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tv   Fareed Zakaria GPS  CNN  May 29, 2016 7:00am-8:01am PDT

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this is gps, the global public square. welcome to all of you in the united states and around the world. i'm fareed zakaria. we're starting with a tour of the world's hot spots. afghanistan, where the taliban have a new leader. i iraq is fighting to -- and a federal court order to desegregate schools. no, this is not 1954, this is the united states of tibei. the return of segregation.
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also facebook, pay-pal, linkedin, reed hoffman has been crucial in each. the ultimate entrepreneur and investor will tell me what the future of -- >> i just want to work here and start working my way up. >> finally, they are burning the barricades in france again. can you hear the people sing? well, surely you can hear them shout about what the french are being forced to do to actually improve their economy. but first, here's my take. donald trump's positions on public policy have shifted over the years, months even days, but on one issue, he has been utterly consistent. >> this country is utterly a hell hole, we're going down
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face. >> his message is to make america great again. in fact it is become clear that the united states in recent years has re-enforced its position as the leading technological and economic power. it has transformed itself into an energy superpower, while also moving to the cutting edge of the green technology revolution. and it is demographically vibrant, while all it's major economic periods, while japan, and even china face certain economic decline. the author of an intelligent new book "the seventh sense" argues that in an age of networks, the winner often takes all. he argues that there are nine
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global -- that are used by over 1 million people. all dominate their respective markets and all are american. in a pair of essays, china is the closest the united states has to a rising rival, but only on one measure, gdp, brooks and wohlford notice that half of china's exports are assembled there and mostly shipped out. take the most potent form of forced projection, aircraft carrier, the united states operates ten, china currently has one, a secondhand ukrainian ship that it had to retrofit. in the realm of high-tech -- perhaps most important, the united states has a web of
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allies around the world and is actually developing new ones like india and vietnam. meanwhile china has one military ally, north korea. the complexity of today's international system is that despite this american dominance, other countries have in fact gained ground. in 1990, china's share of gdp was 1.7%, now it's 15%. developing countries have gone from 20% of the global economy to 40% in the same period. while gdp is not everything, it is a reflection of the realty that no single country, not even the united states can impose its will on the rest. i tried to describe this emerging landscape in my 2008 book, in which i wrote, washington has no true rifle and will not for a very long time, but it faces a growing number of constraints, china has large and growing influence in the world,
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as can be seen by creating the asian infrastructure investment bank this past year over washington's objections. rising regional powers like saudi arabia and turkey, asse asserting their own power in the middle east. an ally and aid resip ynt quietlydefies -- the realty is that america remains the world's leading power, but it can only achieve it's objectives by defining it's efforts broadly and creating a network of cooperation. that does not fit on the campaign camp. for more go to c nrks nrnn.com/ and read my "washington post" column this week. let's get started. there is lots happening in the world today, we have got a
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great panel to talk about it m mar. he was a top state department official. and peter bynard is a cnn political commentator. brett, i want to talk to you about a rather controversial -- it shows an israeli soldier fatally shooting an already wounded palestinianman, suspected in a knife attack, the israelis say that -- found the wounded man posed no apparent threat when the shooting took place. what then happened was the series of political events that
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ended with the firing of the defense official and top military officials criticizing the government. the way it's been portrayed is that the military, the generals in israel feel that the government has become too kind of aggressive in it's -- willing to violate basic military protocol? >> judging from the video, it seems clear that the soldier who killed that palestinian assailant pretty much in cold blood, he faces charges of manslaughter and up to 20 years in prison. and if that proves to be the case, he should serve a very heavy sentence, that is one issue. and this issue was taken up by a number of politicians, including
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the new defense minister, saying hey, this palestinian was trying to kill one of our boys and essentially he deserves what he got. and the military is rightfully aghast at that point of view, it doesn't serve israel's interests in any way. but there's a secondary issue, which is the military's decision and of the former defense minister's decision to say to his officers, you guys can say what you want in public about the political statements and moves of your civilian masters and that seems to be a very separate issue. because in a democracy, a military staying away from politics, it's what obama asserted with mcchrystal and with douglas mccarthy. >> the behavior of this politician crosses a line where it threatens israeli democracy itself, right, peter? >> what's fascinating is that the most powerful opposition to benjamin netanyahu, is on the
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military establishment on iran and very strong statements of former leaders and heads of israeli's security service. what makes the problem complicated when you talk about the military's role in a democracy, is that for 49 years now israel has been holding a territory which is not a democracy, because the palestinians on the west bank cannot vote. he does not live in a democracy, and i think this is the sense of fear, the erosion, in a way it's almost on par to what you're seeing in the republican party. a conservative party that had a parliamentary individual rights tradition. people like lieberman represent the overlow of that with a kind of hyper nationalist thug authoritarian policy.
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>> that's all to one side. the basic issue is do the civilians control the military? whether you like the policies or views of those civilians. and that seems fundamental in any democracy. douglas mccarthy -- >> surely the civilian control has some limits. if the civilian government violates the constitution, basic human rights, takes the country to a place that essentially upends the constitutional order then the military has the right to stand up and say that, and from what i hear, not only the israeli and the ibf, saying wait a minute to the government, you are putting personal and political issues ahead of the national interests and ahead of the values on which israel was founded. >> i don't think any generals were fired in israel, but rather
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a politician that tried to arctic late the military's point of view was fired. >> the defense minister. >> and here with the issue of gays in the military, or other issues in the military, you don't have the secretary of defense getting fired for articulating the general's position. >> let me ask a question related to this. bernie sanders appears to have decided that he would like to amend the democratic military platform to change the language on israel. what's going on there? >> the democratic party since 2004 has said it supports the two state solution. but it only articulates the value of that in terms of israel's -- it does not in any of its platforms say anything about the fact that palestinians actually have rights and that is what bernie sanders' representatives, the platform committee is going to want to talk about. if lieberman would like to get
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itself two state solution by redrawing the border and essentially kicking palestinian leaders out of the country. bernie sanders is actually the object political figure talking about this. it's a sign about how the democratic party is shifting. >> secretary clinton is clear about her support for israel's extraordinarily strong support for israel, but she's been very clear about the value of a two-state solution. and i think she would say it's in israel's interest because it is consistent with the country that israel was founded to be and israel's long-term stabltd and security. so i don't think she would have any problems talking about palestinian rights but that still is in israel's interest. >> when we come back, we're going to talk about the rest of the world. and i will ask brett stevens, the world stage editorial people
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. and we are back with our panel. afghanistan, leader of the taliban killed, new leader in place. you handled this issue for richard holbrooke when he was the special representative. is there any hope here? i mean it seems like you wouldn't kill people you thought you could negotiate with, so it seems we're in this unending military campaign. >> it's been some time since the war in afghanistan is going the way of iraq, it's not going smoothly and it may well
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collapse. there's a fear that we will have a mosul moment in afghanistan. tried to push very hard for reconciliation, reconciliation didn't happen. and i think there's an element of desperation here, because the administration essentially escalated the war with the taliban, and announced they're going to extend the war into pakistan proper with american military th military. if the military is willing to reengage in this war the way it reengaged in iraq. it was a very successful clinical strike. >> at the very least it seem s like it suggests negotiations
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are at a stand still and you're going to have to ramp up and you're ramping up in a situation where you've also alienated pack stang. it's worth noticing when osama bin laden -- when the currently leader is assassinated, he's in pakistan. >> this was a very clear signal to pakistan, i think in many ways, independent of their actual goal of killing the ahead of the taliban, which is to say we are going after our enemies, the afghan government's enemies where they are, and you actually have to read this together with an extremely important announcement this week, between india and iran and afghanistan, to build up an iranian port, to provide -- that's essentially saying, look, to the pakistanis,
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you can cut a deal, there can be regional peace, or you're on one side and we're with india, iraq and afghanistan. >> it seems the iraqi government is now gearing up to try to take fallujah, maybe even take mosul, it's still not clear to me how that is going to work because somebody's going to have to govern that land. >> it seems like we're doing better militarily, the amount of territory isis controls is getting less. but you don't have a functional political contact to take advantage, even if you are to get military victories, isis, as horrible a situation is that is, you don't have legitimate leadership from the perspective of the sunnis and the united states probably doesn't have enough leverage over the iraqi
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government to force the iraqi government to do the things it needs to do to gain. >> the iraqis are under tremendous pressure from their base to essentially protect them and to punish them for the amount of suicide bombings that are happening in iraq. partly the problem is we look at iraq the way we want to look at it. the iraqis are not in this fight in order to put iraq back together. they're wanting to protect the shiias from what is an enormous isis onslaught. to put the pictures of the the saudi shiia cleric that was killed on all the missiles. the message is very clear, that this is a shiia-sunni fight, not about bringing iraq together. >> brett, i have to ask you, you have written eloquently against donald trump from the beginning,
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the rest of the establishment has collapsed and surrendered to his not particular warm embrace. are you going to vote for donald trump in the fall. >> i most certainly will not vote for donald trump. i will vote for the least left wing opponent to trump and i want to make a vote and make sure that he is the biggest loser in presidential history since i don't know, alf landon or going bag further. it's important that donald trump and what he represents, this kind of ethnic, quote, conte conservatism. the electorate cannot elect a man so unqualified to be president in any way, shape or form. so they have to learn the lesson perhaps the way mcgovern learned
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a lesson. why not guam, puerto rico and the district of columbia too. >> and will "the wall street journal" editorialize also? >> the wall street journal list has not endorsed a candidate since hoover. next on gps, if you thought segregation in america was a thing of the past, you would be dead wrong. i will give you the data when we come back.
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. now for a what in the world segment. a federal court ordered a mississippi school district to desegregate it's middle and high schools. no, this is not a headline from 1954. this rulingctually came down recently on the eve of the 62nd anniversary of brown versus board of education. that is the landmark case that deemed that racial segregation in public schools is unconstitutional. it has been six decades since the supreme court declared that separate education was inherently unequal. but amazingly, since the 1990s, a complicated tangle of laws,
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discriminatory practices, and democratic shifts have led to a very real resurgence in america. the number of so called apartheid schools across the nation, schools with 1% or fewer white students and found that these schools had more than doubled since the peak of interrogation in 1988. in 2011, there was 6,727 apa apartheid schools in the united states. a newly released government accountability office report confirms that in recent years american schools have become ever more segregated. in the 2000-2001 school year, 9%
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of k-12 public cools were mostly poor or minority. these students were offered less science, less math and less college prep than other schools. they were disproportionately more likely to be suspended or expell expelled. rutgers university professor says that between 2000 and 2013, the number of americans living in high poverty neighborhoods has nearly doubled from 7.2 million to 13.8 million. that income segregation looks a lot like racial segregation. he knows that nationwide, more than one in four poor blacks live in extreme poverty neighborhoods thcompared to 1 i
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13 poor whites. in one illuminating study, attended court ordered desegregated schools between the 1960s and 80s. johnson found that blacks who attended desegregated elementary schools were more likely to graduate and 22% less likely to be incarcerated as adults. blacks who spent five years in public school saw her health improve. this group also earned on average 30% more annually than their cohorts that did not attend desegregated schools. johnson also found that the narrowing of the achievement gaps did not have any negative effects on whites on any metric.
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this all reminds me of something the great martin luther king jr. once said, it may be true that you cannot letting slate -- when you change the habits of men, pretty soon hearts of men will begin to change and attitudes will begin to change. up next on gps, billionaire reid hoffman, he's been visionary enough to get in on the ground floor of companies like facebook, and linkedin. over the world. cesl or that we searched billions of flights to get you here. a few weeks ago, you didn't even know where here was. now the only thing you don't know, is how you're gonna leave.
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for the strength and energy to get back to doing... ...what you love. ensure. always be you. my next guest is the serial entrepreneur reed hoffman, if his name is unfamiliar to you, the companies he's been involved
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with certainly are not. he's best known as the co-founder of linkedin. he's also a member of the pay-pal mafia, the early employees of the payment site. and he invested early in facebook. hoffman also happens to be one of the most thoughtful and intelligent people i know in silicon valley. we met at his linkedin headquarters in silicon valley, california. what does the future of technology look to you. >> there's a thesis software eating the world. i think of it as transforming, rather than consumption, software is now becoming part of everything. and i think that changes the role in which bits shifted destinies of atoms. like to be very specific, you say, well, we're getting into personalized medicine, we actually have your genetic code.
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>> the bits of software is transforming the taxi industry by uber, so the bits are changing the atoms? >> i think that continues. i think the next part of it is, again people usually refer to it as the data, i think of it as human index data. that's when we can build new kinds of application based on the massive amount of data is available. if you're talking about traffic, how do i get here and how do i get around the traffic. but it's thought of navigation, you're and a half gaiting a career, you're navigating a personal life, you're navigating entertainment and all of that navigation, can turn into new kinds of navigation. the third one is that we're beginning to get some very interesting direct connections between software and data and biology. so the cost of sequencing the
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genome is coming down faster than moore's law. crisper, we are beginning to be able to rewrite the genetics in living organisms. for example if you have a specific genetic condition, that is just a few genes, you might actually save the child's life and have a feeling adult. like all technology, it's scary, but an amazing opportunity. >> one of the things you've often talked about is that silicon valley and the united states has a unique advantage but not in startup culture, but what you call blitz scaling, not just having the idea, but actually being able to take it to a wide number of people. explain that. >> so if startups were the only thing, which is usually the story you get from silicon valley, it's no fear of failure technology, and taking risk. there would be companies all
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over the world. and yet when you look at the majority of the superinteresting tech companies that are all over the world, the majority are on the west coast and also in silicon valley. so why so many in an area with a total population of 8.5 million, 25 square miles, why facebook, linkedin, google, twitter, ebay, and the list goes on and on. what we have learned is not just startup, but also scaleup. and scaleup at speed. so i'm borrowing blitz creed metaphor and it actually applies. the germans invented the changing warfare so you don't just advance to your supply chain, you carry enough munitions for one battle. so you either win or lose big.
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silicon valley has learned the same thing about scale kuwaup. we won't do any phone customer service, we'll do it all by e-mail. that's the equivalent, we'll leave the supply chain behind us and we'll run very far and very fast out and establish the market share and establish our businesses. the techniques are in hiring, the techniques are in management. the techniques are in customer support and we have kind of a living network of knowledge blased on the new techniques for that. and that's why silicon valley continues to use this massive technology. there's an appreciation of entrepreneur ship and risk everywhere. and yet the vast majority of the companies happen here. >> the venture capital firms are close buy, and stanford is close by. you're talking about a unique set of ideas almost.
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>> in particular, venture capital, capital is global. there's a lot of capital there. it's a great source of talent and creativity. but it's actually in fact the network of all the talent that comes here and learns how to do this. >> and when you look at that ecosystem, do you worry that that ecosystem can be easily replicated in terms of, after all the ideas, you're saying them now, you're writing a book about blitz scaling. why can't people just copy the idea? >> i would like there to be more silicon valley, any time a regional government comes to town -- >> you mean a foreign leader? >> we have had everything from french ministers, british ministers, a whole group saying
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what do we learn here and what do we do? i think the world is better off. it might make competition of silicon valley. but the network is kind of both cooperative and competitive at the same time. >> up next, how the ultimate linkedin guy reed hoffman networks himself and why this billionaire feels that he still needs to hustle. lessons or all of us when we return. to weather like this... ...or this... ...or even this? if a stain can survive any amount of torture... ...is it still stain? arborcoat from benjamin moore. world saleilton is on honors members save up to 25% on brands like hampton, doubletree, hilton garden inn, and waldorf astoria so stop clicking around. book direct at hilton.com now that's satisfaction.
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shoshow me more like this.e. show me "previously watched." what's recommended for me. x1 makes it easy to find what you love. call or go online and switch to x1. only with xfinity. we're back now with more of my conversation with reed hoffman, co-founder of linkedin, early employee of pay-pal, early investor in facebook, that is a resume that has made him worth almost $3 billion according to forbes, but he didn't set out to be an entrepreneur. listen to his fascinating story.
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>> i heard that bill gate said somebody asked him why did you become an entrepreneur. he say i didn't set out to be an entrepreneur, i was fascinated with software. it's not like if i didn't have that passion and obsession, i would have started a restaurant business. i was not trying to be an entrepreneur. you were similarly motivated by the substance of it? >> that's funny, i haven't heard that directly from bill. the very -- very similarly, i only realized that the word entrepreneur applied to me when i was in the process of starting my second company, i was like, oh, right, they call people like me entrepreneurs, i think it's extremely important for society, it's how we adapt to the future, it's how we create pos perity, but for me it was i'm trying to do this thing to help humanity involve in a good way and if you
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can change the medium by which we value each other. it's very easy to do reference checking, it's very easy to do -- okay, my dream is when people will start telling me i'm reference checking prospective bosses before i go work for them and then i will know i provided a network age tool. >> one of the things that is clearly happening with technology and it's particularly happening as software begins to massively improve almost everything is that you're needing fewer people. what do you think is going to happen to people, the human talent, this is something you centrally deal with. >> i think it is beholden -- so the classic economist answer which you're very familiar with is, we create new instruments of productivity and then jobs shift and then new jobs are created. it happened in the industrial revolution so we anticipate it happening now. hopefully that's simply true. >> in the long run? >> in the long run.
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there are arguments that maybe it's not true this time. >> the scale and speed of both technology and globalization. >> exactly. and the pain of trance locution can be very serious. we as entrepreneurs, we as technologyists and we as influencers in our society, it should be all hands of deck, in that how do we create new businesses that create interesting jobs and one of the ways to look at this is not just as job creation, but also work creation, you may have a lot more entrepreneurial individuals who are enabling individuals to be small business and entrepreneurial. so actually allow a work creation that creates creative work. >> your last book was the startup. you always taught about the individual and how he can best
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navigate this world. what is your advice to someone who is listening to enhance their talents and opportunities? >> i was lucky to have gone to stanford, i wouldn't have thought of this whole path if i hadn't gone to stanford. is connect yourself to central nodes in the network. so say this is the direction i want to go, how do i meet some interesting people? if i look back on my career and say what do i wish i had done differently. i would have volunteered towork at netscape, it was one of the central internet company, i'll be a joanitor, i just want to work here and start working my way up here, because the center node of this new technology and the commercial system of the internet. so find your position in the network. >> how do you make sure that you get out there in a way that people see this? >> well, some of the stuff that i said in the start up review, is i present, one of the things
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i did when i was at apple, which was like my first real job, was i volunteered for work. i thought, oh, maybe i should be a user experience designer, i should be a product manager, that's a better fit for my skill set. so i walked over to the product manager group, i have a couple ideas of products we should be doing, i'm going to write them up and all i want is some instructions, how would i learn it? and they're like oh, this bright kid as volunteered to give us some ideas. i will then go work on those idea ideas. internships are valuable in that context. you go to the smartest people you know and say who do i need to build a relationship with? part of building a relationship, you say, look, i'm not just asking, i'm building a relationship, i'm trying to give as well. those are the kinds of things i think about.
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>> you still think about net working, about putting yourself in the middle of information flows, people, even though you're one of the best connected, most successful people in sop s silicon valley? >> that's the nature of the age. >> so you're still hustling? >> oh, yes. next on gps, the french are at the barricades again, protesting the unfairness of their working conditions. i'll explain the whole mess when we come back. (vo) on the trane test range, you learn what makes our heating
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president obama visited vietnam this week and while he was there announced an end to the long standing american ban on arm sales to that country. >> the united states is fully lifting the ban on the sale of military equipment to vietnam that has been in place for some 50 years. >> it brings me to my question of the week, how much did trade increase between vietnam and the u.s. between 1995 and 2015?
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five fold? ten fold? 50 fold or 100 fold? stay tuned and we'll tell you the correct answer. this week's book of the week is actually a movie. hbo's all the way. this may be the best political drama i have ever seen on screen. it is certainly the best performance ever by an actor of a historical figure, brian cranston becomes president johnson. it's really about power, how to wield it, how to compromise, but above all, how to get stuff done. >> you're not running for office, you're running for your life. >> now for the last look. a fiery blaze, police uniforms, general chaos, looking at these pictures, you might think you're looking at a terror attack. but this is actually an angry clash between police and workers who are blockading an oil depot
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in france, strikes of refineries around the country have caused nation wise fuel shortages, france even had to dip into its oil reserves this week. one in three gas stations is short of or even out of fuel according to french media. and these are just the latest in a string of protests around the country. so why are the french so fueled with anger? union leaders are protesting a proposed labor law that allows companies to reduce overtime pay and increase overtime hours. and some employees will have to say goodbye to the 35-hour workweek. citizens feel betrayed president hollande's socialist government. many experts including the imf believe that these reforms are crucial, noting france's high unemployment rate of more than 10%, double the united states as
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well as it's huge public debt. they said the reforms will make hiring and firing easier in this country that is desperately in need of a diynamic labor market. hollande faces re-election next year so he can have time to push through these economic reforms, running out of gas literally. the question is d, bilateral trade between vietnam and the u.s. increased 100 fold between 1995 to 2015, from 4$451 millio to $598 billion. it increasing less than five times between the u.s. and mexico, from $108 billion to $5$5 $531 billion.
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we were surprised to learn that a cabinet reshuffle has made that position, well, a thing of the past. who could have predicted that? thanks to all of you for being part of my program this week, i will see you all next week. hey, good morning, it's time for "reliable sources." today we look at the story behind the story, how news and pop culture get made. could the king of pop are be dethroned? could rush limbaugh's -- will respond to sanders claims of media bias. and the shocking twist in the hulk hogan gawker case. there's a billionaire that's been secretly supporting hogan the whole time. i'll tell you what it mean in the future of media.