x1 makes it easy to find what you love. call or go online and switch to x1. only with xfinity. this is gps. the global public square. welcome to all of you around the united states and around the world. i'm fareed zakaria coming to you live from new york. we'll start with the brussels terror attacks. do they showcase the strength of isis? or the weakness of europe. and what is the way to prevent the next bombing?

and others up and down in the 2016 races. we are going to take a longer view. much longer view. many in the west including two of the presidential front runners, donald trump and ted cruz urges a campaign searching for those who might be prone to religious extremism and thus terrorism. but the resent bombings in europe are being perpetrated by a new generation of terrorist

who are offending our previous understanding of what motivates such people and how to find themselves. to put it simply, today's terrorist are not religious extremist who became radicalist but radicals who became religious extremist. the difference is crucial. look at the two brothers who planned and executed the brussels bombings. born into a working class immigrant family, they were not killing religious and early on chose to life. as the new york times reported, by the mid-20s, the two had participated in car jackings and armed robberies. they were sentenced to nine years in prison for attempted murder. his brother five years for armed robbery. then it seems in prison or after the battle began. the story is striking similar to those of many of the other

terrorist in belgium or france. the paris attacks said he used drugs. in 2014 the new statesman reported on two british juhadis who before leaving birmingham for syria bought copies of islam and koran writing about young french juhadis. the islamic state is the ultimate gang celebrating

violence for its own sake. these young men and some women are usually second generation europeans. in fact, he points out often they're revolting against their more traditional parents. they're unsure of their identity rooted in neither the old country nor the new. they face discrimination and in this context nthey choose a lif of rebellion and crime and ultimate adventure. why are these findings so important? they see the picture of a new kind of terrorist. one less drawn in through religion but rather who has chosen the path of terror as the ultimate against modern work and then finds an ideology that can justify his desires. radical islam does provide that off the shelf ideology using the internet and social media. it's the end point in the chain,

not the start. this still means muslims have to battle and eradicate in the radical islam. it does suggest for western law enforcement mosque and controlling the centers and even fighting fundamentalist muslims might be focussing attention in the wrong direction if the goal is to find terrorist. for more, go to cnn.com/fa reek and read my washington post column this week. let's get started. lessons learned from the brussels bombings.

he's previously held as an fbi. he is a cnn counter. let me start with you. you said the interesting thing about the brussels attacks you had isis going from inspiring terrorism to enabling it. in some cases the n.y.p.d. caught and now it appears in brussels to actually directing it. do you have a sense you're going to see more of this kind of isis directed terrorism sending out actual teams from syria?

>> i have no doubt we're going to see more directive operations through western europe. if you get a sense of the net worth there and come out from mr. abud that ran the paris attacks earlier this year, you see a sprawling network there and that's what you can see. there must be parts unseen. i think we're going to see that continue. the challenge is going to be as we're already seeing the attacks that are inspired here san bernardino, enabled here, we have the advantage of it. it would be harder to have directed attacks here because those people have to make it over. >> phil, one of the things i'm struck by is people look at what has happened in paris and belgium and they get very worried about the strength of isis but i wonder does it really show you the weakness of europe. that is brussels had six police

departments not communicating. european governments guard sovereignty. the adversary has the numbers i didn't witness. we might have three, five, eight major cases going at once. 5,000 going in europe. that's a remarkable problem. that said, the europeans themselves hasn't had a problem they can't overcome. if you want to combat this kind of threat that involves tactical shares of information about your citizen, real time e-mail, phone, travel and the first question can't be can i share information on my citizen with the neighboring state. it has to be soon as my target moves i've got to hand it over. the second thing, they don't do that. there's a simple reason why. if a citizen hasn't done

anything wrong you're impeding his rights by saying hey, this guy might be dirty, we're not sure. the other problem is a bureaucratic reality. until you sit together, it doesn't work. you have got to sit in the same place the feel the same reality of the threat. that combination -- >> we wrote a piece last november which has turned out to be incredibly fresh. you said isis is losing ground in territory and resources and therefore will see an uptake of terrorism in europe. what's your prediction? >> we have almost 200 groups that control the rounds. they do in in iraq and syria. we see when groups like that that control ground use their security resources to control the territory that they have.

as they start to lose that ground they will often use those resources elsewhere. they'll lash out at governments that are evolved in conducting attacks in them. we've seen it with sa mall i can't. it's the violence levels that have gone up 300% in the last two years.

>> it's a three tiered approach if you break it down. if you look at the plots planned here last june, what you saw was good intelligence operation and foreign partners overseas, the n.y.p.d. we're able to identify the small network and map it out and gather surveillance. you cannot have a situation where they take over three buildings and hold them for days. you need a police department that has effective tactics and to put that down while the

killing is just beginning. >> and you beefed that up to deal with multiple attacks. attacks in multiple places in the city. >> we went to paris, we went to sydney, we studied the attacks in detail and asked the authorities to teach us what they learned and took their lessons and put them into effect here. we went from having 500 people trained in special weapons and tactics to 1800 in the course of those months with the support of the commissioner and the mayor we were able to hire 1,400 more police officers and 500 of those went to the counter terrorism effort. >> fascinating stuff. we'll be right back with more about all this. we're going to talk about trump, cruz and the politics of terror when we come back. there are two billion people who don't have access to basic banking, but that is changing.

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we are back with john miller. the most resent poll tiitics of is donald trump who said we don't need nato. i don't understand why people care if it were to crumble. you've spent a lot of time in afghanistan. people forget what's going on in afghanistan is not an american struggle but a nato mission. >> sure. it's a nato mission and when it comes to targeting terrorist in afghanistan and actually neighboring pakistan as well it's required sharing of intelligence across nato countries, not just the british,

australians and canada and the u.s. but a wider swath. also, help in targeting. we've had european airplanes target taliban, al qaeda and more recently islamic state terrorist in afghanistan. so u.s. simply does not have the resources to do it on its own and this is where countries with some capables to do it and with intelligence to share becomes absolutely crucial. we've seen it in other theaters including libya as well. nato has been very helpful for the u.s. >> john, you spoke out when ted cruz made his proposal to patrol and secure saying don't ask police to do things like this. did you get any push back on that? >> not a single bit, fareed. even the construct of what he

was saying which is the federal government should authorize local police departments to patrol and secure muslim neighborhoods against radicalization, first of all, the depth of that is less than an inch. it wouldn't work. second of all, it shows a fundamental of misunderstanding. also american policing. >> he pointed to the n.y.p.d. mission that was described as eves dropping on communities and mosques being the one he meant.

what do you think of that program? >> so, that program is not what it was described to be. the demographics unit which according to many people who have miss read it was the entire intelligence program of the n.y.p.d. started as 14 people. by the time i got to the n.y.p.d., it had dwindled down to two which is something we did in the fbi which was to map the demographics of the domain. it was to understand what our neighborhoods were if you had a tip that came in on a friday saying three suicide bombers from pick a country. arrived last week and going to bomb the square. you wouldn't look for the neighborhood where they blend in, you would want to pull it out and say let's understand where we begin to look. that's what that unit did. its job was mostly done because of the adverse publicity. it was basically radio active. the n.y.p.d. radio intelligence

burrow is made up of more than 700 people. transferring those two detectives did not break the model and the fact that ted cruz and the sound bite makerings don't understand that is not surprising. >> so we just got a minute but i want to ask you, you've talked before about how we shouldn't over react on the basis of fear. i look at trump and cruz's proposals as not real proposals. does that have a real consequencive policy? do you worry there's another big attack? >> sure. the responsibility of politicians when you're in an intelligence service is not only to lead the service but telling the country how to respond. i think politicians in this environment have the responsibility to cool it off. we do not have a significant terror problem in the united states.

the facts don't show that. >> stay with us. when we come back we'll take you inside the mind of american juhadis. these gentleman have spent time listening to those tapes and they will tell you when we come back. of the nfl, and i want to remind you that no one's the same without the game. take @youwishcommish8 for instance. he writes, "as commissioner of my fantasy league, i'm thinking about moving the draft up... to next week. too early?" commish, the season is a ways out. months in fact. no rosters are set, the draft hasn't even happened yet, and not a single free agent has been signed. so, it is too early? ...yes it is. dial it back, commish... way back. wrely on the us postal service? because when they ship with us, their business becomes our business. that's why we make more e-commerce deliveries to homes than anyone else in the country.

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we are back with phil miller and seth jones. when you were at the fbi you terrorized the investigation of a group of american juhadis. >> it was the only time i saw comparison in america between what we have here and brussels paris and birmingham, for example, that is an expatriot community. they come over and live in a closed society. not a great economic opportunity and a lot of cases a single

mother home and a lot of those kids saw what was happening back home and got radicalized. i think that hurt us and the community. >> john, when you look, again, you've reviewed all these tapes of these radicalized juhadis. what stands out as, people look at the san bernardino shooting and said what made this happen? when you ask that of any shooter this is a random element. this is somewhat deranged. is there a pattern in. >> you know, with the inspired, the people just watching the isil, videos on the internet what we see is a lot of loaners, losers and a lot of people whose life isn't going anywhere. the ones who are communicating directly with isis. we see a notch up. people in search of choices and

adventure as phil will tell you sometimes and better educated. and then the directed it's a mix. >> you said to me once it reminded you of gangs people would join for the thrill of adventure. there was a sense of my life has no purpose. >> that's right. i think people confuse what's happening now with religious extremism. i think of it more as a cult. a closed environment of young people who are impressionable. >> valuer, we'll be brave,

you'll be a hero. you'll be something bigger than yourself, empowerment. what you'll do will matter. >> i think belonging to a terrorist group means in many of these places is blojing to an organization that makes you feel like you're doing something wild. i think it's individuals that feel like they belong to an organization. they feel it in this life and the next life. i think we see similar trends across europe and across the

glob >> thank you, gentleman. next is the 2016 presidential campaign. it might seem unprecedented. in some ways it feels like we've been here before. i have a great panel of historians and writers to talk about the 2016 presidential race. (patrick 1) how about done? (patrick 2) that's the kind of control i like... ...and that's what they give me at national car rental. i can choose any car in the aisle i want- without having to ask anyone. who better to be the boss of you... (patrick 1)than me. i mean, you...us. (vo) go national. go like a pro.

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turn on any news talk show and the topic is the presidential race. i want to step away from the talk of whose up and down and who won or lost. instead, we're going to put this election season so far east in its place in the historical phantom. to talk about the historical precedence or the lack there of. the anger, the success of the political outsiders, the nationalism, the attack on foreigners. i've asked my favorite writers and historians to give us historical lenses through which to view this election. daiftd is the editor of the new

yorker. e.j. is a columnist for the washington post. jeffrey is a historian and author. they're all authors and we'll tell you about their great books at the bottom of the screen because we'll take too long otherwise. david, every president in a sense, in some sense sews the seeds of the campaign to replace. when you look back at history, how do you think obama would write a biography? >> there are a lot of issues that have transpired over the last eight years. the theme of the book wasn't so much a biography, it was about race and obama and here we are eight years later and i think the sources of what you could call obama derangement are

largely about race. look at how donald trump, it's like a drinking game. i get my first drink for ment n mentioning trump first. what has propelled his political career? he's been around new york's ego scape for decades. as a semicomical figure. in an economic sense, what propelled him to the floor is his support of the birther medium. that's it. his challenging legitimacy by challenging the notion of where he's born knowing full well it was nonsense. >> jeffrey, you're a republican, a moderate republican. you've always been for the moderate republicans. do you buy that obama's race is at the center of the reaction you're seeing in the republican party? >> i think it has something to do with it. i wouldn't say it's the primary driver. i would say what's driving trump is an eruption of populist

sentiment and what's going on right now are the difficult that a large class is experiencing. if you look at the wages for blue collar workers have been flat in real terms since 1970 where as they doubled between 1940 and 1970. these are difficult times. people are looking for answers and they're angry and donald trump is an expression. >> he finds every time i say something people say there goes another economically an, voter. >> which do you think it is? >> or they say i'm not a racist. >> do you think this is another out broke of racism? there is something to the economic argument. >> there is but there's a whole lot more.

i'm struck by how difficult it's been for moderate republicans and conservatives to see what's in their eyes and that is this outburst since obama became president. the first words out of their mouths is he's only going to be a one term president. this is our game. i would like to talk about possible parallels in terms of the campaign. one in 1948 where when truemman embraced civil rights all hell broke loose. the democrats ran their own campaign. they had a few electoral votes in the deep south. they did not win. truman got another term. it's clear that the response was against black civil rights.

>> what i got out of your book there's two revelations taking place in the republican party. the republican party has been promising to repeal the new deal for the great society for 50 years and never done it. there's an anger boiling up. >> it's a story of disappointment and betrayal. they've had the make the promises to win support from their base. trump is getting a little bit of that vote. the other piece is white working class skrovoters have been a pir republican coalition for a long

time. they have almost nothing to show for it. we can see elements of race and class in these developments at the same time. in trump, it's odd that a class war in the republican party is being led by a billionaire, at least a man who claims to be. that's what's happening because trump's support is disproportionately from this con stitch juan si. >> isn't it a switch in tone. you have a party that's been using the racial dog whistle since the southern strategy moment.

he talks about the state's rights. now you have a different kind of demagogue. he doesn't use the dog when he is l. >> we have got to take a break. we'll be right back. i asked david who has reported from russia for years is trump america's putin? (engine winding up) (pilot talking to tower on radio) once you get out here... there's just one direction...

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and we are back with david,

e.j. and jeffrey. >> let me ask, david, when you look at trump and you look at the world of europe, what are the echos? >> well, you know, someone once invented a phrase called liberal democracy and you have to take into account again, there's a complex of factors here. it's not just the political talent of trump and the timing or the self-betrayal of the republican party. there's also world wide trend here you begin to talk about that where you have a distrust of democratic norms, an anxiety about immigrants, the browning of the united states is not limited to the united states. this is going on throughout europe and happening because of middle east immigration into europe. so you've seen the rise of autocrats and zenophobes not

only in smaller countries like hunga hungary, for example, but in the power is russia which has become distinctly autocratic kind of culture war against gay men and women, the isolation of foreigners, people who are not purely russian. >> so i think you have to see it in a broader terms. you see it in france with the national front, with the u.k.i.p. in great britain. again, these are not perfect analogies and it's a mystery to me how self-aware historically self-aware somebody like donald trump is. but the other factor is pure dem goj rancic talent. ted cruz is not going to win to me because he lacks the talent of attraction. people can't stand him. the votes he's getting are people that are fearful of

trump. >> what the fascinating thing about trump and this is the last thing i think he or his supporters would think is he does represent a nation of politics. if he represents anything, it's an ideology that looks like the national front in france and looks like some of these right wing parties in scandinavia or great britain because obviously, it has an american tone and american elements and trump is uniquely trump, but it has this same kind of feel which is ultimately part of the reason i don't think it will be successful in the long run. >> what is the republican party look like idea logically. >> the republican party has remade itself since the reagan years as an idea logical party. it's no more stable than the coalitions of interest. there's many different kinds that jostle against each other. trump being pop ewe lichl is one

other kind. i think the real fear there's going to be a break up within the ranks and this is the thing that worries people. people are going to stand up against trump and walk out of the convention if they don't get their way and the republican party is going to go through what it went through in 64 when they lost down the ticket. >> now, what do you make of bernie sanders? what do you make of him historically? what can we learn from history? >> we can learn a lot from history. i recently posted 1972. in 1972 i was a young fire brand too and i just loved mcgovern. he got one state, massachusetts. >> i was in massachusetts at the time and voted. it was wonderful. it's going to change the world, change the united states.

i couldn't agree more about what bernie says ills our country. >> so you like hem and support him but you think the rest of america wouldn't. >> no, there's more. looking back at 72 and realizing one thing i like is not necessarily what massive americans are going to like but also now how are we going to get from what i agree with in very large terms into getting things done in our political system? i think one of the weaknesses sadly of hillary clinton is she has been in it. she has had, she has not been the president. >> what about the strength she can get stuff done? >> i would have thought. >> she's come police nt in everything. >> that's how they're arguing

particularly. >> can i say a couple of things? this is personal. i have noted over the course of this campaign that something new is happening. that is smart talking heads are now who are not black are now seeing the side of american politics that i have known for many, many, many years. acknowledging it has part of our politics. that is the zenaphobia in the races. that's not just republicans are not just conservatives. in this sense i feel more american or i feel more at one with thoughtful americans who are not black. >> david rumnick, e.j., jeffrey, thank you so much. if you're interested in all of

this, you'll be fascinated by cnn's race for the white house. take a look at this clip where andrew jackson faces john quincy adams for the first time after losing a presidential race to him. >> andrew jackson has just lost the election he thought was his. he now approaches the victor, john quincy adams. >> adams looked uncomfortable. he thought there might be an explosion of temper from jackson. >> but he could be very controlled when it fit his motivations. you don't want to see him like a sore loser but behind the scenes his advisers were thinking about the next election four years away and how to position andrew

jackson to crush this man. >> see how he secured his race for the president on the race for the white house tonight at 9:00 p.m. "in a recent flag football game with my family, i ran up the score, pick-sixed my daughter 3 times, and blocked 8 punts. did i cross a line? flag, i get it. you simply wanted to recreate the thrill of the nfl... all over your family. don't fret: training camp opens soon. but, it might be a good time to spring for a puppy.

this brings me to my question of the week. other than china's, how many currencies have been branded world currency status? two, three, four or five? stay tuned and we'll tell you the correct answer. this week's book of the week is midnight at the palace. the birth of modern iz stan bull by charles king. this is a terrific story of the slow collapse of the out man empire and the rise of modern i was stan balance. it's a story of politics, war,

all against the world's great city. now for the last look which is sort of another book recommendation. it's called the drinkable book. at first glance it looks like an average book of information about sanitation. let's just say you wouldn't want to buy the kindle version of this book. you see the pages themselves are water filters that kill bacteria. to you, simply tear out a filter, place it into a plastic filter box and poor contaminated water through it. the result according to the books developers is safe, clean drinking water. something the world health organization 663 million people around the world still do not have access to. in fact, water born illnesses kill nearly 1,000 children every single day according. the book is easy to produce and

the pages are refiltered. an entire book can provide a person with clean water up to four years. the book's inventer dr. terry and her accompany are scaling up production and hope to distribute the book to communities around the would recall. during a resent test they said the drinking water showed 100% inactivation of eboli after using the filter pages. they hope to include cartoons and pictagrams and also teach those who cannot read about water safety steven king once wrote books are magic. this book is. the correct answer is c-4. they will join the u.s. dollar, of course, the euro, the japanese yen and the british pound in the basket of special drawing right currencies when

its new status goes into effect in october this year. the imf says it's an important milestone of the integration of chinese economy. thanks to all of you for being part of my program this week. i'll see you next week. hey, good morning. it's time for reliable sources. a look at the story behind the story about news and pop culture and how they get made. this hour, does donald trump need more sleep? arianna thinks so and she's here to tell me why. plus tv legends are here to compare this election to all the others they've covered. and president obama critiquing campaign coverage and saying media to be closer. first, this morning, can we really trust the changing media narratives about the five