this is gps, the global public square. welcome to all of from the united states and around the world. we have a terrific show starting with an all star panel to take you on a tour of the world. from the united kingdom to the kingdom of saudi arabia. both stops on the overseas strip next week. from putin's power plays in russia to an imploding brazil. also, here's a new york value that ted cruz would probably hate. government sanctioned heroin

highs. like many other new york values this one actually makes sense. i'll explain. then the ambassador to the u.n., the nation's highest ranking muslim ever to serve in government. what does he have to say about the anti-islamic rhetoric on the campaign trail? >> i think islam hates us. and what makes some teams winners and others losers? i'm not talking about baseball or football but business. google has spent the last four years trying to figure out the answer to this question. it will surprise you. but first, here's my take. having recently discovered how the nomination process works in the republican party, donald trump is furious. >> if they wanted to keep people out, these are dirty tricksters.

>> in fact, mr. trump is right on the first and wrong on the second. political parties do have mechanisms to keep people out. far from being a trick, they are the crocks of what makes parties valuable in a democracy. political scientist begins his classic, parties and politics in america with this declaration. no america without democracy. no democracy without politics and no politics without parties. in a larger country in order to get things done, people need some devices to navigate the political interest and channel interests and ideologies and negotiate with others with differing interests and views. traditional parties have played this role in the united states. they have often played it as a counter weight to the momentary passions of the public. at the heart of the american political party is the selection of the presidential candidate.

this process use to be the controlling party elites. in the early 20th century, an additional mechanism was added to test the viability on the campaign trail. primaries, still, between 1912 and 1968, the man who won a party's presidential primaries became the nominee less than half the time. dwight eisenhower was not chosen by primary voters but in a complex tested convention. 1968 was the year things changed. the radicalism that swept the democratic party also casts aside its rules for favoring nominees favoring direct primaries over all else. the republicans copied the democrats and soon the parties ended up with the system we have today. the result of these changes has been to hollow without political parties turning them into empty

vessels for the most successful political entrepreneur of the moment. in describing these trends in 2003, i wrote without strong parties, all you needed to run for president was name recognition and a fundraising machine. i predicted that the partiless system would be good for political sign -- political dynasties. what is the harm of this new open system? we can see it now, a party without internal strength and capacity cannot shape the political agenda and said it simply reflects and amplifies the noisiest popular passions. the old system steered toward moderation because it was run mostly by local and state officials who won general elections and had to govern.

today delegates are chosen by primary voters. a much stronger, narrower and extreme slice of the country. it's ironic the old smoke filled rooms were more representative of the general voter than the open primaries of today. the old parties drew their strength from neighborhood organizations, churches, union and local business groups. the new parties are roladex's of national parties. these professionals are more extreme and less practical. they seem to turn large diverse parties into idea logical battleships. the old system is almost dead. in the current race they're trying to revive themselves one last time to save the party from a demagogue. this is not an assault on democracy. the people vote in november and that vote is final. meanwhile, we have an effort by one of the core institutions by american politics to shape the choices facing voters in the november election. sometimes to strengthen democracy, you have to restrain

it. for more, go to cnn.com/fareed and read my washington post column this week. let's get started. >> 2016 is the year in which president obama has to put the finishing touches on his legacy both foreign and domestic. on the foreign side he's expected to hop on air force one and travel all over the world this year. last month's trip was just a warm up. on tuesday, he'll take off of said rab i can't, the u.k. and germany to talk about the greeting he'll receive at all these stops and more, let me bring in my panel. he's a contributing writer at the new york times magazine. brett stevens is the columnist at the wall street journal.

gideon, first stop, saudi arabia. there are a lot of people who look at saudi arabia these days and feel oil has plummeted. it's highly unstable and finally, after many prognostications are proven wrong, saudi arabia is on the verge of collapse. >> this is not going to be a good stop because both leaderships have expressed their discontent and disgust with the other. not a fun meeting. no reason to believe the saudi regime is in any danger of collapse. it's proven the skeptics wrong. it's still a strong u.s. allie. maybe not a loved positive relationship but there's enough common interest to keep the relationship together and cooperation going whether there's an intelligence

cooperation or against iran, isis, or assad. i don't know why the president, in his goldberg interview, came out so explicitly with so much time left and expressed his disdain for so many allies. >> it's odd he's revealing stuff you kind of want him to wait for his memoirs to do. >> he has to be careful this isn't a replay of jimmy carter visiting the shah of iran and praising him as an anchor or pillar in the region. >> you think it has the danger that, as the shah, saudi -- >> i think persistent low oil prices, the fact that isis could be looking to expand into saudi arabia. a bad war with yemen. there's a lot of factors that can lead to the destabilization of the region, particularly if this trio of leaders doesn't work out. >> i think the point you would make is they're more stable than you think because they have huge oil reserves.

they can borrow money forever. >> internal legitimacy, they have good financial situation. they have strong control over their territory. let's be honest. there's not a lot of strong in the east. saudi arabia is one. that's why the united states is trying to be on descent terms with them. their balances games have to be played. it makes no sense of screwing up your relationship with one of the few remaining countries that's actually functional in the region. >> then he gets to britain, which seemed functional for the last few centuries. and now it appears that scotland is trying to leave. how serious -- i don't think most people outside britain realize, this is serious. britain could leave europe. >> it's almost possible. it's about 50/50 right now. david cameron was leading the europe campaign. the prime minister is not quiet the man. his father was one of those with a panama trust fund. he has got in trouble over that.

the timing is deliberate. a few weeks before the referendum, he was very popular in britain. very popular. he gets plus 75% approval ratings there. cameron doesn't. the use that obama can play for cameron is that those in favor of brexit, britain leaving europe, are the transatlanticists. their argument is america will simply replace europe and we're going to free trade and it will all be a well that will work out far better. and obama, in the hopes of david cameron, is going to say uh-uh, that's not going to happen. you're not going to get an fta. you're not going to get this sudden magical transatlantic alliance. your value to us as an ally is proportionate to your influence within europe. if you leave europe you're going

squander that. whether obama can say that in public rather than just hint at it is what we have to wait to see. there will be a lot of people as far as johnson and the mayor of london waiting to pounce if he gets too political and crosses too political of a line. >> does all this european instability and the migrant crisis help the man you study so carefully, vladimir putin? >> i think it absolutely does. i think if you look at the freedom report that came out about democracy and democratic rights declining sharply in the eastern europe and democratic states. that very much plays into putin's hands. he has been trying very hard with his propaganda and other subversive means to drive wedges between the u.s. and its european allies, hoping that might ease the sanctions load on

russia. and just trying to fragment europe -- that's a classic russian game, to try to fragment europe to work in those divides. >> one of the most likely outcomes and one of the reasons on balance oppose it, that would mean that scotland would leave britain and join europe. maybe wales would as well, as a result of that. you do want -- there are great advantages to a united kingdom. by the way, for the united states we want a strong britain. it still remains our central pillar in europe. so an england that is small, isolated and, perhaps, increasingly tempted by pop will you say politics, i don't think, is a gain for british, european or trans atlantic security. >> the whole world is going mad basically. >> next on gps, julia just mentioned a study that says dremcracy in europe is threatened by islamophobia.

is that really the case? yeah, but some of them are stretching the truth a little bit. one claimed to be four times better. we said, four times better than who? they said, four times better than we used to be. wh-wh-wha? if you're four times better than you used to be and you're still not the best, your tagline should be, "not as rubbish as we were." (sighs) only verizon is the nation's most awarded wireless network ever. now get 20 gigs on 4 lines for $80 when you switch to the best network.

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we are back with the foreign policy and wall street journal's brett stevens and gideon rose of foreign affairs. there is this study that freedom house puts out that says islamaphobia is the thing that's weakening democratic values in europe, the argument being you have the migrant crisis and a lot of right-wing nationalist politicians taking advantage of it and essentially scuffling a lot of protections of rights, minority rights, rule of law,

things like that. do you think the situation is as severe as the report points out? >> i wouldn't say it's weakening democracy. i would say it's weakening constitutional liberalism, whether you look at hungary or poland. poland is the new government there which is a right wing catholic government which is attempting to gut the constitutional core there. democracy, i don't think -- >> because they're all popular? >> hungary is another example. >> i think it raises larger issues, underlying issues about europe and what it means to be a german, frenchman or woman, b t brit. i spent time in germany and with migrants and refugees, and talking with germans around the camps and they said 20 years from now when these people get papers they'll never be germans and we don't know their kids will ever be germans.

this is a country that's been most open to the refugees. it gets to the idea of what is german identity, what is danish identity, and it is not an absorbative identity. it's an environment that is open to the world and has to take in these people and can't. >> i think this is part of the poison of low growth. germany took in huge growth during the boom years of the post war and was able to absorb them and able to absorb them into a growing four, at least 3% growth economy. when you have decades of stagnation, that is just going to magnify all of the normal problems associated with any kind of integration. >> pains me to say this, but i agree with bret. it's more of a symptom than a cause. yes, there's a lot of anger out there, a lot of dissatisfaction. it's looking for a target. this you have populous

politicians that come along. immigration was declining in the u.s. and trump was able to make a big deal of it. syrian categories, they happen to be brown, foreign and different in some ways, so they become a target, too. >> quickly talk about one thing. is the world economy going to blow up because the great superstar brazil seems on the verge of collapse. the president is about to be impeached or if not impeached has an approval rating under 10%. what happens? >> brazil -- i don't think -- if he goes, i don't think they have a particularly strong replacement. >> the vice president? >> i don't think you'll see dramatic change. the question is how do you get brazil back on the track with a structural form and powering an emerging market by the current vice president is not the answer to that question. i don't think it will destroy the world economy overall. i wouldn't bet brazil coming out

of its funk any time soon. >> this is all part of this world of declining oil prices. >> brazil is the country of the future and always will be. economists have a cover of jesus in rio taking over off like a rocket. that looks like a disappointed promise. but brazil is a $2 trillion economy. it is not large in the scale of the world economy. by the way, low commodity prices have all kinds of advantages, especially if you're paying for -- you're a consumer. >> what happens to russia in a world of low oil prices? can putin keep his control? >> it's ebbed and flowed. there's a uniquely russian phenomena the bad boys are the rulers around him. so every poll shows that russians distrust and dislike the police, the courts, the schools, the bureaucrats, the foreign ministry, defense ministry. the one person they continually like is vladimir putin. so, on questions of corruption,

they say that if it weren't for putin, it would be even worse. so what i want to say about brazil is, i think what's happening is actually a sign of health. for example, what the panama papers revealed about russia is far worse than anything brazil has done and everybody just shrugs their shoulders and says, well, that's just how it is. that's russia. if i was in their place, i would do the same. and the courts will never go after these people. they're going instead after the people who are trying to fight corruption in russia. whereas in brazil, you're seeing cleaning of house. it's like a very bad food poisoning. you have to get toxins out. >> final thought. britain. you straddled both worlds very well. what do people think in britain about the american republican race right now? >> i think they had sort of a sickly horror. they're gripped by it. trump had a golf course in scotland. well, he has a golf course in scotland. there were moves to try to deny him a visa to visit britain.

he is sort of half seen as -- his mother was born in scotland and he is half seen as local so people feel the right to despise him more than if he were nonbritish. >> that is so british. thank you all very much. in recent years in america, about 34,000 people are killed by guns, another 34,000 are killed by traffic accidents, but a stunning 46,000 were killed by drug overdoses in 2013. when we come back, global and local lessons about what to do about health. hey! this is lloyd. to prove to you that the better choice for him is aleve. he's agreed to give it up. ok, but i have 30 acres

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now for what in the world segment. >> senator cruz, you suggest donald trump, quote, invokes new york values. can you explain what you mean by that? >> i think most know what new york values are. >> presidential hopeful ted cruz has made it clear he's not a fan of new york values even as the republican primary comes to the empire state this week.

cruz might be even more appalled by new york after hearing this story. the mayor of ithica, new york, 29-year-old wants to allow his residents to legally shoot heroin. that's right. under the mayor's proposal, drug users in his quiet upstate town could walk into an injection center and get high. there is a powerful purse here. keeping heroine addicts alive with medically supervised highs. heroin abuse is a nationwide epidemic according to the cdc. fatal overdoses nearly

quadrupled between 2010 and 2013. in fact drug overdoses killed over 26,000 americans in 2013. that's more than gun violence, motor vehicle accidents and suicide. heroine is a big proportion of those overdoses. a state legislature called the proposal asinine according to the new york times. many feared that such a facility would only encourage more drug abuse. similar programs have been up and running in several other countries for years and have achieved some remarkable success. vancouver, canada has been home to the insite facility since 2003. the first legally supervised injection site. every day hundreds of addicts use injection boots with access to clean syringes overseen by nurses. treatment and other health services are available on site. the result of the effort has been impressive. fatal drug overdoses in the

blighted neighborhood around insite plummeted 35%, compared to just 9% in other parts of the city, according to the british columbia center on hiv/aids. not one fatal overdose occured on site. those using the injection were 30% more likely to enter rehab. the site also saves taxpayer dollars by preventing expensive medical procedures for the addicts it treats. insite has been proven to save lives with no discernible negative impact on the public safety and health objectives of canada, the court declared. worldwide, there are more than 90 supervised injection sites, mostly in europe. the first opened in 1986 in switzerland, where there are now 22 facilities that actually give heroin to addicts with the hope of treating them.

if that sounds crazy, consider this -- opioid-related deaths, most of which were heroin related, dropped to two-thirds in switzerlanswitzerland. if the united states would have cut them that much in 2013 alone, over 5000 lives would have been saved. maybe ithica's bold proposal, its new york values, aren't so bad after all. next on gps, you could stack up management books from here to the moon, and they will all tell you how to put together a great team for business. but google spent years actually studying the subject, and they say the answer lies in one word -- safety. i'll explain when we come back. when work takes you across the globe, your unlimited data travels with you to 140 plus countries and destinations at no extra charge. and that's not all. because with t-mobile there's no overages. ever. switch your business to t-mobile at work.

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google has had an interview process, if you don't believe me, google google interview questions and try them.

does putting together a bunch of brainy types who score well on those tests necessarily equal success? well, google has been working for more than four years now to figure out exactly how to best put together successful teams. the results so far are fascinating. >> julia was part of the google team that investigated this, and charles duhiga investigate ewro effort in his new book "smarter, faster, better." charles, why did you write this one? >> well, we're living through this period of economic change.

at the core of it like economic solutions is on the question of what it is. >> you were concerned about the lack of your own productivity? >> i was concerned about learning how to be more productive and how to take add vantage of what we learned. what we found is they tend to push themselves to think slightly differently. particularly, one of which is how teams come together. >> what you found was that wasn't just about the personal productivity but group productivity. >> that's right. >> in today's economy and business places, teams are essential to how work gets done. >> you thought about the issue even when you were in business school working on a team in yale. >> that's right. when i think about my experience of yale, what is most interesting is how the research we did at google has helped me understand that experience better of why some teams did incredibly well and why others, despite having such fantastically smart people in the room felt like we were missing out on some of the potential. >> why did google call this project that you helped run project aristotle? >> they got the name because the team should be greater than the sum of its parts, and that's an

inspiration of aristotle. what the project was was really an effort at google to try to figure out how do we make a rock star team and we spent years trying to answer that question by conducting many, many interviews following hundreds of teams at google and trying to learn as much as we can about them. >> what is the answer? >> great question. so what we learned is there are few common themes that really separate the most effective teams at google from the rest. by far, the most important thing is the sense of psychological safety on the team. what i mean by that, fareed, is being able to take a risk and make yourself really vulnerable with your team members without feeling like they're going to shoot you down or ridicule you as a result. >> this is fascinating to me because on campuses there has been this debate about safe spaces and a lot of hard line types say this is coddling, nonsense. what your research seems to show is there's something to this idea that a safe space makes people more willing to take risks, bare themselves in some way. >> right.

>> i think that's absolutely right. in fact, there's a lot of research beyond google, including google's work, to show you that that's true. there's a researcher called amy edmondson whose spent her career studying this. first of all, everyone on the team has to feel they can speak equally. that doesn't mean everyone speaks an equal number of minutes in each meeting but over time, there's an equality of how much people speak up. that in its own isn't enough. you also have to have social sensitivity. do the people on the team demonstrate they're listening to each other. do i pick up on your nonverbal cues, do i ask you what's on your mind if you've not spoken in a few minutes? by showing that listening behavior, i'm drawing you into the group and creating that safe space that allows for psychological safety and allows you to take risks. >> i've spent time with google people. most of them strike me as very smart. they do not suffer.

they do not -- they're very blunt if they think something is stupid. >> yep. >> did you find telling these people, very smart suma cum laude types, you know, part of what you have to do is listen to the weakest member on your team or the most different person on your team? how did that go across? >> yeah. so google, data is everything. it's powerful. being able to look at the type of people you're talking about and saying listen, we followed hundreds of teams at google. we analyzed thousands of things about them. and statistically, statistically what's most important is being able to take a risk with your team members. it's data driven and it's concrete. because of that, it helps people believe that this really matters. >> another team that worked, you found, was ""saturday night live"." again, you would think this is a bunch of smart -- smart asses

who are going to make jokes at each other. they're not going to spend a lot of time coddling each other and yet -- >> that's exactly how they came together. that's exactly right. if you talk to people about why "saturday night live," why that show succeeds, you would say it's a miracle. you have abunch of writers who for most of their lives have hated other people and they get together and make a live show every week. they say the reason why is because of lauren michaels because he runs meetings in a specific way. he forces everyone in the room to speak up. you have to say something. then he'll stop a meeting if you're looking distracted and say, fareed, i notice you're looking up. what's going on in your life? what's happening with you? why aren't you in this conversation? as a result everyone feels they have to speak and everyone's listening to them. what's interesting here is there's a basic tension in "saturday night live," google and these findings in efficiency

and productivity. he would get the expert the stand up and everyone else shut up and listen. productivity often times means you listen to the weaker team and interrupt a meeting saying what's going on inside your head? you look distracted. that's how we get productive instead of busy and efficient. >> has it changed the way google operates? >> it has. although many things has changed as a result of this work, my favorite one is over 10,000 googlers have had a conversation about psychological safety on their team after we released the work. >> fantastic. julia, charles, pleasure to have you on. >> thanks. >> thank you. >> next on gps, the highest ranking muslim to hold office in the american government. a great american immigration success story, former u.s. ambassador to the united nations will join me next.

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an amazing life story. especially in this day and age when such fear of foreigners is being stirred up in the united states. born and raised in afghanistan he moved to the united states, became a professor at columbia then went to work at the state department in the days of the soviet union's war in afghanistan. he rose to become u.s. ambassador to afghanistan after the invasion and finally u.s. ambassador to the united nations. in that role, he was the highest ranking muslim ever in the united states government. he just published a book about his life. "the envoy: from kabul to the

white house, my journey through a turbulent world." pleasure to have you on. >> thank you. >> you grew up in a world different to america. tell me about it. >> i grew up in northern afghanistan. a small town of about 50,000. historic area of the world. he was one of the great centers of world trade of education, of civilization in central asia. over time it had become a relatively poor isolated country on the border of the then soviet union. >> what brought you to the united states? >> there is a program called the american field service that brings high school students, junior in high school from around the world and i was one of those who were selected from afghanistan to come to the u.s. i had never left afghanistan and moved from the 50,000 city to the 500,000 town in kabul, which

seemed like a cosmopolitan city. but then to come to new york from afghanistan was a huge shock. >> so one of the things i saw when i was reading about when trump said he was going to ban all muslims from entering the united states somebody wrote would that include zalmay khalilzad. >> and fareed, too. >> what did you think when you hear donald trump, who is the republican front-runner and the leader of a party you served for to say islam hates america? >> islam has been a religion for over a thousand years and there's nothing in islam that hates america. i think that there are some extremist muslims who have a hostile attitude toward the united states. and i understand that some people are concerned about that, and we all should be concerned about that and do what we can to

defend ourselves. but i'm an example of you can be a muslim -- i have never felt any tension, yet alone conflict, between being a muslim and being an american and representing and there are many others like me. i think that what we need is diversity. i could be effective because of who i was and my background and my understanding of yeah area of the world. >> you also in your work as u.s. ambassador in afghanistan, in iraq, presumably you must have seen the degree to which the u.s. needed muslim allies to fight the extremists. i mean, i think about now when we talk about we should go and fight isis. there are tens and thousands of muslims fighting isis. >> sure. absolutely. >> well, the biggest divide is

not between american muslims. the biggest divide is among muslims. unfortunately, right now the world of islam is going through a civilization level, crisis, between moderates, extremists, traditionalists and now you've added the psychological issue. the sectarian conflict between shia and sunni related to powers of the region, iran and saudi arabia as the key players. we can't fight those wars ourself. we can't address them by ourselves. we need locals to address them and it's they that have to solve their problems but we can help and our diversity assists us in being a source of good help. >> when you were there in baghdad in kabul, did they look at -- did the locals look at you and say, oh, there's a fellow muslim so he'll be nice to us or

did he look at you as an american? >> they looked at me as an american but an american who understood -- in some cases, i spoke their language. i knew the history of their traditions. i helped them become more effective. i was to them something unbelievable. something that only can happen in america. here was someone, one of their own, son of the region went to america, became an american and now he represents -- i presented the most powerful country in the world. >> if donald trump became president and asked you to serve in hissed add administration -- >> i think willing to unify america, not to divide america and to follow an intelligent,

long-term strategy that elements of offense that wish us will and also as positive engagement. i would be more than happy to offer my views and my advice to any of our leaders. >> zal, pleasure to have you on. >> thank you. next on "gps," do pilots make good prime ministers? one nation is about to find out. it's more than a network and the cloud.

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x1 makes it easy to find what you love. call or go online and switch to x1. only with xfinity. and now for my question of the week, the biggest company the united states in a certain field filed for chapter 11 bankruptcy this week. what field was it? oil exploration, coal mining, solar panel production or wind turbine manufacturing? stay tuned and we'll tell you the correct answer. this week's book of the week is "the fall of the ottomans." if you want to know where it all began and when, read this great

book from a great historian. and now for "the last look." iceland's prime minister resigned following the panama papers. iceland may find itself with an unlikely leader. a pilot. i don't mean a sailor. more than 43% of icelanders would support this party that believes in transparency, responsibility in politics and freedom of information. the pirates received just three seats in parliament in the last election but would win a stunning victory if held today, as reuters has pointed out. its leader would likely be prime minister. the party's current chair is a wikileak activist who describes the party a robinhood of power, a woman who is not just a

politician, she's an artist and a poet who describes herself as a poetician. i dreamed last night that i was going into politics, that i was going to be the first prime minister in iceland. it was a true nightmare. she told us none of those serving in the party are keen to take on the position of prime minister. with the hopes of revolution on her shoulders, even though she doesn't want this job, this could be the flip side of getting rid of those old, corrupt professional politicians. the correct answer to the question of the week was "b," coal mining filed for bankruptcy and lost 94% of it is market value until five years. the downturn, experts say, is

caused by many factors, including declining coal prices and natural gases, renewables. coal consumption in oacd countries will drop 40% by 2040. thanks to all of you for being part of my program this week. i will see you next week. happening now in the "newsroom," hundreds dead and a thousand injured after a massive earthquake strikes ecuador. the rescue under way to rescue those that are trapped. >> do we have a government that represents all of us or just the 1%? >> and john kasich tells our dana bash donald trump should act like a professional. >> do you think the system is rigged? >> well, no. i think it's the way it