islam that people regard as mideviel. not a lot of churches there, no synagogu synagogues. how comfortable are you with that alliance? >> i see the world as it is. i think saudi arabia recognizes today it needs path to reform. they see israel as an ally rather than enemy because of the two principal threats.

if you move to north africa to egypt, it comes first. there's always the second. they say who can help us in this battle that threatens our future. obviously, israel and the sunni arab states are not on opposite sides. that's natural. i met some of our european friends. i said i have one request that the eu policy shaped in brussels, not the individual european companies but the eu policy reflect the prevailing arab policy to israel and the palestinians. there's a great shift taking

place. the more i like at it, the more i think it may be the other way around. we're actually working towards that end. we'll be back in a moment with much more how the palestinian problem will ever end and what his legacy will be, when we come back.

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we're back now with more of my interview with benjamin netanyahu. what do you think is going on in syria and is there any path out? you and i have talked about this in the past and you have said they're all killing each other. we're staying out of it except when it affects our core interest. is it getting so messy, so bloody, that you'll have to be more involved? >> so far the only way we have been involved is to offer humanitarian hope.

i've set up a field hospital right about 50 yard from the syrian border. we have taken in thousands of children, women, men. if their photographs are published they can never go back to syria. they will be executed on the spot. the second is i've said, look, we will not allow syrian territory to be used against israel. if anybody tries to pass it, which is iran, tries to pass to hezbollah through syrian territory, game changing weapons and we see it, they try to set up a second war front.

we take action to prevent that. i wish it could happen, but i'm not sure you could put humpty dumpty back together again. we have two concerns. we don't want isis to win and we don't want iran to have a syrian dominion in which it can operate these two war fronts against us. those are our concerns. we take our actions accordingly. >> isn't there a problem which is isis and the assad regime which is supported by iran and

russia. you're hoping for a third outcome, a third force in way so are the arabs and the united states. is it viable? >> my rule is simple. when both your enemies are fighting each other, don't strengthen either one, weaken both. that's what we try to do. isis wants the caliphate here and now. that's the idea of isis. we'll redeem history, if you call it that. the individual fighters will be redeemed and go to this islamist paradise with all the trappings right away.

first we have to accomplish step by step our power. beth of them want to dominate the middle east from there well beyond. i think the first order of the day is to defeat isis. i think it's a doable thing. i think isis can be defeated. it's possible to knock out the oil which takes away half the revenues. it's possible to get at the nerve centers which is concentrated in two places that's in raqqah and mosul. it didn't require taking care of the syrian. we have the discussion with the united states and with others

about this task. >> they say choose your father carefully if you want to live long. your father lived 202. what do you want your legacy to be? there are many people who thought you might be the nixon who took the united states to china. the hard line conservative israeli politician who would make peace with the palestinians. do you still hope or did you ever hope that would be your legacy? >> yes. first of all, i'm not through yet. let's get that straight. my first responsibility is to

ensure the safety and security of the one and only jewish state. that's not an easy fete. if i look back 60, 70 years since the founding of israel, we had a few hundred thousands people. today we have eight million. we had a tiny gdp. it's much bigger today. it's grown by leaps and bounds. we have built an army that can defend ourselves. i want to ensure the future of the jewish state. that's a tall order.

my generation was charged with protecting and nurturing what was regained. i think we can also change the world. the things we're doing in israel are changing the world. they are changing it in medicine and communications. they're changing it in cyber. they're changing it in so many things that can benefit our neighbors and the rest of humanity. to do all that i have to make sure that the future of the jewish state is safe and sound. that's my one goal. i would like to be remembered as the protector of israel. that's enough for me. protector of israel. >> mr. prime minister, pleasure

to have you on. >> thank you. next on gps, houses of worship come in all shapes and sizes. this one is a size 880. i'll explain. h and energy to stay healthy. who's with me?! yay! the complete balanced nutrition of great tasting ensure. with 9 grams of protein and 26 vitamins and minerals. ensure. take life in! i am totally blind. and sometimes i struggle to sleep at night, and stay awake during the day. this is called non-24. learn more by calling 844-824-2424. or visit your24info.com. ♪ he has a sharp wit. a winning smile.

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this place was in the news for building an unusual church in the shape of a high heeled shoe and for electing its first female president this week. i don't think the two are related. where am i talking about? stay tuned and we'll tell you

the correct answer. this week's book of the week is ronald reagan, a new biography. this is one of the best studies of reagan and one of the best books on american politics that i've read in years. he asked three big questions about reagan and answers them with intelligence, insight and elegance. here's the big bonus. it will take you just a couple of hours to read this slender volume. now for the last week. we're not only in gnaw year, we're in brand new era of life on earth. a new epoc. is this news to you. we've been in it for decades. according to a new study, since the mid 20th century, we have been living in a new geological

epoch. this shift is pretty markable considering the former epoch started 11,700 years ago and the one before that, the pleistocene began about two million years ago. this idea is not new. by studying sediments and other manmade markers, there's now more of a consensus we are living in new times. they say humans have changed the planet. just look at concrete. in the last two decades we have manufactured more than half of the over 110 trillion pounds of

concrete ever produced. consider the abundant plastic particles that end up in rivers and lakes across the globe. eight million tons of plastic currently leak into the ocean's every year. that's the equivalent of et emptying a garbage truck into the ocean. remarkable. the world economic forum said this year the greatest global risk is the failure of climate change mitigation. the correct answer to the chance is d. taiwan elected its first female president this week. won with more than 56% of the vote. after more than six decades in power, the kmt party lost their majority this week. if you're still wondering about

that shoe church, it's real. it will he next month. cnn estimates it's a size 880. i'll see you next week. good morning. it's time for our look at reliable sources. ahead this hour, the donald trump meagan kellie rematch. is trump suggesting me might skip this debate. the anger trump personafies. was the media late to recognize the biggest voter phenomenon. i'll talk with his editor and find out how he is spending his first days as a free man.